考研考博-英语-新疆财经大学商务学院考试押题卷含答案详解1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-新疆财经大学商务学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.翻译题

TheOlympicGamesareadisplayofinternationalgoodwill.Theceremonies,withtheiremphasisuponbothnationalismandinternationalism,areathrillingsighttosee.Atthestart,thekingorpresidentofthecountryinwhichtheOlympicGamesarebeingheldispresented.Thenationalanthemofhiscountryissung.Thenfollowsaparadeofallthecontestants,eachbearinghiscountry’sflagandshield.Thismarchisaccompaniedbyafanfareoftrumpets.WhentheOlympicflagisraised,gunsfireasalute.Doves,symbolsofpeace,arereleased.Finallythensacredfireislit.TheOlympicflameissetalightbyatorchthathasbeencarriedbyrelayrunnersallthewayfromOlympia,Greece.ThesacredfirethenburnsthroughouttheentireOlympicGames.

【答案】答：

奥运会是一个展现国际友好的平台。这些强调民族主义和国际主义的仪式是一种令人激动的景象。仪式一开始出现的是举办国的国王或者总统，并伴随着该国国歌的奏起。然后是各个国家的运动员队伍高举自己国家的国旗和国徽，依次列队入场。伴随着这些游行队伍的是声势浩大的喇叭声。当奥林匹克会会旗升起时，鸣炮敬礼，象征和平的鸽子被放飞。最后，奥运圣火由从希腊奥林匹亚山脉一路传递过来的火炬来点燃。神圣的奥运会火焰将会照亮整个比赛进程。

2.单选题

ProfessorTaylor’stalkhasindicatedthatsciencehasaverystrong（）ontheeverydaylifeofnon-scientistsaswellasscientists.

问题1选项

A.motivation

B.perspective

C.impression

D.impact

【答案】D

【解析】句意:泰勒教授的报告表明，科学已经对非科学家和科学家的日常生活产生了强大的影响。

考查固定搭配。haveimpactonsth.对…产生影响。

3.单选题

ThoughIhadtriedtoexplainitasclearlyaspossible,myexpectationseemednotto（）.

问题1选项

A.getdown

B.getacross

C.getalong

D.getup

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组辨析。getdown“吞下，使沮丧”;getacross“通过；使…被理解”；getalong“与……和睦相处”；getup“起床”。根据though这个词可知前后有一个转折关系，前半句提到“我尽可能的将问题解释清楚”，所以后半句的意思与之形成对比，因此选项B符合题意。

4.单选题

Withthedevelopmentofinternationaltrade,aninternationalmediumofexchangeisrequired.Fromthelate1800suntilWorldWarI,mostcountriesoperatedonthegoldstandard.Goldcoinsofstandardspecificationscirculatedfreelybetweencountries,makinggoldineffectaninternationalcurrency.Thissystemprovidedanautomaticcorrectionforsometradeimbalances,butithadlittleliquidity(themoneysupplycouldnotexpandasrapidlyasrequiredbyexpandingtrade),anditwasvulnerablytoshort-termchangesinthegoldsupply.

Afterthefinancialstabilityofthe1930s，theinternationalmonetarysystemwasre-builtfollowingWorldWarIIonthegold-exchangestandard.ThevaluesofmostnationalcurrencieswerefixedinrelationtotheUSdollar,reserveswerekeptindollars,whichwouldbeexchangedondemandforgoldatasetprice($35anounceuntil1968).TheInternationalMonetaryFund,akeyinstitutionsetupunderthissystem,makesinternationalloanswithcapitalsubscribedbyitsmembers,whichincludemostnoncommuniststates.Votingrightsareproportionaltotheamountssubscribed.TheIMFhasbeenable,throughitsloans,tostabilizefluctuatingcurrenciesandtoinfluencetheinternalfinancialpoliciesofrecipientcountries,afrequentlycriticizedpractice.

Thesuccessofthegoldexchangestandard,however,dependedonthesuperiorpositionoftheUSinworldtrade.Inthe1960s,continualbalancepaymentsdeficitsloweredUSgoldreservesandfatallyunderminedthesystem.In1968atwo-tieredsystemwasadopted.Governmentbanksmaintainedafixedgoldprice,whilenonegovernmentalbuyerstradedfreely.Simultaneously,non-dollarspecialdrawingrightwereassignedtoIMFmembersinproportiontotheircontributions.Butthesechangesdidn’trelievethestrainontheUSdollar.In1971PresidentRichardNixonannouncedthatdollarswouldnolongerautomaticallybeexchangedforgold,andsincethentherehasbeennosingleinternationalmonetarystandard.

1.SinceWorldWarIItheinternationalmonetarysystemhasshownanoveralltrendtoward（

）.

2.Thereasonwhythegoldstandardhadlimitedliquidityisprobablebecause

（

）.

3.Thegold-exchangestandarddiffersfromthegoldstandardinthat（

）.

问题1选项

A.greatercentralizecontrolofworldtrade.

B.tryingthevalueofworldcurrenciesratherthanthevalueofgoldsupply

C.increasinglystablecurrencies

D.substitutingseveraldifferentmonetarystandardsforasingleunifiedstandard

问题2选项

A.themoneysupplycouldnotincreasefasterthanthetrade

B.themoneysupplyvariedindependentlyofthegoldsupply

C.itwasimpossibletoconvertthecurrencyofonecountryintothatofanother

D.anation’scurrencycouldnotbefreelyconvertedintogold

问题3选项

A.itdoesnotestablishagenerallyacceptedinternationalmediumofexchange

B.itestablishesnorelationshipbetweenthevalueofagivencurrencyandthevalueofgold

C.therelationshipitestablishesbetweenthevalueofanycurrencyandwhateverthevalueofgoldisindirectratherthandirect.

D.itisatwo-tieredratherthanasingle-tieredsystem.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:C

【解析】1.判断推理题。结合全文内容可知，原文第一段讲了金本位制下黄金作为国际货币的不足之处；第二段提到国际货币体系取代黄金作为国际货币交换的媒介；再根据第三段最后一句“sincethentherehasbeennosingleinternationalmonetarystandard.从那时起，就没有单一的国际货币标准。”也就是说出现了多种货币体系来代替统一的标准，选项D符合原文。

2.细节事实题。根据第一段最后一句“butithadlittleliquidity(themoneysupplycouldnotexpandasrapidlyasrequiredbyexpandingtrade).但它几乎没有流动性(货币供应不能像扩大贸易所需要的那样迅速扩张)。”由此可知，选项A符合原文。

3.判断推理题。根据第二段第二句“ThevaluesofmostnationalcurrencieswerefixedinrelationtotheUSdollar,reserveswerekeptindollars,whichwouldbeexchangedondemandforgoldatasetprice.大多数国家货币的价值与美元挂钩是固定的，外汇储备以美元形式保存，这些美元将在黄金需求时以固定价格兑换。”由此可知，金汇兑本位制区别于金本位制是由于它在任何货币价值和黄金价值之间所建立的关系不是直接的，而是间接的。所以选项C符合原文。

5.单选题

Ican’tworkwithyou（）allthetime.Goaway.

问题1选项

A.steppingonmytoes

B.breathingdownmyneck

C.standinginthegap

D.comingintoyourown

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项steppingonmytoes的原型是steponone’stoes，意思是“触怒某人”；B选项breathingdownmyneck的原型是breathedownone’sneck，意思是“紧跟着，紧盯着”；C选项standinthegap“挺身阻挡；首当其冲”；D选项comingintoyourown的原型是comeintoone’sown，意思是“进入繁盛期；得到自己该得的东西”。句意：你一直，我不能工作。走开。根据句意可知，“我”想让对方走开，那么很有可能是因为对方一直在监视自己，所以B选项正确。

6.单选题

Speakersatgraduationceremoniesarealwaysamongthemost（

）membersofthe

community.

问题1选项

A.discouraged

B.dissatisfied

C.distinguished

D.disappointed

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。discouraged“气馁的”；dissatisfied“不满的”；distinguished“尊敬的”；disappointed“失望的”。句意：毕业典礼上的发言人都是团体中最受尊敬的成员。选项C符合题意。

7.单选题

Alltheinvestorsinstocksmustbe（）totherisksinsuchinvestment.

问题1选项

A.realistic

B.alert

C.accessible

D.awake

【答案】B

【解析】形容词词义辨析。realistic“现实的”；alert“警觉的”；accessible“易接近的”；awake“醒着的”。句意：所有股票投资者都必须当心这种投资的风险。选项B符合题意。

8.单选题

Anotherconcern（

）hastodowiththeeffectone’slivingwillmighthaveoninsurancepremiums.Canone’sinsuranceratesgoupiftheyrequesttotalcareinsteadofminimalcareduringtheirfinaldays?

问题1选项

A.toberaised

B.havingraised

C.beingraised

D.raising

【答案】C

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句中还有mighthave，可知空格处为非谓语动词形式，其逻辑主语是concern，由句意判断，concern与raise之间是被动关系，且表示正在出现的情况，因此C选项符合题意。

9.填空题

Ann（1）bominLondonbutshe（2）upinScotland

【答案】1.was

2.grew

【解析】1.固定搭配。Bebornin出生于。这里应该用一般过去时。

2.固定搭配。growup成长。

10.单选题

Itlookedlikeatypicalbusinessmeeting.Sixmen,neatlydressedinwhiteshirtsandtiesfiledintotheboardroomofasmallJakartacompanyandsatdownatalongtable.Butinsteadofconsultingfilesorhearingreports,theyclosedtheireyesandbegantomeditate,consultingthespiritsofancientJavanesekings.MysticismtouchesalmosteveryaspectoflifeinIndonesiaandbusinessisnoexception.Oneofthemeditatorssaidhisweeklymeditationsessionsareaimedmainlyatbringingthepeaceofmindthatmakesforgooddecision-making.Buttheinsightgainedfrommysticcommunicationwithspiritsofwisekingshasalsohelpedboosttheprofitsofhisfivecompanies.

Mysticismandprofitshavecometogethersincethe13thcenturyintroductionofIslamtoIndonesiabyIndianMoslemmerchants.Thosedevouttraders,called“WaliUllah”or“thoseclosetoGod”,energeticallyspreadbothtradeandreligionbyadaptingtheirappealstothenativemysticismofJava.LegendsattributemagicpowerofforeknowledgetotheWaliUllah.Thesepowerswerebelievedtobegainedthroughmeditationandfasting.

BusinessmanHadisikosaidhisgroupfastsandmeditatesallnighteveryThursdaytobecomeclosertoGodandtocontactthespiritsofthegreatmenofthepast.“Ifwewanttoemploysomeoneatthemanageriallevel,wemeditatetogetherandoftenthemessagecomesthatthismancan’tholeontomoneyorheisuntrustworthy.Ormaybethespiritswilltellusheshouldbehired.”Hadisikohastenedtoaddthathiscompaniesalsoholdmodernpersonnelmanagementsystemsandthatformalqualificationsareessentialforacandidateeventobeconsidered.Perspectiveinvestmentsalsoareconsideredthroughmysticmeditation.“Withthemindrelaxedandopen,itiseasiertobeobjectiveinjudgingtheriskofanewventure.Meditationandcontactwiththewisdomoftheoldleaderssharpensyourowninsightandintuition.Thenyouhavetoapplythatintuitiontotheinformationyouhaveandworkhardtobesuccessful.”Mysticmeditationhelpedreverseabusinessslidehiscompaniesexperiencedinthemid-1980.Operatingwithnormalbusinessprocedures,helostmorethan$3millionsinthatyearalone.Meditationbroughtbackhispeaceofmind.Puttingtherightpersonsintherightjobsandgainingconfidenceinhisbusinessdecisionswerethekeystoaturningaroundthathasbroughtexpansionandprofitability.ThemysticisminHandspike’sboardroomispartofagrowingmovementinIndonesiacalledKebatinan—the“searchfortheinnerself”.

Oneofhismanagers,YusufSoemado,whostudiedbusinessadministrationatHarvardUniversity,comparedtheideaofmysticmanagementtowesternsystemofpositivethinking.“Willpowerandsubconsciousmindarerecognizedasimportantfactorsinbusiness.Suchapproachesaspsycho-cybernetics,Carnegie’sthinkandgrowthrates,orthepowerofpositivethinkingarewesternattemptstotapthesamehigherintelligencethatwecontactthroughmeditation”,hesaid.

1.Whatisthemostimportantfactorintheirdoingbusiness?

2.Whomdotheyconsult?

3.WhydidHadisikohastentoadd“hiscompaniesalsoholdmodernpersonnelmanagementsystems”?

4.Accordingtothepassage,thefunctionofthemeditationis___.

5.Whatdoes“operatingwithnormalbusinessprocedures”referto?

问题1选项

A.Mysticism

B.Religion

C.Meditation

D.Investment

问题2选项

A.ThespiritsofancientJavanesekings

B.WaliUllah

C.OldKings

D.Carnegie

问题3选项

A.HethoughtMysticismwasnotsogoodasexpected.

B.Toshowtheytoofocusedonqualifications.

C.Toshowtheyhiredqualifiedpersons.

D.Toshowthepossibilityofcombinationofthescientificmanagementwithreligion.

问题4选项

A.togainprofitfromthegod

B.togainpeaceofmindtomakedecision

C.togainforeknowledge

D.togainobjectiveconclusion

问题5选项

A.Adoptingthewesternwayofdoingbusiness.

B.Ordinarywayofdoingbusinesswithoutmeditationandfasting.

C.ContactwithGod.

D.Puttingrightpersonsintherightjobs.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:B

第5题:B

【解析】1.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据题干定位到第一段Itlookedlikeatypicalbusinessmeeting.Sixmen,neatlydressedinwhiteshirtsandtiesfiledintotheboardroomofasmallJakartacompanyandsatdownatalongtable.Butinsteadofconsultingfilesorhearingreports,theyclosedtheireyesandbegantomeditate,consultingthespiritsofancientJavanesekings.（这看起来像一个典型的商务会议。六名身穿白衬衫、打着领带的男子鱼贯进入雅加达一家小公司的会议室，在一张长桌旁坐下。但他们并没有查阅档案或听取报告，而是闭上眼睛，开始冥想，向古代爪哇国王的灵魂寻求帮助）由此得知在印尼，商人们经营公司的方式很独特，结合第三段BusinessmanHadisikosaidhisgroupfastsandmeditatesallnighteveryThursdaytobecomeclosertoGodandtocontactthespiritsofthegreatmenofthepast.“Ifwewanttoemploysomeoneatthemanageriallevel,wemeditatetogetherandoftenthemessagecomesthatthismancan’tholeontomoneyorheisuntrustworthy.（商人Hadisiko说，他的团队每周四都要禁食冥想一整夜，以便更接近上帝，与过去伟人的灵魂接触。“如果我们想聘请管理层的人，我们会一起思考，通常会得到这样的信息：这个人守不住钱，或者他不值得信任）可以推测出印尼的商人做生意最重要的因素是冥想，选C选项“冥想”；A选项“神秘主义”，B选项“宗教”以及D选项“投资”都不符合原文。因此C选项正确。

2.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据题干关键词“consult”定位到第一段Butinsteadofconsultingfilesorhearingreports,theyclosedtheireyesandbegantomeditate,consultingthespiritsofancientJavanesekings.（但他们并没有查阅档案或听取报告，而是闭上眼睛，开始冥想，向古代爪哇国王的灵魂寻求帮助）可知选A选项“古爪哇国王的灵魂”；B选项“WaliUllah”，C选项“老国王”以及D选项“卡耐基”皆不符合原文。因此A选项正确。

3.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据题干关键词“Hadisiko”定位到原文第三段Hadisikohastenedtoaddthathiscompaniesalsoholdmodernpersonnelmanagementsystemsandthatformalqualificationsareessentialforacandidateeventobeconsidered.（接着他匆忙补充说他的公司也采用现代人事管理系统，即要考虑雇佣的人员最根本的条件仍是正式资历）可知选B选项“表明他们也关注资质”；A选项“他认为神秘主义不像预期的那么好”，C选项“显示他们雇用了合格的人”以及D选项“展示科学管理与宗教结合的可能性”皆不符合原文。因此B选项正确。

4.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据题干关键词定位到第一段Oneofthemeditatorssaidhisweeklymeditationsessionsareaimedmainlyatbringingthepeaceofmindthatmakesforgooddecision-making.（其中一名冥想者说，他每周的冥想课程主要是为了带来心灵的平静，从而做出好的决定），以及第三段Perspectiveinvestmentsalsoareconsideredthroughmysticmeditation.“Withthemindrelaxedandopen,itiseasiertobeobjectiveinjudgingtheriskofanewventure.Meditationandcontactwiththewisdomoftheoldleaderssharpensyourowninsightandintuition…”（远景的投资也是通过神秘的沉思加以考虑。“有着放松和开放的头脑，易于客观地判断新投资的风险。沉思和与过去领袖的接触会使你的洞察力和感官变得敏锐……”）可以推测出冥想的功能是让人变得平静，以至做出更好的决定，选B选项“得到冷静头脑来决策”；A选项“从神那里获得利益”，C选项“获得预知”和D选项“获得客观结论”和原文不符。因此B选项正确。

5.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据题干关键词“operatingwithnormalbusinessprocedures”定位到第三段Operatingwithnormalbusinessprocedures,helostmorethan$3millionsinthatyearalone.Meditationbroughtbackhispeaceofmind.（神秘冥想帮助扭转了他的公司在1980年中期经历的业务下滑的局势。按照正常的业务流程，他仅在那一年就损失了300多万美元），结合第一段Butinsteadofconsultingfilesorhearingreports,theyclosedtheireyesandbegantomeditate,consultingthespiritsofancientJavanesekings.（但他们并没有查阅档案或听取报告，而是闭上眼睛，开始冥想，向古代爪哇国王的灵魂寻求帮助）可知“正常业务流程操作”应表示不冥想不禁食，选B选项“没有沉思和斋戒的常规做生意”；A选项“采用西方经营方式”属于过度推测，原文并没有明确表示该观点；C选项“与上帝接触”，D选项“把合适的人放在合适的岗位上”不符合题意。因此B选项正确。

11.单选题

Thetargetiswrong,forinattackingthetests,criticsdivertattentionfromthefaultthatlies______ill-informedorincompetentusers.

问题1选项

A.in

B.at

C.with

D.on

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定词组。A项liein“在于，睡懒觉”，B项lie没有与at搭配的用法；C项liewith“取决于，是……的权利”，D项lieon“位于，压迫，依赖”。句意：目标是错误的，因为在抨击这类测试时，批评者没有考虑其弊病来自人们对测试不甚了解或使用不当。故正确答案为C。

12.单选题

Allexpertsagreethatthemostimportantconsiderationwithdietdrugsiscarefully（）therisksandbenefits.

问题1选项

A.weighing

B.valuing

C.evaluating

D.distinguishing

【答案】A

【解析】句意:所有专家都认为，在对减肥药所做的各方面的考虑中，最重要的是仔细权衡风险和益处。

考查动词辨析。weight使变重，权衡；value评价，重视；evaluate评价，估价；distinguish区分，辨别，使杰出。根据题干关键词therisksandbenefits(风险和益处)可知A项符合句意。

13.单选题

TheQueen’svisittoChinawaslargely（

）.Butitendedanunhappychapterintherelationship.

问题1选项

A.synthetic

B.representative

C.international

D.symbolic

【答案】D

【解析】句意:女王访问中国在很大程度上是象征性的，但它却导致双方的关系出现了不愉快的篇章。

考查形容词辨析。Synthetic合成的,人造的,综合的;representative代表的,典型的;international国际的,世界性的;symbolic象征的。But表转折,可知前后句子应该为对比或相反,因此D符合句意。

14.单选题

Wehavedoneallwecouldandnowourcherishedprojectis（

）ournewCEO.

问题1选项

A.ontheagendaof

B.inthepowerof

C.undertheguidanceof

D.withtheguidanceof

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项ontheagendaof“列入会议议程的”；B选项inthepowerof“受……支配，在……的控制下”；C选项undertheguidanceof“在……的指导下”；D选项withtheguidanceof“在……的指导下”，作伴随状语表原因。由project（项目）与CEO（执行总裁）之间的关系可知项目应处于CEO的控制下较符合逻辑搭配。句意：我们已经竭尽所能，现在我们珍视的项目掌握在新任CEO的手中。

15.单选题

Samanthasobbeduncontrollablyandhidinthelockerroom,so______wassheabouthavinglostinthefinalsofthestatetennischampionship.

问题1选项

A.pragmatic

B.dejected

C.jubilant

D.indifferent

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项pragmatic“务实的”；B选项dejected“沮丧的”；C选项jubilant“欢呼雀跃的”；D选项indifferent“漠不关心的”。句意：萨曼莎控制不住哭泣，躲在更衣室里，非常______她输掉了州网球锦标赛的决赛。输掉比赛以后萨曼莎哭泣，躲在更衣室里不想见人，B选项dejected“沮丧的”符合题意。因此B选项正确。

16.单选题

Rentalhousing,whichisanimportantcomponentofpriceindices,lookslikelytomoderateinthenextyear,inpartbecauseofan_______ofnewhomes.

问题1选项

A.override

B.oversupply

C.oversight

D.overture

【答案】B

【解析】override推翻,践踏;oversupply过度供给;oversight监管,疏忽;overture建议。句意：作为价格指数的一个重要组成部分,租赁住房的价格明年可能会回落,部分原因是新房供应过剩。选项B符合句意。

17.单选题

Mutualtradeimplies（

）advantages.

问题1选项

A.allied

B.cooperative

C.periodical

D.reciprocal

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。allied“联合的；同盟的”；cooperative“合作的；合作社的”；periodical“周期的；定期的”；reciprocal“互惠的；相互的”。句意：双边贸易意味着互惠的优势。选项D符合题意。

18.单选题

Becauseofa（）intheskirt,thegirlwasabletobuyitathalfprice.

问题1选项

A.weakness

B.fault

C.flaw

D.strip

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项weakness表示“（系统、性格等的）缺点，劣势；弱点；虚弱”，B选项fault表示“错误；故障；缺点”，C选项flaw表示“缺陷，瑕疵；性格上的缺点”，D选项strip表示“条；带”。由句意可知，这个女孩能半价买到裙子是因为裙子有瑕疵，所以C选项词义最符合原文句意，故本题正确答案为C选项。

19.单选题

Manytouristwere（

）bythecity’scomplicatedtrafficsystem.

问题1选项

A.degraded

B.bewildered

C.evoked

D.diverted

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。degrade“贬低”；bewilder“使迷惑”；evoke“引起，唤起”；divert“转移”。句意：许多游客被这复杂的交通难住了。选项B符合题意。

20.单选题

Mostpeoplefeelstressatsometimeontheirlives.Somepeoplelikethispressureandworkbetterbecauseofit.Otherpeoplearenotcomfortablewithanystressatall;theysoonbecomeunhappyiftheyfeelstress.Sometimesstresscanleadpeopletodothingstheywouldn’tusuallydo,suchasovereat,smoke,drink,orusedrugs.Stress,however,isaverynormalpartoflife.

Itisimportanttounderstandthatstressdoesn’tcomefromaneventitself;thatisfromthethingsthatarehappeninginourlives.Itcomesfromthemeaningwegivetowhathashappened.Forexample,acryingbabymaybestressfultooneperson,butitmaynotbotheranotherpersonatall;atrafficjammaybestressfultoonepersonwhileanotherpersonmaybeabletostaycalm.Wecanexperiencestressanytimewefeelwedon’tcontrol.Itcancomefromafeelingthatwecan’tdoanythingaboutasituation.Basically,itisthebody’swayofshowinganxietyorworry.Stressisnotjustcausedbyourmentaloremotionalcondition.Itisalsoinfluencedbyhowtiredweare,whetherwehaveabalanceddietwithenoughvitaminsandminerals,whetherwegetenoughphysicalexercises,andwhetherwearerelaxed.

Thepointatwhichstressbecomesaproblemchangesfromdaytoday,evenforthesameperson,insomesituation,ifwearerestedandfeelgoodaboutourselves,alittlestresswillnotbeaproblem.Inanothersituation,ifwearetiredorfeelunsureaboutourabilities,evenasmallamountofstresscancauseproblems.Forexample,wemightbegintoworryaboutthingsthathaven’thappenedyetinsteadofworkingonthingsthatarehappeningnow.Orwemightnotfeelabletofindsolutionstoeverydayproblems.

Ifwefeelstressed,thereareseveralthingsthatwecando.First,weneedtolearnhowtorelaxandbreatheslowlyandsmoothly.Wecanalsotakesometimeoutofourworried,busyscheduletonoticethesmallthingsinlife.Smelltheair,lookattheflowers,noticethesmalldesignsintheleavesonatree—theseactivitiescandomuchtoquietusandtogiveourselvesasmallbreakinabusyschedule.

Weneedtotakecareofourbodies.Beingtiredmakesiteasierforustogetsickandtodevelopphysicalproblemsrelatedtostress.Weneedtogetenoughrest,eatwell,anddosomeregularexercise.Scientistshavefoundthatforourmindstothinkclearly,ourbodiesneedtohavecertainvitaminsandminerals;someofthemostimportantvitaminsaretheB-complexvitamins.Doingregularexerciseisalsoaphysicalwaytoletgoofangryfeelingsorfeelingsofhelplessness.

Finally,weneedtofindwhatiscausingthestressinourlives.Oncewehavefoundit,weneedtobegintochangethatpartofourlives.Ifwebelievethatwecancontrolstresswecanbegintocontrolourlives.Thenwecanstarttousestressinapositiveway.

1.Thepassageismainlyconcernedwith______.

2.AllofthefollowingstatementsarecorrectEXCEPTthat______.

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTamongthesolutionstostressprovidedbythepassage?

4.Whichofthefollowingiscorrectaccordingtothepassage?

5.ThepassagetalksaboutmanyaspectsofstressEXCEPT______.

问题1选项

A.stress

B.physicalexercise

C.diets

D.anxiety

问题2选项

A.whetherwelikeitornot,stressisanormalpartinourlives

B.somethingstressfultoonepersonmaybenothingatalltoanother

C.stressissomethingthatwecanhardlycontrolbecauseitappearsalmosteverywhereinourlives

D.whetherstresscausesproblemsornotmainlydependsonwefeelaboutourselves

问题3选项

A.Weneedtotakecareofourbodies.

B.Weneedtodiscussitwithapsychologicaldoctor.

C.Weneedtofindwhatiscausingthestressinourlives.

D.Weneedtolearnhowtorelaxandbreatheslowlyandsmoothly.

问题4选项

A.Stressisalwaysagoodthing.

B.Stressishorribletomostpeople.

C.Whetherstressbringsaboutpeople’shappinessdependsontheattitudesofpeople.

D.Smokinganddrinkingarecausedbystress.

问题5选项

A.howtousestressinapositiveway

B.thewaystressisformed

C.howtorelievestress

D.howtohelppeoplewhotakedrugsasavictimofstress

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:D

【解析】1.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】细节事实题。通读全文。A选项“压力”，文章围绕着压力展开来讨论，压力在我们日常生活中无处不在，A选项正确。B选项“体育运动”，文章提到体育锻炼是缓解压力的好办法，但并不是文章主要内容，B选项可排除。C选项“饮食”，文章部分内容提到了饮食，压力会使人造成不良的饮食习惯，C选项可排除。D选项“焦虑”，文章提到压力会使人焦虑，焦虑并不是文章主要内容，可排除D选项。因此A选项正确。

2.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。D选项“压力是否会引起问题主要取决于我们对自己的感觉”，可以定位到文章第二段最后一句Itisalsoinfluencedbyhowtiredweare,whetherwehaveabalanceddietwithenoughvitaminsandminerals,whetherwegetenoughphysicalexercises,andwhetherwearerelaxed.（它还受到我们的疲劳程度，是否有均衡的饮食，是否有足够的维生素和矿物质，是否有足够的体育锻炼，是否放松等因素的影响），压力不仅仅是由我们的精神或情绪状况引起的，还受到各种因素的影响，因此不仅仅是由于我们自身的感觉，D选项说法不正确。A选项“不管我们喜不喜欢，压力是我们生活中很正常的一部分”，文章第一段第一句Mostpeoplefeelstressatsometimeontheirlives.（大多数人在生活中都会有压力），也就是压力是我们生活的一部分，因此A选项可排除。B选项“对一个人有压力的事情对另一个人来说可能根本不算什么”，文章第二段第三句Forexample,acryingbabymaybestressfultooneperson,butitmaynotbotheranotherpersonatall;（例如，一个哭泣的婴儿可能对一个人有压力，但可能对另一个人没有任何影响），也就是对于一个人造成的压力，对于另外一个人可能不算什么，B选项可排除。C选项“压力是我们很难控制的东西，因为它几乎在我们的生活中无处不在”，文章第一段最后一句Stress,however,isaverynormalpartoflife.（然而，压力是生活中很正常的一部分），也就是压力是不能够避免的，压力在我们生活中无处不在，C选项可排除。因此D选项正确。

3.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。B选项“我们需要和心理医生讨论一下”，文章没有提到需要找心理医生讨论压力，B选项符合题意。A选项“我们需要照顾好我们的身体”，文章倒数第二段Weneedtotakecareofourbodies.（我们需要照顾好我们的身体），A选项可排除。C选项“我们需要找出是什么造成了我们生活中的压力”，可以定位到文章最后一段第一句weneedtofindwhatiscausingthestressinourlives.（我们需要找到是什么在我们的生活中造成压力），C选项可排除。D选项“我们需要学习如何放松和缓慢而平稳地呼吸”，文章倒数第三段第二句Weneedtolearnhowtorelaxandbreatheslowlyandsmoothly.（我们需要学习如何放松和呼吸缓慢和顺畅），D选项可排除。因此B选项正确。

4.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】推理判断题。C选项“压力是否带来人们的幸福取决于人们的态度”，可以定位到文章第一段第二句Somepeoplelikethispressureandworkbetterbecauseofit.Otherpeoplearenotcomfortablewithanystressatall;theysoonbecomeunhappyiftheyfeelstress.（有些人喜欢这种压力，并因此工作得更好。有些人对任何压力都感到不舒服；如果他们感到压力，他们很快就会不开心），但对于另外的人来说，压力对他可能没有影响，因此可推测，压力是否给人们带来幸福感，取决于他们的态度，C选项正确。A选项“压力总是一件好事”，可以定位到文章第一段倒数第二句Sometimesstresscanleadpeopletodothingstheywouldn’tusuallydo,suchasovereat,smoke,drink,orusedrugs.（有时压力会导致人们做一些他们通常不会做的事情，比如暴饮暴食、抽烟、喝酒或吸毒），压力有时候也会带来负面影响，A选项可排除。B选项“压力对大多数人来说都是可怕的”，文章只是提到大多数人会面临压力，并没有说大多数人觉得压力可怕，B选项可排除。D选项“吸烟和喝酒是由压力引起的”，以偏概全，可排除D选项。因此A选项正确。

5.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。D选项“如何帮助吸毒的人作为压力的受害者”，文章提到，压力可能会使人吸毒，但并没有提到如何帮助吸毒的人，D选项文章没有提到。A选项“如何积极地利用压力”，文章最后一句Thenwecanstarttousestressinapositiveway.（然后我们可以开始积极地利用压力），可排除A选项。B选项“压力形成的方式”，可以定位到文章第二段最后一句Itisalsoinfluencedbyhowtiredweare,whetherwehaveabalanceddietwithenoughvitaminsandminerals,whetherwegetenoughphysicalexercises,andwhetherwearerelaxed.（它还受到我们的疲劳程度，是否有均衡的饮食，是否有足够的维生素和矿物质，是否有足够的体育锻炼，是否放松等因素的影响），B选项可排除。C选项“如何缓解压力”，文章提到三种方式缓解压力，C选项可排除。因此D选项正确。

21.不定项选择题

Painting,theexecutionofformsandshapesonasurfacebymeansofpigment,hasbeencontinuouslypracticedbyhumansforsome20,000years.Togetherwithotheractivities（1）ritualisticinoriginbuthavecometobedesignatedasartistic(suchasmusicordance),paintingwasoneoftheearliestwaysinwhichman（2）toexpresshisownpersonalityandhis（3）understandingofanexistencebeyondthematerialworld.（4）musicanddance,however,examplesofearlyformsofpaintinghavesurvivedtothepresentday.Themoderneyecanderiveaestheticaswellasantiquariansatisfaction（5）the15,000-year-oldcavemuralsofLascaux--someexamples（6）totheconsiderablepowersofdraftsmanshipoftheseearlyartists.Andpainting,likeotherarts,exhibitsuniversalqualitiesthat（7）forviewersofallnationsandcivilizationstounderstandandappreciate.

Themajor（8）examplesofearlypaintinganywhereintheworldarefoundinWesternEuropeandtheSovietUnion.Butsome5,000yearsago,theareasinwhichimportantpaintingswereexecuted（9）totheeasternMediterraneanSeaandneighboringregions.（10）,WesternsharedaEuropeanculturaltradition--theMiddleEastandMediterraneanBasinand,later,thecountriesoftheNewWorld.

Westernpaintingisingeneraldistinguishedbyitsconcentration（11）therepresentationofthehuman（12）,whetherintheheroiccontextofantiquityorthereligiouscontextoftheearlyChristianandmedievalworld.TheRenaissance（13）thistraditionthrougha（14）examinationofthenaturalworldandaninvestigationofbalance,harmony,andperspectiveinthevisibleworld,linkingpainting（15）thedevelopingsciencesofanatomyandoptics.Thefirstreal（16）fromfigurativepaintingcamewiththegrowthoflandscapepaintinginthe17thand18thcenturies.Thelandscapeandfigurativetraditionsdevelopedtogetherinthe19thcenturyinanatmospherethatwasincreasingly（17）“painterly”qualitiesofthe（18）oflightandcolorandtheexpressivequalitiesofpainthandling.Inthe20thcenturytheseinterests（19）tothedevelopmentofathirdmajortraditioninWesternpainting,abstractpainting,whichsoughtto（20）andexpressthetruenatureofpaintandpaintingthroughactionandform.

问题1选项

A.mayhavebeen

B.thatmayhave

C.mayhave

D.thatmayhavebeen

问题2选项

A.seek

B.soughtfor

C.seekfor

D.sought

问题3选项

A.emergency

B.emerging

C.merging

D.merger

问题4选项

A.As

B.Like

C.Unlike

D.Since

问题5选项

A.for

B.to

C.into

D.from

问题6选项

A.ratify

B.certify

C.testify

D.gratify

问题7选项

A.makeiteasy

B.makeeasy

C.makehard

D.makeithard

问题8选项

A.extinct

B.extant

C.extent

D.exterior

问题9选项

A.hadshifted

B.shifted

C.shifting

D.haveshifted

问题10选项

A.Nevertheless

B.Moreover

C.Therefore

D.However

问题11选项

A.to

B.on

C.in

D.for

问题12选项

A.shadow

B.shape

C.figure

D.form

问题13选项

A.extracted

B.extruded

C.extorted

D.extended

问题14选项

A.close

B.closing

C.closed

D.c