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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-大连理工大学押题密卷附带答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

FossilsarethetracesofplantsandanimalsofpastgeologicalagesthathavebeenpreservedintheEarth'scrust

问题1选项

A.registers

B.residue

C.profusion

D.precursors

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。trace意为“踪迹,痕迹”;register意为“注册,登记”;residue意为“残留物,残渣”;profusion意为“大量,众多”;precursor意为“先驱,先锋”。

句意:化石是过去地质时代的动植物在地壳中保存下来的痕迹。

2.单选题

Thefateofancientmansionissealedsincethemayorhasdecided:“(

)thishousewillbepulleddownbytheFirstofOctober.”

问题1选项

A.Whatmaycome

B.Comewhatmay

C.Maywhatcome

D.Comemaywhat

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。comewhatmay“无论如何”。句意:古宅的命运是注定了的,自从市长决定无论怎样,这栋房子将在十月一号被推倒。选项B符合题意。

3.单选题

Arecentsurveysuggestedthatifmoneywerenotanissue,mostmothers________nottoworkatall.

问题1选项

A.shouldprefer

B.prefer

C.wouldprefer

D.preferred

【答案】C

【解析】考查虚拟语气的用法。选项里面都有prefer,句意是:一项调查显示如果不是因为经济问题,多数母亲更愿意选择不工作。从if可以联想到条件句,后面接的是were,可知这是个虚拟的条件,否则be动词形式我们会选was或者is,因虚拟语气的主句谓语形式是would+原形或者wouldhavedone,所以B和D不能选,should的本意是“应该”,would的意思是“将会”,选would句意会更加贴切,所以我们应该选C。

4.单选题

Someoftheseonlineservicesarefree,whileothers(

)acharge.

问题1选项

A.carry

B.cashier

C.coincide

D.collect

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:有些网络服务是免费的,但是其他的需要付费。carry“包含”;cashier“解雇”;coincide“同时发生”;collect“收集”。根据句意,选项A符合题意。

5.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingparagraphsintoChinese.

Wefindthatbrightchildrenarerarelyheldbackbymixed-abilityteaching.Onthecontrary,boththeirknowledgeandexperienceareenriched.Wefeelthattherearemanydisadvantagesinstreamingpupils.Itdoesnottakeintoaccountthefactthatchildrendevelopatdifferentrates.Itcanhaveabadeffectonbothheightandtheno-so-brightchild.Afterall,itcanbequitediscouragingtobeatthebottomofthetopgrade.

Besides,itisratherunrealtogradepeoplejustaccordingtotheirintellectualability.Thisisonlyoneaspectoftheirtotalpersonality.Weareconcernedtodeveloptheabilitiesofallourpupilstothefull,notjusttheiracademicability.Wealsovaluepersonalqualitiesandsocialskills,andwefindthatmixed-abilityteachingcontributestoalltheseaspectsoflearning.

【答案】我们发现,聪明的孩子如果接受不按能力分班的教学,很少会因此而在发展方面受到阻碍。相反,他们在知识和经验方面都有长进。我们认为把学生按照能力分班有很多弊端。这种做法没有考虑到孩子们发展差异这一事实。对聪明的孩子和不太聪明的孩子都有不利影响。毕竟,在最好的那一档里做最差的学生也是非常令人沮丧的。

此外,只根据智力水平来对人进行分类也是颇不现实的。智力水平仅仅是整体人格特征的一个方面罢了。我们关心的是让所有的学生都能充分发展各方面的能力,而不仅仅只是学术能力。我们也很看重个人品质与社交技能,而我们发现不按能力分班的教学有助于学习的各个方面。

6.单选题

SecretaryOfStateKerrysaidthatit’simportantforpeopleintheworldnotto(

)allegedterroristsbuttounderscoretheimportanceoftheruleoflaw.

问题1选项

A.sympathizewith

B.getalongwith

C.referto

D.respondto

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词组辨析。A选项sympathizewith表示“同情,与……产生共鸣”;B选项getalongwith表示“与……和睦相处,取得进展”;C选项referto表示“参考,涉及,指的是”;D选项respondto表示“响应”。由句意可知,国务卿克里表示,对世界人民来讲,重要的不是同情所谓的恐怖分子,而是要强调法治的重要性。因此,A选项的词义更符合句意,故本题正确答案为A选项。

7.单选题

Therelationshipbetweenformaleducationandeconomicgrowthinpoorcountriesiswidelymisunderstoodbyeconomistsandpoliticiansalike.Progressinbothareasisundoubtedlynecessaryforthesocial,politicalandintellectualdevelopmentoftheseandallothersocieties;however,theconventionalviewthateducationshouldbeoneoftheveryhighestprioritiesforpromotingrapideconomicdevelopmentinpoorcountriesiswrong.Wearefortunatethatisitbecausebuildingneweducationalsystemsthereandputtingenoughpeoplethroughthemtoimproveeconomicperformancewouldrequiretwoorthreegenerations.Thefindingsofaresearchinstitutionhaveconsistentlyshownthatworkersinallcountriescanbetrainedonthejobtoachieveradicallyhigherproductivityand,asaresult,radicallyhigherstandardsofliving.

Ironically,thefirstevidenceforthisideaappearedintheUnitedStates.Notlongago,withthecountryenteringarecessingandJapanatitspre-bubblepeak,theU.S.workforcewasderidedaspoorlyeducatedandoneoftheprimarycauseofthepoorU.S.economicperformance.Japanwas,andremains,thegloballeaderinautomotiveassemblyproductivity.YettheresearchrevealedthattheU.S.factoriesofHonda,Nissan,andToyotaachievedabout95percentoftheproductivityoftheirJapanesecounterparts—aresultofthetrainingthatU.S.workersreceivedonthejob.

Morerecently,whileexamininghousingconstruction,theresearchersdiscoveredthatilliterate,non-English-speakingMexicanworkersinHouston,Texas,consistentlymetbest-practicelaborproductivitystandardsdespitethecomplexityofthebuildingindustry'swork.

Whatistherealrelationshipbetweeneducationandeconomicdevelopment?Wehavebeguntosuspectthatcontinuingeconomicgrowthpromotesthedevelopmentofeducationevenwhengovernmentsdon’tforceit.Afterall,that’showeducationgotstarted.Whenourancestorswerehuntersandgatherers10,000yearsago,theydidn’thavetimetowondermuchaboutanythingbesidesfindingfood.Onlywhenhumanitybegantogetitsfoodinamoreproductivewaywastheretimeforotherthings.

Aseducationimproved,humanity’sproductivitypotentialincreasedaswell.Whenthecompetitiveenvironmentpushedourancestorstoachievethatpotential,theycouldinturnaffordmoreeducation.Thisincreasinglyhighlevelofeducationisprobablyanecessary,butnotasufficient,conditionforthecomplexpoliticalsystemsrequiredbyadvancedeconomicperformance.Thuspoorcountriesmightnotbeabletoescapetheirpovertytrapswithoutpoliticalchangesthatmaybepossibleonlywithbroaderformaleducation.Alackofformaleducationhowever,doesn’tconstraintheabilityofthedevelopingworld’sworkforcetosubstantiallyimproveproductivityfortheforeseeablefuture.Onthecontrary,constraintsonimprovingproductivityexplainwhyeducationisn'tdevelopingmorequicklytherethanitis.

1.Theauthorholdsinparagraph1thattheimportanceofeducationinpoorcountries().

2.AmajordifferencebetweentheJapaneseandU.S.workforcesisthat().

3.Theauthorquotestheexampleofourancestortoshowthateducationemerged().

4.Accordingtothelastparagraph,developmentofeducation().

问题1选项

A.isconventionaldowngraded

B.hasbeenoverestimated

C.issubjecttogroundlessdoubts

D.hasfallenvictimofbias

问题2选项

A.theU.S.workforceismoreorganize

B.theJapaneseworkforceismoreproductive

C.theU.S.workforcehasabettereducation

D.theJapaneseworkforceisbetterdisciplined

问题3选项

A.asaresultofpressureongovernment

B.whenpeoplenolongerwenthungry

C.C.priortobetterwaysoffindingfood

D.whenpeoplehadenoughtime

问题4选项

A.followedimprovedproductivity

B.doesnotdependoneconomicperformance

C.resultsdirectlyfromthecompetitiveenvironments

D.cannotaffordpoliticalchanges

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:B

第4题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。题目问的是“作者在第一段中认为教育在贫穷国家的重要性……”。文章第一段第二句后半句提到“传统观点认为教育应该是促进贫穷国家经济快速发展的最高优先事项之一,这种观点是错误的”(however,theconventionalviewthateducationshouldbeoneoftheveryhighestprioritiesforpromotingrapideconomicdevelopmentinpoorcountriesiswrong),由此可知贫穷国家教育的重要性被高估了,因此选项B符合题意。

2.细节事实题。题目问的是“日本和美国劳动力的一个主要区别是什么?”文章第二段最后提到研究表明丰田、尼桑和本田位于美国的工厂的生产率大约是日本同行的95%(YettheresearchrevealedthattheU.S.factoriesofHonda,Nissan,andToyotaachievedabout95percentoftheproductivityoftheirJapanesecounterparts),由此可以推测出日本的生产率比美国的要高,因此选项B符合题意。

3.细节事实题。题目问的是“作者引用我们祖先的例子来说明教育的出现……”。文章第四段第二句话提到“我们怀疑,即使政府不强迫,持续的经济增长也会促进教育的发展”(Wehavebeguntosuspectthatcontinuingeconomicgrowthpromotesthedevelopmentofeducationevenwhengovernmentsdon’tforceit);当我们的祖先还在狩猎和采集的时候,除了寻找食物,他们没有时间去思考其他的事情,由此可知教育之所以出现,是因为不需要去担心食物的问题,选项B“人们不再挨饿”符合题意。

4.细节事实题。题目问的是“根据文章最后一段可知教育的发展……”。文章最后一段的第一句提到随着教育的进步,人类的生产潜力也增加了(Aseducationimproved,humanity’sproductivitypotentialincreasedaswell),选项A“伴随生产力的提升”符合题意。

8.写作题

Directions:Inthispart,youareexpectedtowriteacompositionentitled“HasTechnologyMadetheWorldaBetterPlacetoLive?“innolessthan300wordsPleasewriteyourcompositionreadableandneatlyontheAnswerSheet.

【答案】略

9.单选题

Ise-mailablessingoracurse?Lastmonth,afteraweek’svocation,Idiscovered1218unreade-mailmessageswaitinginmybox.Ipretendedtobedismayed,butsecretlyIwaspleased.Thisishowwemeasureourwiredworthinthelate1990s.Ifyouaren’toverwhelmedbye-mail,youmustbedoingsomethingwrong.

E-mail.Can’tlivewithit,can’tlivewithoutit.Artistsandrealartists,advertisersandfreedomfighters,loversandswornenemies—they’veallflockedtoe-mailastheywouldtoanynewmediumofexpression.E-mailisconvenient,savestime,bringsusclosertooneanother,andhelpsusmanageourever-more-complexlives.Booksarewritten,campaignsconducted,crimescommitted—allviae-mail.Butitisalsoinconvenient,wastesourtime,isolatesusinfrontofourcomputersandintroducesmorecomplexityintoouralreadytoo-hurriedlives.Toskeptics,e-mailisjustthelatestchapterintheevolvinghistoryofhumancommunication.

Yete-mailallonlinecommunicationisinfactsomethingtrulydifferent;itcapturestheessenceoflifeatthecloseofthe20thcenturywithanauthoritythatfewotherproductsofdigitaltechnologycanclaim.Doesthepaceoflifeseemeverfaster?E-mailsimultaneouslyallowsustocopewiththataccelerationandcontributestoit.Areourattentionspansshrivelingunderbarragesofnew,improvedformsofstimulation?Thequickanddirtye-mailismadetoorderforthosewhoseabilitytoconcentrateismeasuredinnanoseconds.Ifweacceptthatthecreationoftheglobal-spanningInternetisoneofthemostimportanttechnologicalinnovationsofthelasthalfofthiscentury,thenwemustgivee-mail,thelivingembodimentofhumanconnectionacrosstheNet,prideofplace.Thewayweinteractwitheachotherischanging;e-mailisboththecatalystandtheinstrumentofthatchange.

1.Accordingtothepassage,e-mailisconvenientbecauseit()

2.Theauthorofthispassageisaboute-mail()

3.Whichofthefollowingphrasesistheclosestinmeaningtothephrase“give...prideofplace”inParagraph3?

4.AllthefollowingstatementsaretrueEXCEPT()

5.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

问题1选项

A.savesourtime

B.introducesmorecomplexityintoourtoo-upsetlives

C.makescommunicationpossible

D.enrichourlives

问题2选项

A.skeptical

B.positive

C.negative

D.firm

问题3选项

A.takeprideintheplace

B.beproudof

C.give...themostimportantposition

D.putstresson

问题4选项

A.E-mailnotonlyallowsustocopewiththefasterpaceoflifebutalsomakesitaccelerated

B.Thewayweinteractwitheachotherischanging

C.E-mailcanhelpusmanageourever-more-complexlives

D.Onlyadvertisersmakeuseofe-mail

问题5选项

A.E-mailisoneofthemostimportanttechnologicalinnovationsofthelasthalfofthe20thcentury.

B.E-mailistheinstrumentthatbringsaboutgreatchangesinhumanconnection.

C.E-mailhelpsusunderstandtheessenceoflifeatthecloseofthe20thcentury.

D.E-mailisnotonlyconvenientbutalsoinconvenient.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据第二段的第四句“E-mailisconvenient,savestime,bringsusclosertooneanother,andhelpsusmanageourever-more-complexlives.”可知选项A正确。

2.观点态度题。根据最后一段的倒数第二句“Ifweacceptthat....,prideofplace.”如果我们承认,创建全球范围的互联网是本世纪后半叶最重要的技术创新之一,那么我们就必须将电子邮件放在头等重要的位置,因为这是互联网上人与人之间联系的生动的体现。。由此可知作者对电子邮件态度是积极的。

3.语义题。结合原文句意:如果我们承认,全球互联网的创建是本世纪后半叶最重要的技术创新之一,那么我们就必须将电子邮件放在头等重要的位置,因为这是互联网上人与人之间联系的生动的体现。prideofplace指头等重要的位置,选项C符合原文。

4.细节事实题。根据第二段可知不仅仅是广告商,还艺术家,自由斗士,情侣以及敌人都用电子邮件,所以选项D错误。

5.主旨大意题。本文主要主要围绕电子邮件讲述了其特点和作用,意在指出电子邮件是20世纪后半叶最重要的技术创新之一。所以选项A最能概括全文。

10.单选题

Iwasdeeplyimpressedbythehostess'(

)andenjoyedthedinnerpartyverymuch.

问题1选项

A.hostility

B.indignation

C.hospitality

D.humanity

【答案】C

【解析】句意:女主人的热情好客给我留下了深刻印象,我在这次晚宴中很开心。

考查名词辨析。Hostility敌意,战争行动;indignation愤慨,义愤;hospitality好客,殷勤;humanity人道,仁慈。故C符合句意。

11.单选题

GianlucaVialli,managerofChelseaFootballClub,expresseditexplicitlyenough:“Thefootisthetoolofthetradeofthefootballer.”Youmightthereforeexpectfootballerstotakeparticularlygoodcareoftheirfeet.ButresultspresentedatarecentconferenceofdermatologistsinAmsterdamsuggestotherwise.Professionalfootballersseemaslikelytosufferfromfungalinfectionsofthefootasotherpeople.

Onestudy,calledAchillesProject,lookedat76,475pairsoffeetbelongingtopeoplefrom18Europeancountries.Itfoundthat26%ofthesamplehadTineapedis,betterknownasathlete’sfoot,while30%hadOnychomycosis,aninfectionthatcausestoenailstobecomethickened,discoloredanddistorted.TheresultsshowedthatEastEuropeancountrieshaveconsistentlyhigherratesofinfection.Onaverage,30%ofBritons,GermansandBelgianshadsomeformoffungalinfection,comparedwith85%ofRussians,andlessthan10%ofSpaniards.

Furthermore,adultsundertheageof40whotookregularexercisehada40%greaterriskoffungalinfectionthanthosewhodidnot.Leisurecentersandswimmingpoolswereidentifiedaspotentialhealthhazardstotheverypeoplewhovisitthemtostayfit.Communalshowersandchangingroomsareperfectbreeding—groundsforthehighlyinfectiousfungithatspreadfootandnailinfection:upto1,500fungally-infectedskinfragmentspersquaremetershavebeenfoundinsomeleisurefacilities.Sweatysocksandwarm,dampsportsshoesprovideequallyhospitableenvironments.

Allofwhichgoessomewaytoexplainingthefootballers.Nodoubtallthattimespentinshowersandchanging-roomsispartlyresponsible.ButDr.Caputo,adermatologist,alsofoundanotherfactor:footballersareoftenreluctant,forsuperstitiousreasons,todiscardtheiroldboots.Hefoundthatplayersgetattachedtoparticularboots;iftheyscoreagoalwithone,theywillwearitagainandagain.Theriskofathlete’sfootmaybeasmallpricetopayforagoal.

1.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?

2.Accordingtothepassage,“AchillesProject”wasdesignedto(

).

3.FromthedescriptionofTineapedisandOnychomycosis,wearesurethat(

).

4.Whichofthefollowingcan

besafelyinferredconcerningtheleisurecentersandswimmingpools?

5.WhatdidDr.Caputofindaboutfootballers?

问题1选项

A.Footballersdonotcarefortheirfeetasexpected.

B.Footballers’feetaremoresensitivetofungalinfections.

C.Footballersusuallycarefortheirfeetmorethanotherpeople.

D.Footballers’feetaremorevulnerablethanthoseofotherpeople.

问题2选项

A.serveasaglobalscreeningforfootinfections

B.collectasampleofinfectedathletesforresearch

C.lookintotheconditionsoffeetinEuropeancountries

D.findmeasuresforreducinghighratesoffootinfections

问题3选项

A.TineapedisaffectsathletesmorethanOnychomycosis

B.TineapedisandOnychomycosisarebothfungalinfections

C.TineapedisisamoreseriousinfectionthanOnychomycosis

D.Tineapedisismoresensitivetoanti-fungaldrugsthanOnychomycosis

问题4选项

A.Theycouldhelppeopleinonewayandharmtheminanother.

B.Theydonotspreadinfectionsasmuchasotherpublicplaces.

C.Theydonotperformadequatecheck-upsfortheirvisitors.

D.Theyareunlikelytospreadfungalinfection.

问题5选项

A.Theyplaytoomuchtokeeptheirfeetclean.

B.Theyusuallydonotthrowawaycomfortableboots.

C.Theybelievesomeshoesmaybringthemgoodluck.

D.Theyoftensticktohigh-pricedshoesforscoringgoals.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】1.【选项释义】

Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?我们可以从第一段中学到什么?

A.Footballersdonotcarefortheirfeetasexpected.A.足球运动员并不像预期的那样关心他们的脚。

B.Footballers’feetaremoresensitivetofungalinfections.B.足球运动员的脚对真菌感染更敏感。

C.Footballersusuallycarefortheirfeetmorethanotherpeople.C.足球运动员通常比其他人更关心自己的脚。

D.Footballers’feetaremorevulnerablethanthoseofotherpeople.D.足球运动员的脚比其他人的脚更容易受伤。

【答案】A

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据题干信息可定位至原文第一段第二、三、四句“因此,你可能会期望足球运动员特别照顾好他们的脚。但最近在阿姆斯特丹举行的一次皮肤病专家会议上的结果却表明,情况并非如此。职业足球运动员似乎和其他人一样容易患足部真菌感染。”由文中第一段第二句可知A选项“足球运动员并不像预期的那样在意自己的脚”符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

B选项“足球运动员的脚对真菌感染更敏感。”,文中提到“职业足球运动员似乎和其他人一样容易患足部真菌感染。”但并没有说足球运动员的脚更加容易感染,属于无中生有;

C选项“足球运动员通常比其他人更关心自己的脚。”,文中可知运动员并不像预期那样在意自己的脚,该选项属于反向干扰;

D选项“足球运动员的脚比其他人的脚更容易受伤。”第一段没有提及,属于无中生有。

2.【选项释义】

Accordingtothepassage,“AchillesProject”wasdesignedto().根据文章,“阿喀琉斯计划”被设计为____。

A.serveasaglobalscreeningforfootinfectionsA.作为全球脚部感染的筛查

B.collectasampleofinfectedathletesforresearchB.收集受感染运动员的样本进行研究

C.lookintotheconditionsoffeetinEuropeancountriesC.调查欧洲国家人的脚部情况

D.findmeasuresforreducinghighratesoffootinfectionsD.找出降低高脚部感染率的方法

【答案】C

【考查点】事实细节题。

【解题思路】根据题干信息可定位至原文第二段第一句和第二句“一项名为阿喀琉斯计划的研究调查了来自18个欧洲国家的人的76,475双脚。”,由此句中“18个欧洲国家的人的76,475双脚”可知该计划是为了C选项“调查欧洲国家人的脚部情况”。

【干扰项排除】

A选项“作为全球脚部感染的筛查”,原文中只提及了欧洲国家的脚部感染情况,该选项属于无中生有;

B选项“收集受感染运动员的样本进行研究”,在文中并未提及只收集了足球运动员的样本,属于无中生有;

D选项“找出降低高脚部感染率的方法”,由后文可知此计划是想找出感染的途径,该选项并未提及,属于无中生有。

3.【选项释义】

FromthedescriptionofTineapedisandOnychomycosis,wearesurethat().从足癣和甲真菌病的描述,我们确定____。

A.TineapedisaffectsathletesmorethanOnychomycosisA.足癣对运动员的影响大于甲真菌病

B.TineapedisandOnychomycosisarebothfungalinfectionsB.足癣和甲真菌病都是真菌感染

C.TineapedisisamoreseriousinfectionthanOnychomycosisC.足癣是一种比甲真菌病更严重的感染

D.Tineapedisismoresensitivetoanti-fungaldrugsthanOnychomycosisD.足癣对抗真菌药物比甲真菌病更敏感

【答案】B

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据题干信息可定位至原文第二段第二句“结果发现,26%的样本患有足癣,也就是人们熟知的香港脚,而30%的样本患有甲癣,一种会导致脚趾甲变厚、变色和变形的感染。”由此句以及前文提及“阿喀琉斯计划调查真菌感染”,可知这两种病都是属于真菌感染。所以B选项“足癣和甲真菌病都是真菌感染”符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

A选项“足癣对运动员的影响大于甲真菌病”,在文中并未提及属于无中生有;

C选项“足癣是一种比甲真菌病更严重的感染”,在文中没有提及属于无中生有;

D选项“足癣对抗真菌药物比甲真菌病更敏感”,在文中并未提及属于无中生有。

4.【选项释义】

Whichofthefollowingcanbesafelyinferredconcerningtheleisurecentersandswimmingpools?关于休闲中心和游泳池,下列哪项可以安全推断出来?

A.Theycouldhelppeopleinonewayandharmtheminanother.A.它们可以以一种方式帮助人们,以另一种方式伤害他们。

B.Theydonotspreadinfectionsasmuchasotherpublicplaces.B.它们不像其他公共场所那样传播感染。

C.Theydonotperformadequatecheck-upsfortheirvisitors.C.他们没有为来访者进行充分的检查。

D.Theyareunlikelytospreadfungalinfection.D.它们不太可能传播真菌感染。

【答案】A

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据题干信息可定位至原文第三段第二句和第三句“想保持健康的人们经常去的休闲中心和游泳池,被认为存在潜在健康危害。公共淋浴间和更衣室是传播足部和指甲感染的高传染性真菌的完美温床。”由这两句可知休闲场所和游泳池可以使人们健康,也可以使人们感染真菌,即在健康方面帮助人们但是又容易让人们感染真菌。因此A选项正确。

【干扰项排除】

B选项“它们不像其他公共场所那样传播感染。”,原文中并未将这两个地方与其他公共场所进行比较,属于无中生有;

C选项“它们没有为来访者进行充分的检查。”,文中没有提及,属于无中生有;

D选项“它们不太可能传播真菌感染。”,文中提到“公共淋浴间和更衣室是传播足部和指甲感染的高传染性真菌的完美温床”,所以这两处地方容易传播真菌感染,该选项属于反向干扰。

5.【选项释义】

WhatdidDr.Caputofindaboutfootballers?卡普托医生对足球运动员有什么发现?

A.Theyplaytoomuchtokeeptheirfeetclean.A.足球运动员他们踢球太多,以至于不能保持脚的干净。

B.Theyusuallydonotthrowawaycomfortableboots.B.他们通常不会扔掉舒适的靴子。

C.Theybelievesomeshoesmaybringthemgoodluck.C.他们相信一些鞋子可以给他们带来好运。

D.Theyoftensticktohigh-pricedshoesforscoringgoals.D.他们经常为了进球而选择高价球鞋。

【答案】C

【考查点】事实细节题。

【解题思路】根据题干信息可定位到最后一段第三句“但皮肤科医生卡普托还发现了另一个因素:由于迷信的原因,足球运动员通常不愿扔掉他们的旧靴子。”由此句可知C选项“他们相信一些鞋子可以给他们带来好运”符合原文。

【干扰项排除】

A选项“足球运动员他们踢球太多,以至于不能保持脚的干净。”,文中没有提及,属于无中生有;

B选项“他们通常不会扔掉舒适的靴子。”,属于无中生有;

D选项“他们经常为了进球而选择高价球鞋。”,属于无中生有。

12.单选题

Manyofthesuccessfulmen,hadtheybeenabletochooseforthemselves,wouldhaveselectedsomequitedifferentprofessions()theyhavemadefortunes.

问题1选项

A.fromthatinwhich

B.fromwhich

C.inwhich

D.fromwhat

【答案】A

【解析】fromthatinwhich相当于(differentprofession)fromtheprofessionsinwhichtheymakefortunesinsth“靠……致富”。只有A正确。

13.单选题

Ourshasbecomeasocietyofemployees.AhundredyearsorsoagoonlyoneoutofeveryfiveAmericansatworkwasemployed,i.e.workedforsomebodyelse.Todayonlyoneoutoffiveisnotemployedbutworkingforhimself.Andwhenfiftyyearsago"beingemployed"meantworkingasafactorylaborerorasafarmhand,theemployeeoftodayisincreasinglyamiddle-classpersonwithasubstantialformaleducation,holdingaprofessionalormanagementjobrequiringintellectualandtechnicalskills.Indeed,twothingshavecharacterizedAmericansocietyduringtheselastfiftyyears:middle-classandupper-classemployeeshavebeenthefastest-growinggroupsinourworkingpopulation,growingsofastthattheindustrialworker,thatoldestchildoftheIndustrialRevolution,hasbeenlosinginnumericalimportancedespitetheexpansionofindustrialproduction.

Yetyouwillfindlittleifanythingwrittenonwhatitistobeanemployee.Youcanfindagreatdealofverydubiousadviceonhowtogetajoborhowtogetapromotion.Youcanalsofindagooddealofworkinachosenfield,whetheritbethemechanist,tradeorbookkeeping.Everyoneofthesetradesrequiresdifferentskills,setsdifferentstandards,andrequiresadifferentpreparation.Yettheyallhaveemployee-shipincommon.Andincreasingly,especiallyinthelargebusinessoringovernment,employee-shipismoreimportanttosuccessthanthespecialprofessionalknowledgeorskill.Certainlymorepeoplefailbecausetheydonotknowtherequirementsofbeinganemployeeratherthanbecausetheydonotadequatelypossesstheskillsoftheirtrade;thehigheryouclimbtheladder,themoreyougetintoadministrativeorexecutivework,thegreatertheemphasisonabilitytoworkwithintheorganizationratherthanontechnicalabilitiesorprofessionalknowledge.

1.Itisimpliedthatfiftyyearsago(

).

2.Accordingtothepassage,withthedevelopmentofmodernindustry,

).

3.Accordingtothewriter,professionalknowledgeorskillis

).

4.Fromthepassageitcanbeseenthatemployee-shiphelpsone(

).

问题1选项

A.eightypercentofAmericanworkingpeoplewereemployedinfactories

B.twentypercentofintellectualswereemployees

C.thepercentageofintellectualsinthetotalworkforcewasalmostthesameasthatofindustrialworkers

D.thepercentageofintellectualsworkingasemployeeswasnotsolargeasthatofindustrialworkers

问题2选项

A.factorylaborerswillovertakeintellectualemployeesinnumber

B.thereareasmanymiddle-classemployeesasfactorylaborers

C.employershaveattachedgreatimportancetofactorylaborers

D.theproportionoffactorylaborersinthetotalemployeepopulationhasdecreased

问题3选项

A.lessimportantthanawarenessofbeingagoodemployee

B.asimportantastheabilitytodealwithpublicrelations

C.moreimportantthanemployer-employeerelations

D.asimportantastheabilitytoco-operatewithothersintheorganization

问题4选项

A.tobemoresuccessfulinhiscareer

B.tosolvetechnicalproblems

C.tobemorespecializedinhisfield

D.todevelophisprofessionalskill

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:A

【解析】第1题:推理判断题。由“whenfiftyyearsago“beingemployed”meantworkingasafactorylaborerorasafarmhand,theemployeeoftodayisincreasinglyamiddle-classpersonwithasubstantialformaleducation,holdingaprofessionalormanagementjobrequiringintellectualandtechnicalskills.50年前,“受雇”意味着当工厂工人或农场工人,而今天的雇员越来越多地是受过正规教育的中产阶级,从事需要智力和技术技能的专业或管理工作。”可知50年前受雇人群以工人为主,技术类人才较少。故D项正确。C项原文内容不符,AB项文中未提及。答案D

第2题:细节事实题。由第—段中“middle-classandupper-classemployeeshavebeenthefastest-growinggroupsinourworkingpopulation,growingsofastthattheindustrialworker…hasbeenlosinginnumericalimportancedespitetheexpansionofindustrialproduction.中产阶级和上层阶级雇员一直是我国劳

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