2020职称英语综合类C级真题(阅读理解)

2020职称英语综合类C级真题（阅读理解）第4部分：阅读理解（第31-45题，每题3分，共45分）下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个选项。第一篇WhyBuyShade-GrownCoffee?Whenpeopleargueaboutwhethercoffeeisgoodforhealth,they'reusuallythinkingofthehealthofthecoffeedrinker.Isitfoodforyourheart?Doesitincreasebloodpressure?Doesithelpyouconcentrate?However,coffeeaffectsthehealthofthehumanpopulationinotherways,too.Traditionally,coffeebusheswereplantedunderthecanopy（树冠）oftallerindigenous（土生土长的）trees.However,moreandmorefarmersinLatinAmericaaredeforestingthelandtogrowfull-suncoffees.Atfirst,thisincreasesproductionbecausemorecoffeebushescanbeplantediftherearen'tanytrees.Withincreasedproductioncomeincreasedprofits.Unfortunately,deforestingforcoffeeproductionimmediatelydecreaseslocal-wildlifehabitat.Nativebirdsnestandhidefrompredators（捕食者）inthetalltreesandmigratingbirdsrestthere.Furthermore,inthelongterm,thefull-sunmethodalsodamagestheecosystembecausemorechemicalfertilizersandpesticidesareneededtogrowthecoffee.Thefertilizersandpesticideskillinsectsthateatcoffeeplant,butthenthebirdseatthepoisonedinsectsandalsodie.Thechemicalskillorsickenotheranimalsaswell,andcanevenenterthewaterthatpeoplewilleventuallydrink.Fortunately,farmersinCentralandSouthAmericaarebeginningtogrowmorecoffeebushesintheshade.Wecansupportthesefarmersbybuyingcoffeewithsuchlabelsas"shadegrown"and"birdfriendly."Sure,thesevarietiesmightcostalittlemore.Butwe'repayingforthehealthofthebirds,theland,ourselves,andtheplanet.Ithinkit'sworthit.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?Farmersarechangingthewaytheygrowcoffee.Coffeeisbecomingmoreexpensivetoproduce.Shade-growcoffeeismoreexpensivethansun-growcoffee.Peopleshouldbuyshade-growncoffee.Thefunctionoftheword"Traditionally"inParagraph2istoshow.thepositiveeffectsofcoffee.achangeofcoffeegrowth.somethingthatisthemostimportant.howcoffeeproductionusedtobe.Whatdoesincreasedproductionoffull-suncoffeebringabout?Moreinsects.Betterqualitycoffee.Largerfarms.Higherprofits.Howdofarmersfindmorelandforgrowingfull-suncoffee?Theybuymorelandfromotherfarmers.Theycutdowntrees.Theymovetoanothercountry.Theyturngrasslandintofarmland.Thefull-sunmethodmayaffectthefollowingEXCEPTfullsuninsects.air.birdshumans第二篇AcrosstheDesertTheSaharaDesertisthelargestdesertintheworld.ItstretchesacrossAfricafromSenegaltoEgypt.TheSaharaDesertisanunfriendlyenvironment.Duringthedayit'sveryhot,andatnightit'ssometimesverycold.ItisalsodifficulttofindwaterintheSahara.In2006，KevinLin,RayZahab,andCharlieEngledecidedtodosomethingverydifficult.TheymadethedecisiontorunacrosstheSaharaDesert4,300miles(6,920km).Itseemedimpossibletodo,buttheywantedtotry.Thethreemenlikedtotestthemselves,andthiswouldbeaverybigtest.OnthemorningofNovember,Kevin,Ray,andCharliestartedtheirtripacrosstheSahara.Everymorningtheybeganrunningat5：00.At11a.m.theystoppedandresteduntil5p.m.Thentheyranagainuntil9：30intheevening.Eachdaytheyranabout40miles(64km).Everydayitwasthesamething.Theygotupandran.TheylistenedtomusicontheiriPods,andtheyranandran.Kevin,Ray,andCharlieneededtoeatalotoffoodduringtheirtrip.Mostpeopleneedabout2,000caloriesoffoodeachday.Kevin,Ray,andCharlieneededbetween6,000and9,000calorieseveryday.That'salotoffood!Theyalsoneededtodrinkalotofwater.Thethreemenhadsomeproblemsontheirtrip,andmanytimestheywantedtoquitandgohome.Itwasoftenveryhot(140°F/60°C)duringtheday,andtheheatmadethemsickTheirlegsandfeethurt.Sometimesitwasverywindy,andtheycouldn'tsee.Onetimetheygotlost.Buttheydidn'tquit.After111days,Kevin,Ray,andCharliesuccessfullyfinishedtheirtripacrosstheSaharaDesert.TheyhuggedeachotherandputtheirhandsonthewateroftheRedSea.Thentheyrantoahoteltotakealongshower.TheSaharaDesertisnotfitforpeopletoliveinbecauseofits.extremeweatherremotenessvastnesssaltywaterWhatdoes‘averybigtest'inparagraph2meansAcompetitiveexaminationAwisedecisionArealchallengeAtime-savingtaskKevin,RayandCharlie.restedat5pmeverydaytookashortbreakatnoonstartedtheirtripeverymorningdidn'trunintheeveningThethreemenrealizedthattheirtripwasfinishedwhenthey.sawtheRedSeafoundahotelateupallthefooddrankallthewaterWhat'sthereasonforthesuccessoftheirtrip?TheypreparedsufficientfoodTheynevergotlost.Theydevelopedagoodplan.Theynevergaveup.第三篇TheValueofTearsTearscanruinmake-up,bringconversationtoastop,andgiveyouarunnynose.Theycanleaveyouembarrassedandwithoutenergy.However,cryingisafactoflife,andtearsareveryuseful.Evenwhenyou'renotcrying,youreyesusedtoexpressingemotion.Thesecreateafilmovertheeye'ssurface.Thisfilmcontainsasubstancethatprotectsyoureyesagainstinfection.Tearsrelievestress，butwetendtofightthemforallsortsofreasons."Peopleworryaboutshowingtheiremotions.They'reafraidthatoncetheylosecontrol,they'llnevergetitback,"explainspsychologistDorothyRowe."AsChildrenweweresometimespunishedforsheddingtearsorexpressinganger.Asadultswestillfeartheconsequencesofshowingemotions."Almostanyemotion-goodorbad,happyorsad-cancausetears.Cryingisawaythatwereleasebuilt-upemotions.Tearshelpyouwhenyoufeelyouarereadytoexplodebecauseofverystrongfeelings.Itmayexplainwhypeoplewhoareafraidtocryoftensuffermoreheartattacksthanpeoplewhocrymorefreely.Whensomepeoplebecomeverystressed,however,theycan'tcry.Theymaybefeelingshock,anger,fear,orgrief,buttheyrepresstheemotion."Everyonehastheneedtocry，"says?psychotherapistVeraDiamond.Sometimesintherapysessions,patientsparticipateincryingexercises.Theypracticecryingsothattheycangetusedtoexpressingemotion.Diamondsaysit'sbesttocryinsafe,privateplaces,likeunderthebedcoverorinthecar.That'sbecausemanypeoplegetuncomfortablewhenotherscryinfrontofthem.Infact,theymayberepressingtheirownneedtocry.Incertainsituations,suchasatwork,tearsarenotappropriate.It'sgoodtoholdbacktearsduringatensebusinessdiscussion."Butonceyouaresafelybehindcloseddoors,don'tjustcry,"Diamondsays.Shesuggeststhatyouactoutthewholesituationagainandbeasnoisyandangryasyoulike.Itwillhelpyoufeelbetter."And,"sheadds,"onceyourtearshave