考研考博-英语-宁夏体育职业学院押题密卷附带答案详解篇2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-宁夏体育职业学院押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

BenjaminFranklin,tactlessinhisyouth,becamesodiplomatic,so______athandlingpeoplethathewasmadeAmericanAmbassadortoFrance.

问题1选项

A.adroit

B.shrewd

C.considerate

D.foxy

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项adroit“敏捷的，灵巧的；熟练的”；B选项shrewd“精明的；机灵的”；C选项considerate“体贴的；体谅的；考虑周到的”；D选项foxy“像狐狸的；狡猾的；（女性）狐媚的；赤褐色的；（葡萄酒）有麝香味的；（纸或其他材料）有斑点的，泛黄的”。句意：本杰明•富兰克林年轻时很笨拙，但后来变得善于交际，善于与人打交道，被任命为美国驻法国大使。因此A选项正确。

2.单选题

（

）,theywouldbehappy.

问题1选项

A.Iftheywillgetmarried

B.Havetheygotmarried

C.Weretheytogetmarried

D.Theygetmarried

【答案】C

【解析】考查虚拟语气的倒装。句意：（），他们将会开心。选D选项会导致两个句子中间没有连词连接造成语法错误。选A选项就是看作if引导的真实条件句，但是两边句子的时态不一致，所以也不选。虚拟条件句中含有were，had，would等动词时，可以将if省略，然后将were，had，would等词移至句首。根据后面主句的时态，这是对现在或者将来的假设，所以B选项不选，这是对过去的假设；所以答案选C。

3.单选题

Theprofessorcouldhardlyfindsufficientgrounds（

）hisargumentsinfavourofthenewtheory.

问题1选项

A.tobebasedon

B.tobaseon

C.whichtobaseon

D.onwhichtobase

【答案】D

【解析】考查定语从句。baseon“基于”，which指代先行词sufficientgrounds。baseon中的介词on前置，因此D选项符合题意。

4.单选题

MRBROWNTall,attractiveman,single,aged30.Outdoortype,sports-loving.Playsfootball,tennisandsquash.Enjoysswimmingandskiing.Beerdrinker.PEinstructoratboys’school.

MRGREENUnemployed,unmarried,undernourishedEnglishLit.graduate,aged23.Indoortype,plays‘DungeonsandDragons’andanyotherrole-playingadventuregames.Enjoysrockandjazzrecordsandsci-fifilmsandbooks.LivesinLondon.

MRBLACKMaturemanof50,recentlywidowedwithonesonof15.Ownbusinessandhome.Enjoysbridge,Frenchfoodandgoodclaret.Verysociable,likesentertainingandtravel.Citydweller

MRWHITEQuiet,shy,peace-lovingman,aged35.Divorced,non-smoker.Ecologist,livesandworksinthecountry.Enjoyschess,walkingandreading.Likeseighteenth-centuryclassicalmusicanddrywhitewine.Dislikesnoiseandenergeticsports.

1.Whichonewouldmostprobablyappealtoayoungwomanof25whodoesn’tlikelivingintownandwhoenjoysplayingsports?

2.Mr.Blackismostlikelytobeattractedto（）.

3.WhichofthesewomenstudentswouldprobablyfindMr.Greeninteresting?

4.Whichonewouldmostprobablyappealtoawomanof30whousedtobeavolleyballplayerandnowisarefereeofthegame?

5.Whatkindofpublicationmightthesepeopleadvertisein?

问题1选项

A.Mr.Brown.

B.Mr.Black.

C.Mr.Green.

D.Mr.White.

问题2选项

A.anattractivewidowwhoisveryshy

B.afun-loving,intelligentwoman

C.aprettywomanwhohatestravelling

D.abusinesswomanwhoisastrictvegetarian

问题3选项

A.Alawstudentwhoitverylogicalandpractical.

B.Adreamy,romanticmusicstudentwhodislikespopmusic.

C.Anenergetic,sociologystudent,interestedinpolitics.

D.Anamusing,carefreeartstudentwhoisfun-loving.

问题4选项

A.Mr.Brown.

B.Mr.Black.

C.Mr.Green.

D.Mr.White.

问题5选项

A.Aqualitydailynewspaper.

B.Abusinessmagazine.

C.Apopularweeklymagazine.

D.Atradejournal.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】第1题:细节事实题。根据文章对MRBROWN的介绍：三十岁，单身，又高又有魅力，性格外向，爱好运动。这些都符合25岁女性的选择，因此选项A符合题意。

第2题:判断推理题。文章对MRBLACK的介绍是这样的：50岁，丧妻，有一个15岁的儿子；有自己的公司和家，喜欢桥牌、法国食物和红酒；善于交际，喜欢娱乐和旅行；城市居民。可以推测出“聪明有趣的女人”会吸引他的注意。选项B符合题意。

第3题:判断推理题。文章对MRGREEN的介绍是这样的：没有工作，没有结婚，英国文学素养不高的23岁毕业生；性格内向，喜欢玩“龙与地下城”及其他冒险类游戏；喜欢摇滚和爵士唱片，科幻电影和书籍；居住在伦敦。由此可知和他具有相同爱好的女学生会对他比较感兴趣，因此选项D“有趣，无忧无虑，喜欢有趣的东西的艺术生”符合题意。

第4题:细节事实题。文章对MRBROWN的介绍中提到他是“男子学校的体育教练”（PEinstructoratboys’school），与题干中的“avolleyballplayer”以及“arefereeofthegame”很匹配，因此选项A符合题意。

第5题:推理判断题。文章是一篇征婚交友启事，因此刊登在“流星周刊”合适，选项C符合题意。

5.单选题

Mr.AndMrs.Evansarea______couple.Theyshareapassionforantiquesandsurfboarding.

问题1选项

A.amicable

B.congenial

C.captious

D.disputatious

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项amicable表示“友好的，友善的”，B项congenial表示“意气相投的，性格相似的”，C项captious表示“挑剔的，吹毛求疵的”，D项disputatious表示“爱争辩的”。根据后面的句子Theyshareapassionforantiquesandsurfboarding（他们都热爱古董和冲浪）可知，“意气相投的”符合语境。句意：埃文斯夫妇是志趣相投的一对；他们都热爱古董和冲浪。因此，该题选择B项正确。

6.单选题

Wecanbesure,however,thatcitieswillremainthegroundzeroofconvergence.Althoughforestclearanceandexportmonocultureshaveplayedfundamentalrolesinthetransitiontoanewgeologicalepoch,theprimemoverhasbeenthealmostexponentialincreaseinthecarbonfootprintsofurbanregionsinthenorthernhemisphere.Heatingandcoolingtheurbanbuiltenvironmentaloneisresponsibleforanestimated35to45percentofcurrentcarbonemissions,whileurbanindustriesandtransportationcontributeanother35to40percent.Inasense,citylifeisrapidlydestroyingtheecologicalnicheHoloceneclimatestabilitywhichmadeitsevolutionintocomplexitypossible.

Yetthereisastrikingparadoxhere.Whatmakesurbanareassoenvironmentallyunsustainablearepreciselythosefeatures,eveninthelargestmegacities,thataremostanti-urbanorsuburban.Firstamongtheseismassivehorizontalexpansion,whichcombinesthedegradationofvitalnaturalservicesaquifers,watersheds,truckfarms,forests,coastaleco-systemswiththehighcostsofprovidinginfrastructuretosprawl.Theresultisgrotesquelyoversizedenvironmentalfootprints,withaconcomitantgrowthoftrafficandairpollutionand,mostoften,thedownstreamdumpingofwaste.Whereurbanformsaredictatedbyspeculatorsanddevelopers,bypassingdemocraticcontrolsoverplanningandresources,thepredictablesocialoutcomesareextremespatialsegregationbyincomeorethnicity,aswellasunsafeenvironmentsforchildren,theelderlyandthosewithspecialneeds;inner-citydevelopmentisconceivedasgentrificationthrougheviction,destroyingworking-classurbancultureintheprocess.Tothesewemayaddthesocio-politicalfeaturesofthemegapolisunderconditionsofcapitalistglobalization:thegrowthofperipheralslumsandinformalemployment,theprivatizationofpublicspace,low-intensitywarfarebetweenpoliceandsubsistencecriminals,andbunkeringofthewealthyinsterilizedhistoricalcentersorwalledsuburbs.

Bycontrast,thosequalitiesthataremost‘classically’urban,evenonthescaleofsmallcitiesandtowns,combinetogenerateamorevirtuouscircle.Wheretherearewell-definedboundariesbetweencityandcountryside,urbangrowthcanpreserveopenspaceandvitalnaturalsystems,whilecreatingenvironmentaleconomiesofscaleintransportationandresidentialconstruction.Accesstocitycentersfromtheperipherybecomesaffordableandtrafficcanberegulatedmoreeffectively.Wasteismoreeasilyrecycled,notexporteddownstream.Inclassicurbanvisions,publicluxuryreplacesprivatizedconsumptionthroughthesocializationofdesireandidentitywithincollectiveurbanspace.Largedomainofpublicornon-profithousingreproduceethnicandincomeheterogeneityatfractalscalesthroughoutthecity.Egalitarianpublicservicesandcityscapesaredesignedwithchildren,theelderlyandthosewithspecialneedsinmind.Democraticcontrolsofferpowerfulcapacitiesforprogressivetaxationandplanning,withhighlevelsofpoliticalmobilizationandcivicparticipation,thepriorityofcivicmemoryoverproprietaryiconsandthespatialintegrationofwork,recreationandhomelife.

1.Astheauthordiscussestheissuesinthispassage,hesounds（）.

2.Whyinmanybigcitiesthereareextremespatialsegregationbyincomeorethnicity,aswellasunsafeenvironmentsforchildren,theelderlyandthosewithspecialneeds?

3.Whatdoestheword“these”inthesecondparagraphreferto?

4.Whichofthefollowingwordsisnotsynonymoustotheword“virtuous”inthelastparagraph?

5.Whichofthefollowingwillnotbetheoutcomeundertheconditionthattherearewell-definedboundariesbetweencityandcountryside?

问题1选项

A.critical

B.neutral

C.optimistic

D.pessimistic

问题2选项

A.Becausetheegalitarianaspectsofcitylifeconsistentlyprovidethebestsociologicalandphysicalsupportsforresourceconservationandcarbonmitigation.

B.Becausemassivehorizontalexpansioncombinesthedegradationofvitalnaturalserviceswiththehighcostsofprovidinginfrastructuretosprawl.

C.Becauseurbanformsaredictatedbyspeculatorsanddevelopers,bypassingdemocraticcontrolsoverplanningandresources.

D.Becausetherearegrotesquelyoversizedenvironmentalfootprints,withaconcomitantgrowthoftrafficandairpollutionand,mostoften,thedownstreamdumpingofwaste.

问题3选项

A.urbanareas.

B.Thosefeatures.

C.Thelargestmegacities

D.Vitalnaturalservices

问题4选项

A.wholesome

B.righteous

C.efficacious

D.pernicious

问题5选项

A.Wasteismoreeasilyrecycled,notexporteddownstream.

B.Urbangrowthcancreateenvironmentaleconomiesofscaleintransportationandresidentialconstruction.

C.Accesstocitycentersfromtheperipherybecomesunaffordableandtrafficcanberegulatedmoreineffectively.

D.Urbangrowthcanpreserveopenspaceandvitalnaturalsystems.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.作者态度题。整篇文章作者都是客观地阐述了大城市的城市化对生态环境的破坏，但是小城市、小镇的城市化和生态环境结合起来就会产生良性循环。其中没有作者过多个人观点的表达。所以对文中的问题作者持中立的态度。选项B符合题意。

2.细节理解题。根据文章第二段，“Whereurbanformsaredictatedbyspeculatorsanddevelopers,bypassingdemocraticcontrolsoverplanningandresources”，可知城市形态是由投机者和开发商决定的，绕过了对规划和资源的民主监督，这造成了空间隔离和环境问题。选项C符合题意。

3.细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句，“Whatmakesurbanareassoenvironmentallyunsustainablearepreciselythosefeatures,eveninthelargestmegacities,thataremostanti-urbanorsuburban.”，可知使城市地区在环境上的问题正是因为这些特点，即使在最大的大城市也是反城市的。可判断出these指代的就是上文提到的features，选项B符合题意。

4.词义理解题。wholesome“健全的”；righteous“正义的”；efficacious“有效的”；pernicious“有毒的，恶性的”。句意：相比之下，那些最典型的城市特征，与一些小城市或城镇结合起来也会形成一个更良性的循环。所以virtuous意思为良性的，只有pernicious不是它的同义词。选项D符合题意。

5.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段，“Accesstocitycentersfromtheperipherybecomesaffordableandtrafficcanberegulatedmoreeffectively.”，可知从郊区进入市中心的交通费用降低了，交通也可以得到更有效的管理。所以C选项中的unaffordable与文意相反。选项C符合题意。

7.单选题

UnlikephotographersonEarth,astronautsinthespacehavetheopportunitytotakephotographsfrom（

）perspectives.

问题1选项

A.undermined

B.undulated

C.unilateral

D.unprecedented

【答案】D

【解析】形容词词义辨析。Undermined“潜行的”；undulated“波状的”；unilateral“单方面的”；unprecedented“空前的，无前例的”。句意：与地球上的摄影师不同，太空中的宇航员有机会从前所未有的角度拍摄照片。选项D符合题意。

8.单选题

Doctorsareoftencaughtina（

）becausetheyhavetodecidewhethertheyshouldtelltheirpatientsthetruthornot.

问题1选项

A.puzzle

B.perplexity

C.dilemma

D.bewilderment

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。puzzle“迷，难题”；perplexity“困惑，混乱”；dilemma“进退两难的境地”；bewilderment“困惑，迷乱”。句意：医生常常陷入进退两难的境地，因为他们不知道是否应该告诉病人真相。由后半句句意可推测医生处于进退两难的境地，故C项正确。

9.问答题

DemographicindicatorsshowthatAmericansinthepostwarperiodweremoreeagerthanevertoestablish

families.Theyquicklybroughtdowntheageatmarriageforbothmenandwomen

A

andbroughtthebirthratetoatwentiethcenturyheightaftermorethanahundredyearsofsteady

B

C

decline,producingthe"babyboom."

D

【答案】试题答案：B;high

【解析】考查形容词。此处表示他们把男女的婚龄降了下来，使出生率达到了20世纪的高峰。height是名词，一般表示“高度”；high是形容词，一般表示“很高的”，修饰名词。

10.单选题

Wouldsuchadealfly?OnesourceclosetoHouseRepublicanstellsme:“Ithinkthey’dtakeit;they’reholdingnocardsatthemoment…Thecappingofdeductionswouldbeverymagnanimousandagoodwaytolaythegroundworkfornegotiatingrealtaxreform.”

问题1选项

A.magnificent

B.benevolent

C.prodigious

D.favoring

【答案】B

【解析】考查同义形容词辨析。A选项magnificent“高尚的，壮丽的，华丽的，宏伟的”；B选项benevolent“仁慈的，慈善的，亲切的”；C选项prodigious“惊人的，异常的，奇妙的，巨大的”；D选项favoring“有帮助的”。句意：这样的交易会成功吗？一位亲近众议院共和党人的消息人士告诉我：“我认为他们会接受”，他说：“他们现在手头没有任何筹码……对税收减免设定上限将是非常宽宏大量的，这是为谈判真正的税收改革奠定基础的好办法。”Magnanimous“宽宏大量的，有雅量的，宽大的”，B选项与该词意思最相近，因此B选项正确。

11.单选题

ChristmasisaChristianholydayusuallycelebratedonDecember25th_______thebirthofJesusChrist.

问题1选项

A.inaccordancewith

B.intermsof

C.infavorof

D.inhonorof

【答案】D

【解析】inaccordancewith根据;intermsof就...而言,关于;infavorof支持,赞同;inhonorof为庆祝,向...致敬。句意：圣诞节是基督教的一个神圣的日子,通常在12月25日庆祝耶稣基督的诞生。选项D符合句意。

12.单选题

Questions12to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

问题1选项

A.Acoolofficewillboostemployees’productivity.

B.Anaturallyventilatedofficeismorecomfortable.

C.Air-conditioningimprovesventilationintheoffice.

D.Officeair-conditioningshouldfollowguidebooks.

问题2选项

A.Peopleintheircomfortzoneoftemperaturearemoresatisfiedwiththeirproductivity.

B.Twenty-twodegreesistheoptimaltemperatureforofficeworkers.

C.Thereisarangeoftemperaturesforpeopletofeelcomfortable.

D.Peopleindifferentcountriesvaryintheirtolerancetouncomfortabletemperatures.

问题3选项

A.Itwillsharplydecreaseworkefficiency.

B.Itwillbeimmediatelynoticeable.

C.Itwillhavenonegativeimpactonwork.

D.Itwillcausealotofdiscomfort.

问题4选项

A.Theyarenotbotheredbytemperatureextremes.

B.Theysufferfromrapidtemperaturechanges.

C.Theybecomelesssensitivetohightemperatures.

D.Theytendtofavorlowertemperatures.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:D

【解析】PassageTwo

Settingtheofficeair-conditioningatabout22degreesCelsiushasbecomestandardpracticeacrosstheworld.[12]Numerousguidebooksacrosstheworldonheating,ventilationandair-conditioningclaimofficeperformancepeaksat22degrees.Manypeopleindeedfindrelieffromsoaringsummertemperaturesinair-conditionedoffices,butrecentstudieshavechallengedtheacceptedwisdomthatacoolofficeismoreproductive.Therealityismorecomplex.Researchersconductedareviewofallstudiesrelatingtoair-conditioningandproductivity.Theyfoundthat22degreeswasprobablyalittlechilly,evenattheheightofsummer.[13]Forapersondressedintypicalsummerclothing,anoptimalrangewouldbebetween23and26degrees.Andpeoplecaneventoleratetemperaturesbeyondthis“comfortzone”aslongastheycanadjusttheirclothingandexpectations.Infact,evenonveryhotdays,itmakessensetoturntheair-conditioningup.Peopleoftenchasejustone“optimum”temperature,andthisisunderstandablewhenpeoplefeelhot.[14]Butthereisarangeofatleastthreetofourdegreeswhichdoesnothaveanyadverseimpact.Anotherissuerelatedtothisisthatpeoplecanbecomepsychologicallydependentonair-conditioning.[15]Iftheyareusedtotheenvironmentwhichisair-conditioned,theytendtopreferlowertemperatures.Butthestudiesfoundthatalmostallhumansbecameaccustomedtothenewtemperature.Itwasonlyatthe“extreme”endsofthetemperaturerangewherepeople’sproductivitysuffered.Thisrangewasabove26degreesandbelow19degrees.

12.Whatistheacceptedwisdomconcerningtheofficeenvironment?

【试题答案】A

【试题解析】题目问关于办公室环境，人们普遍接受的观念是什么？录音开头讲到办公室的空调温度调到22度左右已成为全球性的标准做法，并且许多关于供暖、通风和空调的指南都声称办公室温度峰值达到22度时，人们的工作效率最高。由此可知，人们普遍认为“凉爽的办公环境能提高员工的工作效率”，因此A选项正确。B选项“自然通风的办公室更舒适”和C选项“空调改善办公室的通风”在录音中没有信息提及，因此排除；D选项“人们认为办公室的空调温度设定应遵循指南”，录音只是提及很多指南声称温度调至22度时，员工工作效率最高，并没有说一定要遵循指南，因此D选项不正确。

13.Whatdidresearchersfindfromtheirreviewofallstudiesrelatingtoair-conditioningandproductivity?

【试题答案】C

【试题解析】题目问研究人员在回顾了所有与空调和生产力有关的研究之后发现了什么？研究人员发现22度的温度即便是在盛夏也很可能让人感觉有点冷，对穿着正常夏装的人来说，最适宜的温度范围是23度到26度。C选项“人们感到舒适的温度有一个范围”是对这些信息的概括，因此正确。A选项“处于温度舒适区的人们对自己的工作效率更满意”，录音中并没有提及人们对工作效率是否满意，因此排除；B选项“对办公室工作人员来说，22度是最适宜的温度”是很多关于供暖、通风和空调的指南的观点，不是研究人员新发现的结果，因此排除；D选项“不同国家的人对不舒服的温度的耐受力不同”在录音中没有信息提及。

14.Whatdowelearnaboutusingalittlelessair-conditioningduringhotweather?

【试题答案】C

【试题解析】题目问关于在大热天少用点空调，我们了解到什么？录音在提到夏天最适宜的室温是23度至26度后，接着说即使超出这个温度舒适区，人们也受得了。后面还提到，人们通常只追求一个“最适宜的”温度，但在三到四度的温度浮动范围内，不会产生任何负面影响。因此，C选项“对工作没有负面影响”符合录音表述。A选项“这会大大降低工作效率”和D选项“这会引起很多不适”恰好与录音内容相反；B选项“这会立即被注意到”在录音中并没有信息提及，因此可排除。

15.Whathappenswhenpeopleareusedtoanair-conditionedenvironment?

【试题答案】D

【试题解析】题目问当人们习惯了空调环境时会发生什么？录音结尾处提到，人们会在心理上对空调产生依赖，如果他们习惯了有空调的环境，他们往往会喜欢更低的温度（theytendtopreferlowertemperatures）。D选项是对原文信息的复现，因此正确。A选项“他们不受极端温度的影响”与录音表述恰好相反；B选项“他们会因温度的快速变化而受到不好的影响”和C选项“他们对高温变得不那么敏感”在录音中没有信息提及，因此排除。

13.单选题

Thesportsmeet,originallyduetobeheldlastFriday,wasfinally（）becauseofthebadweather.

问题1选项

A.setoff

B.brokeoff

C.wornoff

D.calledoff

【答案】D

【解析】考查词组。A:setoff“出发；（使）开始”；B:brokeoff“突然停止”；C:wornoff“磨损”；D:calledoff“取消”。句意：原定于上星期五举行的运动会，由于天气不好，最终取消。结合语境，可知D为正确答案。

14.单选题

Thereareseveral______betweentheoriginalestimatesofthecostandtheactualbills.

问题1选项

A.exaggerations

B.discrepancies

C.breakthroughs

D.compliances

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项exaggeration“夸张；夸大之词；夸张的手法”；B选项discrepancy“不符；矛盾；相差”；C选项breakthrough“突破；突破性进展”；D选项compliance“顺从，服从；符合；屈从；可塑性”。句意：费用的原始估计和实际账单之间有几处不一致。因此B选项正确。

15.单选题

AlthoughtheBillinitspresentformisasignificantimprovementonitsfirstform,itremains（）flawed.

问题1选项

A.seriously

B.soundlessly

C.solemnly

D.strictly

【答案】A

【解析】考查副词词义辨析。seriously“认真地；严重地”；soundlessly“无声地，静悄悄地”；solemnly“庄严地，严肃地”；strictly“严格地，完全地”。句意：尽管这项法案目前的版本比第一版有很大提高，但是仍然有着______不足。能够修饰”不足”这个词的只有seriously这个词，因此选项A符合题意。

16.单选题

Scientistshavedevelopedaslimmingdrugthatsuccessfullysuppressesappetiteandresultsinadramaticlossofweightwithoutanyapparentilleffects.

问题1选项

A.科学家们己经研制出了一种减肥药,它能有效地抑制食欲,导致体重显著下降而无任何明显的不良反应。

B.科学家们己经开发出了一种减肥药,它能成功地控制食欲,使体重显著下降,同时有明显的不良反应。

C.科学家们己经研制出了一种减食疗法的药,它能有效地抑制食欲,导致体重显著下降而无任何明显的不良反应。

【答案】A

【解析】首先，“slimmingdrug”应翻译为减肥药，没有提及减食疗法，所以首先排除选项C；根据“withoutanyapparentilleffects.”可知，应该是没有明显的不良反应，所以选项B错误。选项A翻译最为准确。

17.单选题

Itwasabrief,shiningmomentinEgypt’shistory—atimeofepochalchangepresidedoverbyaPharaohnamedAkhenatenandhisbeautifulwifeNefertiti.Duringhis17-yearreigntheoldgodswerecastaside,monotheismwasintroduced,andtheartsliberatedfromtheirstiflingrigidity.EvenEgypt’scapitalwasmovedtoanewcityalongtheNilecalledAkhetaten(modernAmarna).ButlikeCamelot,itwasshort-lived,anditslegacywasburiedinthedesertsands.

NowAkhenaten’s3,400-year-oldworldhasbeenbrilliantlyrecalledinanexhibittitled“PharaohsoftheSun:Akhenaten,Nefertiti,Tutankhamen,”whichopensthisweekatBoston’sMuseumofFineArts.Partofthecity’seight-monthtributetoancientEgypt(operas,balletandanIMAXfilm),itisauniqueassemblageofmorethan250objectsfromEgypt’s18thdynasty,someofwhichhavelanguishedunseeninstoreroomsandprivatecollectionsfordecades.Theyrangefromlarger-than-lifestatuesofAkhenatentoexquisitelysculptedreliefsanddazzlingjewelrytosuchpoignantremindersofeverydaylifeasaperfectlypreservedchild’ssandal.

TheexhibitilluminatesamurkyperiodinEgyptianhistorythatcuratorRitaFreeddescribesashaving“alltheelementsofasoapopera.”WhenAmenhotepIV,ashewasoriginallycalled,ascendedthethronein1353B.C.,Egyptwasaflourishingempire,atpeacewithitsneighbors.Yetthereweretroublingsigns.HisfatherAmenhotepIIIhadalreadychallengedthepowerfulpriesthoodbyproclaimingthesungodAtenasforemostamongEgyptiandeitiesandhimselfashislivingincarnation.

Hissonshookthingsupevenmore,notonlychanginghisnametohonorthenewgod(Akhenatenmeans“onewhoservesAten”)butalsobanishingtheoldergods,especiallythepriestlyfavoriteAmen.SomescholarsbelieveAkhenaten’smonotheism,ahistoricfirst,inspiredtheHebrewprophets,butithadthemoreimmediateeffectoffreeingEgypt’sartists.TheycouldnowportraythePharaohandthevoluptuousNefertiti(whomayhavesharedthethronewithhim)inafarmorecasual,realisticway.Akhenaten’scone-shapedhead,elongatedface,fingersandtoes,potbellyandflaringhipshaveledsomescholarstosuggestthathehadhydrocephalusorMarfan’ssyndrome.

Hewascertainlyarevolutionary,propelledeitherbymadnessorbygreatvision.Still,hischangesdidnotendure.Afterhisdeath,hisson-in-law(andperhapsson)TutankhamenmovedthepoliticalandreligiouscapitalsbacktoMemphisandThebesrespectivelyandreinstatedtheoldgods.Egyptianartreturnedtoitsclassic,ritualizedstyle.AndlikeCamelot,Akhenaten’soncebustlingcapitalbecameonlyamythicmemory.“PharaohsoftheSun”willremaininBostonuntilFebruary,thentraveltoLosAngeles,ChicagoandLeiden,theNetherlands.

26.WhichofthefollowingeventdidnothappenduringAkhenaten’sreignoverEgypt?

27.WecanlearnfromthetextthatinBoston,manyactivitiesareheldastributetoancientEgyptexcept______.

28.TheviewsofAkhenatenandhisfatheronthesungodAtenare______.

29.Tutankhamen,accordingtothetext,probably______.

30.WhatcanwelearnabouttheexhibitonancientEgypt’s18thdynasty?

问题1选项

A.Hebanishedtheoldergods.

B.Peoplehadtoworshiponegod—thesungodAten.

C.Egyptianartistssufferedfromamorecasual,realisticwayofportraying.

D.HebuiltanewcapitalalongtheNile.

问题2选项

A.pageant

B.ballet

C.operas

D.movie

问题3选项

A.opposite

B.controversial

C.complementary

D.similar

问题4选项

A.movedthepoliticalcapitalbacktoThebes

B.gavetheoldergodsbacktheirpreviousposition

C.mighthadgotsomediseasethatmadehisfacelongerthanthehealthypeople

D.movedthereligiouscapitalbacktoMemphis

问题5选项

A.Itmainlyconsistsofstatuesofthepharaohsofthattime.

B.ItwilllastforeightmonthsinBoston.

C.Itisveryenlighteningforpeopletoknowthatperiod.

D.Theobjectsontheexhibitusedtobestoredinprivatecollection.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】26.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】客观细节题。由A选项关键词“oldergods”可以定位到文章第四段第一句butalsobanishingtheoldergods（而且还摒弃了旧神），说明阿肯纳坦在统治期间驱逐了旧神，所以A选项“他摒弃了旧神”表述正确，排除A。由B选项关键词“Aten”可以定位到文章第四段第一句notonlychanginghisnametohonorthenewgod(Akhenatenmeans“onewhoservesAten”)（他不仅把自己的名字改为阿肯纳坦，意为阿坦的仆人），第一段中也提到monotheismwasintroduced（一神论被引入），说明在阿肯纳坦统治期间人们信奉唯一的太阳神，所以B选项“人们不得不崇拜唯一神——太阳神阿坦”表述正确，排除B。由D选项关键词“capital”可以定位到文章第一段第三句EvenEgypt’scapitalwasmovedtoanewcityalongtheNilecalledAkhetaten.（甚至埃及的首都也迁到尼罗河边的新城市阿希提顿。），说明阿肯纳坦统治期间在尼罗河边建立了新首都，所以D选项“他在尼罗河边建立了一个新的首都”表述正确，排除D。由C选项关键词“portraying”可以定位到文章第四段第三句TheycouldnowportraythePharaohandthevoluptuousNefertitiinafarmorecasual,realisticway.（现在他们可以更为真实随意的描画法老和妖艳性感的奈菲提提。），第一段中也提到theartsliberatedfromtheirstiflingrigidity.（艺术也从令人窒息的一成不变中解脱出来。），说明在阿肯纳坦统治期间艺术家可以更真实随意的画像，而不是束缚他们。因此C选项“埃及的艺术家们苦于没有更随意真实的描绘方式”不符合原文，本题选C。

27.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】客观细节题。由题干关键词“tributetoancientEgypt”可以定位到文章第二段第二句Partofthecity’seight-monthtributetoancientEgypt(operas,balletandanIMAXfilm)（这次展览只是波士顿为期8个月的致敬古埃及活动中的一部分，其它形式还有歌剧、芭蕾、一部IMAX电影），说明向古埃及致敬的活动有展览、歌剧、芭蕾、电影，所以B选项“芭蕾”，C选项“歌剧”，D选项“电影”符合原文，排除B，C，D。A选项“盛会”在文中没有提及，不属于向古埃及致敬的活动，所以本题选A。

28.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第三段最后一句HisfatherAmenhotepIIIhadalreadychallengedthepowerfulpriesthoodbyproclaimingthesungodAtenasforemostamongEgyptiandeitiesandhimselfashislivingincarnation.（他的父亲阿蒙赫特普三世已经质疑势力强大的教会，宣称太阳神阿坦是埃及诸神中最具威力的神灵，他本人则是太阳神的转世化身。），和第四段第一句Hissonshookthingsupevenmore,notonlychanginghisnametohonorthenewgod(Akhenatenmeans“