考研考博-英语-广东茂名幼儿师范专科学校押题密卷附带答案详解篇1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-广东茂名幼儿师范专科学校押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

Themotionpictureoriginatedwhenaseriesofstillphotographwereslicedandviewedinrapidsuccessiontocreatetheillusionofmovementandcontinuity.

问题1选项

A.reduced

B.joined

C.revised

D.titled

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。横线单词sliced意为“切下；把……分成部分；将……切成薄片”；A选项“reduced”意为“减少；缩小；使处于；把……分解”；B选项“joined”意为“参加；结合；连接”；C选项“revised”意为“修正；复习；校订”；D选项“titled”意为“加标题于；赋予头衔；把……称为”。句意：电影起源于将一系列静止的照片切成薄片，快速连续地观看，以创造移动和连续性的幻觉。由题干可知，motionpicture（电影）最开始是以一系列静止照片的形式观看，可以推测出应该是将这些照片切成薄片，也就是胶片的样子。由此可知，sliced在此处最可能是“将……切成薄片”的意思，四个选项中reduced具有“缩小，分解”的意思，与此相近。因此A选项符合题意。

2.单选题

Thefamousinventorwasawardedan（）doctoratebytheuniversity.

问题1选项

A.honored

B.honorary

C.honorific

D.honorable

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。honored“光荣的；荣幸的”；honorary“荣誉的；名誉的”；honorific“尊敬的；敬称的”；honorable“尊敬的”。此处是要表达“荣誉博士”，选项B符合题意。

3.写作题

Supposeyouwilltakepartinaclassdebatenextweek,andyouaregiventhedebatequestion"Whatshouldbeinpeople'sdiet,tohavewhatonejustwantsortojusteathealthyfood?"

Writeaspeechforthedebateandclarifyyourownviewpointtowardswhateveryourpositionwillbe(justoneposition).Butbesurethatyourargumentwillbesupportedwithampleexamplesorevidence.Doremembertoprovideatitleforyourspeech.

Thelengthofyourspeechisexpectedtobebetween250and300words.WriteyourspeechontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】略

4.单选题

Theshopassistantwasstraightwithhiscustomers.Ifanarticlewasof（）quality,he’dtellthemso.

问题1选项

A.humble

B.inferior

C.minor

D.awkward

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项humble“谦逊的、简陋的”；B选项inferior“差的、自卑的”；C选项minor“较小的、次要的”；D选项awkward“尴尬的、笨拙的”，句意为：那个店员对顾客很坦率。如果商品质量低劣，他就会把它们换掉。inferiorquality为次等质量的意思，因此选项B符合题意。

5.单选题

Ittakesayearfortheearthtomakeeach（）,orrevolution,aroundthesun.

问题1选项

A.tour

B.travel

C.visit

D.trip

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。A项tour“旅行，旅游”，B项travel“长途旅行”，C项visit“访问，逗留”，D项trip“（尤指短程往返的）旅行，（赛跑等）赛程”。根据关键词earth（地球）和aroundthesun（围绕太阳）可推测，空格处表示“旅程”，而根据语境，四个选项中能够与make搭配的只有trip。句意：地球每绕太阳一周需要一年的时间。因此，该题D项正确。

6.单选题

WhatweseewhenwephotographtheSunisahugeglowingballofgas.Underneaththishotandextremelybrightphotosphereliesothergaswhile,inthecentralpartsoftheSun,atomsarecontinuallybeingbrokendownandbuiltup.InthecenteroftheSunitisjustasifhundredsofthousandsofhydrogenbombswerecontinuallyexploding,andtheresultsofthisreachthephotosphere.Thisiswhythephotosphereshinessobrightlyandsendsoutx-raysandultra-violetlight.Yetsometimesdarkspotsappearonthephotosphereandthese“sunspots”areevidenceofgreatlyincreasedactivitybelow.Whensunspotsappear,greatburstsofthelongerradiowavesareoftenreceived.Theseareathousandtimesmoreintensethanthosewhichradio-astronomersnormallyreceiveandwhichcomesfromwhatiscalled“quiet”Sun,beingradiatedbythecoronaandthe“chromospheres”thatlayerofnotverybrightgaswhichliesjustabovethephotosphere.

Theseimmenseburstsofradiowavesareusuallyaccompaniedbyanintenselybrightareaof“flare”nearasunspot,anditisclearthattheyarecausedbyasuddenburstofthermalradiationfrombelowthephotosphere.ThevisibleflareandtheburstofradiowavesarealsoaccompaniedbyaburstofX-rays,ultra-violetrays,andatomicparticles.

Whentherearesunspotsbutnoflaresaccompanyingthem,theradiowavesemittedbythe“quiet”sundonotremainconstantbutbegantofluctuate,andtheradiosignalsgraduallybecomestronger.Thesechangesdonotcorrelatewithchangesinthenumberofsunspots,althoughithasbeenemittedbythe“quiet”Sundonotremainconstantbutbegantofluctuate,andtheradiosignalsgraduallybecomestronger.Thesechangesdonotcorrelatewithchangesinthenumberofsunspots,althoughithasbeenfoundthattheradiowavesseemtobegeneratedintheSun’satmosphereabovethesunspotsandnotinthesunspotsthemselves.Thechangesinradiosignalsdo,however,correlatewiththecalciumareasoftheSun’sspectrum.

Radioastronomyhashelpedconsiderablytoincreaseourknowledgeofthecorona.Beingvisuallyverydim,thecoronaishardtoobservebyopticalmeans,evenduringtotaleclipses.DuringsomeeclipsesithasbeentracedquitealongwayfromtheSunbutwasbelievedtoextendnomorethanabouttwomillionmilesatthemostabovethephotosphere.Directradiationofradiowavesfromthecoronahasbeenreceivedduringdaylightuptoabout1.5millionmiles.However,byexaminingadistantradiosourceastheSunpassesinfrontofit,itispossibletodiscoverhowfarthecoronaextendsbyobservinghowtheradiowavesfromthedistantsourceareaffected.ItwasinthiswaythatProfessorsM.RyleandA.HewishatCambridgeUniversity,England,foundthatthecoronacouldbetracedouttomorethan6millionmiles,andinthelineoftheSun’sequatorto12millionmilesormore.IthaseverbeensuggestedthatthecoronaextendsasfarastheEarthitself.

1.Agoodtitleforthispassagewouldbe（）.

2.Fromthecenterout,thecorrectorderofthesun’slayersis（）.

3.Thephotosphereisthe（）.

4.Thepassagedoesnotmentioninformationdealingwiththe（）.

5.ProfessorM.RyleandA.Hewishhavefoundthatthesun’scorona（）.

问题1选项

A.WhatRadioAstronomyTellsUsAbouttheSunt

B.RadioAstronomyt

C.FactsAbouttheSun’sCoronat

D.TheNatureoftheSunt

问题2选项

A.photosphere,corona,chromospherest

B.spectrum,chromospheres,photosphere,coronat

C.corona,photosphere,chromospherest

D.photosphere,chromospheres,coronat

问题3选项

A.partofthesunweusuallyseet

B.layerofgaswhichformsthecoronat

C.areainthesunwhereatomsbreakdownandbuildupt

D.areaofthesunwhichsendsoutradiowavest

问题4选项

A.nuclearactivityinthecenterofthesunt

B.intensityofultra-violetraysintheearth’satmospheret

C.activityofthechromospherest

D.extentofthecoronat

问题5选项

A.extendsasfarastheearthitselft

B.canbemeasuredbynotingitseffectonradiowavespassingthroughitt

C.extendsnotmorethantwomillionmilesabovethephotospheret

D.givesoffx-rays

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:主旨大意题。题干意思是“这篇文章最好的标题是什么？”。通读文章，可知文章主要介绍太阳结构及其运行状况，以及太阳对地球无线电的影响；第一段介绍了太阳的内部结构，第二段和第三段介绍太阳黑子对无线电波的影响，最后一段介绍射电天文学对太阳日冕的研究；D项“太阳的本质”最能概括本文的内容；A项“射电天文学告诉我们关于太阳的事”、B项“射电天文学”和C项“关于太阳日冕的事实”都只是部分提及，不够全面。因此，该题选择D项正确。

第2题:细节事实题。题干意思是“从中心往外看，太阳各层的正确顺序是……”。文章第一段提到InthecenteroftheSunitisjustasifhundredsofthousandsofhydrogenbombswerecontinuallyexploding,andtheresultsofthisreachthephotosphere…beingradiatedbythecoronaandthe“chromospheres”thatlayerofnotverybrightgaswhichliesjustabovethephotosphere.（在太阳的中心，就好像成千上万颗氢弹不断地爆炸，最后到达光球层……被日冕层和位于光球层上方的一层不太亮的色球层辐射出来），由此可知，太阳层从内往外的顺序是光球层、色球层、日冕层；所以D项“光球、色球、日冕”正确。A项“光球，日冕，色球”、B项“光谱，色球，光球，日冕”和C项“日冕，光球，色球”都是错误的。因此，该题选择D项正确。

第3题:细节事实题。题干意思是“光球层是……”。根据文章第一段第二句Underneaththishotandextremelybrightphotosphereliesothergaswhile,inthecentralpartsoftheSun,atomsarecontinuallybeingbrokendownandbuiltup.（在这个炙热而又极其明亮的光球层下面，还存在着其他气体，而在太阳的中心部分，原子正在不断地被分解和形成）可知，太阳的中心部分即光球层是用来分解和形成原子的，所以C项“太阳中原子分解和形成的区域”正确。A项“我们看到的部分太阳”，我们看到的太阳是光球层分解合成原子后所形成的太阳光，而非光球层本身；B项“形成日冕的气体层”表述错误；D项“太阳发出无线电波的区域”，这是太阳黑子发射出来的。因此，该题选择C项正确。

第4题:细节事实题。题干意思是“这篇文章没有提到关于……的信息”。根据第一段第三句InthecenteroftheSunitisjustasifhundredsofthousandsofhydrogenbombswerecontinuallyexploding,andtheresultsofthisreachthephotosphere.（在太阳的中心，就好像成千上万颗氢弹不断地爆炸，结果到达光球层），可知A项“太阳中心的核活动”有提及；根据第一段第四句Thisiswhythephotosphereshinessobrightlyandsendsoutx-raysandultra-violetlight.（这就是光球发出如此明亮的光并发出x射线和紫外线的原因）可知，文章只提到了紫外线产生的原因，并未提及B项“地球大气层中紫外线的强度”；根据第一段最后一句Theseareathousandtimesmoreintensethanthosewhichradio-astronomersnormallyreceiveandwhichcomesfromwhatiscalled“quiet”Sun,beingradiatedbythecoronaandthe“chromospheres”thatlayerofnotverybrightgaswhichliesjustabovethephotosphere.（这些辐射比射电天文学家通常接收到的辐射强一千倍，它们来自于被称为“安静”的太阳，由日冕和位于光球层上方的一层不太亮的色球层辐射而来）可知，C项“色球层的运动”在文中有提及；根据最后一段倒数第二句ItwasinthiswaythatProfessorsM.RyleandA.HewishatCambridgeUniversity,England,foundthatthecoronacouldbetracedouttomorethan6millionmiles,andinthelineoftheSun’sequatorto12millionmilesormore.（正是通过这种方式，英国剑桥大学的M.Ryle和A.Hewish教授发现日冕可以追溯到600万英里以上，在太阳赤道线上可以追溯到1200万英里以上）可知D项“日冕范围”也有提及。因此，该题只有B项未提及，选择B项正确。

第5题:细节事实题。题干意思是“M.Ryle和A.Hewish教授发现了太阳的日冕……”。根据文章倒数第三句话However,byexaminingadistantradiosourceastheSunpassesinfrontofit,itispossibletodiscoverhowfarthecoronaextendsbyobservinghowtheradiowavesfromthedistantsourceareaffected.（然而，当太阳从一个遥远的射电源前面经过时，通过观察来自遥远的射电源的无线电波是如何受到影响的，就有可能发现日冕延伸了多远）可知B项“可以通过注意它对通过它的无线电波的影响来测量”正确。A项“延伸到地球本身”，文章最后一句提到IthaseverbeensuggestedthatthecoronaextendsasfarastheEarthitself.（曾经有人认为日冕一直延伸到地球本身），可知这不是M.Ryle和A.Hewish教授的发现；根据文章倒数第二句ItwasinthiswaythatProfessorsM.RyleandA.HewishatCambridgeUniversity,England,foundthatthecoronacouldbetracedouttomorethan6millionmiles,andinthelineoftheSun’sequatorto12millionmilesormore.（正是通过这种方式，英国剑桥大学的M.Ryle和A.Hewish教授发现日冕可以追溯到600万英里以上，在太阳赤道线上可以追溯到1200万英里以上）可知，C项“在光球层上方延伸不超过200万英里”和D项“放射x射线”在这里都未提及。因此，该题选择B项正确。

7.单选题

Untilrecentlymostastronomersbelievedthatthespacebetweenthegalaxiesinouruniversewasanearperfectvacuum.Thisorthodoxviewoftheuniverseisnowbeingchallengedbyastronomerswhobelievethataheavy“rain”ofgasisfallingintomanygalaxiesfromthesupposedlyemptyspacearoundthem.Thegasapparentlycondensesintoacollectionofsmallsupposedlyemptyspacearoundthem.Thegasapparentlycondensesintoacollectionofsmallstars,eachalittlelargerthantheplanetJupiter.Thesestarsvastlyoutnumbertheotherstarsinagivengalaxy.Theamountof“intergalacticrainfall”intosomeofthesegalaxieshasbeenenoughtodoubletheirmassinthetimesincetheyformed.Scientistshavebeguntosuspectthatthisintergalacticgasisprobablyamixtureofgasesleftoverfromthe“bigbang”whenthegalaxieswereformedandgaswasforcedoutofgalaxiesbysupernovaexplosions.

Itiswellknownthatwhengasiscooledataconstantpressureitsvolumedecreases.Thus,thephysicistFabianreasonedthatasintergalacticgascools,thecoolergasshrinksinwardtowardthecenterofthegalaxy.Meanwhileitsplaceistakenbyhotterintergalacticgasfromfartheroutontheedgeofthegalaxy,whichcoolsasitiscompressedandflowsintothegalaxy.Thenetresultisacontinuousflowofgas,startingashotgasesinintergalacticspaceandendingasadrizzleofcoolgascalleda“coolingflow,”fallingintothecentralgalaxy.Afairlyhereticalideainthe1970’s,thecooling-flowtheorygainedsupportwhenFabianobservedaclusterofgalaxiesintheconstellationPerseusandfoundthecentralgalaxy,NGC1275,tobeastrange-lookingobjectwithirregular,thinstrandsofgasradiatingfromit.Accordingtopreviousspeculation,thesestrandsweregasesthathadbeenblownoutbyanexplosioninthegalaxy.Fabian,however,disagreed.BecausethestrandsofgasradiatingfromNGC1275arevisibleinopticalphotographs,Fabiansuggestedthatsuchstrandsconsistednotofgasblownoutofthegalaxybutofcoolingflowsofgasstreaminginward.Henotedthatthewavelengthsoftheradiationemittedbyagaswouldchangeasthegascooled,sothatasthegasflowedintothegalaxyandbecamecooler,itwouldemitnotx-rays,butvisiblelight,likethatwhichwascapturedinthephotographs.Fabian’shypothesiswassupportedbyCanizares’determinationin1982thatmostofthegasinthePerseusclusterwasatatemperatureof80milliondegreesKelvin,whereasthegasimmediatelysurroundingNGC1275(thesubjectofthephotographs)wasatone-tenththistemperature.

1.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto______.

2.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat,ifFabianiscorrect,gasintheperipheralregionsofagalaxycluster______.

3.Accordingtothepassage,Fabianbelievesthatgasflowingintoacentralgalaxyhaswhichofthefollowingcharacteristics?

4.TheauthorofthepassageprobablymentionsCanizares’determinationinorderto______.

问题1选项

A.illustrateahypothesisabouttheoriginofgalaxies

B.provideevidencetodisputeanacceptedtheoryabouttheevolutionofgalaxies

C.summarizethestateofandprospectsforresearchinintergalacticastronomy

D.reconcileopposingviewsontheformationofintergalacticgas

问题2选项

A.streamsoutwardintointergalacticspace

B.iscomposedprimarilyofgasleftoverfromthebigbang

C.ishotterthangasinthecentralregionsofthegalaxy

D.expandstoincreasethesizeofthegalaxy

问题3选项

A.Itisone-tenthhotterthanitwasintheouterregionsofthegalaxycluster.

B.Itemitsradiationwithwavelengthsthatchangeasthegasmovestowardthecenterofthegalaxy.

C.Thetotalamountofradiationemitteddiminishesasthegascools.

D.Itcondensesataratemuchslowerthantherateofdecreaseintemperatureasthegasflowsinward.

问题4选项

A.clarifyanambiguityinFabian’sresearchfindings

B.illustrateageneralizationaboutthetemperatureofgasinagalaxycluster

C.introduceanewargumentinsupportoftheorthodoxviewofgalaxies

D.providesupportforFabian’sassertionsaboutthePerseusgalaxies

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:D

【解析】1.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】主旨大意题。题干意思是“文章的主要目的是……”。文章的第一段提出了不同的宇宙的正统观点并做了初步介绍：Thisorthodoxviewoftheuniverseisnowbeingchallengedbyastronomerswhobelievethataheavy“rain”ofgasisfallingintomanygalaxiesfromthesupposedlyemptyspacearoundthem.（这种关于宇宙的正统观点现在正受到天文学家的挑战，他们认为一场巨大的气体“雨”正从许多星系周围的所谓真空落入它们）；接着第二段就围绕具体的内容展开阐述，提出了不同天文学家的不同的看法；由此可以推知文章的目的是为反驳关于星系进化的被接受的理论提供证据，B项“提供证据来争论关于星系演化的公认理论”符合题意；A项“举例说明一个关于星系起源的假说”和D项“调和关于星系间气体形成的不同观点”只是文章其中的一部分；C项“综述了星系间天文学的研究现状和前景”，文中没有提到天文学的研究现状和前景。因此，该题选择B项正确。

2.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干意思是“从这篇文章中可以推断出，如果Fabian是正确的，在一个星系团的外围区域的气体……”。根据第二段的第二句和第三句Thus,thephysicistFabianreasonedthatasintergalacticgascools,thecoolergasshrinksinwardtowardthecenterofthegalaxy.Meanwhileitsplaceistakenbyhotterintergalacticgasfromfartheroutontheedgeofthegalaxy,whichcoolsasitiscompressedandflowsintothegalaxy.（因此，物理学家Fabian推断，当星系间气体冷却时，冷却的气体会向星系中心收缩。与此同时，它的位置被来自更远星系边缘的较热的气体所取代，这些气体冷却和压缩并流入星系。）可知，Fabian认为一个星系团的外围区域的气体要比星系中心热，C项“比星系中心区域的气体还要热”正确；A项“流向星系间的空间”，这是当星系间气体冷却时，冷却的气体会流向星系中心，题干问的是星系团的外围气体；B项“主要是由大爆炸留下的气体组成”和D项“扩大增加了星系的体积”没有提到。因此，该题选择C项正确。

3.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】细节事实题。题干意思是“根据文章，Fabian认为流入中央星系的气体具有以下哪一个特征？”。由第二段倒数第二句Henotedthatthewavelengthsoftheradiationemittedbyagaswouldchangeasthegascooled,sothatasthegasflowedintothegalaxyandbecamecooler,itwouldemitnotx-rays,butvisiblelight,likethatwhichwascapturedinthephotographs.（Fabian指出，随着气体冷却，气体发出的辐射波长会发生变化，因此当气体流入星系并变得更冷时，它不会发出x射线，而是发出可见光，就像照片中捕捉到的那样）可知，Fabian认为流入中央星系的气体发出的辐射波长会随着气体向星系中心移动而发生变化，B项“它发出的辐射波长随着气体向星系中心移动而变化”正确；由第二段最后一句Fabian’shypothesiswassupportedbyCanizares’determinationin1982thatmostofthegasinthePerseusclusterwasatatemperatureof80milliondegreesKelvin,whereasthegasimmediatelysurroundingNGC1275(thesubjectofthephotographs)wasatone-tenththistemperature.（Fabian的假设得到了1982年Canizares的支持，即英仙座星系团的大部分气体温度为8000万开氏度，而紧邻NGC1275的气体温度仅为这个温度的十分之一）可知，星系团外围区域的温度仅为星系团温度的十分之一，A项“它比星系团外围区域的温度高十分之一”错误；C项“随着气体冷却，放射出的辐射总量减少”，文中没有提到发出的辐射量是增多还是减少；D项“当气体向内流动时，它冷凝的速度比温度下降的速度要慢得多”没提到。因此，该题选择B项正确。

4.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干意思是“这篇文章的作者提到Canizares的决定可能是为了……”。第二段最后一句提到Fabian’shypothesiswassupportedbyCanizares’determinationin1982thatmostofthegasinthePerseusclusterwasatatemperatureof80milliondegreesKelvin,whereasthegasimmediatelysurroundingNGC1275(thesubjectofthephotographs)wasatone-tenththistemperature.（Fabian的假设得到了1982年Canizares的支持，即英仙座星系团的大部分气体温度为8000万开氏度，而紧邻NGC1275的气体温度仅为这个温度的十分之一），可推知作者提到Canizares的决定是为了对Fabian关于英仙座星系的断言提供支持，D项“为Fabian关于英仙座星系的断言提供支持”符合题意；A项“澄清Fabian研究结果中的一个歧义”，文中没有提到歧义；B项“举例说明一个关于星系团中气体温度的概括”并不是文章提到Canizares的目的；C项“引入一个新的论点来支持正统的星系观点”，文章在这里是用来支持Fabian的假设，而非正统的星系观点。因此，该题选择D项正确。

8.单选题

ThereareAmericanswhovisitFranceandcomebacksaying“theFrencharesorude.”Ifeeldifferently.IthinkAmericansperceiveFrenchbehavior“rude”becauseitdoesn'tfollowAmericanrules.Youcan'tassumethateveryoneinFranceshouldspeakEnglish.Youcan'tapproachaFrenchstrangerwithabigAmericanhelloand“howareyou”andexpectthemtorespondinkind.However,ifyoulookthemintheeye,giveaslightnodwithagentlehello,theywillrespondfavorably.

MostFrenchpeopleImeetaresubtleanddignified.Theyarenotloud,andtheyarereservedintheirexpressions.Weliketosaywordslike“great”,“magnificent”,or“marvelous”TheFrenchwillsay“pasmal”(notbad)eveniftheywinthelottery!AndyouwillbewrongifyouthinkEuropeansdon'thavetheirownnegativeideaofAmericans.MostyoungEuropeansI'vemetviewAmericansas“fake”andloud,sincewedotendtohavebighellosandsmilesforstrangersandask“howareyou”andwalkawaybeforearesponse.WeshouldmakeaconsciousefforttoshowtheFrenchthatwecanadjusttooursurroundings,andthatwedon'texpecttoenteraforeigncountryandhaveeverythingbejustaswewishittobe.

Iwasn’tabletocompletelyforgetmyAmericanrootsduringmystay.Iwasstilltheonegettingstrangelookswearingmysandalsinthecold(withsocksofcourse).Iwasstilltheonewiththeloudestlaugh.AndIcouldneverquitegetmyvoicetothatlevelwhichis“loudenoughforthewaitertohearbutnotnearbydiners”IwillalwaysfeelabitlikeanawkwardteenagerasIstumblemywayaroundEurope.IwasveryluckyinthatmyFrenchfriendsinsistedmyAmericanidiosyncrasies(习性)werecharminganddeservingofacceptance.

SolookattheFrenchinanewlight.Theyhavearichculture,arichpast.Icanattesttothefactthatifyouarekindandpolite,youwillgainfriends,andperhapsevenimproveforeignrelations!

1.Accordingtothepassage,whatmakesAmericansthinkthattheFrencharerude?

2.ComparedwithAmericans,theFrenchtendto（）whentheygivecompliments.

3.Whichoftheflowingdoestheauthorprobablyagree?

4.Themainpurposeofthepassagecanbebestputasto（）.

问题1选项

A.ThewayFrenchpeoplegreetstrangersinpublicisimpoliteandunkind.

B.ThewayFrenchpeoplebehavediffersfromwhatAmericansareusedto.

C.FewFrenchholdafriendlyorfavorableattitudetowardEnglishspeakers.

D.FewFrenchrespondtostrangersgentleandkindgreetingsfavorably.

问题2选项

A.speakataloudanddignifiedvoice

B.avoidusingnegativeexpressions

C.choosesubtleandmoderateexpressions

D.begenerousandsomewhatexaggerating

问题3选项

A.Oneshouldsticktohisownculturewhenhecommunicateswithforeigners.

B.Oneshouldfullyadapttotheculturalnormsofaforeigncountryhelivesin.

C.Onecankeepsomerulesofhisnativeculturewhenlivinginaforeigncounty.

D.Onecaneasilymakefriendswithforeignersbylearningtheiridiosyncrasies

问题4选项

A.explainaculturalconceptbycomparingtwopeoples’behaviors

B.tellatruestorybasedontheauthor’sownexperienceinaforeigncountry

C.proveapopularviewonanationbyuseoflogicalreasoning

D.refuteanationalstereotypewithevidencefromtheauthor'sownexperience

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:D

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据题干定位到原文第一段“IthinkAmericansperceiveFrenchbehavior"rude"becauseitdoesn'tfollowAmericanrules.”我认为美国人认为法国人的行为“粗鲁”，因为它不遵守美国的规则。A选项“法国人与陌生人在公众场合打招呼的方式是不礼貌和不友好的”，B选项“法国人与美国人的行为方式所习惯的不同”，C选项“很少有法国人对说英语的人持友好或有利的态度”。D选项“很少有法国人会亲切地问候陌生人”。因此，B选项符合题意。

2.细节事实题。根据题干定位到第二段首句“MostFrenchpeopleImeetaresubtleanddignified.”A选项“大声而庄重的说话”，B选项“避免使用消极的表达”，C选项“选择微妙和适度的表达”。D选项“慷慨一点，夸张一点”。因此，C选项符合题意。

3.判断推理题。根据题干定位到原文中的“Iwasn'tabletocompletelyforgetmyAmericanrootsduringmystay.Iwasstilltheonegettingstrangelookswearingmysandalsinthecold(withsocksofcourse).”在逗留期间，我没能完全忘记我的美国根。我仍然是那个在寒冷的天气里穿着凉鞋(当然是袜子)，被别人奇怪地看着的人。对应C选项“一个人在异国他乡生活时，可以保持一些本国文化的规则”。A选项“当一个人与外国人交流时，他应该坚持自己的文化”。“WeshouldmakeaconsciousefforttoshowtheFrenchthatwecanadjusttooursurroundings,andthatwedon'texpecttoenteraforeigncountryandhaveeverythingbejustaswewishittobe.”我们应该有意识地向法国人表明，我们能够适应我们的环境，我们不希望进入一个外国，一切都像我们希望的那样。可得知A选项错误。B选项“一个人应该完全适应他所生活的外国的文化规范”，完全适应过于绝对。D选项“通过了解外国人的性格特点，我们可以很容易地和他们交朋友”。原文没有提到。因此，C选项符合题意。

4.作者意图题。题目问的是这篇文章的主要目的最好的解释是什么，定位到文章的首段“ThereareAmericanswhovisitFranceandcomebacksaying"theFrencharesorude."Ifeeldifferently.”有些美国人到法国旅游回来后说:“法国人太粗鲁了。”我感觉不一样。后文也是用自己的亲身经历来反驳这些美国人的观点。A选项“通过比较两个人的行为来解释一个文化概念”，B选项“根据作者自己在国外的经历讲一个真实的故事”，C选项“用逻辑推理证明一个国家的流行观点”，D选项“用作者自己的经验来反驳国家的刻板印象”。因此，D选项符合题意。

9.单选题

TheyaregoingtoLondon,buttheir（）destinationisRome.

问题1选项

A.ultimate

B.prime

C.next

D.cardinal

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。ultimate“最终的”；prime“主要的，最好的”；next“接下来的”；cardinal“主要的，基本的；深红色的”。句意：他们打算去伦敦，但是他们最终的目的地是罗马。选项A符合题意。

10.单选题

Thereiscurrentlyaboardanewwaveofappreciationforbreadthofknowledge.Curriculaatuniversitiesandcollegesandprogramsinfederalagenciesextolthevirtuesofabroadeducation.Forscientistswhoworkinspecializedjobs,itisapleasuretoescapeinoursparetimetoreadbroadlyinfieldsdistantfromourown.Someofushavemadeinterdisciplinarystudyinouroccupation,whichisnosurprise,becausemuchoftheintellectualactioninoursocietytodayliesattheinterfacesbetweentraditionaldisciplines.Environmentalscienceisagoodexample,becauseitfrequentlyrequiresustobeconversantinseveraldifferentsciencesandevensomeunscientificfields.

Experiencingthisbreadthofknowledgeisstimulating,butsoisdelvingdeeplyintoasubject.Botharewonderfulexperiencesthatarecomplementarypracticalandaestheticways.Theyarelikeviewingthemarveloussculptureofknowledgeintwodifferentways.Lookatthesculpturefromoneperspectiveandyouseethepieceinitsentirety,howitscomponentsconnecttogiveitform,balance,andsymmetry.Fromanotherviewpointyouseeitsdetail,depthandmass.Thereisnoneedtochoosebetweenthesetwoperspectivesinart.Todosowouldsubtractfromthetotalityofthefigure.

Soitiswithscience.Sometimeswegazethroughasubjectandarereluctanttostopfortoomuchdetail.Aschemists,wearefascinatedbycomputerscienceormoleculargenetics,butnotenoughtobecomeanexpert.Orwemaybeinterestedinananalyticaltechniquebutnotenoughtostayatitscuttingedge.Atothertimes,webecomeimmersedinthedetailofasubjectandseeitsbeautyinanentirelydifferentwaythanwhenwebrowse.Itisasifwepenetratethesurfaceofthesculptureandpassthroughthecrystalstructuretothemolecularlevelwherethecodefortheentirestructureisrevealed.

Unfortunately,inourzealforbreadthordepth,weoftenfeelthatitisnecessarytodiminishthevalueoftheother.Specialistsaresometimesridiculedwithnamedsuchas“nerd”or“technocrats”,generalistsareoftencriticizedforbeingtoo“soft”orknowingtoolittleaboutanyonething.Bothareludicrousaccusationsthatdenyapartoftherealityofenvironmentalscience.Letusnotbedividedbyourpassionfordepthorbreadth.Thebeautythatawaitsusoneitherrouteistooprecioustostifle,toowonderfultodiminishbybickering.

1.Fromabroadeducationtointerdisciplinarystudy,wecansee（）.

2.Thecommentatorwouldsaythatthetotalityofthesculptureofknowledge（）.

3.Justbecausewebecomeengrossedinthedetailofasubject,accordingtothecomment,doesnotmeanthatwe（）.

4.Itiscommentator’scontentionthatneitherspecialistsnorgeneralist（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?

问题1选项

A.theintegrationoftheorywithpractice

B.theenthusiasmforbreadthofknowledge

C.therapiddivisionoftraditionaldisciplines

D.theconfrontationbetweenspecialistsandgeneralists

问题2选项

A.ismainlycomposedoftwoelements

B.presentstwodifferentpointsofview

C.cannotbeperceivedfromoneperspective

D.isawholemadeupofcomplementaryelements

问题3选项