2022届新高考英语好题分项汇编专题01阅读理解（第03期）教师版

2022届新高考名校英语好题速递分项汇编专题01阅读理解（第03期）阅读【江苏省苏州市2021-2022学年髙三上学期期初调研】Forcenturies,teahasbeenusedforfarmorethanovercomingthirst.Aroundtheworldpeopledrinkittorelaxandrestoreenergy.Green,oolongandblackteacomefromthesameplant一Camelliasinensis（茶树）.Greentea,however,isprocessedinadifferentway,whichresultsinhigherlevelsofsomeofthecompoundsthatscientistsbelievehavepositiveeffectsonourmentalhealth.A2017reviewofmorethan100studiesfoundthatgreenteacanimpactthebraininthreeways:reduceanxiety;focusattention;andimprovebrainfunction,especiallymemory.However,itwascautionedthattheeffectsaren'tlarge,andcurrentevidenceismainlyprovidedbysmall-scalestudies.Therearealsosuggestionsthatteacouldimprovethesymptomsofdepression,dementia（痴呆）andDownsyndrome（唐氏综合征）.A2018studyconductedinSouthKoreafoundthatfrequentgreenteadrinkerswere21%lesslikelytodevelopdepressionthanthosewhowerenon-drinkers.However,asanobservationalstudy,itcouldn'testablishcauseandeffect,onlyassociation.Teaalsohassomebenefitsforourphysicalhealth——it'slinkedtoalongerlife,couldreducesomeriskfactorsforcardiovascular（心皿菅的）diseasesuchasheartattackandstroke,andmayalsohaveaweight-losingeffect.“Weneedbetterdatatotrulyassessthebenefitsofteaonourmentalandphysicalwell-being,''saidGunterKuhnleattheUniversityofReading,4fchowever,withtheexceptionofgreenteapills,whichhavebeenlinkedtoliverdamage,andburningtea,whichhasbeenlinkedtoesophageal（食道的）cancer,there'snorealdownsidetoacupoftea.Ithinkmostpeopleenjoyrituals（イ义式感）.k'sacomfortingthing.Ifthere'sanythingwrong,hereifsacupofteathat'sneeded.''Howisgreenteadifferentfromoolongandblacktea?Itcuresdepressionanddementia.Itisneverpartofacomplexritual.Ithashigherlevelsofcertaincompounds.D.ItistakenfromCamelliasinensis.WhatdoesGunterKuhnlewanttoexpress?Greentearitualsgivepeoplecomfort.Greenteapillsmaycauseesophagealcancer.Greenteabringspeoplemoreharmthangood.Greenteaprovesbeneficialwithnoexception.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?WhichteapreventscancerWhydrinkingteamighthelpWhenteacausesliverdamageHowteasareprocessed【答案】21.C22.A23.B【解析】本文是ー篇说明文。文章主要介绍了喝茶对人身体有益,特别是绿茶,喝绿茶可以缓解焦虑、提高认知记忆能力和促进脑功能。.细节理解题。通过文章第二段“Greentea,however,isprocessedinadifferentway,whichresultsinhigherlevelsofsomeofthecompoundsthatscientistsbelievehavepositiveeffectsonourmentalhealth.（然而,绿茶的力Uエ方式不同,导致某些化合物含量更髙,科学家认为这些化合物对我们的心理健康有积极影响）'’可知,绿茶与乌龙茶和红茶的不同之处在于绿茶的某些化合物含量更高。故选C项。.细节理解题。通过文章最后一段“Ithinkmostpeopleenjoyrituals.It'sacomfortingthing.（我想大多数人都喜欢仪式感。这是一件令人欣慰的事情）”可知,GunterKuhnle认为喝绿茶的仪式感能让人感到舒适与慰藉。故选A项。.主旨大意题。通读全文,再根据文章第三段"greenteacanimpactthebraininthreeways:reduceanxiety;focusattention;andimprovebrainfunction,especiallymemory（绿茶可以从三个方面影响大脑:减少焦虑;集中注意力;改善大脑功能,特别是记忆）”以及倒数第二段“Teaalsohassomebenefitsforourphysicalhealth一it'slinkedtoalongerlife,couldreducesomeriskfactorsforcardiovasculardiseasesuchasheartattackandstroke,andmayalsohaveaweight-losingeffect.（茶对我们的身体健康也有一些好处 它可以延长寿命,可以减少心血管疾病的ー些危险因素,例如心脏病发作和中风等疾病,也可能有减肥作用）”可推知,本文主要介绍了喝茶对人体多个方面的好处。B项”为什么喝茶可能有帮助”符合文意,最适合作为本文标题。故选B项。Atfirst,Ididn'trecognizethesymptomsthatweallhadincommon.Friendsmentionedthattheywerehavingtroubleconcentrating.Itwasn'tburnout—westillhadenergy.Itwasn'tdepression——wedidn'tfeelhopeless.Wejustfeltsomewhatjoylessandaimless.Itturnsoutthere'sanameforthat:languishing.Languishingisasenseofinactivityandemptiness.Itfeelsasifyou'remuddling（应付）throughyourdays,lookingatyourlifethroughafoggywindshield（挡风玻璃）.Inpsychology,wethinkaboutmentalhealthonaspectrum（范围）fromdepressiontoflourishing（精力旺盛）.Flourishingisthepeakofwell-being.Depressionisthevalleyofill-being.Languishingistheneglectedmiddlechildofmentalhealth.It'stheemptinessbetweendepressionandflourishing—theabsenceofwell-being.You'renotfunctioningatfullcapacity.Languishingdullsyourmotivation,disruptsyourabilitytofocus,andgreatlyincreasesthepossibilitythatyou'llcutbackonwork.Partofthedangeristhatwhenyou'relanguishing,youmightnotnoticethedullingofdelightorthedecreasingofdrive.Youdon'tcatchyourselfslippingslowlyintoaloneness;you'reindifferenttoyourindifference.Whenyoucan'tseeyourownsuffering,youdon'tseekhelporevendomuchtohelpyourself.Sowhatcanwedoaboutit?Peoplewhobecamemorefocusedontheirworkmanagedtoavoidlanguishing.Interruptedattentionisanenemyofengagementandexcellence.Togobeyondlanguishing,giveyourselfsomeuninterruptedtime.Itclearsoutconstantdistractions（分心）andgivesusthefreedomtofocus.Andtrystartingwithsmallwinsbyfocusingonachallengethatmatterstoyou-aninterestingproject,aworthwhilegoal,orameaningfulconversation.Westillhavealottolearnaboutwhatcauseslanguishingandhowtocureit,butnamingitmightbeafirststep.Itcouldhelptodefogourvision,givingusaclearerwindowintowhathadbeenanunclearexperience.Itcouldremindusthatweweren'talone:languishingiscommonandshared.Byacknowledgingthatsomanyofusarelanguishing,wecanstartgivingvoicetoquietdespairandlightingapathoutoftheemptiness.Whichdefinitionbestsuitstheword"languishing”?Feelingexhaustedandwithouthope.Becomingweakerorfailingtoimprove.Makingsomeonewanttoachievesomething.Goingbeyondtheusuallimitsofsomething.Whichofthefollowingcanbedescribedaslanguishing?A.Seekinghelpwhenyouaresuffering.B•Realizingthatyouarenotaloneindespair.C.Givingyourselfsomeuninterruptedtime.D.Beingindifferenttoyourlackofenthusiasm.Whatcouldpsychologistsdotohelpsolvetheproblemsoflanguishing?Givepeoplemorefreedom.Seeitasdepression.Nameitclearly.Removeitfromaspectrum.Whyisitsignificanttoknowlanguishingiscommonandshared?Wecanletthesilentdespairspeakupandfindawayout.Wecancontinuetolearnmoreaboutlanguishing.Wecanseeitasbasicallythesameasdepression.Wecanstudyitasthecompleteoppositeofflourishing.【答案】24.B25.D26.C27.A【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种萎靡不振的精神状态一languishing',以及可以做些什么去改变这种精神状态。.推理判断题。通过文章第三段“Languishingisasenseofinactivityandemptiness.（Languishing是ー种无所作为和空虚的感觉）”以及第五段“youmightnotnoticethedullingofdelightorthedecreasingofdrive（你可能没有注意到愉悦感的减弱或干劲的减少）''和"youdon'tseekhelporevendomuchtohelpyourself（你不寻求帮助,甚至不做很多事来帮助自己）”可推知,B项“变弱或不上进”最适合定义"languishing:故选B项。.推理判断题。通过文章第五段“Youdon'tcatchyourselfslippingslowlyintoaloneness;you'reindifferenttoyourindifference.（你不会发现自己慢慢陷入孤独;你对自己的冷漠毫不关心）''可推知，对自己缺乏热情,漠不关心就可以被描述为“languishing”。故选D项。.细节理解题。通过文章倒数第二段“Westillhavealottolearnaboutwhatcauseslanguishingandhowtocureit,butnamingitmightbeafirststep.（我们仍有很多东西需要了解,是什么导致了“languishing”以及如何治愈它,但为它命名可能是第一步）'’可知,心理学家可以清楚地将“languishing”命名来帮助解决问题。故选C项。.细节理解题。通过文章最后一段“Byacknowledgingthatsomanyofusarelanguishing,wecanstartgivingvoicetoquietdespairandlightingapathoutoftheemptiness.（通过了解我们中的许多人都患有“languishing",我们就能开始说出内心的平静的绝望,照亮并走出空虚的道路）'’可知,知道痛苦是普遍的和共同的是重要的,就可以将沉默的绝望大声说出来,并找到出路。故选A项。Abatandaballcost$1.10intotal.Thebatcosts$1.00morethantheball.Howmuchdoestheballcost?Ifyouanswered10cents,you'renotalone一mostpeoplegivethesameanswer（thecorrectansweris5cents）.It'sanexampleofhowweoftenrelyonintuitive（直觉的）responses—answerswefeelaretrue.Peoplegiveanswersthat“popintotheirmind,"saysStevenSloman.Wedon'tspendmuchtime"reflectingandcheckingwhethertheanswerisrightorwrong."Thebatandballquestionhelpsexplainwhyweoftenbelieveinfake（假的）news.Itispartofhumannaturetobelieve,saysSloman.But"thetrickwithfakenewsistoknowtoverify"一一inotherwords,tostopandquestionwhatyouknow.Inoneexperiment,Slomanandacolleagueinventedadiscoverycalledheliumrain.Theytoldagroupofvolunteersaboutit,butadmittedtheycouldnotfullyexplainwhatitwas.Theythenaskedthevolunteerstoratetheirownunderstandingofheliumrain.Mostvolunteersratedthemselves1outof7,meaningtheydidnotunderstandtheconcept.Theresearchersthentoldanothergroupofvolunteersaboutthediscovery.Thistime,theysaidthatscientistscouldfullyexplainhowitworks.Whenaskedtoratetheirunderstanding,thevolunteersgaveanaverageanswerof2.Thescientists'confidencegavethevolunteersanincreasedsenseoftheirownunderstanding,Slomansays.AccordingtoSloman,studiesshowthatknowledgespreadslikeacontagion（传染病）.Thisideacanbeseeninmanyfields,includingpolitics."Ifeveryonearoundyouissayingtheyunderstandwhyapoliticianisdishonest,"Slomansays,"thenyou'regoingtostartthinkingthatyouunderstand,too.MAnotherexplanationforthespreadoffakenewsis"motivatedreasoning,"writesAdamWyatz,anAmericanmanagementprofessor,"wearcnaturallymorelikelytobelievethingsthatconfirmourexistingopinions."So,inaworldwheremisleadinginformationiscommon,trainingpeopletocareaboutfact-checkingisimportant,especiallyinonlinecommunities."Weshouldcheckthingsandnotjusttakethematfacevalue,"Slomansays."Verifybeforeyoubclieve.^^Whydoestheauthorusetheexampleofthebatandballquestion?Towarnthatpeopleoftenignoreskillsthattheylearned.Toshowthattherearevariousanswerstoaquestion.C.Toillustratethatpeopletendtorushtoaconclusion.D.Toarousepeople'sinterestinplayingguessinggames.Inparagraph3,whatdoestheunderlinedword“verify"mean?Tomakesuresomethingistrue.Tothinkaboutsomethingforalongtime.Toexpressanopinionaboutsomething.Tofollowyourintuitiveresponse.Whendomorevolunteersclaimtounderstandheliumrain?Whensomeofthevolunteersexplainedittothem.WhenSlomanandhiscolleaguesshowedthemhowitworks.Whentheyhavemoreconfidenceinthemselves.Whentheybelievedthatscientistsunderstoodit.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleof"motivatedreasoning”？Youtrustadamagingstoryaboutsomeonewhoyoualwaysjudgenegatively.Youpostamessageonlinethatgivesyourpersonalopinionaboutanewsstory.Yousearchonlineformoreinformationaboutadoubtfulstoryonsocialmedia.Youthinkauniversityprofessordishonestwheneverybodyaroundyousayso.【答案】28.C29.A30.D31.A【解析】这是ー篇说明文。短文通过实例和研究告诉我们,人们很容易被假新闻所误导,人们关注消息时应该核查其真伪性,这是很重要的。.推理判断题。根据第二段"It'sanexampleofhowweoftenrelyonintuitive（直觉的）responses-answerswefeelaretrue.Peoplegiveanswersthat"popintotheirmind,"saysStevenSloman.Wedon'tspendmuchtime"reflectingandcheckingwhethertheanswerisrightorwrong.""（这是ー个我们如何经常依赖直觉反应的例アー我们认为答案是真实的。史蒂文・斯洛曼说,人们给出的答案“会突然进入他们的脑海''我们不会花太多时间“反思和检査答案是否正确''）由此判断出,为什么作者用球拍和球的例子是来说明人们倾向丁•匆忙下结论。故选C项。.词句猜测题。根据第三段"inotherwords,tostopandquestionwhatyouknow.”（换句话说,停止并质疑你所知道的一切）由此可知,识别假新闻的诀窍是知道如何验证。故划线词的意思是“确定某事是真的''。故选A项。.细节理解题。根据第四段“Thistime,theysaidthatscientistscouldfullyexplainhowitworks.Whenaskedtoratetheirunderstanding,thevolunteersgaveanaverageanswerof2.Thescientists5confidencegavethevolunteersanincreasedsenseoftheirownunderstanding,Slomansays."（这一次,他们说科学家们可以完全解释它是如何工作的。当被要求对他们的理解程度打分时,志愿者给出了平均2分的答案。科学家的自信让志愿者们对自己的理解有了更多的认识,Sloman说）可知,当他们相信科学家能理解的时候,更多的志愿者声称了解氮雨。故选D项。.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“wearenaturallymorelikelytobelievethingsthatconfirmourexistingopinions."（我们自然而然地更倾向于相信那些证实了我们现有观点的事情）由此判断出A选项“你相信一个你总是负面评价的人的坏故事’‘为动机推理的典型例子。故选A项。Atticuswassittingintheswing,andMr.Tatewasinachairnexttohim.Thelightfromtheliving-roomwindowswasstrongonthem."Well,Heck,MAtticuswassaying,"Ofcourseitwasclear-cutselfdefense,butit511comebeforecountycourt.”"Mr.Finch,doyouthinkJemkilledBobEwell?Doyouthinkthat?”"YouheardwhatScoutsaid,there'snodoubtaboutit.ShesaidJemgotupandyankedhimoffher一heprobablygotholdofEwelPsknifesomehowinthedark...we'llfindouttomorrow.""Mr.Finch,holdon.MsaidMr.Tate."JemneverstabbedBobEwell."Atticuswassilentforamoment.HelookedatMr.Tateasifheappreciatedwhathesaid.ButAtticusshookhishead."Heck,thankyoufromthebottomofmyheart,butIdon'twantmyboystartingoutwithsomethinglikethisoverhishead.Bestwaytocleartheairistohaveitalloutintheopen.”"Mr.Finch,"Mr.Tatesaid,"BobEwellfellonhisknife.Hekilledhimself.""Heck,"Atticus'sbackwasturned."Ifthisthing'shushedup（掩盖）it'llbeasimpledenialtoJemofthewayI'vetriedtoraisehim.BeforeJemlooksatanyoneelsehelooksatme,andI'vetriedtolivesoIcanlooksquarelybackathim...ifIallowthistohappen,Icouldn'tmeethiseyes,andtheday1can'tdothatI'llknowI'velosthim.Idon'twanttolosehimandScout,becausethey'reallI'vegot.""Mr.Finch."Mr.Tatewasstillplantedtothefloorboards."BobEwellfellonhisknife.Icanproveit."Atticuswheeledaround.Hishandsdugintohispockets."Heck,can'tyoueventrytoseeitmyway?WhenmychildrenaregrownI'llbeanoldmanifI'mstillaround,butrightnowI'm iftheydon'ttrustmetheywon'ttrustanybody.JemandScoutknowwhathappened.Iftheyhearofmesayingdowntownsomethingdifferenthappened——Heck,Iwon'thavethemanymore.Ican'tliveonewayintownandanotherwayinmyhome.”Mr.Tatesaidpatiently,t4BobEwellfellonhisknife.一Look,Icanshowyou."Whichofthefollowingmostprobablyhappenedbeforethispartofthestory?JemattackedBobEwelLBobEwellattackedJem.BobEwellwaskilledbyJem.JemwaskilledbyBobEwell.WhydoesAtticuswantittocomebeforecountycourt?HebelievedBobEwellhadkilledhimself.Hewantedtohidetheactualfact.Hewantedthejudgetomakethedecision.Hewantedthepublictoknowthetruth.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"this"inparagraph9referto?Jem'slookingatAtticusbeforehelookedatothers.AtticusFinch'slookingsquarelybackatJem.Scout'saccountofwhatJemhaddone.HushingupthefactthatJemhadkilledBobEwell.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesAtticusFinchasafather?A.Shallow. B.Shy. C.Principled.D.Untrustworthy.【答案】32.B33.D34.D35.C【解析】本文是ー篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Atticus的儿子Jem杀了BobEwell,他坚信儿子是出于自卫,将案件提交到了县法院的故事。.推理判断题。通过文章第二段“Ofcourseitwasclear-cutselfdefense（当然,这是明确的自卫）”以及第四段“ShesaidJemgotupandyankedhimoffher—heprobablygotholdofEwelFsknifesomehowinthedark（她说Jem站起来把他从她身上拽了下来——他可能在黑暗中不知何故抓住了Ewell的刀）'’可推知,可能是Ewell持刀想要伤害Jem,Jem才进行了自卫。故选B项。.推理判断题。通过文章第七段"Bestwaytocleartheairistohaveitalloutintheopen.（消除误会的最好办法是把一切都说出来）''以及第九段“Ifthisthing'shushedupit'llbeasimpledenialtoJemofthewayI'vetriedtoraisehim.（如果这件事被掩盖起来，那就等于对Jem否认我抚养他的方式）”可推知,Atticus将案件提交到县法院是想让公众知道真相。故选D项。.词句猜测题。根据画线洞上文“BefbreJemlooksatanyoneelsehelooksatme（在Jem看别人之前,他先看我）''以及下文"Icouldn'tmeethiseyes,andthedayIcan'tdothatI'llknowI'velosthim（我不敢正视他的眼睛,当我不能正视他的时候,我就知道我失去了他）”可推知,Atticus是Jem的人生榜样,此处指如果Atticus掩盖了Jem杀死BobEwell的事实,他将无颜面对Jem〇所以画线词“this”指代的是Jem杀死BobEwell的事实。故选D项。.推理判断题。通读全文,再结合文章第九段“ifIallowthistohappen,Icouldn'tmeethiseyes（如果我允许这种情况发生,我就无法直视他的眼睛）'’以及倒数第二段カcan'tliveonewayintownandanotherwayinmyhome.（我不能在城里一种生活方式,在家里一种生活方式）'’可推知,Atticus是ー个公私分明,有原则的人。故选C项。阅读【辽宁省名校联盟2021-2022学年高三9月联合考试】TheWorld'sCoolestBookstoresWheredidyoubuyyourlastbook?ChancesarethatyouboughtitontheInternet.Butifyoudid,youmissedtheextraordinaryexperienceofbrowsinginarealbookstore.Thesedaysbookstoresofferlotsofgreatbooksandplentymore.Taipei'sEsliteDunnanStoreTimemagazineoncenamedEsliteDunnanStoreinTaipei"Asia'sbestbookstoreOnevisittothestoretellsyouwhy.Thestore,spreadingacrossfivefloors,offersacombinationofrestaurants,musicandover200,000books.Withitscosyreadingspots,visitorssometimessayit'slikealibrary.Othershavecalleditthe"7-Elevenofbookstores"becauseit'sopen24hoursaday.BookGardenTheworld'sbiggestbookstoreisTehran,Iran'sBookGardenwith700,000squarefeetofspace.Inadditiontorestaurantsandatheater,theBookGardenfeaturesaparkontheroof.LibreriaAcquaAltaVenice,Italy,isacitysurroundedbywater.ItseemsthatoneofitsmostinterestingbookstoresisLibreriaAcquaAlta.Itsbooksaredisplayedinallthingsrelatedtowatersuchasboats,bathtubsandmore.LaCavemeauxLivresLaCaverneauxLivres-thecaveofbooks-wasonceatrain.TodaythisuniqueFrenchbookstore,locatednorthofParis,ishometothousandsofsecond-handbooks.Bart'sBooksManyreadersliketositinsidewithagoodbook.ButatBart'sBooksinCalifornia,guestscanenjoyagoodbookandsomefreshair.Bart'sBooksisbelievedtobethelargestindependently-ownedoutdoorbookstoreintheUS.Whetheryouenjoyreadinginsideoroutside,there'salwaysaninterestingbookstoretobediscovered.WhatisspecialaboutTaipei'sEsliteDunnanStore?Youcanvisitthisbookstoreatanytimeoftheday.Youcantakebooksfromthisstorefreeofcharge.Thereareplaceswhereyoucanenjoyyourmeal.Itischaracterizedbyaparkdirectlyonitsroof.WhatwillyouprobablydoinLaCavemeauxLivres?AdmirelandmarksofParisinthedistance.Searchforsomeinformationabouttrains.Enjoyagoodbookandoutdoorscenery.Browseahugenumberofusedbooks.3.Whatisthewriter'spurposeinwritingthetext?Tourgepeopletoreadbooksinsideandoutside.Toencouragepeopletogototherealbookstores.Toinspirebooksellerstoopencreativebookstores.Toappealtobooksellerstopayattentiontothislist.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【解析】本文是应用文,短文介绍了世界上最好的几家书店。.细节理解题。根据Taipei'sEsliteDunnanStore中最后一句"OthershavecalledittheH7-Elevenofbookstores"becauseifsopen24hoursaday”有人把它称为“书店中的7-1ド,因为它是24小时营业的。可知,台北诚品书店特别之处在于它24小时营业,也就是说你可以在一天中的任何时候参观这家书店。故选A项。.细节理解题。根据LaCaverneauxLivres中最后一句"TodaythisuniqueFrenchbookstore,locatednorthofParis,ishometothousandsofsecond-handbooks”如今,这家位于巴黎北部的独特的法国书店是成千上万本二手书的家园。可知,在法国的LaCaverneauxLivres书店,你可以浏览大量的二手书。故选D项。3B推理判断题。根据第一段"Butifyoudid,youmissedtheextraordinaryexperienceofbrowsinginarealbookstore.Thesedaysbookstoresofferlotsofgreatbooksandplentymore.”但如果你这样做了,你就错过了在真正的书店里浏览的非凡体验。现在的书店有很多好书,甚至更多。和最后一段“Whetheryouenjoyreadinginsideoroutside,there'salwaysaninterestingbookstoretobediscovered.“无论你喜欢室内还是室外阅读,总有一家有趣的书店等着你去发现。可知,作者通过这篇文章的描述来鼓励人们去真正的书店,享受读书的乐趣。故选B项。Thereissomethingtobesaidforbeingageneralist,evenifyouareaspecialist.Knowingalittleaboutalotofthingsthatinterestyoucanaddtotherichnessofawhole,well-livedlife.Societypushesustospecialize,tobecomeexperts.Thisrequirescommitmenttoaparticularoccupation,branchofstudyorresearch.Thedrawbacktobeingspecialistsisthatweoftencometoknowmoreandmoreaboutlessandless.Thereisagreatdealofpressuretomasterone'sfield.Youmaypursuetraining,degrees,orincreasinglevelsofresponsibilityatwork.Thenyoudiscoverthepressureofhavingtokeepup.Somepeopleseemwillingtoworkaroundtheclockintheirnarrowspecialty.Butsuchcommitmentcanalsoweakentheirsenseoffreedom.Thesespecialistscouldworkattheofficeuntilteneachnight,thenlookbackandrealizetheywouldhavelovedtohavegonehomeandenjoyedthesweetnessoftheirfamilyandfriends,ortraveledtoexcitingplaces,meetinginterestingpeopleMasteringonethingtotheexclusionofotherscanholdbackyourtruespirit.Generalists,ontheotherhand,knowalotaboutawiderangeofsubjectsandviewthewholewithallitsconnections.Theyarepeopleofability,talent,andenthusiasmwhocanbringtheirbroadperspective（视角）intospecificfieldsofexpertise（专长）.ThedoctorwhoisalsoapoetandPhilosopher,isasuperiordoctor,onewhocangivesomuchmoretohispatientsthanjustgoodmedicalskills.Thingsareconnected.Letyourexpertiseinonefieldfuelyourpassionsinallrelatedareas.Someofyourinterestsmaynotappeartobeconnectedbut,onceyouexploretheirdepths,youdiscoverthattheyare.MyeditorToni,whoisalsowriter,haseditedseveralhistorybooks.ShehasdecidedtostudyChinesehistory.FascinatebythestructuralbeautyoftheForbiddenCityasapainter,sheisequallyinterestedtolearnmoreaboutChinesephilosophy.don'tknowwhereitwilllead,butI'mexcitedI'monthispursuit."Theseexpansionsintonewworldshelpusbygivingusnewperspectives.Webegintoseetheinterconnectednessofonethingtoanotherinallaspectsofourlife,ofourselvesandtheuniverse.Developbroad,generalknowledgeandexperience.Theuniverseisallyourstoexploreandenjoy.Tobecomeaspecialist,youmayhaveto.A.narrowyourrangeofknowledgeB.getpushedbythesurroundingsC.knowalotmoreaboutsocietyD.bedevotedtoaspecialjobAccordingtotheauthor,asuperiordoctorisonewho.isapurespecialistinmedicineisgiftedinpoetryandphilosophyisfullyawareofhistalentandabilitybringsknowledgeofotherfieldstoworkWhatdoestheauthorintendtoshowwiththeexampleofToni?Chinesecultureisappealingtopeopleworldwide.Onepassionaloneisnotenoughtoensuresuccess.In-depthexplorationcanmakediscoveriespossible.Seeminglyunrelatedinterestsareinawayconnected.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?TurnaGeneralistIntoaSpecialistBeMoreofaGeneralistThanaSpecialistWaystoBecomeaGeneralistSpecialistorGeneralist:HardtoDecide【答案】4.A5.D6.D7.B【解析】本文是ー篇议论文。文章介绍了作为专家需要具备的知识及作为ー个多面手需要具备的东西,并对两者进行了比较与讨论,建议做♦个多面手。.细节理解题。根据第二段的“Societypushesustospecialize,tobecomeexperts.Thisrequirescommitmenttoaparticularoccupation,branchofstudyorresearch.Thedrawbacktobeingspecialistsisweoftencometoknowmoreandmoreaboutlessandless.”（社会促使我们专攻,成为专家。这需要致カ于某ー特定的职业、学科或研究。成为专家的缺点是,我们常常对越来越少的东西了解得越来越多。）可知,专家需要致カ于某ー特定的职业、学科或研究，所以要想成为专家,就必须缩小自己的知识面。故选A项。.细节理解题。根据第四段的“Thedoctorwhoisalsoapoetandphilosopherisasuperiordoctor,onewhocangivesomuchmoretohispatientsthanjustgoodmedicalskills."（ー个既是诗人又是哲学家的医生是ー个优秀的

医生,他能给他的病人比良好的医疗技术更多的东西。）可知,作者认为一位优秀的医生不仅仅是纯粹的医生,他在诗歌和哲学上所知的东西也会运用到工作中去,给予病人超越医术的东西，会将其他领域的知识带到工作中去。故选D项。.推理判断题。根据第五段“Toni”的例子上文内容"Thingsareconnected.Letyourexpertiseinonefieldfuelyourpassionsinallrelatedareas.Someofyourinterestsmaynotappeartobeconnectedbut,onceyouexploretheirdepths,youdiscoverthattheyare.,,（事物是相互关联的。让你在某ー领域的专长激发你在所有相关领域的热情。你的ー些兴趣可能看起来没有联系,但一旦你探索了它们的深度,你会发现它们是联系的。）可知,作者想用托妮的例子来说明表面上不相关的兴趣在某种程度上是相关的。故选D项。.主旨大意题。根据第一段中的"Thereissomethingtobesaidforbeingageneralist,evenifyouareaspecialist.（做ー个多面手是有道理的,即使你是个专家）'’和最后一段"Theseexpansionsintonewworldshelpusbygivingusnewperspectives.Webegintoseetheinterconnectednessofonethingtoanotherinallaspectsofourlife,ofourselvesandtheuniverse.Developbroad,generalknowledgeandexperience.Theuniverseisallyourstoexploreandenjoy.（这些对新世界的扩展通过给我们新的视角来帮助我们。我们开始在我们生活的方方面面,在我们自己和宇宙中,看到事物之间的相互联系。拓展广博的知识和经验。宇宙完全在你使用的探索和享受中）'’及结合全文理解可知,本文主要讲述做一个多面手,而不是专家,这更能让我们生活得充实,因此推断B项"做ー个多面手,而不是专家''符合文章主旨大意。故选B项。Disturbedbyreportsofrisingdomesticviolenceundercoronaviruslockdown,aPolishhighschoolstudentlaunchedafakeonlineshoptoofferalifelinetovictimstrappedintheirhomes.HerideawonaEuropeanUnionprizethatcamewith€10,000（$12,120）."IheardaboutaFrenchinitiative（计戈リ）,wherepeoplegotothepharmacy（药房/r/