2019年6月英语四级真题及答案完整版(卷一)

2019年6月英语四级真题及答案完整版（卷一）PartIWritn30minute）试。Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanewsreporttoyourschoolnewspaperonavolunteeractivityorganizedbyyourStudentUniontohelpelderlypeopleintheneighborhood.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsnotmorethan180words.【范文】YoungVolunteersVisitedaNursingHomeVolunteersfromouruniversityvisitedanursinghomelocatedinHangzhouonJune14th,whichwashighlyappraisedbytheelderlythere.Upontherival,tearsofjoyglistenedinentheyoungstudentspresentedthemwithwell-preparedgifts.Then,thestudentstalkedtothemone-on-onewithkindness.Boththeyouthandtheagedwerewillingtosharetheirlifestories,immersinginanatmosphereofjoy.Whenitwastimefortheyoungsterstoleave,theelderlythankedthemoverandoveragain.Andthevolunteersexpressedthattheylearnedalotandwereallstunnedbytheoptimismtheirelderlyfriendshadfortheirfuture.AccordingtoWinstonChurchill,aBritishstats,akealivingbywhatweget,butwemakealifebywhatwegieThevisitnotonlyenrichesthesolylife,butalsoprovidestheyouthwithanopportunitytolearnsomeimportantlifelessonsfromtheelderlyresidents.ByAria,schoolnewspaper【点评】写作试题是考查考生综合运用英语语言的能力，四级写作试题对考生的要求也越来越高。今年考查了新闻报道这一新的文章体裁，这也就意味着出题人更加强调学生把考场作文和真实生活中的写作联系在一起，对于学生观察生活的能力提出了更高的要求——注意到新闻的格式和内容安排的特点。一方面，新闻报道需要写出标题和落款，标题注意简洁明了，落款既要写出人名还要按照新闻报道的格式写出by最后还要写出所在的新闻机构。另一方面，在内容上，分三段进行写作，第一段写导语，点明事件的基本情况（时间、地点、事件、人物、目的或意义第二段写经过（一般按照时间顺序进行书写，同时可以对其中一个小事进行特写，中间还可以穿插人物采访）;第三段写对这一事件，人物的看法、想法和观点。今年考查的话题是养老院、农场和当地小学，与考生的生活比较贴近，在写作时，列举的例子应较为典型，这样阅卷老师很容明白考生文中所描述的内容。同时，考生对这个例子也应很熟悉，能够熟练运用一些有关的词或短语，这样下笔时才会有话可说，从而将相关的背景知识与正确的语言表达有效地结合起来。这些话题与大学生的生活息息相关。这些话题对于考生而言都会有话可说，并且能够提出一定的看法和观点。Part2ListeningSectionANewsreport1

25minutes）此篇新闻是关于一个从旧金山游到岛屿的9岁男孩，首发于2016年1社的报道。这属于社会新闻，是新闻中听懂难度较低的一种。但这篇新闻存在较多地点专有名词，可能会对考生在听力中造成影响。新闻主旨题。重点听开头前两句。新闻细节题。A9-year-oldcentralCaliforniaboybravedstrongcurrentsandcoldwatertoswimfromSanFranciscotoAlcatrazIslandandback.ACaliforniatelevisionstationEnfresno,reportedTuesdaythatJimSavage,setarecordastheyoungestswimmertomakethejourneytotheformerprison.TheTVstationreportedthatbycompletingtheswim,thefourthgradestudentfromLosbaniosbrokearecordpreviouslyheldbya10-year-oldboy.JimsaidthatwavesintheSanFranciscoBayhittinghimintheface30minutesintothisswim,madehimwanttogiveup.Hisfathersaid,hehadofferedhisson100dollarsasareward.Toencouragehisstrugglingson,hedoubleditto200dollars.Jamespushedforward,makingittoAlcatrazIslandandbackinalittlemorethan2hours.AlcatrazisovamilefromQuestions1theandmainland.2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.1.WhatdidtheboyfromcentralCaliforniadoaccordingtoreport?2.Whatdidthefatherdotoencouragehisson?Newsreport2较少，对于考生听懂的难度应该不高。考察新闻中“原因”要素。由于是此篇新闻的第一题，考点句仍然落在头两句。结尾处+转折处考点。OnthefirstJanuaynewregulationswerecomingtoafactwhicheliminatedanannualleavebonusforpeoplewhoputoffmarriageuntiltheageof23forwomenand25formen,theSouthChinamorningpostreports.Theholidaybonuswastodesigntoencourageyoungpeopletodelaygettingmarried,inlineswit'hna-childpolicy,butwiththepolicynowbeenabolished,thisholidayincentiveisnolongernecessary.Thegovernmentsays.Inshanghai,theyoungcoupleattheregistrationofficetoldthepaperthattheydecidedtoregtheirmarriageassoonaspossibletotakeadvantageoftheexistingpolicy.Becauseanextraholidaywasabigdealforthem.InBeijing,oneregistrationofficehadabout300couplesseekingtogetmarriedthedaychangeswereannounced.Ratherthantheusualnumber,oftenbetween70and80,butonelawyertellthepaperthechangesstillhavetobeadoptedbylocalgovernmentsandthisprocedurestaketime,sopeoplewhoarerushingforamarriagecanrelax.Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.WhatwaspurposeoftheannualleavebonusofChina?Whatdowelearnaboutthenewregulations?Newreport3这篇新闻新西兰两个女佣创业，专门负责清理家庭聚会后的残局。主旨题。考点句位于开头处。结尾考点。Everyonelovesagoodhouseparty,butthecleaningupinthenextmorsisnenjoyable.Nowhowever,aNewZealandbasedstartupcompanyaimstobringmessyhomesandevensplittingheadachesbacktonormal.TheproperlynamedstartupMorningAfterMaids,waslaunchedabout1monthagoinAucklandbyroom-maidsRebeccaFollyandCatherineAshers.Asidefromcleaningup,thetwowillalsocookbreakfastandevengetcoffeeandpainkillersforrecoveringmerrymakers.Althoughtheyarebothgainfullyemployed,theydidcleaningjobsintotheirnightsandweekendswhichiswhentheirserviceisinmostdemandanyway.Besidesbeingflattedwithrequestfromacrossthecountry,FollyandAshershavealsoreceivedrequestfromtheUSandCanadatoprovidetheservicesthere,theyarereportedlymeetingwithlawyerstoseehowbesttotakethebusinessforward,Question5—7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.whatisthenewsreportmainlyabout?whatisthecommonproblemofthehouseparty?whatareRebeccaFollyandCatherinAshishplanningtodo?LongConversation1长对话这篇长对话生活类题材，话题也是大家非常熟悉的考驾照。是两人就男生的驾考进行对话，男生是对话的核心，回答女生的问题。W:Carl,howdidyouroryexamgo?Itwasyesterday,right?M:reparedasmuchasIcould.ButIwassonervoussinceitwasmysecondtrial.Thepeoplewhoworkedatthetestcenterwereverykindthough.Wehadalittleconversationwhichcalmedmedownabit,andthatwasjustwhatIneeded.Then,aftertheexam,theyprintedoutmyresult.ButIwasafraidtoopenituntilIwasoutside.IwassuchareliefthatIW:Congratulations!Iknewyoucoulddoit.Ithinkyouunderestimatedhowdifficultitwoulbethefirsttime,ou?Ihearalotofpeoplemakethatmistakeandgoinunderprepared.Butgoodjobinpassingthesecondproudofyou.Now,allyouhavetodonextisyourroadtest.Haveyouhadanylessonsyet?M:Yes,thanks.msohappytobeactuallyontheroadnlyhadtwodrivinglessonssofar,andmyinstructorisveryunderstandirSlyenjoyingit.'naitformynextsession.Althoughthelessonsareratherexpensive.20poundsanhour,andtheinstructorsanleedabove040lessonsintotal,hat?—8hundredpounds.So,thisedtomakealotmoreeffort,andthefirsttime.W:Well,goodluck.Questions8—11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.Whatdidthemandoyesterday?Whydidhefailtheexamthefirsttime?

Isuccessful10.Whatdoesthemansayabouthisdrivinglessons?11.Whatdoesthemanhopetodonext?LongConversation2这篇对话是校园场景类的对话，出现了很多往年校园场景类对话中出现过的词汇。对话内容是两个学生在讨论他们的学习和毕业后的工作。开头题，考点句就在第一轮对话的问句里。细节题，这轮对话是女生提问，男生回答，重点听男生说话，不难发现only所在的句子。细节题。和第二题同一轮对话，所以重点仍然是男生说自己，或者女生说对方的内容。最后一轮对话是男生提问，所以重点听女生。关注but容。M:Emma,I'vegotacceptedtotheuniversityofLeads.SicrooingtouniversityinEngland,doyouknowhowmuchitisforinternationalstudentstostudythere?W:Congratulations.Yes,Ibelieveforinternationalstuenletopayaround13,000poundsayear,jusstabitmorethanthelocalstudents.M:OK,out17,000dollarsforthetuitionandfees.goingtobethereforayear,doingmymasters.ptettygood.IfIstayedinthee2years,andcostatleast50,000dollarsintuitionalone.Also,IhaveagoodchanceofwinningascholarshipatLeads,whichwouldbeprettyawesome,thebenefitofbeingamusicgenius.W:Yeah,Iheardyouareatalentedpianoplayer.SoyouaredoingaW:Yeah,Iheardyouareatalentedpianoplayer.Soyouaredoingapost-graduatedegreenow?mstillinmylastyear,graduatingnextJune.FinallyI'blledonewithmystudies,andcouldgoontoearninglotsofmoney.M:Areyoustillplanningonbeingateacher?NomoneyatthatjobtheW:YouW:You'dbesurprised,mstillgoingtobeateacher.Buttheplanistoworkataninternationchooloverseas,afterIgetayearorsoexperienceinEngland.bsetterpaid,andIgettotravel,whichremidsmeImlateformyclass,run.

egotsomedocumentsIneedtoprintoutfr

ottoQuestions12—15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.Whatdoesthemanwanttoknow?Whatisthemangoingtodo?Whatmightqualifythemanforascholarshipattheleadsuniversity?Whatisthewomanplanningtodoaftergraduation?e1第一篇是说明介绍答案出现在听力开篇处。第二题的出现位置较后，需要考生保持耐心。听到“ina”的时候紧张起来，就能听到答案句最后一道题往往出在结尾处。反复出现的信息。原文：Scientistshaveidentifiedthousandsofknownantsspeciesaroundtheworld.Andonlyafewofthembughumans.Mostantsliveinthewoods,oroutinnature.There,theykeepothercreaturesincheck,distributeseeds,andcleandeadanddecayingmaterialsfromtheground.Averysmallpercentageofantsdoharmtohumans.Butthoseareincrediblychallengingtocontrol.Theyaresmallenoughtoeasilyslipinsideyourhouse.Liveincoloniesthatnumbeinthetensofthousandstothehundredsofthousands,andreproducequickly.Thatmakesthemgoodatgettingin,andhardtokickout.Oncetheysettlein,theseinsectsstartaffecyourhome.Inadditiontobargingants,otherspeciescancausedifferentkindsofdamage.Some,likecarpenterants,canundermineahomestructure,whileothersinterferewiththeelectricalunits.Unfortunately,ourhomesareveryattractivetoants,becauseitprovideseverythingthecoloneedstosurvive,suchasfood,water,andshelter.So,howcanwepreventantsfromgettingintoourhomes?Mostimportantofall,avoidgivingantsanyaccesstofood,particularlysufood,becauseantshaveasweettooth.Wealsoneedtocleanupspillsassoonastheyoccur,andstorefoodinair-tightcontainers.Evengarbageattractsants,soemptyyourtrashasofasstoreyouroutsidegarbageinaliddedcan,whileawayfromdoorsandwindows.Questions16—18arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.Whatdoesthepassagesayaboutants?Whatdowelearnfromthepassageaboutcarpenterants?Whatcanwedotopreventantsfromgettingintoourhomes?Passage2短文第2篇是一篇自述，介绍了“我”在老年保健领域的研究工作。体裁接近下午六级section。文章主旨题，答案出现在听力开篇处，第一句话直接出答案，在开头走神的考生很容易失去第一道题的答案。细节题。细节题，和第2题的位置很接近。但通过反复听到的“old原文：Myresearchfocusisonwhathappenstoourimmunesystemasweage.Sothejoboftheimmunesystemistofightinfections.Italsoprotectsusfromvirusesandfromautoimmunediseases.Weknowthataswegetolder,it'seasierforustogetaffections.Soolderadultshavemorechancesoffallingill.Thisisevidencethatourimmunesystemreallydoesn'tfunctionsowellwhenweage.Inmostofourwork,whenwewerelookingatolderadultswho'vegotanillness,wealwayshavetohavehealthcontrols.SoweworkverycloselywithagreatgroupofvolunteerscalledtheOneThousandElders,thesevolunteersareall65orover,butingoodhealth.Theycometotheuniversitytoprovideuswithbloodsamplestobeinterviewedandtohelpustocarryoutawholerangeofresearch.Therealimpactofourresearchisgoingtobeonhealthinoldage.Atthemoment,wearelivingmuchlonger.Lifeexpectancyisincreasingat2yearsforeverydecade,thatmeansanextra5hoursaday.Iwanttomakesurethatolderadultsarestillabletoenjoytheiroldage,andthatthenotspendingtimeinhospitalwithinfection.Fellingunwellandbeinggenerallyweakwewantpeopletobehealthyevenwhentheyareold.Questions19—21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.19.Whatisthefocusofthespeasesearch?WhatWhatarethevolunteersareaskeddoesthespeakersaywillbetodointheresearch?theimpactofhisresearch?Passage3短文第3篇是记叙文，人物故事题。介绍了一个老师在小学教授国际象棋的事，也介绍了这所小学的教学特点。介绍学校和人物故事是四级短文出现很多次的类型。第一题答案仍然出现在听力开篇处，第一句话直接出答案。细节题。细节题细节题。WhenTedKomadastartedteaching14yearsagoatKilipElementary,henowhowtomanageaclassroomandwasstrugglingtoconnectwithstudents,henoticedacoupleofdaysafterschoolthatagroupofkidwouldgettogethertoplaewhowtoplaychess,letmegoandshowthesekidshowtodoiesaid.Now,Komadacoachestheschool'cshessteam.Thewholeprogramasafeplacecomeafterschool.Andthisweek,dozensofthosestudentsaregettingreadytoheadouttoNashvilleTennesseetocompetewithabout5000otheryoungpeopleattheSuperNationalsofChess.Thecompetitiononlyhappenseveryfouryears,andthelasttimetheteamwent,theywonthethirdplaceinthenation.Komadagiveshimandhisstudentscontrol.Theschoolhasthehighestnumberofkidsfromlow-incomefamilies.Policefrequenttheareadayandnight.As2monthsago,ayoungmanwasshotjustdownthestreet.Komadalikestoteachhisstudentsthatthhouldthinkabouttheirmovebeforeteoit.Thelessonstherealworld.Studentsaremorelikelytothinkabouttheiractionstherealworld.Studentsaremorelikelytothinkabouttheiractionsandseewhethertheywileadtotrouble.Questions22—25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.WhatdidTedKomadanoticeonedayafterhestartedteachingatKilipElementary?WhataredozensofstudentsfromKomad'sschoolgoingtodothisweek?WhatdowelearnaboutthestudentsofKilipElementary?WhathavethestudentslearnedfromKomada?PartⅢReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectwordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonANSWERSHEET2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Shipsareoftensunkinordertocreateunderwaterefs)(perfectforscubadriving水肺式潜泳)andpreservingmarine26.Turkishauthoritieshavejustsunksomethingalittledifferentthanaship,andi'omallyevertouchwater,anAirbusA300.Thehollowed-outA300was27ofeverythingpotentiallyharmfultotheenvironmentandsunkofftheAegeancoasttoday/Notonlywillthesunkenplane28theperfectskeletonforartificireefgrowth,butauthoritieshopethisnewunderwaterattractionwillbringtouristtotheaTheplane29atotallengthof54meters,whereexperiencedscubadiverswill30beabletoventurethroughthecabinandaroundthe1.AydinMunicipalityboughttheplanefromaprivatecompanyforjustunderUS$100,000,buttheyhopetoseeareturnonthat32throughthetourismindustry.TourismthroughoutTurkeyisexpectedtofallthisyearasthecountryhasbeenthe33ofseveraldeadlyterroristattacks.Asfarassunkenplanesgo,thisAirbusA300isthelargest34sunkaircraftever.Takingatripunderwaterand35theinsideofasunkenA300wouldbequiteanadventure,andthatisexactlywhatTurkishauthoritiesarehopingthisattractionwillmakepeoplethiDrawinginadventureseekersandexperienceddivers,thisnewartificialAirbusreefwillbeascubadiverse(堂).A)createB)depressedC)eventuallyD)ExperiencesE)exploringF)exteriorG)habitatsH)innovateI)intentionallyJ)investmentK)revealingL)stretchesM)strippedN)territory35.E【答案解析】

：26.G27.M28.A29.L30.C31.F32.J33.O34.I根据空格位置，marine此处形容词，可判断出26题应为名词。marine的意思是“海生的，海运的”固定搭配“marine海”洋栖息地。所以本题答案为“Gt息“地”。根据空格位置，词性应该为动词的被动态。本篇文章对A300持有肯定态度，所以此句想表达“A300对”环境没有任何潜在的坏处，故答案应为“M”“,bestrippedof”意为“剥夺”。此题空格前有“所”以,此处应填动词原形。选项中动词原形有“A和”“H根据句意得知，沉没的飞机可以让人工珊瑚长的更好。所以本题答案为“A，”create“创造，产生”。此处应填动词原形，主语为““L”,stretch意s为“延伸”，此处指“飞机机身总长为54米”。此处应填副词，用来修饰后面的“beabletoventue,案应锁定在“C”ev和“L”a这句话的意思是水肺式潜水者能够在船舱内冒险。故选项“C”最终“地”，更符合句意。此处应填名词形式，因为空格前为“plane'。s名”词选项有“F和”“N空格处前半句是时候水肺式潜水者能够在船舱内冒险，所以后半句应该为他们也可以在船舱外面冒险。故答案为“r部”。“，表面因为空格前为“ont此处应为名词。本句话的大意是：买这架飞机花了很多钱，所以他们希望通过旅游业能够看到自己投资的回报。所以答案为“Jinvestment投“资”。此处应填名词形式。空格后的内容为“严重的致命恐怖袭击”，所以空格处应为受“害者”。故答案为“O。”此处应为副词形式。因为副词修饰形容词“larges。副”词只剩“I”目的性地，故意地，修饰后面sunk,所以本题答案为“。I”此题应为v.-in形式，与and前的“takingatripunderwaer保持并列。“E”和“K”g是形式。根据本句句意，“E”g索“”更符合句意。本句话的意思是“水下旅行和探索沉没的A300的内部都会是一场冒险”。SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.ResilienceIsAboutHowYouRecharge,NotHowYouEndureAsconstanttravelersandparentsofa2-year-old,wesometimesfantasizeabouthowmuchworkwecandowhenoneofusgetsonaplane,undistractedbyphones,friends,ormovies.Weracetogetallourgroundworkdone:packing,goingthroughsecurity,doingalast-minuteworkcall,callingeachother,thenboardingtheplane.Then,whenwetrytohavethatamazingworksessioninflight,wegetnothingdone.Evenworse,afterrefreshingouremailorreadingthesamestudiesoverandover,wearetooexhaustedwhenwelandtosoldieronwih继续处理）theemailsthathaveinevitablystillpiledup.Whyshouldflyingdepleteus?Wrejustsittingtheredoingnothing.htcnbetougher,moreresilin有复原力的）anddeterminedinourworksowecanaccomplishallofthegoalswesetforourselves?Basedonourcurrentresearch,wehavecometorealizethattheproblemisnotourhecticscheduleortheplanetravelitself;theproblemcomesfromamisconceptionfwhatitmeanstoberesilienta,ndtheresultingimpactofoverworking.Weoftentakeamilitarsitoug”approachtoresilienceanddeterminationlikeaMarinepullinghimselfthroughthemud,aboxergoingonemoreround,orafootbalpllayerpickinghimselfupoffthegroundforonemoreplay.Webelievethatthelongerwetoughitout,thetougherweare,andthereforethemoresuccessfuwlewillbe.Howevert,hisentireconceptionisscientificalliynaccurate.TheverylackofarecoveryperiodisdramaticallhyoldingburcollectiveabilitytoberesilientandsuccessfusesearcfoundthatthereisadirectcorrelationbetweenlackofrecoveryandincreasedincidenceofhealthandsafetyproblemsA.ndlackofydisruptingsleepwiththoughtsofworkorhavingcontinuoucsognitivearousalbywatchingour

phniscostingourcompanie$s62billionayearinlostproductivity.Andjustbecauseworkstops,iteanwearerecoveinrg.We“stopw”orksometimesat5pm,butthenwespendthenightwrestlingwithsolutionstoworkproblemst,alkingaboutourworkoverdinner,andfallingasleepthinkingabouthowmuchwdotomorrowI.nastudyjustreleasedr,esearcherfsromNorwayfoundthat7.8%ofNorwegianshavebecomewcs（作狂）.Thescientistsciteadefiniiowokaholis”ms“beinogverlyconcernedaboutwork,drivenbyanuncontrollableworkmotivationa,ndinvestingsomuchtimeandeffortinworkthatitimpairsotherimportanltifeares.WebelievethatthenumberofpeoplewhofitthatdefinitionincludesthemajorityofAmericanworkersw,hichpromptedustobeginastudyofworkaholismintheU.S.Ourstudywillusealargecorporatedatasetfromamajormedicaclompanytoexaminehowtechnologeyxtendsourworkinghoursandthusinterfereswithnecessarycognitiverecoveryr,esultinginhugehealthcarecostsandturnovecrostsforemployers.Themisconceptionfresilienceisoftenbredfromanearlyage.Parentstryingtoteachtheirchildrenresiliencemightcelebrateaschoolstudentstayingupuntil3amtofinishasciencefairproject.WhatadistortionofresilienceA!resilientchildisawell-restedoWhenanexhaustedstudentgoestoschool,heriskshurtingeveryoneontheroadwithhisimpaieriving;hedonthavethecognitiveresourcestodowellonhisEnglishtest;hehaslowerself-controwlithhisfriends;andhome,heismoodywithhisparentsO.verworkandexhaustionaretheoppositeofresilienceandthebadhabitsweacquirewhenwe'reyoungonlymagnifywhenwehittheworkforce.AsJimLoehrandTonySchwartzhavewritten,ifyouhavetmuchtimeintheperformanczeone,youneedmoretimeintherecoveryzone,otherwiseyouriskburnoutG.atheringyourresourcesto“tryhad

requiresburningenergyinordertoovercomeyourcurrentlylowvel.Italsoworsensexhaustion.Thusthemoreimbalancedwebecomeduetooverworking,themorevaluethereisinactivitiesthatallowustoreturntoastateofbalance.Thevalueofarecoveryperiodrisesinproportiontotheamountofworkrequiredofus.Sohowdowerecoverandbuildresilience?Mostpeopleassumethatifyoustopdoingatasklikeansweringemailsorwritingapaper,yourbrainwillnaturallyrecover,sothatwheyoustartagainlaterinthedayorthenextmorinlyveyourenergyback.Butsurelyeveryonereadingthishashadtimeswhenyoulieinbedforhours,unabletofallasleepbecauseyourbrainisthinkingaboutwork.Ifyoulieinbedforeighthours,youmayhaverested,butyoucanstillfeelexhaustedthenextrestandrecoveryarenotthesamething.Ifretryingtobuildresilienceatwork,youneedadequateinternalandexternalrecoveryperiods.AsresearchersZijlstra,CropleyandRydstedtwriteintheir2014paper:“Internalrecoveryreferstotheshorterperiodsofrelaxationthattakeplacewithintheframesoftheworkdayortheworksettingintheformofshortscheduledorunscheduledbreaks,byshiftingattentionorchangingtootherworktaskswhenthementalorphysicalresourcesrequiredfortheinitialtaskaretemporarilydepletedorexhausted.Externalrecoveryreferstoactionsthattakeplaceoutside

of

inthefreetimebetweentheworkdays,andduringweekends,holidaysorvacaio.afterworkyouliearoundonyourbedandgetirritatedbypoliticalcommentaryonyourphoneorgetstressedthinkingaboutdecisionsabouthowtorenovateyourhome,yourbrainhasnotreceivedabreakfromhighmentalarousalstates.Ourbrainsneedarestasmuchasourbodiesdo.Ifyoureallywanttobuildresilience,youcanstartbystrategicallystopping.Giveyourselftheresourcestobetoughbycreatinginternalandexternalrecoveryperiods.AmyBlanksondescribeshowtostrategicallystopduringthedaybyusingtechnologytocontroloverworking.ShesuggestsdownloadingtheInstantorMomentappstoseehowmanytimesyouturnonyourphoneeachday.YoucanalsouseappslikeOfftimeorUnpluggedtocreatetechfreezonesbystrategicallyschedulingautomaticairplanemodes.Theaveragepersonturnsontheirphone150timeseveryday.Ifeverydistractiontookonly1minute,thawouldaccountfor2.5hoursaday.Inaddition,youcantakeacognitivebreakevery90minutestochargeyourbatteries.Trytonothavelunchatyourdesk,butinsteadspendtimeoutsideorwithyunriendstalkingaboutwork.Takeallofyourpaidtimeoff,whichnotonlygivesyourecoveryperiodbutraisesyourproductivityandlikelihoodofpromotion.Asforus,evestartedusingourplanetimeasawork-freezone,andthustimetodipintotherecoveryphase.Theresultshavebeenfantastic.Weareusuallytiredalreadybythetimewegetonaplane,andthecrowdedspaceandunstableinternetconnectiomnakeworkmorechallengingN.ow,insteadofswimmingupstreamw,erelax,sgdepletedw,efeelrecoveredandreadytoreturntoleep,watchmovies,orlistentomusic.Andwhenwegetofftheplane,insteadofbeinne.Ithasbeenfoundthatinadequatreecoveryoftenleadstohealthandaccidents.Mentalrelaxationismuchneededj,ustasphysicarlelaxationis.Adequaterestnotonlyhelpsonerecoverb,utalsoincreasesone'sworkefficiency.Theauthoralwayshasahectictimebeforetakingaflight.Recoverymaynottakeplaceevenifoneseemstostoppedworking.Itisadvisedthattechnologbyeusedtopreventpeoplefromoverworking.Contrarytopopularbelief,restdoesnotequalrecovery.Theauthorhascometoseethathisproblemresultsfromamisunderstandingofthemeaningofresilience.Peopl'esdistortedviewaboutresiliencemayhavedevelopedfromtheirupbringing.Peopletendtothinkthemoredeterminetdheyare,thegreatertheirsuccesswillbe.答案：36.D37.J38.L39.A40.E41.K42.I43.B44.G45.C答案：DinadequatreeDlackofarecovey答案：Jrelaxationismuchneededj,ustasphysicarlelaxationsJ段中第二句的thementalorphysicarlesourcesreed答案：L。题干中increaseson'sworkefficie段最后一句中的raisesyourproductivity

y换原文L答案：AhasahectictimebeforetakingahtAThen,whenwetrytohavethatamazingworksessioninght答案：ERecoverymaynottakeplaceevenifoneseemstohavestoppedw替.EAndjustbecauseworkstops,itdstmeanwearerecoverng答案：KtechnologbyeusedtopreventpeoplefromoverworkK段第二句中的byusingtechnologtyocontrolong答案：I题干中restdoesnotequalrI段中最后一句Thecauserestandrecoveryarenotthesamething答案：B。题干中problemresultsfromamisunderstadingB段最后一句中heproblemcomesfrom。on答案：Gdevelopedfromtheiruing换原文G段中第一句的oftenbredfromanearlyage45.

答案：C题干中Peopletendtothinkthemoredeterminetdheyare,thegreatertheirsuccesswC段第二句中W的believethatthelongerwetoughitout,thetougherweare,andthereforethemoresuccessfuwlewilbeSectionCDirectionsT:hereare2passagesinthissection.EachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsunfinishedstatementsF.oreachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoandmarkthecorrespondigAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestion46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Mostkidsgrowuplearningtheycannotdrawonthewalls.Butitmightbetimetraiigthissummera,groupofcultureaddicts,artistsandcommunityorganizatioNnewYorkerstowritealloverthewallsofanoldhouseonland.TheprojectiscalledWritingOnitritingprojectthathashappenedonlandeverysummersince2013.“Mosotftheparticipantasrepeoplewhoarejustwalkingbyorareontheislan,ortheyjustkindofhappentobether,AlexandraChasin,artisticdirectortellsS.The2016seasonrunsthroughJune26andfeaturessessionsfacilitatedbytodomesticworkers.Eachsessionhasatheme,andparticipantasregiveandpromptsandaskedtocoversurfaceswiththeirthoughtsandartrangefromonethatturnsthehouseintoaooneofexile.vernor'Islandisanationahlistoriclandmarkdistrictlongusedforownas“NewYorksharedspaceforartandpaheisland,andBrooklyninUpperNewYorkBay,isclosedtocarsbutopentoforfestivals,picnics,adventuresa,siti(鸦)notesandartscribbed画)onthewallsareanexperimenintself-haverangedinagefrom2to85.ThougChhasinsaysthefocus