考研考博-英语-广东行政职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-广东行政职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Questions14-16arebasedonthefollowinginterviewwithShermanAlexie,anAmericanIndianpoet.Younowhave15secondstoreadQuestions14-16.

14.WhydidShermanAlexieonlytakedayjobs?

15.Whatwashisoriginalgoalatcollage?

16.Whydidhetakethepoetrywritingclass?

问题1选项

A.Hecouldbringunfinishiedworkhome.

B.Hemighthavetimetopersuehisinterests.

C.Hemightdosomeeveningteaching.

D.Hecouldinvestmoreemotioninhisfamily.

问题2选项

A.Toteachinhighschool.

B.Towritehisownbooks.

C.Tobeamedicaldoctor.

D.Tobeamathematician.

问题3选项

A.Tofollowhisfather.

B.Foraneasygrade.

C.Tochangehisspecialty.

D.Forknowledgeofpoetry.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:B

【解析】第1题:

第2题:

第3题:

2.单选题

Mostpeoplebelievethatthestudyofanothernation,itssocietyandculture,canbenotonlyfascinatingbutalso（）.

问题1选项

A.beneficial

B.benefit

C.benefiting

D.beneficent

【答案】A

【解析】考查同根词辨析。A选项beneficial“有利的，有用的”；B选项benefit“使受益”；C选项benefiting“benefit的现在分词”；D选项beneficent“有裨益的，慈善的”。句意：大多数人认为，研究另一个国家，及其社会和文化，不仅是有趣的，而且是有益的。这里考查benefit的各种变体，notonly…butalso连接fascinating(极有吸引力的，迷人的)和空格，因此空格处应填入与fascinating相近且并列的词，故选A。

3.单选题

Childrenare（）tohavesomeaccidentsastheygrowup.

问题1选项

A.obvious

B.bound

C.indispensable

D.doubtless

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项obvious“明显的；显著的；平淡无奇的”；B选项bound“受约束的；被……限制的”；C选项indispensable“不可缺少的；绝对必要的”；D选项doubtless“无疑的”。句意：孩子们在成长过程中……会发生一些意外。本题还需要注意的是搭配，beboundto表示“必然”符合本句句意。

4.单选题

Themachinemightworkifwe（）itverycarefully.

问题1选项

A.obtain

B.operate

C.oppose

D.object

【答案】B

【解析】句意:如果我们非常小心地操作这台机器,那么它可能会运转。

考查动词辨析。obtain(尤指经努力)获得,赢得,存在;operate运转,工作,操作,控制,使运行;oppose反对,对抗;object反对,拒绝。空格处动词的宾语为it,即指代前面的machine(机器),因此B符合句意。

5.单选题

Notuntilthe1850s（

）inNewYorkseektorescuehistoricbuildingsfromdevastationoralteration.

问题1选项

A.someconcernedcitizens

B.didsomeconcernedcitizens

C.somecitizensconcerned

D.whensomeconcernedcitizensdid

【答案】B

【解析】考查部分倒装。句意：直到19世纪50年代，在纽约，一些忧心忡忡的市民开始寻求使历史文物免遭毁坏或改变的方法。当notuntil位于句首时，句子要部分倒装，将助动词放到主语前。

6.问答题

Theteachersaidthatif(A)webelievedsomethingwas(B)trueandgoodweshould(C)holdontothem(D).

【答案】试题答案：D;it

【解析】考查代词用法。something意为“某物，某事”，其不定代词要用单数代词it，不能用them。

7.单选题

Every___hasbeentakentoevacuatethestrandedsailorsfromHurricaneBetty.

问题1选项

A.pleasure

B.measure

C.pressure

D.leisure

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项pleasure“快乐；希望；娱乐；令人高兴的事”；B选项measure“测量；措施；程度；尺寸”；C选项pressure“压力；压迫，[物]压强”；D选项leisure“闲暇；空闲；安逸”。句意：已采取一切___疏散贝蒂飓风中搁浅的水手。本句表达“采取措施疏散水手”。因此B选项正确。

8.单选题

Formulatedin1823,theMonroeDoctrine（）thattheAmericanswerenolongeropentoEuropeancolonization.

问题1选项

A.entrusted

B.asserted

C.appreciated

D.reckoned

【答案】B

【解析】entrust委托；assert主张，声称；appreciate欣赏，感激，领会；reckon测算，估计，认为。句意：制定于1823年的门罗主义宣称美国人不再对欧洲殖民开放。选项B符合句意。

9.单选题

Attendanceatcinemahas（

）greatlysincetheinventionofTVsets.

问题1选项

A.droppedin

B.droppedoff

C.droppedon

D.droppedout

【答案】B

【解析】词组辨析题。A选项dropin“使落进”；B选项dropoff“减少”；C选项dropon“偶然发现，突然拜访”；D选项dropout“退出，脱离”。句意：自从发明电视机以来，看电影的人就大大减少了。选项B符合句意。

10.单选题

（）adelay,thetrainwillarriveinShanghaiat6:30a.m.

问题1选项

A.Except

B.Barring

C.Apartfrom

D.Onaccountof

【答案】B

【解析】介词词义解析。except“除了”；barring“倘若”；apartfrom“除……以外”；onaccountof“由于”。题中adelay是一个名词，所以需填入介词。句意：倘若没有延误的话，或者应该会在上午六点半到达上海。选项B符合题意。

11.单选题

Hestudiedatafamouscollegewhenhewasyoung,（）contributedtohissuccessinlaterlife.

问题1选项

A.which

B.it

C.that

D.what

【答案】A

【解析】复合句语法知识。对定语从句的考查。题目为非限制性定语从句。选项A符合题意。

12.单选题

Healthexpertsrecommendleisurelymeals.

问题1选项

A.paidfor

B.deleted

C.gathered

D.regular

【答案】D

【解析】考查词义辨析。leisurely意为“不慌不忙的，慢悠悠的”；payfor意为“赔偿，付款，为……付出代价”；delete意为“删除”；gather意为“聚集，集合”；regular意为“规则的，有规律的”。

句意：健康专家建议从容饮食。

13.单选题

Chinahashundredsofislands.（）isTaiwanIsland.

问题1选项

A.amongthemthelargest

B.andthelargestofwhich

C.andthelargestofthem

D.butinwhichthelargest

【答案】C

【解析】句意:中国有数百个岛屿，最大的岛是台湾岛。

语法题。考查复合句。逗号连接两个句子,因此空格处至少有一个连词。故排除A项。B项中“thelargestofwhich”和D项中“inwhichthelargest”都不能充当主语。因此，正确答案是C项。

14.单选题

Afterthedisasterofflood，peoplealloverthevillagemade_________efforttorebuildtheirhome.

问题1选项

A.superfluous

B.tenuous

C.strenuous

D.fatuous

【答案】C

【解析】形容词词义辨析。superfluous“多余的，不必要的”；tenuous“无关紧要的”；strenuous“费力的，紧张的”；fatuous“愚笨的，昏庸的”。句意：洪灾过后，全村的人们都努力重建家园。选项C符合题意。

15.单选题

What,besideschildren,connectsmothersaroundtheworldandacrosstheseasoftime?It’schickensoup,oneprominentAmericanfoodexpertsays.

FromRussianvillagestoAfricaandAsia,chickensouphasbeentheremedyforthoseweakinbodyandspirit.MotherspasstheirknowledgeontoancientwritersofGreece,ChinaandRome,andeventhe12thcenturyphilosopherandphysicianMosesMainmidesextolleditsvirtues.

Amongtheancients,Aristotlethoughtpoultryshouldstandinhigherestimationthanfour-leggedanimalsbecausetheairislessdensethantheearth.Chickensgotanotherboost（吹捧）inthebookofGenesis,whereitiswrittenthatbirdsandfishwerecreatedonthefifthday,adaybeforefour-leggedanimals.ButaccordingtoMimiSheraton,whohasspentmuchofthepastthreeyearsexploringtheworldofchickensoup,muchofthereasonforchicken’srealorimaginedcurativepowerscomesfromitscolor.

Hernewbook,“TheWholeWorldLovesChickenSoup”，looksatthebelovedandmysteriousbrew,withdozensofrecipesfromaroundtheworld.“Throughouttheages,"shesaid,“therehasbeenalotoffeelingthatwhite-coloredfoodsareeasiertoeatfortheweak-womenandtheill.Inaddition,“soup,oranythingforthatmattereatenwithaspoon”areconsidered“comfortfoods.”Sheratonsaid.

“IlovesoupandlovemakingsoupandasIwascollectingrecipesIbegantoseethisasaninternationaldish...Ithasauniversalmystiqueassomethingcurative,astrengthbuilder.”SheratonsaidfromherNewYorkhome.

Herbooktreatstheoldestremedyasifitwasbrandnew.TheNationalBroilerCouncil,thetradegrouprepresentingthechickenindustry,reportedthat51percentofthepeopleitsurveyedsaidtheyboughtchickenbecauseitwashealthier,50percentsaiditwasversatile,41percentsaiditwaseconomicaland46percentsaiditwaslowinfat.

1.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?

2.Sinceancienttimes,thevalueofchickensoup（）.

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrue?

4.Chickensouphascurativepowersmainlyfor（）accordingtoSheraton.

5.Itcanbesaidfromthesurveythatchickenis（）.

问题1选项

A.ProminentAmericanFoods

B.HistoryofthechickenSoup

C.ChickenSoupRecipes

D.ChickenSoup,aUniversalCure-all

问题2选项

A.hasbeenover-estimated

B.hasbeenwidelyacknowledged

C.hasbeenappreciatedonlybyphilosophers

D.hasbeenknownonlytomothers

问题3选项

A.Chickensouphasaverylonghistory.

B.Sinceancienttimes,chickensouphasbeenahomeremedy.

C.Poultryusuallystandshigherthanfour-leggedanimals.

D.Four-leggedanimalsweresaidtobecreatedonthesixthday.

问题4选项

A.itscolor

B.itstaste

C.itsflavor

D.itsrecipe

问题5选项

A.amaindish

B.apopularfood

C.cheaperthananyotherfood

D.Alloftheabove

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:A

【解析】1.主旨大意题。全文从不同角度，从古至今，讲述了鸡汤的好处。故D项正确。

2.推理判断题。由第二段FromRussianvillagestoAfricaandAsia,chickensouphasbeentheremedyforthoseweakinbodyandspirit.MotherspasstheirknowledgeontoancientwritersofGreece,ChinaandRome,andeventhe12thcenturyphilosopherandphysicianMosesMainmidesextolleditsvirtues.从俄罗斯的村庄到非洲和亚洲，鸡汤一直是那些身体和精神虚弱的人的良药。母亲们把她们的知识传给了古希腊、中国和罗马的古代作家，甚至12世纪的哲学家和医生摩西•梅因米德斯(MosesMainmides)也赞美这种美德。由此可知从古代开始鸡汤的价值就为人所知。故B项正确。

3.推理判断题。由第三段Amongtheancients,Aristotlethoughtpoultryshouldstandinhigherestimationthanfour-leggedanimalsbecausetheairislessdensethantheearth.在古代，亚里士多德认为家禽应该比四条腿的动物站得更高，因为空气的密度比地球小。可知这只是亚里士多德的猜测，不是事实。故C项表述错误。

4.细节事实题。由第三段“ButaccordingtoMimiSheraton,whohasspentmuchofthepastthreeyearsexploringtheworldofchickensoup,muchofthereasonforchicken’srealorimaginedcurativepowerscomesfromitscolor.但在过去3年的大部分时间里，MimiSheraton一直在探索鸡汤的世界。他表示，鸡肉之所以具有真正的或想象中的疗效，在很大程度上是因为它的颜色。可知Sheraton认为鸡汤具有如此强大的疗效在于它的颜色。故A项正确。

5.推理判断题。由最后一段“51percentofthepeopleitsurveyedsaidtheyboughtchickenbecauseitwashealthier,50percentsaiditwasversatile,41percentsaiditwaseconomicaland46percentsaiditwaslowinfat.51%的受访者说他们买鸡肉是因为鸡肉更健康，50%的人说鸡肉有多种用途，41%的人说鸡肉很经济，46%的人说鸡肉脂肪含量低。”可知很多人购买鸡肉，并且购买的原因也多样化，恰好说明了鸡肉成为一种受欢迎的食物。故B项正确。

16.单选题

Ifsustainablecompetitiveadvantagedependsonworkforceskills,Americanfirmshaveaproblem.HumanmanagementisnottraditionallyseenasacentraltothecompetitivesurvivalofthefirmintheUnitedStates.Skillacquisitionisconsideredasindividualresponsibility.Laborissimplyanotherforceofproductiontobehired/rentedatthelowestpossiblecost,whichisamustasonebuysrawmaterialorequipment.

Thelackofimportanceattachedtohumanresourcemanagementcanbeseeninthecorporatepeckingorder.InanAmericanfirmthechieffinancialofficerisalmostalwayssecondincommand.Thepostofheadofhumanresourcemanagementisusuallyaspecializedjob,offattheedgeofthecorporatehierarchy.TheexecutivewhoholdsitisneverconsultedonmajorstrategicdecisionsandhasnochancetomoveuptoChiefExecutiveOfficer.Bywayofcontrast,inJapantheheadofhumanresourcemanagementiscentral-usuallythesecondmostimportantexecutive,aftertheCEO,inthefirm’shierarchy.

WhileAmericanfirmsoftentalkaboutthevastamountsspentontrainingtheirworkforce,infact,theyinvestlessintheskillsoftheiremployeesthandoeitherJapaneseorGermanfirms.Themoneytheydoinvestisalsomorehighlyconcentratedonprofessionalormanagerialemployees.Andthelimitedinvestmentsthatmadeintrainingworkersarealsomuchmorenarrowlyfocusedonthespecificskillsnecessarytodothenextjobratherthanonthebasicbackgroundskillsthatmakeitpossibletoabsorbnewtechnologies.

Asaresult,problemsemergewhennewbreakthroughtechnologiesarrive.IfAmericanworkers,forexampletakemuchlongertolearnhowtooperatenewflexiblemanufacturingstationsthanworkersinGerman(astheydo),theeffectivecostofthosestationsislowerinGermanthanitisinUnitedStates.Moretimeisrequiredbeforeequipmentisupandrunningatthespeedwithwhichnewequipmentisupandrunningatcapacity,andtheneedforextensiveretaininggeneratescostsandcreatesbottlenecksthatlimitthespeedwithwhichnewequipmentcanbeemployed.Theresultisaslowerpaceoftechnologicalchange.Andintheendtheskillsofthebottomhalfofthepopulationaffectthewagesofthetophalf.Ifthebottomhalfcan’teffectivelystafftheprocessesthathavetobeoperated,themanagementandprofessionaljobsthatgowiththeseprocesseswilldisappear.

1.WhichofthefollowingappliestothehumanresourcemanagementofAmericancompanies?

2.Whatisthepositionoftheexecutiveofhuman-resourcemanagementinAmericanfirms?

3.ThemoneymostAmericanfirmsputinworkforcetrainingmainlygoes

on（

）.

4.WhyisthereaslowpaceoftechnologicalchangeinAmericanfirms?

5.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

问题1选项

A.Theyhirepeoplewiththeleastpossiblemoneyregardlessoftheirskills.

B.Theyseeskillsgainastheiremployees’ownbusiness.

C.Theyrefertohireself-trainedworkers.

D.Theyonlyhireskilledworkersbecauseofkeenemploymentcompetition.

问题2选项

A.Heisoneofthemostimportantexecutivesofthefirm.

B.Hispositionislikelytodisappearwhennewtechnologieshavebeenintroduced.

C.Hehasnosayinginmakingimportantdecisionsofthefirm.

D.Heisdirectlyunderthechieffinancialexecutive.

问题3选项

A.technologicalandmanagerialstaff

B.workerswhowillrunnewequipment

C.workerswholackofbasicbackgroundskills

D.topexecutive

问题4选项

A.NewequipmentismoreexpensiveinAmerica.

B.Americanfirmsdon’tpayenoughattentiontoon-the-jobtrainingtheirworkers.

C.ThedecisionmakingprocessinAmericanfirmsmakesthemlessresponsivetotechnologicalchanges.

D.TheprofessionalstaffsofAmericanfirmsarelesspaidandsolesscreative.

问题5选项

A.Americanfirm’humanresourcemanagementstrategiesaffecttheircompetitivecapacity.

B.Humanresourcemanagementisakeyfactorinafirm’ssurvival.

C.ThecostofworktraininginAmericaishigherthanthatinJapanandGermany.

D.AmericanfirmsaredifferentfromJapaneseandGermanfirmsinhumanresourcemanagement.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节题。第一段指出:Skillacquisitionisconsideredasindividualresponsibility.Laborissimplyanotherforceofproductiontobehired/rentedatthelowestpossiblecost,whichisamustasonebuysrawmaterialorequipment(技能获得被视为个人责任。劳动力只是另一种以最低成本雇佣/租赁的生产力量，跟购买原材料或设备一样是必需品)。因此B项(他们认为技能的获得是员工自己的事)正确。

2.细节题。根据题干关键词executiveofhuman-resourcemanagement定位至第二段:Thepostofheadofhumanresourcemanagementisusuallyaspecializedjob,offattheedgeofthecorporatehierarchy.TheexecutivewhoholdsitisneverconsultedonmajorstrategicdecisionsandhasnochancetomoveuptoChiefExecutiveOfficer(人力资源管理主管的职位通常是一个专门的工作，处于公司等级制度的边缘。处于该职位的高管从未就重大战略决策参与讨论，也没有机会晋升为首席执行官),因此选C项(他对公司的重大决策没有发言权)。

3.细节题。第三段指出:Themoneytheydoinvestisalsomorehighlyconcentratedonprofessionalormanagerialemployees,故选A项(技术和管理人员)。

4.细节题。题干问的是为什么美国公司的技术变革步伐缓慢？据此定位至第四段:Theresultisaslowerspaceoftechnologicalchange,此句前面就是原因,故选择C项(美国公司的决策过程使他们跟不上技术变化)。

5.主旨大意题。本文主要是讲美国公司的人力资源管理策略影响他们的竞争能力。A项(美国公司的人力资源管理策略影响其竞争能力)正确。

17.单选题

Whilethecompanyportrayeditsactionsinthedevastatedcityaspurely______itcouldnotshakeaccusationsofselfishnessandopportunism.

问题1选项

A.acquisitive

B.penurious

C.apropos

D.altruistic

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.acquisitive渴求获取财物的，贪婪的B.penurious贫穷的，穷困的

C.apropos恰好的，恰当的D.altruistic利他的

【答案】D

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】根据空格后的句意“不能摆脱自私和机会主义的指责”可知，该公司的行为并不是像其宣称的“纯粹的利他主义”。因此，该题选择D项符合句意。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C项不符合句子意思。

【句意】虽然该公司将其在这座被摧毁的城市的行为描述为纯粹的利他主义，但它无法摆脱自私和机会主义的指责。

18.单选题

Duringthe19thcentury,JewsinmostEuropeancountriesachievedsomeequalityofstatuswithnon-Jews,attimesJewswereharassedbyanti-Semiticgroups.

问题1选项

A.annoyed

B.opposed

C.exploited

D.despised

【答案】A

【解析】动词辨析。句意:在19世纪的时候，大多数欧洲国家的犹太人获得了与非犹太人的平等地位，但是有时他们还会受到反犹太人群体的讨厌。

annoy:烦恼，惹恼。oppose:反对，反抗。exploit:开发，开拓。despise:轻视，蔑视。harass:困扰，烦恼。故选A。

19.单选题

Wewere（）inthemiddleofourconversation.

问题1选项

A.cutoff

B.cutdown

C.cutin

D.cutout

【答案】A

【解析】动词短语。cutoff“中断，切断”；cutdown“砍倒”；cutin“插嘴，插入”；cutout“切掉”。句意：我们在谈话中途中断了。选项A符合题意。

20.单选题

Withtheexpansionofthecompany,themanagerhassomuchworktodothataholidayforhimthisyearis（）.

问题1选项

A.outofquestion

B.outofthequestion

C.beyondallquestion

D.pastquestion

【答案】B

【解析】词组辨析。outofquestion“毫无疑问”；outofthequestion“不可能”；beyondallquestion“毫无疑问”；pastquestion“无可争辩”。句意：随着公司的扩张，经理有很多的工作要做，所以今年的假期对他来说是不可能的。选项B符合题意。

21.单选题

ParliamentaryleadersfailedtounderstandtheAmericancolonist.TheythoughttheAmericanwouldbuythecheap,legalEastIndiaCompanytearatherthanthemoreexpensivesmuggledteafromHolland.

InSeptember,1773,theEastIndiaCompanyPlannedtoship500,000poundsofteatotheirAmericanagentsinportsalongtheAtlanticcoast.WhenthecolonistslearnedabouttheEastIndiaCompany’splan,localteamerchantsinAmericanportsfromSouthCarolinatoMainetookstepstomeetthisattempttodrivethemoutofbusiness.TheBoltonTeaPartywasthemostviolentofthesesteps.Followingthisactofrebellion,GovernorHutchinsoncalledit“theboldeststrokewhichhadbeenstruckinAmerica.”

Parliamentrespondedtothisactofdefiancein1774bypassingaseriesofactsknownastheCoerciveActs.TheyweredesignedtopunishBostonandtoshowcoloniststhroughoutAmericathatEnglandwouldnottoleratesuchresistancetoitsauthority.

1.Accordingtothepassage,parliamentaryleaders（

）.

2.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat

（

）.

3.WhatwastheCoerciveActs?

4.WhatdidtheAmericansdowhentheEastIndiaCompanyplannedtoshipthousandsofpoundsofteatoAmerica?

5.Theword“smuggled”mostlikelymeans（

）.

问题1选项

A.importedteafromSouthCarolina

B.weregreatteadrinkers

C.misjudgedtheAmericancolonist

D.fearedthattheywouldhavetobuycheaptea

问题2选项

A.theAmericanswantedtobuyteafromHolland

B.teainHollandwascheaperthanthatinEngland

C.thecrowdwasgrowingmorepatient

D.theAmericansagreedtotheimpositionofthetax

问题3选项

A.TheyweredesignedtohelppaythecostofprotectingthecoloniesfromtheIndians.

B.TheyweretopermittheEastIndiaCompanytoshipteadirectlytoAmericanports

C.Theywereaseriesofactsknownasthetaxontea

D.TheyweredesignedtoshowAmericansthatEnglandwouldnotbepatientwiththeirresistance

问题4选项

A.Theytriedtodrivethemoutofbusiness

B.TheymedtowelcometheteamerchantsfromtheEastIndiaCompany

C.Theywaitedforthemeetingtodiscussthetaxontea.

D.Theytriedtoacceptportdutiesonimports.

问题5选项

A.togetridof

B.tomakeunabletogetair

C.oortakesth.outofacountrywithoutpaymentoflegalduties

D.tobreakintopiecewithviolenceandnoise

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据文章第一段，“ParliamentaryleadersfailedtounderstandtheAmericancolonist.”，可知议会领导人未能了解美国殖民者。下文就用具体事例说明，他们误以为这些北美殖民者们会购买东印度公司更加便宜的茶叶。可判断出议会的领导人错误地判断了美国殖民者的意图和行为。因此选项C符合题意。

2.判断推理题。根据文章第一段第二句，“TheythoughttheAmericanwouldbuythecheap,legalEastIndiaCompanytearatherthanthemoreexpensivesmuggledteafromHolland.”，可知他们认为美国人会买便宜合法的东印度公司的茶叶，而不是购买从荷兰走私来的更贵的茶叶。可判断出美国人更愿意从荷兰购买茶叶。因此选项A符合题意。

3.细节事实题。根据文章最后一段，“TheyweredesignedtopunishBostonandtoshowcoloniststhroughoutAmericathatEnglandwouldnottoleratesuchresistancetoitsauthority.”，可知他们制定这一系列强制性法案的目的是惩罚波士顿，并向美洲各地的殖民者表明，英国不会容忍这种对其权威的反抗。可判断出制定此法案的目的实际上是向美国人表明，英国不会容忍他们的反抗。因此选项D符合题意。

4.细节事实题。根据文章第二段，“WhenthecolonistslearnedabouttheEastIndiaCompany’splan,localteamerchantsinAmericanportsfromSouthCarolinatoMainetookstepstomeetthisattempttodrivethemoutofbusiness.”，可知当殖民者得知东印度公司的计划时，从南卡罗来纳到缅因州的美国港口的当地茶叶商人采取一系列措施使他们破产。可判断出当东印度公司计划向美国运送数千磅茶叶时，美国人企图采取措施让他们破产。因此选项A符合题意。

5.词义理解题。根据文章第一段第二句，“…legalEastIndiaCompanytearatherthanthemoreexpensivesmuggledteafromHolland.”，可知美国人购买从荷兰走私的更贵的茶叶，而不是合法的东印度公司的茶叶，句子中legal和smuggled形成对比，可知smuggled的意思为“走私的”，可将smuggle解释为将某物输入或输出一个国家而不需要支付合法税款。因此选项C符合题意。

22.单选题

Thisyoungman,（）withacravingformaterialisticgratification,caresaboutnothingbutmoney.

问题1选项

A.obsessed

B.negotiated

C.compromised

D.provided

【答案】A

【解析】动词辨析题。obsessedwith沉迷于；negotiatedwith与…协商；compromisedwith向（某人）妥协；providedwith给…提供。句意：这个年轻人贪图物质上的满足，只关心钱。选项A符合句意。

23.单选题

Tocallthemusicofanothermusic-culture"primitive"is（）one’sownstandardsonagroupthatdoesnotrecognizethem.

问题1选项

A.putting

B.emphasizing

C.forcing

D.imposing

【答案】D

【解析】考查词组。impose……on……“把……强加于……”句意：叫另一种音乐文化的乐曲为“原始的东西”，是一个处于不了解他们的人群中的人，把自己的标准强加给别人。因此可知D为正确答案。

24.单选题

I___tocallonyou,butwaspreventedfromdoingso.

问题1选项

A.meant

B.hasmeant

C.wasmeaning

D.hadmeant

【答案】D

【解析】考查时态。根据but之后的动词waspreventedfrom为过去时态，而meantocallonyou发生waspreventedfrom之前，过去的过去，则时态为过去完成时。在句意：我本想拜访你，但被阻止了。因此D选项正确。

25.单选题

Somepeoplebelievethat“KingJohn”waswrittenbyShakespeare,butsomepeoplethinkitmightbewrittenbyan（）author.

问题1选项

A.ambiguous

B.authentic

C.antique

D.anonymous

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。ambiguous模糊不清的，模棱两可的；authentic真正的，真实的；antique古老的，年代久远的；anonymous匿名的，无名的。由but可知前后句所述内容相反，前半句说有人相信莎士比亚是《约翰王》的作者，后半句推测作者是一个匿名的作家。故D项正确。句意：有些人认为《约翰王》是莎士比亚写的，但有些人认为它可能是匿名的作者写的。

26.单选题

Wewouldcontactyournearestrelative（）anyaccidentoccurring.

问题1选项

A.onaccountof

B.inspiteof

C.intheeventof

D.inplaceof

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项onaccountof“由于；因为”；B选项inspiteof“尽管；不管”；C选项intheeventof“万一；倘若”；D选项inplaceof“代替”。句意：……任何意外发生，我们会与您最近的亲人联络。根据句意可知，空中应填入一个表示假设的短语，因此选项C正确。

27.翻译题

两根平行的（parallel）橡皮筋（rubberband）所提供的力为一根橡皮筋的两倍。

【答案】Twoparallelrubberbandsprovidetwiceasmuchforceasonerubberband.

28.单选题

Electricvehiclesarepotentialgamechangersintransportation,asectorwhich（

）largestshareofoilconsumption.

问题1选项

A.poses

B.assumes

C.represents

D.owes

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。pose意为“产生，提出，摆好姿势”；assume意为“假定，认为”；represent意为“代表”；owe意为“欠，归功于，应给予”。

句意：电动汽车是交通运输中潜在的游戏变革者，是占石油消费比重最大的部门。

29.单选题

WouldyoupleaseconicandhelpmewiththisapplicationformbecauseIdon’tknowhowto（）it.

问题1选项

A.setaside

B.setup

C.setoff

D.setabout

【答案】D

【解析】句意:我不知如何开始，所以你能过来帮助我做下这个申请表格不？

考查短语辨析。Setaside留出,驳回,把……放在一边;setup建立;setoff出发,引起,使爆炸,抵消；setabout着手,开始做。D符合句意。

30.单选题

Mostofusaretaughttopayattentiontowhatissaid—thewords.Wordsdoprovideuswithsomeinformation,butmeaningsarederivedfromsomanyothersourcesthatitwouldhinderoureffectivenessasapartnertoarelationshiptorelytooheavilyonwordsalone.Wordsareusedtodescribeonlyasmallpartofthemanyideasweassociatewithanygivenmessage.Sometimeswecangaininsightintosomeofthoseassociationsifwelistenformorethanwords.

Wedon'talwayssaywhatwemeanormeanwhatwesay.Sometimesourwordsdon'tmeananythingexcept“I'mlettingoffsomesteam.Idon'treallywantyoutopaycloseattentiontowhatI'msaying.JustpayattentiontowhatI'mfeeling."Mostlywemeanseveralthingsatonce.Apersonwantingtopurchaseahousesaystothecurrentowner."ThisstephastobefixedbeforeI'llbuy."Theownersays,"It'sbeenlikethatforyears."Actually,thestephasn'tbeenlikethatforyears,buttheunspokenmessageis:"Idon'twanttofixit.Weputupwithit.Whycan'tyou?"Thesearchforamoreexpansiveviewofmeaningcanbedevelopedbyexaminingamessageintermsofwhosaidit,whenitoccurred,therelatedconditionsorsituation,andhowitwassaid.

Whenamessageoccurscanalsorevealassociatedmeaning.Letusassumetwocouplesdoexactlythesameamountofkissingandarguing.Butonecouplealwayskissesafteranargumentandtheoiliercouplealwaysarguesafterakiss.Theorderingofthebehaviorsmaymeanagreatdealmorethanthefrequencyofthebehavior.Afriend'sunusuallydocilebehaviormayonlybeunderstoodbynotingthatitwasprecededbysituationsthatrequiredanabnormalamountofassertiveness.Someresponsesmaybedirectlylinkedtoadevelopingpatternofresponsesanddefylogic.Forexample,apersonwhosays"No”toaserialsofchargeslike“You'redumb.”“You'relazy,”and“You'redishonest,”mayalsosay“No”andtrytojustifyhisorherresponseifthenextstatementis“Andyou'regoodlooking.”

Wewoulddowelltolistenforhowmessagesarepresented.Thewords,“Ifsurehasbeen

nicetohaveyouover,”canbesaidwithemphasisandexcitementorritualistically.Thephrasecanbesaidonceorrepeatedseveraltimes.Andthemeaningsweassociatewiththephrasewillchangeaccordingly.Sometimesifwesaysomethinginfrequentlyitassumesmoreimportance;sometimesthemorewesaysomethingthelessimportanceitassumes.

1.“I'mlettingoffsomesteam”inparagraph2means（

）.

2.Effectivecommunicationisrenderedpossiblebetweentwoconversingpartners,if

（

）.

3.Thehouse-owner'sexampleshowsthatheactuallymeans

（

）.

4.Theword"ritualistically"inthelastparagraphequalssomethingdone（

）.

问题1选项

A.I'mjustcallingyourattention.

B.I'mjustkidding.

C.I'mjustsayingtheopposite.

D.I'mjustgivingoffsomesound.

问题2选项

A.theyuseproperwordstocarrytheirideas

B.theybothspeaktrulyoftheirownfeelings

C.theytrytounderstandeachother'sideasbeyondwords

D.theyarecapableofassociatingmeaningwiththeirwords

问题3选项

A.thestephasbeenlikethatforyears.

B.hedoesn'tthinkitnecessarytofixthestep.

C.theconditionofthestepisonlyaminorfault.

D.thecostinvolvedinthefixingshouldbeshared.

问题4选项

A.withouttrueintention

B.light-heartedly

C.inawayofceremony

D.withlessemphasis

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:C

【解析】第1题:细节事实题。由“Wedon’talwayssaywhatwemeanormeanwhatwesay.Sometimesourwordsdon’tmeananythingexceptI’mlettingoffsomesteam.Idon’treallywantyoutopaycloseattentiontowhatI’msaying.JustpayattentiontowhatI’mfeeling.我们并不总是言出必行。有时候我们说的话没有任何意义，只是在发泄。我真的不希望你仔细听我说的话。但是请注意我的感受。”可知B项“我在开玩笑”正确。答案B。

第2题:细节事实题。由第一段中的“Wordsdoprovideuswithsomeinformation,butmeaningsarederivedfromsomanyothersourcesthatitwouldhinderoureffectivenessasapartnertoarelationshiptorelytooheavilyonwordsalone.词汇确实给我们提供了一些信息，但它的意义来自于如此多的其他来源，以至于过多依赖言语会阻碍我们与他人交流的有效性。”可知D项正确，不能太依赖字面意思，而是要根据具体语境去联想，这样才能增加交流的有效性。答案D

第3题:细节事实题。由“Actually,thestephasn’tbeenlikethatforyears,buttheunspokenmessageis:‘Idon’twanttofixit…’事实上，这个台阶已经很多年来不是这样的，但其中隐含的信息是：‘我不想把它修好……’”对应可知B项正确。

第4题:词义题。此题可以根据排除法来做。由“withemphasisandexcitementorritualistically.”可知这句话“如果你能来那真是太好了”可以用强调、兴奋或仪式性的语气说出来。可先排除B、D项，A项“没有真正的意图”也不符合。所以ritualistically意为仪式地。答案Ctically只可能与C项意思接近，答案C

31.翻译题

为了寻找实验室试验的替代品，经济学家十分关注历史所提供的自然实验。例如，当中东战争中断了原油运输时，全世界石油价格飞涨。对石油和石油产品的消费者来说，这个事件降低了他们的生活水平。对经济决策者来说，它提出了选择最优反应的难题。但对经济科学家来说，它提供了研究关键自然资源对世界经济影响的机会，而且，在战争引起的石油价格上涨结束后，这种机会还会持续很长时间。因此，在本书中我们要考虑许多历史事件。这些事件之所以具有研究价值，既是因为它们能使我们了解过去的经济，更重要的则是因为它们使我们可以说明并评价现在的经济理论。

Directions:TranslatethefollowingparagraphfromChineseintoEnglish.

【答案】Inordertofindasubstituteforlaboratoryexperiments,economistspaycloseattentiontothenaturalexperimentsprovidedbyhistory.WhenawarintheMiddleEastinterruptedtheflowofcrudeoil,forinstance,oilpricessoaredupthroughouttheworld.Forconsumersinoilandoilproducts,suchaneventhasreducedtheirlivingstandards.Foreconomicpolicymakers,itputsforwardtheproblemofchoosingthebestresponse.Butforeconomicscientists,itprovidesanopportunitytostudytheimpactofkeynaturalresourcesontheworldeconomy,andthisopportunitywillpersistforlongafterthewartimeincreaseinoilpriceisover.Therefore,throughoutthisbookwewillconsideralotofhistoricalevents.Theseeventsarevaluabletostudybecausetheyenableustounderstandtheeconomyofthepast,andmoreimportantly,becausethey