考研考博-英语-兰州石化职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-兰州石化职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Johnmade（）keysforthehouse:oneforhiswifeandoneforhimself.

问题1选项

A.deviate

B.duplicate

C.dozen

D.deliberate

【答案】B

【解析】词义辨析题。deviate偏离的；duplicate复制的；dozen一打；deliberate故意的。句意：约翰复制了两把房子的钥匙,

一把给妻子,

一把给自己。选项B符合句意。

2.单选题

Viewingyouraccountbalancesanytimeyouwant,youcantransfermoneyaccountsatyourconvenience.

问题1选项

A.to

B.between

C.from

D.with

【答案】B

【解析】考查介词用法。A项to“向……”，B项between“在……之间”，C项from“从，来自……”，D项with“和……”；句意：任何时候您都可以查看您的账户余额，也可以方便的时候在账户间相互转账。transfer一般是指两个事物之间的转移，所以B选项符合题意。

3.单选题

Humble（

）itmaybe,there’snoplacelikehome,（

）hermaygo.

问题1选项

A.like,when

B.as,wherever

C.although,where

D.which,wherever

【答案】B

【解析】考查状语从句。as引导让步状语从句必须进行倒装，此处将表语humble提前；wherever意为“无论哪儿”，引导地点状语从句。

句意：尽管家很简陋，但无论她去哪儿，没有一个地方可以和家相提并论。

4.翻译题

Directions:Forthispart,youaretotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.

中国的创新正以前所未有的速度蓬勃发展。为了在科学技术上尽快赶超世界发达国家，中国近年来大幅度增加了研究开发资金。中国的大学和研究所正在积极开展创新研究，这些研究覆盖了从大数据到生物化学，从新能源到机器人等各类高科技领域。他们还与各地的科技园合作，使创新成果商业化。与此同时，无论在产品还是商业模式上，中国企业家也在努力争做创新的先锋，以适应国内外消费市场不断变化和增长的需求。

【答案】InnovationinChinaisboomingatanunprecedentedrate.Inordertocatchupwiththedevelopedcountriesinscienceandtechnologyassoonaspossible,Chinahasgreatlyincreaseditsresearchanddevelopmentfundinrecentyears.Theyarealsoworkingwithscienceandtechnologyparksaroundthecountrytocommercializetheirinnovations.Atthesametime,whetherinproductsorbusinessmodels,Chineseentrepreneursarestrivingtobepioneersininnovationtoadapttotheever-changingandgrowingneedsofdomesticandforeignconsumermarkets.

5.单选题

Radarisusedtoextendthe（

）ofman'ssensesforobservinghisenvironment,especiallythesenseofvision.

问题1选项

A.validity

B.liability

C.capability

D.intensity

【答案】C

【解析】名词辨析题。A选项validity“有效性，正确性”；B选项liability“责任，可能性”；C选项capability“才能，能力”；D选项intensity“强度”。句意：雷达是用来扩展人们观察环境的感知能力，特别是视觉感知能力。选项C符合语境。

6.单选题

Iamwritingthisathomebecauselastweekmyergonomic(符合人体工程学的)chairattheofficefellapart,unableanylongertobearmyweight.Iamwritingitonacomputerthatisproppedontopoftwothickbooks,becauseotherwisemyneckwouldbecrickedasIpeeredatthescreen.At1.93mandweighing...well,I’mnotgoingtosaywhatIweigh,butthinksecond-rowrugbyunionforward...Iamnotbuiltforthisworld.WethereforewelcomeanewreportfromProfessorTimHattonattheUniversityofEssex,demonstratingthattheaverageheightofmeninEuropehasincreasedby4inchesinthepastcenturyandintheUKbyawhopping5inches.Asimilarincreaseislikelytohaveoccurredamongwomen:but,becausethestudyisbasedinpartonmilitaryrecords,evidenceisthinnerontheground.

Theproblem,asHattonobserves,isthattheworldhasn’tkeptpacewithourincreasedheight.Ilongagoabandonedbuses—leveringmyselfintoanarrowseatwasimpossible.Airtravelisalsochallenging.IwasinthebackrowofaneasyJetplanerecently,whichhasevenlessspacethananordinaryseat,andwouldhaveendedupwithaseverebackachehaditnotbeenforsomethoughtfulpassengernotturningup,allowingmetorelocatetoanaisleseatwheretheonlydangerisbeinghitbythetrolley.

Smallcarsareimpossible—Ihavetodrivewithmyheadthroughthesunroof.WestEndtheatersarehopelesslycramped.Asbeforeincricketgrounds:Iwouldundernocircumstancespay£80foraplasticbucketseatataTestmatch,whereIwouldbewedgeduneasilybetweentwoloud,red-trouseredmerchantbankerssippingwarmchampagne.Asforthoseappallingpinebedswithfootboards,usuallyfoundinabsurdlysmallhotelroomswhereIinvariablygetstuckinthetoiletbecausethedoorwon’topenwithmeinside,theyshouldbebannedimmediately.

Ourextraheightgenerallymeansextraweight.USdatashowthatbaseballplayersareonaverage3inchestallerand2stonesheavierthantheywereacenturyago—andthesearethesuperfitguys.OtherdatasuggestordinaryAmericanshaveadded2.54cmand12.6kginthepast50yearsalone.Weareallgiantsnow—orwillbesoon.Asarepresentativeofthisnewbreed,Iwouldsayjustonething:bewaregardenfurniture.Itappearstobemadeforgnomes.Iroutinelyremovepleasant-lookingbutwhollyimpracticalcanechairs,andonce,whileinterviewingtheactressJennySeagrove,snappedthestringsofahammock-typechairinhergarden.Itisnoteasytogetyourintervieweetotakeyouseriouslyafteryourvastbulkhasbeenplungedsuddenlyontotheirmanicuredlawn.

1.Thebesttitleofthispassagemightbe（）.

2.WhatisthetoneofthewriterwhenheisdepictinghisrecenttravelinaneasyJetplane?

3.Accordingtothecontext,theword“gnomes”(Para.5)mightbe（）.

4.WhathappenedtothewriterwhilehewasinterviewingJennySeagrove?

问题1选项

A.PoorQualityofChairs

B.TroublewithBeingTall

C.EmbarrassmentofBeingRejected

D.DifficultiesinTakingPlanesandBuses

问题2选项

A.Angry.

B.Sarcastic.

C.Humorous.

D.Envious.

问题3选项

A.peopleofvastbulk

B.peopleofsmallsizes

C.representativesofAmericans

D.representativesofbaseballplayers

问题4选项

A.Hesuddenlyfelldownonthelawn.

B.Hepretendedtobeveryserious.

C.Hemadeafoolofhimselfonpurpose.

D.Hefailedtofinishhisinterview

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:B

第4题:A

【解析】第1题:1.结合全文内容可知，文章主要是作者描述自己个子高，身体重带来的麻烦，选项A,C,D均为由此带来的麻烦，选项B概括全面，所以作为标题最恰当。

2.根据关键词“easyjetplane”定位到第二段后半部分，作者提到飞机上的座位空间比一般的座位要小,如果不是因为某位体贴的乘客没有出现，使我可以坐在靠近过道的座位上，到下飞机的时候我可能会腰酸背痛,唯一的威胁就是会被手推车撞到。根据作者的描述可知，这是一种挖苦和嘲讽的语气。选项B正确。

3.作者在上文提到“Weareallgiants...bewaregardenfurniture.”我们现在都是巨人——或者即将成为巨人。但是要注意一件事:当心花园家具。说明花园家具不适用于大块头的人，那么可以推测，“gnomes”指体型较小的人。选项B正确。

4.根据最后一段的最后一句“Itisnoteasytogetyourintervieweetotakeyouseriouslyafteryourvastbulkhasbeenplungedsuddenlyontotheirmanicuredlawn.”在你的巨大身躯突然摔倒在他们修剪整齐的草坪上之后，让采访者认真对待你就不容易了。选项A符合原文。

第2题:

第3题:

第4题:

7.单选题

AttheUniversityofCaliforniaatLosAngeles(UCLA),astudentloadedhisclassnotesintoahandhelde-maildeviceandtriedtoreadthemduringanexam:aclassmateturnedhimin.AttheUniversityofNevadaatLasVegas(UNLV)studentsphotographedtestquestionswiththeircell-phonecamerasandtransmittedthemtoclassmates.Theuniversityputinplaceanewexamination-supervisionsystem.“Ifthey’dspendasmuchtimestudying,they’dallbeAstudents,”saysRonYasbin,deanoftheCollegeofSciencesofUNLV.

Withavarietyofelectronicdevices,Americanstudentsfinditeasiertocheat.Andcollegeofficialsfindthemselvesinanewgameofcatandmouse.Theyaretryingtofightwould-becheatsintheexamseasonbycuttingoffInternetaccessfromlaptops,demandingthesurrenderofcell-phonesbeforetestsorsimplyrequiringthatexamsbetakenwithpensandpaper.

“Itisannoying.Myhand-writingissobad.”saidRyanDapremont,21whojustfinishedhisthirdyearatPepperdineUniversityinCalifornia.Hehadtotakehisexamsonpaper.Dapremontsaidtechnologyhasmadecheatingeasier,butplagiarism(剽窃)inwritingpaperswasprobablythebiggestproblem.Studentscanliftotherpeople’swritingsofftheInternetwithoutattributingthem.

Still,somestudentssaidtheythoughtcheatingthesedayswasmoreaproductofthemindset,notthetoolsathand.“Somepeopleputtoomuchemphasisonwherethey’regoingtogointhefuture,andallthey’rethinkingaboutisgraduateschoolandthenextstep,”saidLindsayNicholas,athird-yearstudentatUCLA.Sheaddedthatpressuretosucceed“sometimescloudseverythingandmakespeopledothingsthattheyshouldn’tdo.”

Someprofessorssaidtheytriedtowriteexamsforwhichitwashardtocheat,posingquestionsthatoutsideresourceswouldnothelpanswer.Manyofficialssaidthattheyrelyoncampushonorcodes.Theysaidthemostimportantthingwastoteachstudentsnottocheatinthefirstplace.

1.OnestudentatUCLAwasfoundcheating（）.

2.AccordingtoRonYasbin,allthecheatingstudents（）.

3.Towinthenewgameofcatandmouseinexaminations,thecollegeofficialshaveto（）.

4.AccordingtoRyanDapremont,（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingisprobablythemostsignificantmeasuretofightcheating?

问题1选项

A.whenhewasloadinghisclassnotesintoahandhelde-maildevicet

B.whenhewastryingtotelltheanswerstohisclassmatest

C.aftertheuniversityputinplaceanewexamination-supervisionsystemt

D.afterhisclassmatereportedhischeatingtotheauthorityt

问题2选项

A.shouldbeseverelypunishedfortheirdishonestyt

B.didn’thavemuchtimetostudybeforetheexamt

C.couldgetthehighestgradesiftheyhadstudiedhardenought

D.couldbeexcusedbecausetheywerenotfamiliarwiththenewsystemt

问题3选项

A.usemanyhigh-techdevicest

B.cutoffInternetaccessoncampust

C.turntotheoralexaminationformst

D.cutofftheuseofhigh-techdevicest

问题4选项

A.examinationstakenwithpensandpaperwereuselessinfightingcheatingt

B.hisexaminationpaperwasunder-gradedbecauseofhisbadhand-writingt

C.cheatingwasmoreseriousinwritingpapersthaninexaminationst

D.itwasmoredifficultforhimtoliftotherpeople’swritingsofftheInternett

问题5选项

A.Puttinglessemphasisonwherethestudentsaregoingtogointhefuture.t

B.Lettingstudentsknowthathonestyismoreimportant.t

C.Writingexaminationsforwhichitishardtocheat.t

D.Settingupmorestrictcampushonorcodes.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:细节事实题。题干意思是“加州大学洛杉矶分校的一名学生被发现作弊……”。第一段指出AttheUniversityofCaliforniaatLosAngeles(UCLA),astudentloadedhisclassnotesintoahandhelde-maildeviceandtriedtoreadthemduringanexam:aclassmateturnedhimin.（在加州大学洛杉矶分校(UCLA)，一名学生将他的课堂笔记加载到一个手持电子邮件设备中，并试图在考试时阅读它们：一个同学告发了他），由此可知D项“在他的同学向当局报告了他的作弊行为后”正确。A项“当他把他的课堂笔记载入一个手持电子邮件设备时”，这是作弊的方法；B项“当他试图把答案告诉他的同学时”，内容与原文不符；C项“在学校实行了新的考试监督制度后”，第一段提到AttheUniversityofNevadaatLasVegas(UNLV)studentsphotographedtestquestions…putinplaceanewexamination-supervisionsystem.（在拉斯维加斯的内华达大学(UNLV)，学生们用手机摄像头拍摄试题……实行了新的考试监督制度），由此可知实行新的考试监督制度是内华达大学，而不是加州大学，C项错误。因此，该题选择D项正确。

第2题:细节事实题。题干意思是“据罗恩雅斯宾说，所有作弊的学生……”。第一段最后一句雅斯宾提到了Ifthey’dspendasmuchtimestudying,they’dallbeAstudents（如果他们花同样多的时间学习，他们都能成为优等生），由此可知C项“如果他们学习足够努力，他们能得最高分”符合题意。A项“他们的不诚实应该受到严厉的惩罚”、B项“考试前没有太多时间学习”和D项“因为他们不熟悉新系统所以可以被原谅”在文中雅斯宾都没有提到过。因此，该题选择C项正确。

第3题:细节事实题。题干意思是“为了在新的考试中赢得猫和老鼠的游戏，大学管理者们必须……”。根据第二段第三句Theyaretryingtofightwould-becheatsintheexamseasonbycuttingoffInternetaccessfromlaptops,demandingthesurrenderofcell-phonesbeforetestsorsimplyrequiringthatexamsbetakenwithpensandpaper.（为了打击考试季的作弊行为，他们切断了笔记本电脑的网络连接，要求考生在考试前交出手机，或者干脆要求考生用纸笔考试）可知，D项“停止使用高科技设备”正确；A项“多使用高科技设备”和C项“变为口试形式”内容与原文相反；B项“切断校园内的网络”，原文提到的是切断笔记本的网络连接，不是校园网络，B项错误。因此，该题选择D项正确。

第4题:细节推理题。题干意思是“RyanDapremont表示……”。根据题干定位到第三段，Dapremontsaidtechnologyhasmadecheatingeasier,butplagiarisminwritingpaperswasprobablythebiggestproblem.Studentscanliftotherpeople’swritingsofftheInternetwithoutattributingthem.（Dapremont说，技术让作弊变得更容易，但写论文时的剽窃可能是最大的问题；学生们可以从互联网上抄袭别人的作品，而不用注明出处），由此可推断，论文作弊比考试作弊更严重，因此C项“写作作弊比考试作弊更严重”正确。A项“纸笔考试对于打击作弊毫无用处”，文章只提及技术让作弊更加容易，A项断章取义；B项“由于他的字写得很差，他的试卷评了低分”文中没有提到他由于字写得差而打了低分；D项“对他来说，从互联网上摘抄别人的作品就更难了”，内容与原文相反。因此，该题选择C项正确。

第5题:细节判断题。题干意思是“下面哪个可能是打击作弊最重要的措施？”。文章最后一句提到Theysaidthemostimportantthingwastoteachstudentsnottocheatinthefirstplace.（他们说最重要的事情是首先要教学生不要作弊），由此可知，打击作弊最重要的措施是给学生建立诚实的考试原则，所以B项“让学生知道诚实更重要”符合题意。A项“不太重视学生将来的去向”，这不属于措施；C项“很难作弊的写作考试”和D项“建立更严格的校园荣誉守则”是具体的方法，与题干不符。因此，该题选择B项正确。

8.单选题

Letchildrenlearntojudgetheirownwork.Achildlearningtotalkdoesnotlearnbybeingcorrectedallthetimeifcorrectedtoomuch,hewillstoptalking.Henoticesathousandtimesadaythedifferencebetweenthelanguageheusesandthelanguagethosearoundhimuse.Bitbybit,hemakesthenecessarychangestomakehislanguagelikeotherpeople’s.Inthesameway,whenchildrenlearntodoalltheotherthingstheylearntodowithoutbeingtaughttowalk,run,climb,whistle,rideabicycle—comparethoseperformanceswiththoseofmoreskilledpeople,andslowlymaketheneededchanges.Butinschoolwenevergiveachildachancetofindouthisownmistakesforhimself,letalonecorrectthem.Wedoitallforhim.Weactasifwethoughtthathewouldnevernoticeamistakeunlessitwaspointedouttohimorcorrectitunlesshewasmadeto.Soonhebecomesdependentontheteacher.Lethimdoithimself.Lethimworkout,withthehelpofotherchildrenifhewantsit,whatthiswordsays,whatansweristothatproblem,whetherthisisagoodwayofsayingordoingthisornot.

Ifitisamatterofrightanswers,asitmaybeinmathematicsorscience,givehimtheanswerbook.Lethimcorrecthisownpapers.Whyshouldweteacherswastetimeonsuchroutinework?Ourjobshouldbetohelpthechildwhenhetellsusthathecan’tfindthewaytogettherightanswer.Let'sendthisnonsenseofgrades,exams,marks.Letusthrowthemallout,andletthechildrenlearnwhatalleducatedpersonsmustsomedaylearn,howtomeasuretheirownunderstanding,howtoknowwhattheyknowordonotknow.

Letthemgetonwiththisjobinthewaythatseemsmostsensibletothem,withourhelpasschoolteachersiftheyaskforit.Theideathatthereisabodyofknowledgetobelearntatschoolandusedfortherestofone’slifeisnonsenseinaworldascomplicatedandrapidlychangingasours.Anxiousparentsandteacherssay,"Butsupposetheyfailtolearnsomethingessentialsomethingtheywillneedtogetintheworld?Don'tworry!Ifitisessentialtheywillgooutintotheworldandlearnit.

1.Whatdoestheauthorthinkisthebestwayforchildrentolearnthings?

2.Thepassagesuggeststhatlearningtospeakandlearningtorideabicycleare（

）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,theauthorthinksteachersinschoolshould

（

）.

4.Theauthorbelievestheteachersroleinchildren’slearningshouldbe

（

）.

5.Thetitleofthispassagecouldprobablybe（

）.

问题1选项

A.Byimitatingwhatotherpeopledo.

B.Bymakingmistakesandhavingthemcorrected.

C.Bylisteningtoexplanationsfromskilledpeople.

D.Byaskingagreatmanyquestions.

问题2选项

A.notreallyimportantskills

B.moreimportantthanotherskills

C.basicallythesameaslearningotherskills

D.basicallydifferentfromlearningadultskills

问题3选项

A.allowchildrentolearnbyhimselforherself

B.pointoutchildren’smistakeswheneverthey'refound

C.correctchildren’smistakesassoonaspossible

D.givechildrenmorebookknowledge

问题4选项

A.theidentifierandcorrectoroftheirerrors

B.theirhelperandguide

C.thepersontogradetheirperformanceandgivefeedbacks

D.thepersontopassonsomethingessentialtothem

问题5选项

A.LetTeachersStopWork

B.LetUsMakeChildrenLearn

C.LetChildrenCorrectTheirOwnPapers

D.LetChildrenLearnbyThemselves

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】第1题:推理判断题。由文章第一段中Henoticesathousandtimesadaythedifferencebetweenthelanguageheusesandthelanguagethosearoundheinuse.Bitbybit,hemakesthenecessarychangestomakehislanguagelikeotherpeople’s.（他每天都注意到他所使用的语言和他周围的使用的语言之间的差异。一点一点地，他做了必要的改变，使他的语言像其他人的一样）可知作者认为孩子可以通过模仿他人学习东西，因此选A。

第2题:事实细节题。由文章第一段中Inthesameway（以同样的方式）,whenchildrenlearntodoalltheotherthingstheylearntodowithoutbeingtaughttowalk,run,climb,whistle,rideabicycle可知选C。

第3题:细节事实题。由文章第一段中Lethimdoithimself.Lethimworkout,withthehelpofotherchildrenifhewantsit,whatthiswordsays,whatansweristothatproblem,whetherthisisagoodwayofsayingordoingthisornot.可知作者认为教师应该允许孩子自己学习，因此选A。

第4题:推理判断题。由文章第二段中Ourjobshouldbetohelpthechildwhenhetellsusthathecan’tfindthewaytogettherightanswer.（当孩子告诉我们他找不到正确答案的时候，我们的工作应该是帮助他）可推测教师的角色应该是学生的帮助者与指导者。

第5题:主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了学生应该自己学习，而不是被纠正与灌输式的学习，教师起帮助与指导的作用，因此选D。

9.单选题

___,Mr.Wellsisscarcelyinsympathywiththeworkingclass.

问题1选项

A.Althoughheisasocialist

B.Evenifheisasocialist

C.Beingasocialist

D.Sinceheisasocialist

【答案】A

【解析】考查逻辑关系。A选项Althoughheisasocialist“虽然他是一个社会主义者”；B选项Evenifheisasocialist“即使他是一个社会主义者”；C选项Beingasocialist“作为一个社会主义”；D选项Sinceheisasocialist“因为他是一个社会主义者”。句意：___，威尔斯先生几乎不同情工人阶级。本句表达“虽然他是一个社会主义者，但是他不同情工人阶级”，因此A选项正确。

10.单选题

Astatelessyoungmanmayhavefeltintimidatedafterhavingbeendeniedasylumandnightofresidencebymanycountries.

问题1选项

A.unsafe

B.initiated

C.intrigued

D.credulous

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.unsafe不安全的；危险的B.initiated使开始；发起

C.intrigued很感兴趣的；着迷的D.credulous轻信的；易受骗的

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】根据关键信息afterhavingbeendeniedasylumandnightofresidencebymanycountries（在被许多国家拒绝庇护和夜间居住后）可知，feltintimidated表示的是“感觉到害怕”，intimidated表示的是“害怕”的意思，A项词义与之相近，故该题选择A项。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D项词义不符合句中所选词汇。

【句意】一个无国籍的年轻人在被许多国家拒绝庇护和夜间居住后可能会感到害怕。

11.单选题

Incalculatingthedailycalorierequirementsforanindividual,variationsinbodysize,physicalactivityandageshouldbe（）.

问题1选项

A.broughtintopractice

B.takenintoaccount

C.thrownlighton

D.lookeddownupon

【答案】B

【解析】bringintopractice实行；takeintoaccount考虑；throwlighton照亮，阐明，使……显得清楚；lookdownupon看不起。句意：在计算个人每日所需热量时，应考虑到体型、体力活动和年龄的变化。选项B符合句意。

12.单选题

TheartofpublicspeakingbeganinancientGreeceover2,000yearsago.Nowtwitter,instantmessaging,e-mail,blogsandchatforumsofferrivalapproachestocommunication—butnonecanreplacetheroleofagreatspeech.

Thespokenwordcanhandlevariousvitalfunctions:persuadingorinspiring,informing,payingtribute,entertaining,orsimplyintroducingsomeoneorsomethingoracceptingsomething.

Overthepastyear,thehumanvoicehashelpedguideusovertheupsanddownsorwhatwascertainlyastormytime.

Persuasionisusedindealingwithorreconcilingdifferentpointsofview.WhentheleadersmetinCopenhageninDecember2009,persuasivewordsfromactivistsencouragedthemtocommitthemselvestofirmeraction.

Inspirationalspeechesconfronttheemotions.Theyfocusontopicsandmattersthatareclosetopeople’shearts.Duringwars,generalsusedinspiringspeechestopreparethetroopsforbattle.

Aspeechthatconveysknowledgeandenhancesunderstandingcaninformus.Theinformationmustbeclear,accurate,andexpressedinameaningfulandinterestingway.WhentheH1N1pandemicwasannounced,theideaof“swineflu”scaredmanypeople.InformativespeechesfromWordsHealthOrganizationofficialshelpedpeopletokeeptheirpanicunder 

controlsotheycouldtakesensibleprecautions.

Sadeventsarenevereasytodealwithbutaspeechthatpaystributetothelossofalovedoneandgivespraisefortheircontributioncanbecomforting.Madonna’sspeechaboutMichaelJackson,afterhisdeath,heightedthefactthathewillcontinuetoliveonthroughhismusic.

It’snotonlyinworldforumswherepublicspeakingplaysanimportantrole.Itcanalsobesurprisinglyhelpfulinthecourseofourownlives.

Ifyou’retakingpartinadebateyouneedtopersuadethelistenersofthesoundnessofyourargument.Insports,athletesknowtheimportanceofapeptalk（鼓舞士气的讲话）beforeamatchtoinspireteammates.Youyourselfmaybeaskedtodoapresentationatcollegeorworktoinformtheothersaboutanareaofvitalimportance.

Onamorepersonallevel,afriendmaybeupsetandneedcomforting.Oryoumightbeaskedtointroduceaspeakeratafamilyeventortospeakatawedding,whereyoulanguagewillbeneededtomovepeopleormakethemlaugh.

Greatspeakingabilityisnotsomethingwe’rebornwith.EvenBarackObamaworkshardtoperfecteveryspeech.Forabrilliantspeech,therearerulesthatyoucanputtogooduse.Tolearnthoserulesyouhavetopracticeandlearnfromsomeoutstandingspeechesinthepast.

1.Theauthorthinksthespokenwordisstillirreplaceablebecause（

）.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECTabouttheroleofpublicspeaking?

3.PublicspeakingcanplayallthefollowingrolesEXCEPT（

）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheauthor’sviewon“greatspeakingability”？

5.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

问题1选项

A.ithasalwaysbeenusedtoinspireorpersuadepeople.

B.ithasabigroletoplayintheentertainmentbusiness

C.itplaysimportantrolesinhumancommunication

D.itisofgreatuseineveryday-lifecontext

问题2选项

A.Speechesatworldforumscanleadtoeffectivesolutionstoworldproblems

B.Speechesfrommedicalauthoritiescancalmpeopledownintimesofpandemics

C.Themoraleofsoldiersbeforeabattlecanbeboostedbyseniorofficers’speeches

D.Speechespayingtributetothedeadcancomfortthemourners.

问题3选项

A.toconvincepeopleinadebate

B.informpeopleatapresentation

C.toadvisepeopleatwork

D.toentertainpeopleatawedding

问题4选项

A.Itcomesfromobservingrules.

B.Itcanbeperfectedwitheasyeffort

C.Itcanbeacquiredfrombirth.

D.Itcomesfromlearningandpractice.

问题5选项

A.Publicspeakingininternationalforums.

B.Theymanyusesofpublicspeaking

C.Publicspeakingindailylifecontext.

D.Therulesofpublicspeaking

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】1.文章第二段提到演讲的功能：说服、启发、通知、致敬、娱乐等等，而这些是其他手段无法替代的，选项C符合题意。

2.文章第八段提到这不仅仅是在世界论坛的公开演讲中扮演着重要角色（It’snotonlyinworldforumswherepublicspeakingplaysanimportantrole），选项A“世界论坛上的演讲可以为世界性问题提供有效方案”表述不正确，符合题意。

3.文章第二段提到了演讲词的各种功能，比如说服或启发，通知、致敬、娱乐等，或者只是介绍某人某事或接受某事。选项C“在工作中给人建议”不是演讲的功能，符合题意。

4.文章最后一段Tolearnthoserulesyouhavetopracticeandlearnfromsomeoutstandingspeechesinthepast提到为了精彩的演讲，有一些规则可以很好的利用，必须学习并且练习以前的演讲。选项D符合题意，“精彩的演讲来源于练习和学习”

5.文章开头提及推特、博客、邮件这些交流方式，但是这些都无法取代演讲这个话题（Nowtwitter,instantmessaging,e-mail,blogsandchatforumsofferrivalapproachestocommunicationbutnonecanreplacetheroleofagreatspeech）。接着介绍了演讲的作用，比如说服或启发、通知、致敬、娱乐等。最后提到演说能力不是天生的，而是需要通过不断学习和练习才得到的。选项B符合题意。

13.单选题

Themembersofthebranchwereindignantthatgovernmenthadplantedtwospiesamongthem.

问题1选项

A.irate

B.indifferent

C.insensible

D.inspired

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项irate“生气的；发怒的”；B选项indifferent“冷淡的；不关心的；中等的”；C选项insensible“昏迷的；无知觉的；麻木不仁的”；D选项inspired“品质优秀的；能力卓越的；借助于灵感创作的”。句意：支部的成员对政府在他们中间安插了两名间谍感到愤怒。结合此处关键短语plantedtwospiesamongthem“安插了两名间谍”，可推测支部的成员会对此十分气愤，得知A选项正确。

14.单选题

ThecorporationIheadtookadeepbreathofcleanairlastweekandwentcoldturkey.Smokingonthejobinthehomeofficewasabsolutelyforbidden.Nowweprovideasmokefreeworkingenvironment.Why?

Anythingthatkills350,000Americanseachyeardeservesdecisiveaction,andallthebrawnycowpokesandtawny-hairedsirenscannotblowenoughadvertisingsmoketoobscurethefactthatoneoutofeverysevendeathsinthiscountryislinkedtosmoking.Thecostsrelatedtoitarealsosappingoureconomy.Onerecentreportestimatesthatsmokersutilizethehealth-caresystematleast50percentmorethannonsmokers;theywaste30minuteseachworkdayfumblingwithmatchesandlighters,suckingseductivepoisons.

Still,abancancreateseriouspersonnelproblems.Since25percentofouremployeessmoke,weareofferingthemon-the-jobsmoking-cessationclassesandcounseling.OurmedicalofficeprovidesNicorettes,asugarlesschewinggumformulatedtoeasethephysicalwithdrawalfromnicotine.Mostofour3,000home-office,employeessupportournewpolicy,smokersandnonsmokersalike,butthereisaquerulousminoritythataskswhyweare“discriminatingagainstsmokers.”Wearenot.Ourpolicyaffectsallemployees.Smokersarenotaprotectedclass.Nomatterwhattheirrace,color,religion,sexornationalorigin,theycannotsmokeatwork.

Wearenottryingtodictatepersonallifestyles.Weencourageouremployeestoquitsmokingaltogether,buttheycannotsmokeonthejob.Wesimplycannotaffordtheirhabit.Accordingtoacongressionalstudy,thecosttotheeconomyaverages$65billionannuallyinincreasedmedicalbills,prematuredeathandtimelostfromwork.Andasamajorparticipantinthefieldofhealth-carefinancing,wehaveanobligationtoprovethat,ifproperlyconceived,asmoke-freeworkingenvironmentisattainable.Thisisn’tacrusade.Thisisabusinessdecision.

1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistrue?

2.Whichofthefollowingcouldbeinferredfromthepassage?

3.Thepurposeofthisarticleis______.

4.Whichofthefollowingisnotusedbytheauthorasjustificationforregulatingtobaccosmokingonthejob?

问题1选项

A.Thesmokingemployees,onthewhole,feltuncomfortableaboutthecorporation’srulesthatpermittednosmokingintheworkplace.

B.Thebanoncigarettesmokingwasintroducedatthecompanygraduallyandconditionally.

C.Smokerswereconsideredaquerulousminorityatthemainofficeofthefirm.

D.Smokingwasbannedatthefirm’sheadquartersabruptlyandcompletely.

问题2选项

A.Cigaretteadvertisinggenerallymakesuseoftheappealofseductiveimages.

B.Cigaretteadvertisingtendstoremindpeopleoftherelationshipbetweensmokingandagoodlife.

C.Cigaretteadvertising,asarule,isdesignedtomisleadnonsmokers.

D.Mostcigaretteadvertisingistargetedatstrongandattractivemenandwomen.

问题3选项

A.tocriticizethehabitofcigarettesmokingasahealthhazard

B.toemphasizetheattainabilityofasmokefreeworkingenvironment

C.todefendthepracticeofcontrollingsmokingintheworkplace

D.topresentanargumentformakingsmokingasolelyjob-relatedissue

问题4选项

A.Theassumptionthatsmokers,duetotheirtime-consuminghabit,arenotasefficientatworkasnonsmokers.

B.Thenotionthattobaccosmokingseriouslycontaminatestheworkingenvironment.

C.Smoking-relatedhealthproblemsthatcauseprematuredeaths.

D.Thefactthatthenationaleconomyisweakenedbysmoking-relatedcosts.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:B

【解析】1.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干意思是“根据文章，下列哪一项是正确的？”。文章第一段指出ThecorporationIheadtookadeepbreathofcleanairlastweekandwentcoldturkey.Smokingonthejobinthehomeofficewasabsolutelyforbidden.（我负责的公司在上周深吸了一口新鲜空气，然后就彻底戒掉了吸烟坏习惯。在家庭办公室里工作，吸烟是完全禁止的。），根据wentcoldturkey（快速戒掉坏习惯）这个词语，可以推断出公司是突然禁止吸烟，故D项“公司总部突然全面禁止吸烟”正确，由此也可知B项“该公司逐步、有条件地实行了禁烟令”错误；根据第三段中的Mostofour3,000home-office,employeessupportournewpolicy,smokersandnonsmokersalike,butthereisaquerulousminoritythataskswhyweare“discriminatingagainstsmokers.”（在我们的3000名家庭办公室员工中，大多数人支持我们的新政策，吸烟者和不吸烟者都是一样的，但有少数人抱怨说，我们为什么要“歧视吸烟者”。）可知，关于公司的禁烟令，包括吸烟者和不吸烟者在内，大部分的员工是支持的，只有少数人有抱怨，这其中可能有吸烟者可能也有不吸烟者