考研考博-英语-吉林艺术学院考试押题卷含答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-吉林艺术学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Althoughcatscannotseeincompletedarkness,theireyesaremuchmore（）tolightthanarehumaneyes.

问题1选项

A.glowing

B.brilliant

C.sensitive

D.gloomy

【答案】C

【解析】句意:尽管猫在完全黑暗的环境中看不到任何东西，但是相比人类的眼睛，它们的眼晴对光却更加敏感。

考查形容词辨析。glowing热烈赞扬的，热情洋溢的;brilliant闪耀的，杰出的，精彩的；sensitive体贴的，体恤的，善解人意的，感觉敏锐的；gloomy黑暗的，沮丧的，阴郁的。由转折对比提示词Although(尽管)可知C符合句意。

2.单选题

PopstarstodayenjoyastyleoflivingwhichwasoncetheprerogativeonlyofRoyalty.Wherevertheygo,peopleturnoutintheirthousandstogreetthem.Thecrowdsgowildtryingtocatchabriefglimpseoftheirsmiling,colorfullydressedidols.ThestarsaretransportedintheirchauffeurdrivenRolls-Royces,privatehelicoptersorexecutiveairplanes.Theyaresurroundedbyapermanententourageofmanagers,pressagentsandbodyguards.Photographsofthemappearregularlyinthepressandalltheircomingsandgoingsarereported,for,likeRoyalty,popstarsarenews.IftheyenjoymanyoftheprivilegesofRoyalty,theycertainlysharemanyoftheinconveniencesaswell.Itisdangerousforthemtomakeunscheduledappearancesinpublic.Theymustbeconstantlyshieldedfromtheadoringcrowdswhichidolizethem.Theyarenolongerprivateindividuals,butpublicproperty.Thefinancialrewardstheyreceiveforthissacrificecannotbecalculated,fortheirratesofpayareastronomical.

Andwhynot?Societyhasalwaysrewardeditstopentertainerslavishly.ThegreatdaysofHollywoodhavebecomelegendary:famousstarsenjoyedfame,wealthandadulationonanunprecedentedscale.Bytoday’sstandards,theexcessesofHollywooddonotseemquitesospectacular.Asinglegramophonerecordnowadaysmayearnmuchmoreinroyaltiesthanthefilmsofthepasteverdid.Thecompetitionforthetitle“TopofthePops”isfierce,buttherewardsaretrulycolossal.

Itisonlyrightthatthestarsshouldbepaidinthisway.Don'tthetopmeninindustryearnenormoussalariesfortheservicestheyperformtotheircompaniesandtheircountries?Popstarsearnvastsumsinforeigncurrency—oftenmorethanlargeindustrialcompanies—andthetaxmancanonlybegratefulfortheirmassiveannualcontributionstotheexchequer.Sowhowouldbegrudgethemtheirrewards?

It’sallverywellforpeopleinhumdrumjobstomoanaboutthesuccessesandrewardsofothers.Peoplewhomakeenviousremarksshouldrememberthatthemostfamousstarsrepresentonlythetipoftheiceberg.Foreveryfamousstar,therearehundredsofothersstrugglingtoearnaliving.Amanworkinginasteadyjobandlookingforwardtoapensionattheendofithasnorighttoexpectveryhighrewards.Hehaschosensecurityandpeaceofmind,sotherewillalwaysbealimittowhathecanearn.Butamanwhoattemptstobecomeastaristakingenormousrisks.Heknowsattheoutsetthatonlyahandfulofcompetitorsevergettotheverytop.Heknowsthatyearsofconcentratedeffortmayberewardedwithcompletefailure.Butheknows,too,thattherewardsforsuccessareveryhighindeed:theyaretherecompenseforthehugerisksinvolvedandifheachievesthem,hehascertainlyearnedthem.That'stheessenceofprivateenterprise.

1.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardtopstars’highincome?

2.AccordingtothefirstparagraphRoyaltyonce（

）.

3.Accordingtotheauthoritcouldbeinferredthat

（

）.

4.Inthelastparagraphtheauthorremindspeople

（

）.

5.Thebesttitleforthepassagecouldbe（

）.

问题1选项

A.Approval

B.Disapproval

C.Ironical

D.Critical

问题2选项

A.wascoldlygreeted

B.ledalifeasalltheotherpeopledid

C.livedalifetheformerpopstarscouldenjoy

D.enjoyedastyleoflivingthatpeoplewerehardtoimagine

问题3选项

A.popstarscouldbecomparedtoRoyalty

B.popstarscouldbecomparedtotopmeninindustry

C.popstarsarelowentertainers

D.popstarsshareconveniences

问题4选项

A.mostfamousstarsaretipoftheicebergwithotherhundredsstrugglingforaliving

B.societyalwaysrewardstopentertainers

C.Popstarsarenews

D.crowdsgreetpopstarseverywheretheygo

问题5选项

A.Popstarsexertundesirableinfluenceinsociety

B.ComingandGongsAreRewarded

C.FierceCompetition:TopofthePop

D.PopStarsCertainlyMakeTheirMoney

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:D

【解析】1.细节事实题。由文章第三段中的Itisonlyrightthatthestarsshouldbepaidinthisway.（明星们应该以这种方式得到报酬，这是正确的）可知作者对明星高收入的态度是支持的，因此选A。

2.细节事实题。文章第一段描写了今天的流行歌星享受着一种曾经是皇室特权的生活方式：无论他们走到哪里，人们都会聚集在一起迎接他们。人群疯狂地试图抓住一个短暂的机会，一瞥他们的笑容满面，穿着华丽的偶像。这些明星是由司机驾驶的劳斯莱斯、私人直升机或专机接送的。

由此可推测皇室曾经享受着特权生活，过着普通人想象不到的生活，因此D选项“享受着人们难以想象的生活方式”符合题意。

3.推理判断题。由文章第三段中的Don'tthetopmeninindustryearnenormoussalariesfortheservicestheyperformtotheircompaniesandtheircountries?Popstarsearnvastsumsinforeigncurrency—oftenmorethanlargeindustrialcompanies（行业中最优秀的人，难道不因为他们为公司和国家提供的服务而赚取丰厚的薪水吗？流行歌星用外币赚了很多钱——通常比大型工业公司赚得多）可推测B选项“流行歌星可以被比作工业界的顶尖人物”正确。A选项由第一段中的PopstarstodayenjoyastyleoflivingwhichwasoncetheprerogativeonlyofRoyalty（今天的流行歌星享受着一种曾经是皇室特权的生活方式）直接得答案，不需要推测，C、D选项根据本文内容来看说法错误，因此选B。

4.细节事实题。由文章最后一段中的Peoplewhomakeenviousremarksshouldrememberthatthemostfamousstarsrepresentonlythetipoftheiceberg.Foreveryfamousstar,therearehundredsofothersstrugglingtoearnaliving（那些发表嫉妒言论的人应该记住，最著名的明星只是冰山一角。对于每一个著名的明星，有数以百计的其他人挣扎着谋生）可知A选项“大多数著名的明星都是冰山一角，而其他数百名明星则在为生存而奋斗”符合题意。

5.主旨大意题。文章的标题通常可作为文章的主题。A选项“流行歌星在社会中产生不良的影响”在文章中没有提及，故排除；B选项不清楚指的是什么，故排除；C选项“激烈的竞争：流行音乐的巅峰”只在文章第三段中提及，不具有概论性，故排除；因此D“流行歌星赚那么多的钱是理所当然”最为恰当。

3.单选题

Mysisterisquite______andplanstogetanM.A.degreewithinoneyear.

问题1选项

A.aggressive

B.enthusiastic

C.considerate

D.ambitious

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.aggressive好斗的，挑衅的B.enthusiastic热情的，热心的

C.considerate考虑周到的，为（他人）着想的D.ambitious有野心的，有雄心的

【答案】D

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】根据后半句句意“计划在一年内拿到硕士学位”可知，Mysisterisquite______表示的意思是“我妹妹雄心勃勃”。因此，该题选择D项。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C项不符合句意。

【句意】我妹妹雄心勃勃，计划在一年内拿到硕士学位。

4.翻译题

中国发展离不开世界，世界的发展需要中国。这里我重申，中国的对外开放是长期的、全面的、互利的，中国坚持对外开放的基本国策决不会改变。我们将继续积极参与经济全球化的进程，推动建设公正合理的国际贸易体系和金融体制。我们将继续完善涉外经济法律法规和政策，使中国的投资环境变得更加规范、更加透明、更加有利于各类企业投资兴业。

【答案】答：

ChinacannotdevelopitselfinisolationfromtheworldandtheworldalsoneedsChinaforitsdevelopment.Here,IwishtoreiteratethatChina’sopening-uptotheoutsideworldisalong-termcommitmentwhichcoversallfieldsandismutuallybeneficial.China’sbasicstatepolicyofopening-upwillneverchange.Wewillcontinuetogetactivelyinvolvedineconomicglobalizationandworktobuildafairandequitableinternationaltradingregimeandfinancialsystem.Wewillcontinuetoimproveforeign-relatedeconomiclaws,regulationsandpoliciessoastomakeChina’sinvestmentenvironmentinkeepingwithinternationalstandard,transparentandmorebusinessfriendly.

5.单选题

OnceRenaissancepaintersdiscoveredhowto（

）volumeanddepth,theywereabletoreplacethemedievalconventionofsymbolic,two-dimensionalspacewiththemoreillusionofactualspace.

问题1选项

A.reverse...conventional

B.portray...abstract

C.deny...concrete

D.render...realistic

【答案】D

【解析】词义辨析题。第一个空的选项：reverse“颠倒，倒转”；portray“描绘，扮演”：deny“否认，拒绝给予”；render“提供，以……回报，描绘，处理（绘画等的主题）”，第二个空的选项：conventional“传统的，习惯的”；abstract“抽象的”；concrete“具体的，有形的”；realistic“现实的，实际的，实事求是的”，根据关键词“volumeanddepth”“symbolic”和句意‘当文艺复兴的画家们发现如何描绘体积和深度之后，他们就能够使用更现实的实在空间感来取代中世纪的象征意味的、二维空间的绘画习惯了’确定D选项正确。

6.单选题

Foryearsshewasdependentondrugsanddrinkanditwasonlyinherfiftiesthatshefinallymanagedtoovercomethese（）.

问题1选项

A.accessories

B.addictions

C.attachments

D.admission

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项accessory表示“配件；附件；从犯”；B选项addiction表示“上瘾；沉溺；嗜好”；C选项attachment表示“附件；依恋；连接物”；D选项admission表示“承认；录用；进入许可；坦白”。根据dependentondrugsanddrink可知，她多年来都依赖毒品和酒精，在五十多岁时才最终设法克服毒瘾和酒瘾。因此，本题正确答案为B项。

7.单选题

Theboyansweredallmyquestionswithcomplete（

）.

问题1选项

A.insurance

B.security

C.assurance

D.safety

【答案】C

【解析】考察名词词义辨析。insurance“保险，保险费”；security“安全，保证”；assurance“保证，担保，确信”；safety“安全，保险”。句意：这个小男孩自信地回答了我所有的问题。选项C符合题意。

8.单选题

ComparingwithotherAsiancountries,Chinasuffersfromthegreatestgapbetweenitsdevelopmentneedsanditsactualwaterresources.

问题1选项

A.Comparingwithother

B.from

C.gapbetweenits

D.itsactualwaterresources

E.没有问题

【答案】A

【解析】语法错误。考查非谓语动词。Comparingwithother改为Comparedwithother,当表示被动时，非谓语动词需用过去分词的形式。

9.单选题

Thegovernmentisexpectedtomakenewlegislationsto（

）foreigninvestmentinrealestate.

问题1选项

A.manipulate

B.regulate

C.dominate

D.prevail

【答案】B

【解析】动词词义辨析。A选项manipulate“操纵，控制”；B选项regulate“调节，管理”;C选项dominate“控制，支配”；D选项prevail“盛行，战胜”；空格前的“legislations法规”是这个动词的逻辑主语，所以跟“法规”搭配应该是B选项。

10.单选题

Aswithanysubject,peoplelearnfasterwhenconcentrationishighandwe’reactivelyinterestedinlearning.Beinginterestedandrelaxedhelpstoo.Inintenselyverbalcoursestheteachersaremosteffectivewhentheyactasafacilitator.Theirprimetaskistograbattention,helpmakesurethattheactivitiesareinterestingandprovidebackgroundinformation,whichhelpsstudentstoactivelyparticipateinthelessonandplanandimplementeffective,complementaryhomestudyprograms.Thestudentisresponsibleforkeepinghimselforherself“UnderPressure”inthewaysmentionedabove.Ofcoursethisrequiresthatstudentsunderstandthetypesofpressuretheyshouldtakeuponthemselvesandwhentobackoff.Imposedpressureisdifferentinqualitytoself-imposedpressure,anditisthelatterwhichisappropriateforadultlearners,andchildrentoo,Isuspect.

Inthetypicalactivelyverballanguageclass,understandingoftheprocessesneededforeffectivelanguageacquisitionisnecessarilyinferredbythestudents.Communicatingclearlywitheveryoneintheclassisdifficultenough,sotalkingaboutwhyanactivityisusefulisquitelikelytoconfuseandbemuseratherthanenlightenstudentsinalanguagecourse.Forthisreasontransparent,open-endedactivitieswithcleartaskgoalsformthefoundationofanyintenselyverbalcourse.Inotherwords,shortdemonstrationsarefollowedbypairandgroupworkdoingthedemonstratedactivityanditisuptothestudentstomakesuretheyinvolvethemselveswhiletheteacheristryingtotargettheactivitiessotheyareappropriate,allowingthestudentstodiscoverforthemselveswaysinwhichtheactivityhelpsachievetheirlanguagetarget.Makingactivitiesappropriateisthekey,meaningthatstudentsshouldbeabletoquicklyrealizethattheycanvaryandextendwhattheyaredoing—thattheexampleisastartingpoint,notaprescriptivepatternbutaworkingstartpointwhichpointstheminadirectionofexploration.

1.Whatdoyouthinktheauthorhasmostprobablytalkedaboutpreviously,accordingtothepassage?

2.Whenteachersarementionedtoactasafacilitator,theyshouldbeacting（）.

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsdoyouthinkthatthewriterwillagreeto?

4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothewriterofthispassage?

5.Whatdoestheword“transparent”(Para.2,line4)mean?

问题1选项

A.Howtolearnfasterthanothers.

B.Howtodealwithpressure.

C.Whattodowithinterestingsubject.

D.Howtorelaxoneselfwhilestudying.

问题2选项

A.easily

B.familiarly

C.fast

D.helpfully

问题3选项

A.Weshouldnotexertpressureuponourselves,ifpossible.

B.Imposedpressureandself-imposedpressureareappropriate.

C.Imposedpressuremaynotbehelpfulinlearningthings.

D.Adultsaswellaschildrenneedcertainpressurefromoutside.

问题4选项

A.Studentsshouldlearnverballybythemselvesinclass.

B.Studentsshouldbeencouragedtofollowexamples.

C.Studentsshouldunderstandallthedemonstrations.

D.Studentsshouldtargettheiractivitiesandachievethem.

问题5选项

A.opaque

B.unmistakable

C.vague

D.questionable

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:B

【解析】1.【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章首段中“Thestudentisresponsibleforkeepinghimselforherself‘UnderPressure’inthewaysmentionedabove.”，中文翻译为：学生负责通过上面提及的方式来让自己处在压力下。可知B选项“如何应对压力”正确。

2.【试题解析】细节事实题。由题干可以定位到原文第一段“Theirprimetaskistograbattention,helpmakesurethattheactivitiesareinterestingandprovidebackgroundinformation”，中文翻译为：老师的主要任务是抓住学生的注意力，帮助确保学习活动是有趣的和提供背景信息。可知，D项“有用地”正确。

3.【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干可以定位到原文第一段中“Imposedpressureisdifferentinqualitytoself-imposedpressure,anditisthelatterwhichisappropriateforadultlearners,andchildrentoo,Isuspect.”中文翻译为：我猜想，被强加的压力在质量上与自我施加的压力不同，且对成年和儿童学习者都合适的是后者。因此C选项“被强加的压力在学习东西上可能是没有帮助的”正确。

4.【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干可以定位到原文倒数第一段中“…thattheexampleisastartingpoint,notaprescriptivepatternbutaworkingstartpointwhichpointstheminadirectionofexploration.”中文翻译为：这个例子是一个起点，不是一个指定的模式，而是一个可行的起点，它向他们（即学生）指明了探索的方向。可以得知B选项“学生应该被鼓励去跟随例子”正确。

5.【试题解析】词汇题。A:opaque“不透明的”；B:unmistakable“透明的；显然的；坦率的；易懂的”；C:vague“模糊的；不明确的；暧昧的”；D:questionable“可疑的；有问题的”。对应原文倒数第一段中“open-endedactivitieswithcleartaskgoals”，中文翻译为：有着清楚的任务目标的开放式活动。因此可以推测出B选项正确。

11.单选题

Inthepastfortyyears,weatherforecastinghasbecomealmost（）computerized.

问题1选项

A.centrally

B.totally

C.nationally

D.extremely

【答案】B

【解析】考查副词辨析。A选项centrally“在中心”；B选项totally“完全地”；C选项nationally“全国性地”D选项extremely“非常，极其”。句意：在过去的四十年里，天气预报已经几乎完全计算机化了。因此B项符合句意。

12.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.

TherewardofforesightforthisnationisgreatandeasilyforetolD.Buttheremustbethelookahead,theremustbearealizationofthefactthattowaste,todestroy,ournaturalresources,toskinandexhaustthelandinsteadofusingitsoastoincreaseitsusefulness,willresultinundermininginthedaysofourchildrentheveryprosperitywhichweoughtbyrighttohanddowntothemamplifiedanddeveloped.

Optimismisagoodcharacteristic,butifcarriedtoanexcessitbecomesfoolishness.Wearepronetospeakoftheresourcesofthiscountryasinexhaustible;thisisnotso.Themineralwealthofthecountry,thecoal,iron,oil,gas,andthelike,doesnotreproduceitselfandthereforeiscertaintobeexhaustedultimately;andwastefulnessindealingwithittodaymeansthatourdescendantswillfeeltheexhaustionagenerationortwobeforetheyotherwisewould.

【答案】对这个国家来说，远见的回报是巨大的而且很容易预测。但是，我们必须向前看，而且必须认识到一个事实：如果浪费、破坏我们的自然资源，挖掘和消耗我们的土地，而不是增加土地的利用率，那么，这将破坏我们理应传给后代的成熟且发展的繁荣。

乐观主义是一个好的性格特征，但是如果过于乐观就是愚蠢。我们喜欢说我国的资源取之不尽、用之不竭，但是情况并非如此。国家的矿藏如煤、铁、石油、天然气等都不能再生，因此终将枯竭。现在浪费将意味着我们的后代比正常情况提前一或二代就感到资源的枯竭。

13.单选题

MariaChapmanwrotemany（）condemningslaveryatthattime.

问题1选项

A.prescriptions

B.directories

C.booklets

D.prototypes

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项prescriptions“处方；药方”；B选项directories“目录；名录”；C选项booklets“小册子”；D选项prototypes“原型；雏形”。句意：玛丽亚•查普曼写了许多……，谴责当时的奴隶制度。根据动词wrote“写”，可知空格内应填入与文章类有关的单词，因此可以排除A，B，D选项。后面的condemningslaveryatthattime“谴责当时的奴隶制度”做后置定语，可译为写了很多谴责当时的奴隶制度的小册子。因此C选项符合题意。

14.单选题

Whathesaidinthemeeting（）everybodypresent.

问题1选项

A.repelled

B.dismissed

C.disposed

D.eliminated

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项repel“抵制，使厌恶”；B选项dismiss“解散，不予考虑”；C选项dispose“处理，处置”；D选项eliminate“消除，排除”。句意：他说的话令在场的所有人厌恶。由选项意思和句意可知，A选项符合句意。

15.单选题

Iamnotcertain（）totake.

问题1选项

A.inrespecttowhichcourses

B.aboutwhichcourses

C.astothechoiceofwhichcourses

D.forwhichcoursesIam

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。becertainabout“对……有把握；确信”。句意：我不确定该选哪些课程。因此B选项正确。

16.单选题

Almostsinceitsinception,Israelhasbeeninconflict.WhatroledoeswarplayinshapingtheJewishstates’identity?

I'monthiswhirlwindtouroftheHolyLandcourtesyofBirthright,afoundationthatofferseveryAmericanwithJewishheritageafreetriptoIsrael.Theonlyrequirementsarethatyou’rebetweentheagesof18and26andyouhaveatleastoneJewishparent.That'sit.Birthrightgivesyouanall-expensespaidtour(I'mtalkingairfare,food,accommodation,everything)aroundIsraeltolearnaboutthecountryanditscomplicatedpastandprecariousfuture.

IwentintomytriptoIsraelaveritablecleanstate,ashelteredgirlfromsmall-townNevadawithnostrongpoliticalconvictions.Anagnosticinfaithandinlife.AtthispointinmylifeIdon'tfollowJudaismoranyreligionforthatmatter.Culturally,I’mkindofwhatever,celebratingChristmasandGroundhogDayandanyotherholidaythatseemslikefun.Ididn’tknowmuchaboutIsraelisasapeople,andknewhardlyanythingaboutthepoliticsoftheregion.

PmonabusinIsraelleavingtheairport.It'sveryearlyinthemorning.Thedayisalreadysohotyoucanseewavesofheatshimmeringoffthehighway.IfeellikeIalwaysdoatthestartofagreatadventure:jetlagged,thirsty,excited.ThebuildingsofTelAvivaregettingsmallerthefurtherwedrive.

Ourtourguide,hisnameisEitan,istalkingintoamicrophone.“Asweheadoutofthecityyou’llseealotofcountryside,”hesays,hisblueeyesgazingfondlyoutthewindowathisadoptedhomeland(EitanisAmerican,yousee,andhehas“madealiyah，’’ortakenIsraelashishomelandandchosenaHebrewname).

“Israelisnotalldesertlikeyoumighthavethought.”Ipayattentionnow,becausethisiswhatIdidinfactthink.“Lookatthatfieldofsunflowers,forexample."

Ilookoutthewindowtomyleftandseethetallyellowflowers.I’mthinkingtheyare

prettyandpicturesque,thenEitansays,“Don’ttheylooklikeproudsoldierslinedupreadyforbattle?"

Itwon'toccurtomeuntilmuchlater,whenmyten-daytouraroundIsraelisfinishedandI’mbackinthesafetyofmypredictable,air-conditionedAmericanlife,thatthiscommentrepresentstwothingsI’vecometounderstandaboutIsraelanditspeople.One:Israelisaredeterminedtoshowtheworldtheircountryisbeautiful,notjustbombsandproblems.Two:Theyhaveanunwaveringbeliefintheirrighttobelongasanationandtheirrighttodefendit.Conclusion:WhereAmericansseesunflowers,Israelisseesoldiers.

Icameoutofmytripwithdatesandhistoryandpassionatespeechesrattlingaroundinmyhead,lesssurethaneverwhoshouldhaverightful“ownership”oftheland.

1.AfreetriptoIsraelisofferedtoeveryyoungAmericanwithJewishheritageinorderforthem（

）.

2.By“IwentintomytriptoIsraelaveritableslate”,theauthorimpliesthatshewentintoIsrael

（

）.

3.Thesentence,“WhereAmericansseesunflowers,Israelisseesoldiers”,suggeststhatsubconsciously

（

）.

4.Ascanbeinferredfromthepassage,theauthorfindsherten-daytouraroundIsrael（

）.

问题1选项

A.tofindoutwhatroleswarplaysinshapingtheJewishstates’identity

B.toseealotofprettyandpicturesquecountrysidesceneryoutofthecity

C.tolearnaboutthecountryanditscomplicatedpastandprecariousfuture

D.tosavethemtheexpensesoneverythingincludingairfare,food,accommodation

问题2选项

A.open-minded,withoutanyrestrictionsofconventionalideas

B.simple-minded,withoutanythoughtofthepurposeofthetrip

C.empty-minded,withoutmuchknowledgeaboutIsraelisasapeople

D.pure-minded,withoutanypolitical,religiousandculturalinclination

问题3选项

A.IsraelishaveanunrealisticcastofmindasapeoplewithJewishheritage

B.Israelisareverypatrioticandalwaysreadytodefendtheirrighttobelong

C.IsraelisaremuchmoreimaginativethanAmericansaboutthingsinnature

D.Israelisaresopanic-strickenbywarthattheymistakesunflowersforsoldiers

问题4选项

A.meaninglessandboring

B.adventurousandthrilling

C.incredibleandbewildering

D.impressiveandrewarding

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:D

【解析】1.细节事实题。本题询问给每一个至少父母中的一方是犹太人的年轻的美国人一次免费去以色列的旅行的目的是什么。根据原文“That’sit.Birthrightgivesyouanall-expensespaidtour(I'mtalkingairfare,food,accommodation,everything)aroundIsraeltolearnaboutthecountryanditscomplicatedpastandprecariousfuture.就是这样。“与生俱来的权利”让你可以免费游览以色列(我指的是机票、食物、住宿等等)，了解这个国家及其复杂的过去和不稳定的未来。”可知C选项‘旅行的目的就是让更多人了解以色列复杂的历史和未知的将来’正确。

2.句义推测题。本题询问通过这句话作者想表达的意思。IwentintomytriptoIsraelaveritablecleanstate句意为“我走进了以色列，一个名副其实的干净的国家”。这句话应放到文中更好理解，通过后面的“ashelteredgirlfromsmall-townNevadawithnostrongpoliticalconviction.她来自内华达州的一个小镇，没有强烈的政治信念。”明确指出不含任何政治倾向，所以D选项“天真的思想，不含任何政治、宗教和文化信仰”正确。

3.句义推测题。根据原文“One:Israelisaredeterminedtoshowtheworldtheircountryisbeautiful,notjustbombsandproblems.Two:Theyhaveanunwaveringbeliefintheirrighttobelongasanationandtheirrighttodefendit.Conclusion:WhereAmericansseesunflowers,Israelisseesoldiers.一、以色列想向这个世界展示它是美丽的，而不只是炸弹和困难；二、他们对他们属于这个国家和有权捍卫国家的权利有着坚定不移的信念。”综合分析可知，这句话“美国人明明看到的是向日葵，以色列人却看到的是士兵”是突出以色列人的爱国之心，他们时刻保卫着自己的领土和权利，所以B选项‘以色列人非常爱国，随时准备捍卫他们的归属权利’正确。

4.推理判断题。本题询问作者认为自己的以色列十天游的感受如何。A选项意为“无意义和无聊的”；B选项意为“冒险的和刺激的”；C选项意为“令人难以置信和扑朔迷离的”；D选项意为“影响深刻且受益匪浅的”。根据原文最后一段内容"Icameoutofmytripwithdatesandhistoryandpassionatespeechesrattlingaroundinmyhead,lesssurethaneverwhoshouldhaverightful'ownership,oftheland.旅行结束后，我脑子里满是日期、历史和激动人心的演讲，比以往任何时候都不确定谁应该拥有这片土地的合法所有权。”确定D选项正确。

17.单选题

（）asitwasatsuchatime,hisworkattractedmuchattention.

问题1选项

A.Beingpublished

B.Published

C.Publishing

D.Tobepublished

【答案】B

【解析】语法题。考查倒装句。前后句子是转折关系，“…asitwasatsuchatime”为as引导的倒装句作让步状语从句，因此as前应该是动词publish的过去分词形式，故选B。句意：尽管在如此一个时间被出版，但是他的作品却引起了很多关注。

18.单选题

Herlecturecoveredawide（）oftopics,rangingfromtheheatedcontroversytoacademicreflection.

问题1选项

A.extent

B.range

C.collection

D.number

【答案】B

【解析】句意:她的演讲涉及从激烈的争论到学术反思的广泛话题。

考查名词辨析。extent范围；程度（尤指事物延展的范围、高度或距离）；range范围；幅度（尤指认知、知识、经验或能力方面的范围）;collection采集;收集;number数字;号码。这里选择B项比较合适，awiderangeoftopics表示“广泛话题”。

19.单选题

Gravitycausedbillionsofatomstocoalesceintoasinglelumpofrock.

问题1选项

A.reform

B.converge

C.congregate

D.ascent

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。题干coalesce“合并；联合”。A项“改革，改进”，B项“汇集；聚集；会合”，指人聚集，也指江河等的汇集；C项“群集；聚集”一般指人的聚集，D项“上升；升高”。结合句意：重力使数十亿个原子聚结成一块岩石，故选B。

20.单选题

Thereareavarietyofwaystothinkabouttheself.Twoofthemostwidelyusedtermsareself-conceptandself-esteem.Self-conceptgenerallyreferstothetotalityofacomplex,organized,anddynamicsystemoflearnedbeliefs,attitudesandopinionsthatpeopleholdaboutthemselves,whileself-esteemgenerallyreferstohowwefeelaboutorhowwevalueourselves.Thereisagreatdealofresearchwhichshowsthattheself-conceptis,perhaps,thebasisforallmotivatedbehavior.Itistheself-conceptthatgivesrisetopossibleselves,anditispossibleselvesthatcreatethemotivationforbehavior.Self-conceptisrelatedtoself-esteeminthatpeoplewhohavegoodself-esteemhaveacleardifferentiatedself-concept.Whenpeopleknowthemselves,theycanmaximizeoutcomesbecausetheyknowthatwhattheycanandcannotdo.Itwouldsee,then,thatonewaytoimpactself-esteemistoobeythesomewhatoutwornclineof“Knowtheyself.”

Thereareseveraldifferentcomponentsofself-concept:physical,academic,socialandtranspersonal.Thephysicalaspectofself-conceptrelatestothatwhichisconcrete:whatwelooklike,oursex,height,weight,andwhatkindofclotheswewear.Ouracademicself-conceptrelatestohowwellwedoinschoolorhowwellwelearn.Thesocialself-conceptdescribeshowwerelatetootherpeopleandthetranspersonalself-conceptdescribeshowwerelatetoothersupernaturalorunknownonanemotionalorspirituallevel.

Thoughself-reflection,peopleoftencometoviewthemselvesinanew,morepowerfulway,anditisthroughthisnew,morepowerwayofviewingtheselfthatpeoplecandeveloppossibleselves.Wedevelopandmaintainourself-conceptbytakingactionandthenreflectingonwhatwehavedoneandwhatotherstellusaboutwhatwehavedone.Wereflectincomparisontoourexpectationsandtheexceptionsofothersandtothecharacteristicsandaccomplishmentsofothers.Self-concept,thusisnotinnate,butisdevelopedbytheindividualthroughinteractionwiththeenvironmentandreflectingonthatinteraction.Thisdynamicaspectofself-conceptisimportantbecauseitindicatesthatitcanbemodifiedorchanged.

1.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat（）.

2.Theauthor’sattitudetowardstheideasof“knowthemselves”is（）.

3.Onecanconcludefromthetextthatbydevelopinggoodself-esteempeoplecan（）.

4.Whichofthefollowingwouldbeidentifiedastranspersonalself-concept?

5.Themostappropriatetitleforthetextwouldbe（）.

问题1选项

A.theauthorbelievesmostbehaviorislearned,notinnate

B.theauthordoesn'tbelievethatone'sself-conceptcanchange

C.self-conceptandself-esteemareoftenmistakenforeachother

D.theauthorhasdoubtsabouttheideathatself-conceptsisthebasisforbehavior

问题2选项

A.critical

B.positive

C.neutral

D.mixed

问题3选项

A.improvetheirinteractionsimmensely

B.beginimprovingtheirbehavior

C.begintodevelopaclearself-concept

D.correctdeficienciesintheircharacter

问题4选项

A.Ourconceptofhowinterestedandwellwestudysupernaturaltopics.

B.Ourknowledgeofourstrangeintuitionaboutpeoples'feelings.

C.Ourunderstandingofhowwerelatetoagodwebelievein.

D.Ourunderstandingofourrelationshipwithotherpeople.

问题5选项

A.TheCharacteristicsofSelf-Concept

B.TheChangeabilityofSelf-Concept

C.Self-ConceptandSelf-Esteem

D.NewResearchonSelf-Concepts

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:1.根据原文第一段中说到theself-conceptis,perhaps,thebasisforallmotivatedbehavior.（自我概念也许是所有动机行为的基础），最后一段，作者再提到

Self-concept,thusisnotinnate（因此，自我概念不是天生的），由此可知，大多数的行为都是习得的，并非与生俱来。因此A选项正确。

2.根据最后一段的第一句“...itisthroughthisnew,morepowerwayofviewingtheselfthatpeoplecandeveloppossibleselves.”可知，作者认为，只有了解了自己，人们才能发展出潜在的自我。所以作者对此的态度是正面的，积极的。选项B正确。

3.根据第一段“Self-conceptisrelatedtoself-esteeminthatpeoplewhohavegoodself-esteemhaveacleardifferentiatedself-concept.”可知，选项C正确。

4.根据第二段的最后一句“thetranspersonalself-conceptdescribeshowwerelatetoothersupernaturalorunknownonanemotionalorspirituallevel.”超个人自我概念描述了我们如何在情感或精神层面与其他超自然或未知的事物相处。选项C符合原文。

5.根据原文可知，本文主要是讲自我概念的特征。选项A更符合要求。其他三个选项都只是文中的一部分。

第2题:

第3题:

第4题:

第5题:

21.单选题

Formerly,calciumandvitaminDwerefrequentlyaddedtoenrichedbread,but______consumerdemandandquestionablenutritionalbenefitledtogradualphasingoutoftheseenrichments.

问题1选项

A.lackof

B.lackingof

C.lackedof

D.lack

【答案】A

【解析】考查句子结构和lack的用法。lack作动词时，后面直接加宾语，作名词通常和of连用。句意：以前，钙和维他命D常常被加入面包丰富其营养，但由于缺乏消费者需求和令人可疑的营养益处导致这些面包逐渐被淘汰。根据句意A项正确。

22.单选题

Hisworkshedprovocativeyetnecessarylightonanimportantwaytoslowthespreadofthisvirus.

问题1选项

A.provisional

B.seductive

C.disturbing

D.insulting

【答案】C

【解析】形容词辨析。句意:他的工作就是着手放缓这种病毒的传播。

provisional:临时的,暂定的。seductive:诱人的，有魅力的。disturbing：干扰的，令人