不定冠词和定冠词的用法

-.z.不定冠词和定冠词的用法一、不定冠词的用法（1）不定冠词有a和an两种：a用于辅音音素开头的词前，an用于元音音素开头的词前。例如：aboy,acity,agirl,ausefulanimal,anoldman,anhonestboy,abadapple,atallelephant（2）用来表示"一”的意思，但不强调数的观念，只说明名词为不特定者。即不具体说明是何人何物。例如：Ateacherislookingforyou.Weworkfivedaysaweek.（3）不定冠词含有"—”的意思，但数量观念没有one强烈，在句子里边一般可以不必译出，但若有"一个”的意思则译出，例如：Anorangeisgoodforyou.桔子对你有好处。（4）一般用在可数名词单数前，指人或事物的*一种类。例如：Billisastudent.Passmeanapple,please.（5）用在*些固定词组中。例如：alotof,amomentago,afew,alittle二、定冠词的用法（1）特指*（些）人或*（些）事物例如：Thebookonthedeskismine.Showmethephotooftheboy,please.（2）指双方都知道的人或事物。例如：Openthedoor,please.请开门。Didyouseetheboy"你看见那个男孩了吗？What’sthenewteacher’sname"新老师的名字叫什么？（3）指上文提到的人或事物。例如：Helivesonafarm.Thefarmisnotbig.他住在农场，这农场不大。Therearesomedogs.Thedogsareverylovely.这儿有一些狗。这些狗很可爱。（4）用在世界上独一无二的事物前。例如：Thesunisbiggerthanthemoon.太阳比月亮大些。但这些名词作为描绘性定语时，可用不定冠词。例如：Look!Aredsunisrising.瞧！一轮红日正在升起。（5）用在序数词和形容词最高级前。例如：Thefirstislandisthebiggestofthethree.第一个小岛是三个中最大的。（6）用在用普通名词构成的党派，国家等专有名词以及江河、海洋、山脉、群岛、海峡、海湾等专有名词前。例如：TheywillvisittheGreatWallne*tweek.TheycametotheUnitedStatesofAmericalastyear.TheCommunistPartyofChinawasfoundedonJuly1st,1921.TheYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina.（7）用在形容词前表示一类人，the+形容词指的是一群人，是一种复数含义，所以其后动词应用复数形式。例如：Theoldaresick.（8）用在姓名复数形式前表示一家人。例如：TheSmithshavemovedtoLondon.（9）用在*些习惯用语中。例如：inthemorning,ontheleft,thedaybeforeyesterday,allthesame三、不用冠词的情况（1）星期、月份、季节节日前一般不用冠词。但是中国传统节日前习惯用冠词。例如：Allofuslikethespringfestival.我们喜欢春节。It’sSundaytoday.今天是星期天。HewasbornonJune12,1999.他出生于1999年6月12日。TodayisFather’sDay.今天是父亲节。Ifwintercomes,canspringbefarbehind"冬天来了，春天还会远吗但是如果被一个限制性定语修饰或有表示继续的介词during,through时与表一段特定的时间，则在季节前要加定冠词。例如：ShecametoShanghaiinthespringof1987.她是一九八七年春天来上海的。TheschoolwascompletedintheSeptemberof2000.这学校是2000年9月落成的。Heswimseverydayduringthesummer.他夏天的每一天都游泳。虽不特指*一年的季节，但说话人把*季节看作一年的一部分，即一年的*一时间。则在季节前要加定冠词。例如：Weplayfootballinthewinter.（2）在称呼语或表示头衔的名词前。例如：Mr.Liisourheadmaster.李先生是我们的校长。AfterlunchAuntHuangcamein.午饭后黄阿姨来了。（3）各词复数表示一类人或事物时。但若各词复数被一个限制性定语修饰，则要加定冠词the.例如：Ilikecakesverymuch.我非常喜欢蛋糕。MyfatherandmotherarethedoctorsinPeople’sHospitalofShangha(4)在三餐饭，球类运动与棋类游戏，学科名称的名词前。但若表示*一种或*一个特定的概念时用冠词。例如：Hehadsupperwithusyesterday.It’saverygoodsupper.他昨天和我们吃晚饭，这是一顿丰盛的晚餐。Mybrotherlikestoplayfootball.我兄弟喜欢踢足球。Let’sgoandwatchthemplaychess.让我们去看他们下棋。（5）在物质名词，抽象名词，人名，地名等专有名词和不可数名词前.但若可数各词有其它限制词修饰时，则要加定冠词the.例如:Smithisourteacher.史密思是我们的老师。Milkisgoodforus.牛奶对我们有好处。Thewaterinthepoolisverydirty.坑里的水很脏。（6）名词前已有作定语的this、that、my、your、some、any、等限定词时例如:Comethisway,please.I’vesomequestiontoaskyou.Mybrotherisastudent.词法冠词专项练习选择填空：()1.Sheis_______girl.Sheis_______Englishgirl.A.a…aB.an….aC.a….anD.a…./()2.Tomis_______English.Heis_______Englishboy.A.an….anB./….anC./…/D.a…a()3._______liveinRoom208.A.TheGreenB.GreenC.TheGreensD.Greens()4.Januaryis_______firstmonthoftheyear.A.aB./C.anD.the()5.Weshouldthinkof_______oldand_______sick.A.a….aB.an…aC.the….theD./…./()6._______numberofthestudentsinourclassis52.A.AB.AnC.TheD./()7.Shecanplay_______piano,butshecan'tplay_______football.A.the…theB.the…/C./…theD.a….a()8.Thereis_______"s"intheword"si*"and_______"s"isthefirstletteroftheword.A.a…theB.a….anC.an…theD.a…a()9.Ahorseis_______usefulanimal.A.anB.aC.theD.this()10.Hehasalreadyworkedfor_______hour.A.anB.aC.theD.three()11.Lucywantstobecome_______.A.someteacherB.ateacherC.teacherD.teachers()12.Hainanis_______islands,isn'tit"A.theB.oneC.aD.an()13.Whatdoyouusuallydoafter_______"A.theclassB.classC.theclassesD.aclass()14.I'llhavetobuy_______trousers.A.aB.twoC.apairofD.pair()15.I'vethrownmyoldshoesaway.I'llhavetobuy_______.A.anewpairB.anewoneC.somenewD.somenewpair()16.Myuncletoldmehewasgoingtovisit_______.A.theUnitedStateB.theUnitedStatesC.UnitedStatesD.UnitedStates()17.Theyfailedsi*times,buttheyhavedecidedtotry_______.A.seventimesB.theseventimeC.theseventhtimeD.seventhtime()18.Whoarethoseboys"Oneismybrotherand_______.A.thebigboyisMikeB.abigboyisMikeC.thebigboyisaPeterD.abigboyisaPeter()19.Youwillfind_______girlinblack.Sheis_______teacher.A.a,theB.the,aC.a,aD.the,the()20._______birdscanflyeveryhighin_______sky.A.The,theB.The,aC.An,theD.A,the()21.I'mnotlookingat_______.A.sunB.skyC.thesunD.somesky()22.Thelittleboywishestobe_______.A.LeiFengB.theLeiFengC.thisLeiFengD.aLeiFeng()23._______havestudiedEnglishinourschool.A.MostofstudentsB.ThemoststudentsC.MostofthestudentsD.Moststudent()24.Tom'sbrotherhitBobon_______nose.A.hisB.theC.itsD.a()25.Wearegoingtohaveane*am_______.A.intheclassB.inaclassC.attheclassD.inclass()26.Wehavehad_______.A.gooddinnerB.agooddinnerC.thegooddinnerD.gooddinners()27._______fineweatherwehavetoday!Let'sgoswimming.A.WhataB.HowC.WhatD.Howa()28.There's_______appletreebehind_______house.A.an,theB.a,aC.an,aD.the,the()29.Wecanseethesunin_______daytime,butwecan'tseeitat_______night.A.a,theB.the,/C.a,/D.an,/()30.Isaw_______oldmanwalkingacrossthestreetand_______oldmanlookedworried.A.an,anB.the,theC.an,theD.the,an()31.What_______itis!A.aheavyrainB.heavyrainC.aheavyrainsD.heavyrains()32._______timewehadattheparty!A.WhatwonderfulB.WhatawonderfulC.HowwonderfulD.Howawonderful()33._______tallestbuildinginthetownis_______BankofChina.A.The,theB.A,aC.The,aD.A,the()34.LittleTomlookedatthebigshark_______.A.inthesurpriseB.insurprisedC.insurpriseD.atasurprise()35._______morecarefullyyouride,_______fewerfallsyou'llget.A.The,theB.A,theC.The,aD.A,a()36.Hehasmade_______decisionthathewillbe_______inventorsometime.A.a,theB.a,anC.the,anD.the,the()37.----Wehaven'tseenfor_______longtime.Wherehaveyoubeen"----Ihavebeenfor_______holidaywithmyparents.–---Have_______nicetime!-----Thankyou.A.a,the,aB.the,a,aC.a,a,aD.a,the,the()38.----E*cuseme,canyoutellmewayto_______*inhuaBookstore"----Goalongthisroad,andthenturnto_______rightat_______firstcrossing,at_______endofthestreet,youcanfindit.A.the,a,the,the,theB.a,the,the,a,theC.the,the,the,a,theD.the,the,the,the,the()39.Whynottake_______friendwithyou"That's_______goodidea.A.a,theB.the,theC.a,aD.the,a()40.Takethemedicinethreetimes_______day.A.aB.theC.anD./()41.Englishis_______language.Itis_______importanttool.A.a,aB.a,anC.the,anD.a,/()42.Meimeihas_______highfeverandhismotherislookingafterher.A.aB.theC.anD./()43.Lucytakes_______walkaftersuppereveryday.A.theB.aC./D.an()44.Paperismadeof_______wood.A.aB.theC./D.that()45._______Februaryisthesecondmonthoftheyear.A.TheB.AC./D.an()46.Wehavenoclasseson_______Sundays.A.theB.aC.anD./()47.Istudied_______Englishin_______England.A./,/B.an,theC.an,anD./,the()48.Wegotoschoolby_______bus.A./B.aC.theD.an()49.Theseboysplay_______footballafterclass.A.aB.theC.anD./()50.Thereis_______bridgeovertheriver._______bridgeismadeofstone.A.a,aB.a,theC.the,theD.the,a()51.Sundayis_______firstdayoftheweek.A.theB./C.aD.an()52._______Greenswerehavingbreakfastatseventhismorning.A.AB.AnC./D.The()53.Sheisoneof_______mostpopularteachersinthisschool.Everystudentlovesher.A.aB.theC.anD./()54.Thereis_______800-metre-longbridgeovertheriver.A.aB.anC.theD./()55._______numberofthestudentsareplaying_______basketballontheplayground.A.A,aB.The,theC.The,aD.A,/()56.Theyoftentakeawalkin_______BeiHaiPark.A.theB.aC./D.this()57.Theoldmanwasillin_______hospital.A.theB./C.aD.an()58.Thereisno_______bookonthedesk.A.theB.aC.anD./()59.Beijingis_______capitalof_______people'sRepublicof_______China.A.a,the,theB.the,the,/C.the,the,theD.the,a,the()60.Hestarted_______schoolwhenhewasseven.A.theB.aC.anD./()61.Hehas_______greatdealofinterestin_______English.A.a,anB.the,theC.a,/D.a,the()62.Heis_______cleverestboyinourschool.A.aB.anC.theD./()63.Sheoftenspendsmuch_______timereading.A.aB.anC.theD./()64.Boyslikestogo_______boating.A.aB.anC./D.the二、用适当冠词填空1.ThomasEdisonwasoneof_______greatestinventorsinworld.2.Manis_______onlyanimalthatcantalk.3.Isthishouse_______olderofthetwo"4._______earthmovesaround_______sun.5.Ilivein_______no