考研考博-英语-吉林电子信息职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-吉林电子信息职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

WhenIsaidgoodbyetoher,she______thedoor.

问题1选项

A.sawmeat

B.setmeoff

C.sentmeto

D.showedmeto

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。A项seemeat没有这个结构，B项setsb.off“使某人开始做某事”，C项sendsb.to“把某人送到某地”，D项showsb.tothedoor“把某人送到门口”。结合句子的意思可知D项符合语境。句意：当我向她说再见时，她把我送到门口。因此，该题选择D项正确。

2.单选题

Therainwassoheavythatthemanwaswettotheskin;hiswholebodywas（

）andtrembling.

问题1选项

A.stiff

B.straight

C.steady

D.hard

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：雨太大，这个人身上已经湿了；他整个身子僵硬并且在瑟瑟发抖。stiff“僵硬的”；straight“直率的；笔直的”；steady“稳定的”；hard“坚硬的”。根据句意，选项A符合题意。

3.单选题

Suchasanguineconclusionmayseemoddatatimewhenfuriousargumentsarenodoubtragingbehindthescenes.

问题1选项

A.puissant

B.sapient

C.propitious

D.berserk

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项puissant“强大的，强盛的；有势力的，有权力的”；B选项sapient“聪明的；伶俐的；装聪明样的；有见识的”；C选项propitious“适合的；有利的；顺利的”；D选项berserk“狂怒的，失控的：（激动得）控制不住的”。句意：在激烈的争论毫无疑问正在幕后肆虐之际，这样一个乐观的结论可能显得有些奇怪。sanguine“乐观的；满怀希望的；面色红润的”，C选项与该词意思最相近，因此C选项正确。

4.单选题

Accordingtothe“Geneva（）’’noprisonersofwarshallbesubjecttoabuse.

问题1选项

A.Customs

B.Congresses

C.Conventions

D.Routines

【答案】C

【解析】固定用法。GenevaConventions指的是“日内瓦公约”。

5.单选题

Sincetheearlynineties,thetrendinmostbusinesseshasbeentowardon-demandalways-availableproductsandservicesthatsuitthecustomer's（

）ratherthanthecompany's.

问题1选项

A.benefit

B.availability

C.suitability

D.convenience

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。benefit“好处”；availability“可用性，有效性”；suitability“合适性”；convenience“方便，便利”。句意：自上世纪90年代初以来，大多数企业的趋势一致是按需提供随时可用的产品和服务，以满足客户的方便，而不是公司的方便。产品和服务对于客户来说是提供了便利，故D项符合题意。

6.填空题

MrAmescan’tcometothephone.He’stalkingtoaclientatthe（1）.

Couldyoucall（2）

（3）twentyminutes?

【答案】1.moment

2.back

3.in

【解析】1.固定搭配。Atthemoment现在。

2.固定搭配。Callback回电话。

3.语义题。此处表示二十分钟后。

7.单选题

Justasthescientist’sclaimsaboutcloningwereproventobe______andunlikely,sotoowerethemethodsusedtoarriveatthemfoundtobe______andriddledwithfundamentallapsesinthescientificmethod.

问题1选项

A.implausible…erroneous

B.acrimonious…redundant

C.esoteric…lackadaisical

D.articulate…unwarranted

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.implausible…erroneous难以置信的……错误的B.acrimonious…redundant讥讽的，尖刻的……多余的，过剩的

C.esoteric…lackadaisical深奥难懂的……懒洋洋的，无精打采的D.articulate…unwarranted发音清楚的，口才好的……无根据的，无保证的

【答案】A

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】第一个空格处和unlikely（不可能的）并列的，所以推测该空格与unlikely意思相近，选项中implausible符合句意；第二个空格根据后面的riddledwithfundamentallapsesinthescientificmethod（充斥着科学方法的根本性失误）可知，该空格表示“错误的”。因此，该题选择A项符合句意。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D项不符合句意。

【句意】正如科学家所说的那样，克隆被证明是难以置信的和不可能的，克隆过程中用到的偏离科学的基本方法也是错误的。

8.单选题

Theeconomicrecessionhasmeantthatjob（）isararething.

问题1选项

A.security

B.safety

C.protectionfor

D.secureness

【答案】A

【解析】句意:这场经济衰退己经意味着工作保障是罕见的事情。

考查名词辨析。security安全，保障；safety安全，保险;protection保护，防卫;secureness安全，（船）停泊，固定。因此A符合句意。

9.翻译题

Deepeneducationalcooperationinanall-roundwaytopromotelong-termdevelopment.Educationisfundamentaltoacountry’senduringprosperity.Itisnecessaryforusalltointensifyexchangesandcooperationbetweeneducationalandacademicinstitutions,expandlinkagesbetweeninstitutionsofhigherlearningandcarryoutyouth,culturalandsportsexchangesindiverseforms.Inparticular,weshouldincreaseeducationalassistancetolessdevelopedcountries,promotetwo-wayflowofeducationalresourcesandraisetheeducationallevelofourregion.

Strengtheninternationalcooperationindisasterreductionandreliefinthespiritofhelpingthoseinneedandassistingthoseindifficulty.Asnaturaldisastersknownonationalboundaries,theymustbemanagedbycooperativeefforts.Inrecentyears,wehavelaidagoodfoundationofcooperationinrespondingtothesuddenstrikeoftheIndianOceanearthquakeandtsunamiandothermajordisasters.Weshouldstepupcooperationindevelopingadisasterearly-warningsystem,sharingdisasterinformationandreductiontechnologyandenhancingdisasterreductioncapacitybuildingtobringaboutharmonybetweensocialandeconomicdevelopmentandthepreservationofnaturalresourcesandtheecologicalenvironment.

【答案】【参考译文】全面深化教育合作以促进长期发展。教育是一个国家长治久安的基础。我们都有必要去加强教育和学术机构之间的交流与合作，扩大高等院校之间的联系并以多种形式开展青年、文化和体育交流。我们尤其应该增加对欠发达国家的教育援助，促进教育资源的双向流动并提高我们的教育水平。

本着助危为安的精神，加强国际减灾救灾合作。自然灾害无国界，应对自然灾害需要各方共同的努力。近年来，我们在应对印度洋大地震、海啸和其他重大灾害的突然袭击中已经奠定了一个良好的合作基础。我们应加强灾害预警系统建设、灾害信息和减灾技术共享、减灾能力建设等方面的合作，实现经济社会发展与自然资源和生态环境保护的和谐统一。

10.单选题

Accordingtoanthropologists,peopleinpreindustrialsocietiesspent3to4hoursperdayorabout20hoursperweekdoingtheworknecessaryforlife.Modemcomparisonsoftheamountofworkperformedperweek,however,beginwiththeIndustrialRevolution(1760—1840)when10to12-hourworkdayswithsixworkdaysperweekwerethenorm.Evenwithextensivetimedevotedtowork,however,bothincomesandstandardsoflivingwerelow.AsincomesroseneartheendoftheIndustrialRevolution,itbecameincreasinglycommontotreatSaturdayafternoonasahalf-dayholiday.ThehalfholidayhadbecomestandardpracticeinBritainbythe1870’s，butdidnotbecomecommonintheUnitedStatesuntilthe1920’s.

IntheUnitedStates,thefirstthirdofthetwentiethcenturysawtheworkweekmovefrom60hoursperweektojust50hoursbythestartofthe1930’s.In1914HenryFordreduceddailyworkhoursathisautomobileplantsfrom9to8.In1926heannouncedthathenceforthhisfactorieswouldclosefortheentiredayonSaturday.Atthetime,FordreceivedcriticismfromotherfirmssuchasUnitedStatesSteelandWestinghouse,buttheideawaspopularwithworkers.

TheDepressionyearsofthe1930’sbroughtwiththemthenotionofjobsharingtospreadavailableworkaround;theworkweekdroppedtoamodemlowfortheUnitedStatesof35hours.In1938theFairLaborStandardsActmandatedaweeklymaximumof40hourstobeginin1940，andsincethattimethe8-hourday,5-dayworkweekhasbeenthestandardintheUnitedStates.Adjustmentsinvariousplaces,however,showthatthisstandardisnotimmutable.In1987,forexample,Germanmetalworkersstruckforandreceiveda37.5-hourworkweek,andin1990manyworkersinBritainwona37-hourweek.Since1989,theJapanesegovernmenthasmovedfroma6-toa5-dayworkweekandhassetanationaltargetof1,800workhoursperyearfortheaverageworker.TheaverageamountofworkperyearinJapanin1989was2,088hoursperworker,comparedto1,957fortheUnitedStatesand1,646forFrance.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

2.Comparedtopreindustrialtimes,thenumberofhoursintheworkweekinthenineteenthcentury（）.

3.WhatisonereasonforthechangeinthelengthoftheworkweekfortheaverageworkerintheUnitedStatesduringthe1930’s?

4.WhichofthefollowingismentionedasoneofthepurposesoftheFairLaborStandardsActof1938?

问题1选项

A.Whypeopleinpreindustrialsocietiesworkedfewhoursperweek.

B.Changesthathaveoccurredinthenumberofhoursthatpeopleworkperweek.

C.Acomparisonofthenumberofhoursworkedperyearinseveralindustries.

D.WorkingconditionsduringtheIndustrialRevolution.

问题2选项

A.remainedconstant

B.decreasedslightly

C.decreasedsignificantly

D.increasedsignificantly

问题3选项

A.Severalpeoplesometimessharedasinglejob.

B.LaborstrikesinseveralcountriesinfluencedlaborpolicyintheUnitedStates

C.Severalcorporationsincreasedthelengthoftheworkweek.

D.TheUnitedStatesgovernmentinstituteda35-hourworkweek

问题4选项

A.Todiscourageworkersfromaskingforincreasedwages.

B.Toestablishalimitonthenumberofhoursintheworkweek.

C.Toallowemployerstosetthelengthoftheworkweekfortheirworkers.

D.Torestricttradewithcountriesthathadalongworkweek.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:B

【解析】1.主旨题。根据文章第一段，作者主要对工业化前后，人们工作时间的变化。选项B符合题意。

2.细节理解题。根据文章第一段，工业革命前，人们每天花三到四个小时来完成生活必需的劳动，到了现代，人们每周需要工作六天，每天工作十到十二小时，可以得出，工作时间是不断增长的。选项D符合题意。

3.细节理解题。根据文章第三段，“TheDepressionyearsofthe1930’sbroughtwiththemthenotionofjobsharingtospreadavailableworkaround”，工作的大萧条时代到来，使他们有了工作分担的想法，所以有时候几个人会同事做同样的工作。选项A符合题意。

4.细节理解题。根据最后一段，“In1938theFairLaborStandardsActmandatedaweeklymaximumof40hourstobeginin1940，andsincethattimethe8-hourday,5-dayworkweekhasbeenthestandardintheUnitedStates.”，8小时5天的工作制就开始了，选项B符合题意。

11.单选题

Hydrogenisoneofthemostimportantelementsintheuniverse（

）itprovidesthebuildingblocksfromwhichtheotherelementsareproduced.

问题1选项

A.sothat

B.butthat

C.providedthat

D.inthat

【答案】D

【解析】【试题解析】考查语法结构。这里的空格考查前后两个句子之间的关系。根据后面句子的意思“itprovidesthebuildingblocksfromwhichtheotherelementsareproduced它提供了其他元素赖以产生的建构框架”，可知它表示的是前面句子的原因。这里选项D“inthat因为”适合前后句子语境意思，句意为：氢是宇宙中最重要的元素之一，因为它提供了其他元素赖以产生的建构框架。D为正确答案。

12.单选题

Oursisasocietythattriestokeeptheworldsharplydividedintomasculineandfeminine,notbecausethatisthewaytheworldis,butbecausethatisthewaywebelieveitshouldbe.Ittakesunwaveringbeliefandconsiderableefforttokeepthisdivision.Italsoleadsustomakesomefairlyfoolishjudgments,particularlyaboutlanguage.

Becausewethinkthatlanguagealsoshouldbedividedintomasculineandfemininewehavebecomeveryskilledatignoringanythingthatwillnotfitourpreconceptions.Wewouldratherchangewhatwehearthanchangeourideasaboutthegenderdivisionoftheworld.Wewillcallassertivegirlsunfeminine,andsupportiveboyseffeminate,andtrytochangethemwhilestillretainingourstereotypesofmasculineandfemininetalk.

Thisiswhysomeresearchonsexdifferencesandlanguagehasbeensointeresting.Itisanillustrationofhowwrongwecanbe.Ofthemanyinvestigatorswhosetouttofindthestereotypedsexdifferencesinlanguage,fewhavehadanypositiveresults.Itseemsthatourimagesofserioustaciturn(沉默的)malespeakersandgossipygarrulous(饶舌)femalespeakersarejustthat:images.

Manymythsassociatedwithmasculineandfemininetalkhavehadtobediscardedasmoreresearchhasbeenundertaken.Iffemalesdousemoretrivialwordsthanmales,stoptalkinginmid-sentence,ortalkaboutthesamethingsoverandoveragain,theydonotdoitwheninvestigatorsarearound.

Noneofthesecharacteristicsoffemalespeechhavebeenfound.Andevenwhensexdifferenceshavebeenfound,thequestionarisesastowhetherthedifferenceisintheeye-orear-ofthebeholder,ratherthaninthelanguage.

Pitchprovidesoneexample.Webelievethatmalesweremeanttotalkinlowpitchedvoicesandfemalesinhighpitchedvoices.Wealsobelievethatlowpitchismoredesirable.Well,ithasbeenfoundthatthisdifferencecannotbeexplainedbyanatomy.

Ifmalesdonotspeakinhighpitchedvoices,itisnotusuallybecausetheyareunabletodoso.Thereasonismorelikelytobethattherearepenalties.Maleswithhighpitchedvoicesareoftentheobjectofridicule.Butpitchisnotanabsolute,forwhatisconsideredtherightpitchformalesvariesfromcountrytocountry.

1.Thepassageimpliesthattheauthor’sattitudetowardsthedivisionoffemininetalkandmasculinetalkis______.

2.Whatdoestheword“effeminate”(Para2)mean?

3.Theauthorusespitchasanexampleinordertoindicate______.

4.WhichofthefollowingdoesNOTbelongtothestereotypeoffemininetalk?

5.Malesdonotspeakloudlybecause______.

问题1选项

A.assertive

B.snobbish

C.approving

D.critical

问题2选项

A.Unfeminine.

B.Powerful.

C.Obedient.

D.Unmasculine.

问题3选项

A.thatpitchisnotagoodexampletoexplainthesexdifferencesinlanguage

B.thatmalesshouldtalkinlowpitchedvoicesandfemalesinhighpitchedvoices

C.thatsexdifferencesinlanguagecannotbewellillustrated

D.thatsexdifferenceslieineyeorearofthebeholder,ratherthaninthelanguage

问题4选项

A.Alwaysusingtrivialwords.

B.Repeatthesamethingoverandover.

C.Stoptalkingwhenthesentenceisnotfinished.

D.Noneoftheabove.

问题5选项

A.malesareunabletodoso

B.malesareafraidofbeinglaughedat

C.highpitchisacharacteristicoffemalespeechratherthanmalespeech

D.anatomyhasprovedthatmalestendtohavelowerpitchesthanfemales

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】1.【选项释义】

1.Thepassageimpliesthattheauthor’sattitudetowardsthedivisionoffemininetalkandmasculinetalkis______.1.这篇文章暗示了作者对女性话语和男性话语划分的态度是______。

A.assertiveA.肯定的，独断的

B.snobbishB.势利的

C.approvingC.赞成的

D.criticalD.批判的

【考查点】观点态度题。

【解题思路】根据第一段最后两句“要保持这种划分，需要坚定的信念和相当大的努力（considerableeffort）。它也会让我们做出一些相当愚蠢（fairlyfoolish）的判断，尤其是在语言方面。”，从considerable和fairlyfoolish可以看出，作者对于男性和女性语言上的划分是批判的态度。因此，D项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A选项“肯定的，独断的”、B选项“势利的”曲解原文；

C选项“赞成的”与原文相反，反向干扰。

2.【选项释义】

2.Whatdoestheword“effeminate”(Para2)mean?2.第二段中的effeminate是什么意思？

A.Unfeminine.A.不像女性的。

B.Powerful.B.强大的。

C.Obedient.C.顺从的。

D.Unmasculine.D.无男子汉气概的。

【考查点】词义推测题。

【解题思路】根据effeminate定位至第二段最后一句“我们会说自信的女孩是非女性化的（unfeminine），能给予支持和帮助的男孩是effeminate，并试图改变他们，同时仍然保留我们的男性和女性谈话的刻板印象”，从中可知，effeminate与unfeminine是相对应的，自信的女生被认为是非女性化，那么能给予支持和帮助的男孩会被认为非男性化，所以推测effeminate表示“非男性化”的意思。D项符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

A选项“不像女性的”与原文相反，属于反向干扰；

B选项“强大的”、C选项“顺从的”属于曲解原文。

3.【选项释义】

3.Theauthorusespitchasanexampleinordertoindicate______.3.作者以音高为例来表示______。

A.thatpitchisnotagoodexampletoexplainthesexdifferencesinlanguageA.这个音高并不能很好地解释语言中的性别差异

B.thatmalesshouldtalkinlowpitchedvoicesandfemalesinhighpitchedvoicesB.男性应该用低音调说话，女性应该用高音调说话

C.thatsexdifferencesinlanguagecannotbewellillustratedC.语言中的性别差异无法很好地说明

D.thatsexdifferenceslieineyeorearofthebeholder,ratherthaninthelanguageD.性别差异在于观察者的眼睛或耳朵，而不是语言

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】首先，根据关键词pitch定位至倒数第二段，该段讲述了以pitch为例的内容：我们习惯认为男性是低音调，女性是高音调，但是解剖学也无法解释这种音高差异；也就是说音高中的性别差异无法很好地说明。然后看到上一段讲到“这些女性语言特征都没有被发现。即使已经发现了性别差异，问题还是出在观察者的眼睛上或者耳朵上，而不是语言上。”，可知即使知道了性别差异，也是我们的眼睛或者耳朵发现的，并不能从语言上来很好区分，作者以pitch为例就是做一个类比，所以同样地，语言中的性别差异也无法很好地说明。C项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A选项“这个音高并不能很好地解释语言中的性别差异”并不是作者以音高为例的目的，张冠李戴；

B选项“男性应该用低音调说话，女性应该用高音调说话”并不是使用音高作为例子的目的，属于曲解原文；

D选项“性别差异在于观察者的眼睛或耳朵，而不是语言”也与题干无关，张冠李戴。

4.【选项释义】

4.WhichofthefollowingdoesNOTbelongtothestereotypeoffemininetalk?4.以下哪一项不属于女性谈话的刻板印象？

A.Alwaysusingtrivialwords.A.总是使用琐碎的词汇。

B.Repeatthesamethingoverandover.B.一遍又一遍地重复同样的事情。

C.Stoptalkingwhenthesentenceisnotfinished.C.句子还没说完就停止说话。

D.Noneoftheabove.D.以上都不是。

【考查点】事实细节题。

【解题思路】根据倒数第三段第二句“如果女性确实比男性使用更多的琐碎词汇，或者在句子中间停止说话，或者一遍又一遍地谈论同样的事情，当调查人员在场时，她们就不会这样做”，以及第四段第一句“这些女性语言特征（characteristicsoffemale）都没有被发现”，综合理解可知，女性语言特征是使用更多的琐碎词汇、话没说完就停止说话和不断谈论同样的事情，这是我们对女性谈话的刻板印象。只有D项“以上都不是”明显和原文相悖，但符合题意，故选择D项。

【干扰项排除】A选项“总是使用琐碎的词汇”、B选项“一遍又一遍地重复同样的事情”、C选项“句子还没说完就停止说话”均符合原文，属于反向干扰。

5.【选项释义】

5.Malesdonotspeakloudlybecause______.5.男性不大声说话是因为______。

A.malesareunabletodosoA.男性不能这样做

B.malesareafraidofbeinglaughedatB.男性害怕被嘲笑

C.highpitchisacharacteristicoffemalespeechratherthanmalespeechC.高音是女性说话的特点，而不是男性说话的特点

D.anatomyhasprovedthatmalestendtohavelowerpitchesthanfemalesD.解剖学证明，男性的音高往往比女性低

【考查点】事实细节题。

【解题思路】根据题干定位至文章最后一段“如果男性没有高声说话，通常并不是因为他们不能这样做。原因更有可能是处罚（penalties）。嗓音尖的男性常成为嘲笑（ridicule）的对象。”，综合理解可知，男性不会高声说话的原因是他们怕被别人嘲笑，B项符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

A选项“男性不能这样做”与原文相反，属于反向干扰；

C选项“高音是女性说话的特点，而不是男性说话的特点”是男性被嘲笑的原因，而不是不能高声说话的原因，属于张冠李戴；

D选项“解剖学证明，男性的音高往往比女性低”定位至倒数第二段最后一句“人们发现这种差异无法用解剖学来解释”，其中差异指的是音高差异，可知该项属于反向干扰。

13.单选题

Inmanaginginformationresources,themediummaybethekeytoaneffectivesystem.Themediumisavehicle,atool,oracontainerforholdinginformation;theinformationitselfisthethingofvalue.

Threepopularcategoriesofinformationmediaarepaper,film，andelectronicstoragedevices.Themediachoicemustnotbeviewedasachoiceamongthesethree,however;itmustbeviewedasanopportunitytoselectfromamultitudeofmediapossibilitiesincombinationsthatbuildeffectivesystems.Inmanyinstancesthepersonresponsibleforinformation-resourcemanagementisnotthepersonwhodeterminesthemediuminwhichinformationwillbecreated.Insuchacase,themanagerofafirm’sinformationresourcesfacesachallengeinmakingasignificantcontributiontotheorganization’sobjectives.

Foreffectivemanagementofinformationresources,mediaconversionmaybenecessary.Examplesincludekeyingorscanningpaperdocumentstoconvertthemtoelectronicmedia.Otherprocessesconvertelectronicmediafromoneformattoanother.Forexample,diskfilescreatedononesystemmaynotbecompatiblewithanothersystem.Varioushardwareandsoftwarecombinationscanbeusedtoconvertfilestoformatsthatequipmentwillaccept.Forinformationgeneratedwithinorganizations,thisnecessityofmakingsystemscompatiblemaybeeliminatedbycooperativeplanning.However,verylittlecontrolcanbeexercisedoverthemediausedtogenerateinformationthatcomestoyourorganizationfromtheoutside.

Themediumforinformationmaybeselectedtosatisfyaneedthatexistswheninformationiscreatedandcommunicated.Forexample,apaperrecordmaybecreatedbecauseofitsportabilityandbecausenospecialequipmentisnecessaryforlaterreferencestothatinformation;electronictransmissionmaybeselectedbecauseitisthefastestmeansofcommunicatinginformation.Afirmmayuseelectronicmailbecauseanetworkalreadyexistsforon-linecomputercommunication.Theadditionalapplicationmaycostlessthanpostagetomailpapermemo.

1.Whichofthefollowingcanbestsumupthepassage?

2.Thefirstparagraphaimsattellingthereader（）

3.Accordingtotheauthor,（）

4.Foreffectivemanagementofinformationresources,themanagershould（）

5.Themainideaofthelastparagraphis（）

问题1选项

A.MediaSelectioninManagingInformationResources.

B.TheImportanceandNecessityofMediaConversion.

C.ThreeCategoriesofInformationMedia.

D.VariousMeansofCommunicatingInformation.

问题2选项

A.theimportanceofinformationresourcesmanagement

B.therelationshipbetweenthemediumandinformation

C.thegreatvarietyofmediaforholdinginformation

D.thenumerousresourcesofinformation

问题3选项

A.paperisthebeststoragedevice

B.peoplehavethreechoicesinselectinginformationmedium

C.itisbettertoletthepersonresponsibleforinformation-resourcemanagementdeterminethemedium

D.themanagershouldbuildaneffectivesystembyselectingagoodcombinationofdifferentmedia

问题4选项

A.convertallpaperdocumentstoelectronicmedia

B.makemediaconversionwhennecessary

C.controlthemediausedtogenerateinformationbothinsideandoutsidehisorganization

D.useoneformatinprocessinginformation

问题5选项

A.paperrecordisthemostconvenientmediumforlaterreference

B.electronicmailcostslessthanpostagetomailpapermemos

C.differentmediaforinformationmaybeselectedfordifferentpurposes

D.byusingdifferentmedia，afirmcancreatevariousinformationforitsobjectives

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】1.主旨大意题。本文主要是讲信息资源管理中的媒介选择。选项A正确，其余选项都是片面的观点。

2.细节事实题。根据第一段的内容可知：媒介是一种承载信息的载体、工具或容器；信息本身就是有价值的东西。所以本段主要是讲媒体与信息之间的关系。选项B正确。

3.细节事实题。根据第二段的第二句“Themediachoice...thatbuildeffectivesystems.”媒体的选择不能被视为这三种选择之一；它必须被视为一个机会，从众多的媒体选择的可能性组合，以建立有效的系统。选项D符合原文。

4.细节事实题。根据第三段的第一句“Foreffectivemanagementofinformationresources,mediaconversionmaybenecessary.”为了有效地管理信息资源，可能需要进行媒体转换。选项B符合原文。

5.主旨大意题。根据最后一段的第一句“Themediumforinformationmaybeselectedtosatisfyaneedthatexistswheninformationiscreatedandcommunicated.”信息媒体可能被选择，以满足在创建和传播信息时存在的需要。也就是说不同信息媒体的选择是出于不同的目的。选项C符合原文。

14.单选题

Myfatherwillbeheretomorrow,butatfirstIthoughtthathe（）today.

问题1选项

A.wascoming

B.iscoming

C.willcome

D.come

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词时态辨析。题干中的第一个分句用的是现在将来时态，第二个分句的主句用的是一般过去时态，宾语从句中应该使用表示过去将来的时态。根据语法规则，某些动词（如come，arrive，leave等）的进行时态可以表示将来。句意：我父亲明天会来，但起初我以为他今天会来。因此，根据题意和语法规则，A选项正确。

15.单选题

It’squiteobviousthattheagingpopulationinChinawillcause（

）heavypressureon（

）wholesocietyinthefuture.

问题1选项

A.a;a

B.the;/

C.a;the

D./;the

【答案】D

【解析】考查冠词用法。第一个空格后是pressure“压力”，为不可数名词，句中并不特指“压力”，因此无须使用冠词；第二空后的是wholesociety“整个社会”，应用定冠词the。因此D选项符合题意。

16.单选题

Membersofaristocracydon’t______agreatdealofpowernowadays.

问题1选项

A.wield

B.manipulated

C.manage

D.sway

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项wield“使用，行使”，B项manipulate“操纵，操作，巧妙地处理”，C项manage“管理，经营，控制”，D项sway“影响，统治，使摇动”。空格处前面有助动词do，所以后面的动词应该用动词原形，排除B选项；宾语是power，只有wieldpower“掌握权利”符合语境。句意：现在贵族成员没有多少权力。因此，该题选择A项正确。

17.单选题

Ishouldbeabletofinishthetaskontime,（）youprovidemewiththenecessaryguidance.

问题1选项

A.incase

B.providedthat

C.orelse

D.asif

【答案】B

【解析】考查条件句。前半部分说“我应该能按时完成任务”，后半部分是条件“只要你提供给我必要的指导”。A选项incase“万一”；B选项providedthat“只要”；C选项orelse“否则，要不然”；D选项asif“好像”，结合句意，只有B项符合。

18.单选题

Greenspacefacilitiesarecontributingtoanimportantextenttothequalityoftheurbanenvironment.Fortunatelyitisnolongernecessarythateverylectureeverybookaboutthissubjecthastostartwiththeproofofthisidea.Atpresentitisgenerallyaccepted,althoughmoreasaself-evidentstatementthanonthebaseofaclosely-reasonedscientificproof.Therecognitionoftheimportanceofgreenspacesintheurbanenvironmentisafirststepontherightway,thisdoesnotmean,however,thatsufficientdetailsareknownaboutthefunctionsofgreenspacesintownsandaboutthewayinwhichtheinhabitantsareusingthesespaces.AstothisrathercomplexsubjectIshall,withinthescopeofthislecture,enterintooneaspectonly,namelytherecreativefunctionofgreenspacefacilities.

Thetheoreticalseparationofliving,working,trafficandrecreationwhichformanyyearshasbeenusedintown-and-countryplanning,hasinmyopinionresultedindisproportionateattentionforformsofrecreationfarfromhome,whereastherewasrelativelylittleattentionforimprovementofrecreativepossibilitiesinthedirectneighborhoodofthehome.Wehavecometotheconclusionthatthisisnotright,becauseanimportantpartofthetimewhichwedonotpassinsleepingorworking,isusedforactivitiesatandaroundhome.Soitisobviousthatrecreationintheopenairhastobeginatthestreet-doorofthehouse.Theurbanenvironmenthastoofferasmanyrecreationactivitiesaspossible,andthedesignofthesehastobesuchthatmoreobligatoryactivitiescanalsohavearecreativeaspect.

Theverybeststandardoflivingisnothingifitisnotpossibletotakeapleasantwalkinthedistrict,ifthechildrencannotbeallowedtoplayinthestreets,becausetherisksoftrafficaretoogreat,ifduringshoppingyoucannowherefindaspotforenjoyingforamomenttheniceweather,inshort,ifyouonlyfeelyourselfathomeafterthestreet-doorofyourhouseisclosedafteryou.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,theimportanceofgreenspacesintheurbanenvironment

2.Thetheoreticalseparationofliving,working,trafficandrecreationhasledto（

）.

3.Theauthorsuggeststhattherecreativepossibilitiesofgreenspaceshouldbeprovided

4.Accordingtotheauthor,greenspacefacilitiesshouldbedesignedinsuchawaythat

5.Themainideaofthispassageisthat（

）.

问题1选项

A.isstillunknown

B.hasbeenfullyrecognized

C.isbeingcloselystudied

D.isusuallyneglected

问题2选项

A.thedisproportionofrecreationfacilitiesintheneighbourhood

B.theimprovementofrecreativepossibilitiesintheneighbourhood

C.relativelylittleattentionforrecreativepossibilities

D.thelocationofrecreationfacilitiesfarfromhome

问题3选项

A.intheneighbourhoodofthehouse

B.inthesuburbs

C.inspecialareas

D.ingardensandparks

问题4选项

A.anincreasingnumberofrecreativeactivitiesmightbedeveloped

B.moreandmorepeoplemighthaveaccesstothem

C.moreobligatoryactivitiesmighttakeonarecreativeaspect

D.recreativeactivitiesmightbebroughtintoourhomes

问题5选项

A.attentionmustbedirectedtotheimprovementofrecreativepossibilities

B.betteruseofgreenspacefacilitiesshouldbemadesoastoimprovethequalityofourlife

C.theurbanenvironmentisprovidingmorerecreationactivitiesthanitdidmanyyearsago

D.prioritymustbegiventothedevelopmentofobligatoryactivities

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】1.文章第一段atpresentitisgenerallyaccepted提到关于城市绿地的功能已经被广泛接受，所以选项B符合题意。

2.文章第二段提到这种理论区分造成了对远离家庭的休闲形式的失衡的关注，和对于生活区域附近的休闲场所发展的忽略（disproportionateattentionforformsofrecreationfarfromhome,whereastherewasrelativelylittleattentionforimprovementofrecreativepossibilitiesinthedirectneighbourhoodofthehome），由此得出这种区分导致人们把休闲设施的重点放在离家远的区域，所以选项D符合题意。

3.文章第二段soitisobviousthatrecreationintheopenairhastobeginatthestreet-doorofthehouse提到休闲设施应该先从离家近的地方开始，所以选项A符合题意。

4.文章第二段提到thedesignofthesehastobesuchthatmoreobligatoryactivitiescanalsohavearecreativeaspect，选项C符合题意。

5.文章主要讲述了如何更好地利用小区的绿地空间来增加城市居民的生活质量，选项B符合题意。

19.单选题

Overthepastcentury,allkindsofunfairnessanddiscriminationhavebeencondemnedormadeillegal.Butonepopularformcontinuestothrive:thatisalphabetism.This,forthoseasyetunawareofsuchadisadvantage,referstodiscriminationagainstthosewhosesurnamesbeginwithaletterinthelowerhalfofthealphabet.

IthaslongbeenknownthatthecarsofataxifirmcalledAAAAhaveabigadvantageoverZodiaccarswhencustomerslookthroughtheirphonedirectories.LesswellknownistheadvantagethatAdamAbbothasinlifeoverZoeZysman.Englishnamesarefairlyspreadbetweenthehalvesofthealphabet.YetasuspiciouslylargenumberoftoppeoplehavesurnamesbeginningwithlettersbetweenAandK.

ThustheAmericanpresidentsandvice-presidentshavesurnamesstartingwithBandCseparatelyand26ofGeorgeBush’spredecessors(includinghisfather)hadsurnamesinthefirsthalfofthealphabetagainstjust16inthesecondhalf.Evenmorestriking,sixofthesevenheadsofgovernmentoftheG7richcountriesarealphabeticallyadvantaged(Berlusconi,Blair,Bush,Chirac,ChretienandKoizumi).Theworld’sthreetopcentralbankers(Greenspan,DuisenbergandHayami)areallclosetothetopofthealphabet,evenifoneofthemreallyusesJapanesecharacters.Asaretheworld’sfiverichestmen(Gates,Buffet,Allen,EllisonandAlbrecht).

Canthismerelybecoincidence?Onetheory,dreamtupinallthesparetimeenjoyedbythealphabeticallydisadvantaged,isthattherotsetsinearly.Atthestartofthefirstyearininfantschool,teachersseatpupilsalphabeticallyfromthefront,tomakeiteasiertoremembertheirnames.SoshortsightedZysmanjunior