考研考博-英语-安徽工业经济职业技术学院押题密卷附带答案详解篇2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-安徽工业经济职业技术学院押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

Ihopeyou（）allthematerialbeforeyoumakethefinaldecision.

问题1选项

A.willhaveread

B.willberead

C.willbereading

D.wouldhaveread

【答案】A

【解析】考查将来完成时态。由题意可知，本题考查的是将来完成时态，而选项B为将来一般时态，选项C为将来进行时态，选项D为过去将来完成时态，所以本题的正确选项为选项A。句意：我希望你做最后决定之前就已经阅读过所有资料。

2.单选题

Shewasdeliriouslastnight,butsheseemsquitelucidthismorning.

问题1选项

A.rational

B.peaceful

C.patient

D.insane

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她昨天晚上神志不清，但是今天早上看起来十分……。rational“理智的；清醒的”；peaceful“安静的，平静的”；patient“有耐心的”；insane“精神失常的”。根据“but”这个转折连词可知后半句与前半句的意思是相反的，所以划线单词lucid的意思是“清醒的”，选项A符合题意。

3.单选题

Hewillbeconsideredtohavenothinglessthanfullacquaintancewiththenatureofthethingandtoshareintheknowledgeofit.

问题1选项

A.limitationt

B.remarkt

C.ownershipt

D.understanding

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。acquaintance表示“了解，相识”；A项limitation“限制”，B项remark“注意，言辞”，C项ownership“所有权，物主身份”，D项understanding“理解”。句意：他将被认为完全了解事物的性质，并分享对它的知识。根据句意可知，该题选择D项正确。

4.单选题

Imaginewakingupandfindingthevalueofyourassetshasbeenhalved.No,you’renotaninvestorinoneofthosehedgefundsthatfailedcompletely.Withthedollarslumpingtoa26-yearlowagainstthepound,alreadyexpensiveLondonhasbecomequiteunaffordable.AcoffeeatStarbucks,justasunavoidableinEnglandasitisintheUnitedStates,runsabout$8.

Theonceall-powerfuldollarisn’tdoingaTitanicagainstjustthepound.Itissittingatarecordlowagainsttheeuroandata30-yearlowagainsttheCanadiandollar.EventheArgentinepesoandBrazilianrealarethrivingagainstthedollar.

Theweakdollarisasourceofhumiliation,foranation’sself-esteemrestsinpartonthestrengthofitscurrency.It’salsoapotentialeconomicproblem,sinceadecliningdollarmakesimportedfoodmoreexpensiveandexertsupwardpressureoninterestrates.AndyettherearesubstantialsectorsofthevastU.S.economy—fromgiantcompanieslikeCoca-Colatomom-and-poprestaurantoperatorsinMiami—forwhichtheweakdollarismostexcellentnews.

ManyEuropeansmayviewtheU.S.asanarrogantsuperpowerthathasbecomehostiletoforeigners.ButnothingmakespeoplethinkmorewarmlyoftheU.S.thanaweakdollar.ThroughApril,thetotalnumberofvisitorsfromabroadwasup6.8percentfromlastyear.Shouldthetrendcontinue,thenumberoftouriststhisyearwillfinallytopthe2000peak.ManyEuropeansnowapparentlyviewtheU.S.thewaymanyAmericansviewMexico—asacheapplacetovacation,shopandparty,allwhileignoringthefactthatthepoorerlocalscattyaffordtojointhemerrymaking.

Themoneytouristsspendhelpsdecreaseourchronictradedeficit*Sodoexports,which,thanksinparttotheweakdollar,soared11percentbetweenMay2006andMay2007.Forthe

firstfivemonthsof2007，thetradedeficitactuallyfell7percentfrom2006.

IfyouownsharesinlargeAmericancorporations,you’reawinnerintheweak-dollargamble.LastweekCoca-Cola’sstockbubbledtoafive-yearhighafteritreportedafantasticquarter.Foreignsalesaccountedfor65percentofCoke’sbeveragebusiness.OtherAmericancompaniesprofitingfromthistrendincludeMcDonald’sandIBM.

Americantourists,however,shouldn'texpectanyreliefsoon.Thedollarloststrengththewaymanymarriagesbreakup—slowly,andthenallatonce.Andcurrenciesdon’tturnonadime.Soifyouwanttoavoidthepaininflictedbytheincreasinglypatheticdollar,cancelthatsummervacationtoEnglandandlooktoNewEngland.There,thedollarisstilltreatedwithalittlerespect.

1.WhydoAmericansfeelhumiliated?

2.HowdoesthecurrentdollaraffectthelifeofordinaryAmericans?

3.HowdomanyEuropeansfeelabouttheU.S.withthedevalueddollar?

4.Whatistheauthor’sadvicetoAmericans?

5.Whatdoestheauthorimplybysaying"currenciesdon’tturnonadime”(Line2,Pare.7)?

问题1选项

A.Theireconomyisplunging.

B.Theircurrencyhasslumped.

C.Theycan’taffordtripstoEurope.

D.Theyhavelosthalfoftheirassets.

问题2选项

A.TheyhavetocanceltheirvacationsinNewEngland.

B.Theyfinditunaffordabletodineinmom-and-poprestaurants.

C.Theyhavetospendmoremoneywhenbuyingimportedgoods.

D.Theymightlosetheirjobsduetopotentialeconomicproblems.

问题3选项

A.Theyfeelcontemptuousofit.

B.Theyaresympatheticwithit.

C.Theyregarditasasuperpoweronthedecline.

D.Theythinkofitasagoodtouristdestination.

问题4选项

A.Theytreatthedollarwithalittlerespect.

B.Theytrytowinintheweak-dollargamble.

C.Theyvacationathomeratherthanabroad.

D.Theytreasuretheirmarriagesallthemore.

问题5选项

A.Thedollar’svaluewillnotincreaseintheshortterm.

B.Thevalueofadollarwillnotbereducedtoadime.

C.Thedollar’svaluewilldrop,butwithinasmallmargin.

D.FewAmericanswillchangedollarsintoothercurrencies.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。由题干关键词humiliated定位至第三段:Theweakdollarisasourceofhumiliation,foranation'sself-esteemrestsinpartonthestrengthofitscurrency(美元贬值是一种耻辱之源，因为一个国家的自尊在一定程度上取决于其货币的实力)。故选B(货币贬值)。

2.细节事实题。第三段指出:It'salsoapotentialeconomicproblem,sinceadecliningdollarmakesimportedfoodmoreexpensiveandexertsupwardpressureoninterestrates(由于美元日益贬值，使得进口商品的价格上涨，对利率的压力也不断增大),故选C(当购买进口商品时，需要支付更多费用)。

3.细节事实题。根据题干定位至第四段:ManyEuropeansnowapparentlyviewtheU.S.thewaymanyAmericansviewMexico—asacheapplacetovacation,shopandparty(现在，许多欧洲人眼中的美国显然就像美国人心中的墨西哥一样个价格低的旅游、购物和聚会的好去处)。故选D(他们认为美国是一个好的旅游目的地)。

4.判断推理题。文章最后一段指出:Soifyouwanttoavoidthepaininflictedbytheincreasinglypatheticdollar,cancelthatsummervacationtoEnglandandlooktoNewEngland.There,thedollarisstilltreatedwithalittlerespect(所以，如果你打算避免因为美元持续贬值而带来的伤痛，那么取消今年暑假的英国之旅，转而前往新英格兰州吧。在那里，美元还能保留一丝尊严)。新英格兰州属于美国,故选C(他们在国内度假，而非国外)。

5.语义题。根据题干关键词"currenciesdon’tturnonadime”定位至最后一段,其前一句为:Thedollarloststrengththewaymanymarriagesbreakup—slowly,andthenallatonce(美元疲软就像许多婚姻走向破裂的过程一样先是慢慢的，然后突然爆发)。"turnonadime"本意为“短时间内发生急剧转变”,故选A(美元短时间内不会升值)。

5.单选题

Veryfewscientists（

）completelynewanswerstotheworld’sproblems.

问题1选项

A.comeupwith

B.comeout

C.comeround

D.comeupto

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词组辨析。comeupwith“提出，想出”；comeout“出版”；comeround“苏醒；顺道拜访”；comeupto“到达，等于”。句意：很少有科学家对世界性的问题提出新的回答。选项A符合题意。

6.单选题

Manyadultsmaythinktheyaregettingenoughshut-eye,butinamajorsleepstudyalmost80percentofrespondentsadmittedtonotgettingtheirprescribedamountofnightlyrest.So,whatexactlyistherightamountofsleep?Researchshowsthatadultsneedanaverageofseventoninehoursofsleepanightforoptimalfunctionality.Readontoseejusthowmuchofanimpactmoderatesleepdeprivationcanhaveonyourmindandbody.

Bygettinglessthansixhoursofsleepanight,youcouldbeputtingyourselfatriskofhighbloodpressure.Whenyousleep,yourheartgetsabreakandisabletoslowdownforasignificantperiodoftime.Butcuttingbackonsleepmeansyourhearthastoworkovertimewithoutitsallottedbreak.Inconstantlydoingso,yourbodymustaccommodatetoitsnewconditionsandelevateyouroveralldailybloodpressure.Andtheheartisn’ttheonlyorganthatisovertaxedbyalackofsleeps.Thelesssleepyouget,thelesstimethebrainhastoregulatestresshormones,andovertime,sleepdeprivationcouldpermanentlyhinderthebrain’sabilitytoregulatethesehormones,leadingtoelevatedbloodpressure.

Weallhangaroundinbedduringourboutsofillness.Butdidyouknowthatskippingoutonthebedrestcanincreaseyourriskofgettingsick?Prolongedsleepdeprivationhaslongbeenassociatedwithdiminishedimmunefunctions,butresearchershavealsofoundadirectcorrelationbetween“modest”sleepdeprivation—lessthansixhours—andreducedimmuneresponse.Sotrytotoughenupyourimmunesystembygettingatleastsevenhoursofsleepanight,andmaintainingahealthydiet.You’llbegladyougotthatextrahourofsleepthenexttimethatbugcomesaroundandleaveseveryoneelsebedriddenwithafeverforthreedays.

DuringdeepREMsleep,yourmuscles(exceptthoseintheeyes)areessentiallyimmobilizedinordertokeepyoufromactingoutonyourdreams.Unfortunately,thiseffortyourbodymakestokeepyousafewhiledreamingcansometimesbackfire,resultinginsleepparalysis.SleepparalysisoccurswhenthebrainisarousedfromitsREMcycle,butthebodyremainsinitsimmobilizingstate.Thiscanbequiteafrighteningsensationbecause,whileyourmindisslowlyregainingconsciousness,ithasnocontroloveryourbody,leavingsomewithafeelingofpowerlessness,fearandpanic.Mostpeopleexperiencethiseeriephenomenaatleastonceintheirlives,butthosewhoaresleepdeprivedaremorelikelytohavepanickedepisodesofsleepparalysisthatareusuallyaccompaniedbyhallucinations,aswell.Forasecond,imagineallofyourmemoriesareerased;everybirthday,summervacation,evenwhatyoudidyesterdayafternooniscompletelylost,becauseyouhavenorecollectionofthem.It’sachillingthought,butthatiswhatalifewithoutsleepwouldbelike.Sleepisessentialtothecognitivefunctionsofthebrain,andwithoutit,ourabilitytoconsolidatememories,learndailytasks,andmakedecisionsisimpairedbyalargedegree.ResearchhasrevealedthatREMsleep,ordream-sleep,helpssolidifythe“fragile”memoriesthebraincreatesthroughoutthedaytothattheycanbeeasilyorganizedandstoredinthemind’slong-termcache.

1.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemeaningof“sleepdeprivation”？

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtoParagraph3?

3.Whyistheretheso-called“sleepparalysis”？

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothelastparagraph?

5.Whateffectsofsleepdeprivationonhumanmindandbodyarediscussedinthispassage?

问题1选项

A.Tosleepforanaverageperiodoftime.

B.Tosleepdeeplywithoutdreaming.

C.Tosleeplessthanneeded.

D.Tosleepmodestly.

问题2选项

A.Wheneveryoneelsegetsafever,thosewithsleepdeprivationwillbeabeletosleeplonger.

B.Wheneveryoneelsegetsafever,thosewhousuallyhaveadequatesleepwillbealright.

C.Onlymodestsleepdeprivationcouldweakentheimmunesystem,

D.Prolongedsleepdeprivationwillnothaveimpactontheimmunesystem.

问题3选项

A.Itoccurswhenyouareunabletowakeupfromdreamswhileyouaresleeping.

B.Itoccurswhenyoubrainimmobilizesyourbodyinordertokeepyoufromdreaming.

C.BecauseyouareusuallytoofrightenedtomoveyourbodywhenwakingupfromdeepREMsleep.

D.Becauseyourbody,immobilizedwhendreaming,maystillbeunabletomoveevenwhenyourbrainiswakingup.

问题4选项

A.Memoriesarepartofthecognitivefunctionofthebrain.

B.Memoriescreatedduringthedaytimeareusuallyfragileandimpaired.

C.Youarelikelytoloseyourmemoriesofyesterdayafteranight’ssleep.

D.Long-termmemorycannotbeformedwithoutdream-sleep.

问题5选项

A.Highbloodpressure,atoughenedimmunesystem,sleepparalysis,andmemoryloss.

B.Bloodpressure,immunesystem,sleepparalysis,andlong-termmemory.

C.Bloodpressure,immunesystem,thebrainandthebody,andmemory.

D.Highbloodpressure,aweakenedimmunesystem,sleepparalysis,andmemoryloss.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】1.语义题。题干：根据本文，“睡眠不足”指的是什么？文章第三段中“Prolongedsleepdeprivationhaslongbeenassociatedwithdiminishedimmunefunctions,butresearchershavealsofoundadirectcorrelationbetween“modest”sleepdeprivation—lessthansixhours—andreducedimmuneresponse”说明“modest”sleepdeprivation指的是少于6小时的睡眠，而成人需要7-9小时的睡眠。因此C选项符合题意。

2.判断推理题。题干：根据第3段，下列哪个陈述是正确的？第三段最后一句“You’llbegladyougotthatextrahourofsleepthenexttimethatbugcomesaroundandleaveseveryoneelsebedriddenwithafeverforthreedays”，别人生病后就会意识到多睡一小时的好处，对应B选项的内容。

3.细节题。题干：为什么会有所谓的“睡眠瘫痪症”?第四段第三句中提到了“SleepparalysisoccurswhenthebrainisarousedfromitsREMcycle,butthebodyremainsinitsimmobilizingstate”，可知“睡眠瘫痪症”发生在大脑从快速眼动周期唤醒时，身体仍保持不动状态，因此D选项符合题意。

4.细节题。题干：根据最后一段，下列哪个陈述是正确的？最后一段最后一句提到“REMsleep,ordream-sleep,helpssolidifythe“fragile”memoriesthebraincreatesthroughouttheday…”表明大脑一天产生的记忆是脆弱的，需要睡眠帮忙巩固记忆。因此B选项符合题意。

5.细节题。题干：睡眠不足对人的身心有什么影响？第二段提到“elevatedbloodpressure”；第三段提到“reducedimmunesystem”;第四段提到“sleepparalysis”；最后一段提到“memoryloss”，因此D选项符合题意。

7.单选题

Fearofpirate（

）ledtheFrenchtofortifytheircoastline.

问题1选项

A.excursions

B.incursions

C.transmigrations

D.transmogrifications

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。excursion“偏移；远足”；incursion“入侵；侵犯”；transmigration“轮回；移居”；transmogrification“变形”。句意：对海盗袭击的担心使得法国加固了他们的海岸线。选项B符合题意。

8.单选题

WecanrelyonWilliamtocarryoutthismission,forhisjudgmentisalways（）.

问题1选项

A.inexplicable

B.healthy

C.sound

D.straight

【答案】C

【解析】形容词词义辨析。inexplicable“费解的,无法说明的”;healthy“健康的,健全的”;sound“合理的,可靠的”;straight“笔直的,正直的”。句意:我们可以依靠William去执行这次任务,因为他的判断一直都很可靠。选项C符合句意。

9.单选题

Headdeda（）tohisletterbysayingthathewouldarrivebefore8pm.

问题1选项

A.presidency

B.prestige

C.postscript

D.preliminary

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项presidency“总统（或董事长、会长、大学校长等）的职位（任期）”；B选项prestige“威望，声望”；C选项postscript“附言；又及”；D选项preliminary“初步的，开始的，预备的”。句意：他在信上加了（），说他将在晚上8点前到达。这里表达的意思是“他在附言里说……”，因此C选项符合题意。

10.单选题

Thechildren’shystericalcrying（）thewomandoctorfromcompletingtheexamination.

问题1选项

A.forbade

B.refrained

C.hindered

D.restricted

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项forbid“禁止；不允许”；B选项refrain“克制；避免；制止”；C选项hinder“阻止；打扰”；D选项restrict“限制；约束”。句意：这些孩子们歇斯底里的哭泣阻止这位女医生完成这个检查。结合句意判断出选项C正确。

11.翻译题

BritishpreviouscolonialpoliciesledtothespreadofEnglishacrosstheworld.ThiswideuseofEnglishhasbeenreinforcedbythesweepinginfluenceoftheU.S.However,thedominanceofEnglishasaninternationallanguageisconsideredbothablessingandacurse.Foronething,ithasacceleratedtheextinctionofsomelanguages.Peoplehavebeenwonderingaboutthepossibilityofcreatingagloballanguagewhichmightholdpromisesforanendtolanguage-causedtroublesandconflicts.Unfortunately,attemptstoharmonizeworldlanguageshavemetwithlittlesuccessasaresultofthereluctanceofnativespeakersofaparticularlanguagetoadoptanotherlanguageastheirmothertongue.Todiscardone’snativelanguageistohavethedistinctfeaturesofhisnationerased.

【答案】答：

英国以前的殖民政策导致了英语在世界各地的传播。美国的广泛影响又进一步加强了英语的广泛使用。然而，英语作为国际语言的主导地位既是好事，也是坏事。一方面，它加速了一些语言的灭绝。人们一直在想是否有可能创造一种全球语言，从而有望结束那些语言引起的麻烦和冲突。不幸的是，因为某一语言的本族语者不愿意把另一种语言当作自己的母语，世界语言一致的尝试收效甚微。抛弃自己的母语，就等于是抹掉自己民族的特色。

12.单选题

Thatpartofthecityhaslongbeen______foritsstreetviolence.

问题1选项

A.notorious

B.responsible

C.historical

D.illegal

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项notorious“声名狼藉的，臭名昭著的”；B选项responsible“负责的，可靠的；有责任的”；C选项historical“历史的；史学的；基于史实的”；D选项illegal“非法的；违法的；违反规则的”。句意：该市的那个地区长期以来因街头暴力而臭名昭著。因此A选项正确。

13.单选题

Itispossiblethatnature,likesomemastermusician,（）onoccasion,departingfromtheexpectedorpredictable.

问题1选项

A.repeats

B.improvises

C.ornaments

D.harmonizes

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项repeat“重复”；B选项improvise“即兴创作”；C选项ornament“装饰，修饰”；D选项harmonize“协调，使和谐”。句意：有可能，大自然就像一些音乐大师，有时会即兴发挥，偏离预期或预测。结合上下文可知，选项B符合语境。

14.单选题

ItwaswithgreatdelightthatIreadinyourFebruary（）thelettertotheeditorwrittenbyProf.Johnson.

问题1选项

A.issue

B.printing

C.magazine

D.copy

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A:issue“（报刊或杂志）期刊”；B:printing“印刷;印刷术”；C:magazine“杂志”；D:copy“一份；复制品”。句意：非常高兴拜读了贵刊二月的一期中所登载有关约翰逊教授致编辑的信。结合此处语义，A为正确答案。

15.单选题

Asenseofsmellissomethingwearebornwith.Orisit?

Untilrecentlyscientistsbelievedthatthecommonsenseviewwaswrong:researchhadsuggestedthatwelearntodistinguishbetweenpleasantandunpleasantsmellsbyexperience.Fromearlyexperimentsthatinvolvedaskingchildrenbetweenthreeandfiveyearsoldwhattheythoughtofcertainsmells,researchersconcludedthatchildrenmustlearntheirappreciationofpleasantandunpleasantsmellsastheygetolder,ratherthanbeingbornwithit.Oneofthemostsurprisingresultsofthesetestswasthatthechildrensaidtheylikedthesmelloffaecesnearlyasoftenastheysaidtheylikedbanana.

PsychologistHilarySchmidtunderstandablyfoundthisresearchhardtoaccept.Shelookedatthewaythetestswereconducted,andappliedlessonsfromotherworkonchildpsychologytodesignherownexperiments.Shenotedthatchildrenyoungerthanfivewilloftenanswer‘Yes’toleadingquestionseveniftheanswersarecontradictory.Shethereforedecidedtosetherexperimentupasagame.SheaskedthechildreniftheywouldgiveaparticularsmellythingtoOscartheGrouch,apopulartelevisioncharacterwholivesinadustbinandlikes‘smelly’things,ortoBigBird,anothertelevisioncharacterwholikes‘nice’things.Shefoundthatthechildrendistinguishedbetweenpleasantandunpleasantsmellsinmuchthesamewayasanadult.Withthehelpofyoungerandyoungersubjects,shehopestoshedlightontheimportanceoftheinheritedcomponentofthesense.

Childrenyoungerthansevenoreightarenotoriouslybadatrecognizingwhatanobjectisfromitsshapealone.Schmidtpointstoanexperimentshehascarriedoutwithchildrenunderfivewhoweregivenalargestyrofoamballandasmall,butheavy,leadballtocompare.Aftertheyhadachancetofeelthetwo,shetooktheballsaway,andshowedthemanotherpairofStyrofoamandleadball.Whensheaskedthemwhichofthetwowouldbetheheavier,theyinvariablypointedtotheStyrofoamballjustbecauseitwasbigger.Despitetheirearlierexperience,theyhadnotgraspedtheideaofwhatanobjectismadeof—itssubstance—aswellassizeandshape.Butinotherexperimentswhensheintroducedodors,shefoundthatchildrenunderfiveunderstoodthatsmellwasanimportantcharacteristicofsubstance,andchildrencoulduseascenttorecognizesubstanceirrespectiveoftheshapeorsizeinwhichitwaspresentedtothem.

Schmidthasalsofoundthatgirlsaremoresensitivetosmellthanboys.Thesexdifferenceiswellknowninadults,butnotinchildren.Explainingthedifferenceinadultshascenteredonthesuggestionthatasgirlsgetolder,theytendtotakepartinactivitiessuchascooking,whichtrainthemtodistinguishbetweensmells.Anothersuggestionwasthatafterpuberty,femalehormonesbringaboutsomechangeintheolfactoryequipment.ButSchmidt’sobservationsthatthesexdifferenceexistsinchildrendoesnotfitinwitheitherexplanation.

31.Accordingtothetext,itiswell-knownthatoursenseofsmellis______.

32.WhichwouldHilarySchmidtmostprobablyagreeto?

33.Schmidt’sstyrofoamandleadballexperimentshowsthatyoungerchildren______.

34.Theword“subjects”(Para.3)mostprobablymeans______.

35.Fromthelastsentenceofthetext,wecaninferthatSchmidtmay______.

问题1选项

A.acquired

B.trained

C.inherent

D.tested

问题2选项

A.Thecontradictoryanswersofchildrenarehardtounderstand.

B.Childreninagamehaveaquickerresponsetopromptingquestions.

C.Youngerchildrenhaveastrongersenseofsmellthanolderones.

D.Inexperimentschildren’sanswersmaysometimesbeunreliable.

问题3选项

A.relyonearlierexperiencesinjudginganobject

B.areinsensitivetosize,weightandshape

C.cannotrecognizethesizeofstyrofoamballs

D.canunderstandwhattheballismadeof

问题4选项

A.pupils

B.adults

C.children

D.researchers

问题5选项

A.overthrowtheexistingtheoriesconcerningthesexdifferenceinsmelling

B.supportthesecondexplanationthathormonesplayarole

C.thinkthatmaturegirlsarelesssensitivetosmellsthanchildren

D.agreethatchildren’ssensitivitytosmellisnurtured

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】31.【选项释义】

31.Accordingtothetext,itiswell-knownthatoursenseofsmellis______.31.根据文章，众所周知，我们的嗅觉是______。

A.acquiredA.后天习得的

B.trainedB.训练出来的

C.inherentC.与生俱来的

D.testedD.被测试的

【考查点】事实细节题。

【解题思路】根据第二段第一句“研究表明，我们通过经验（byexperience）学会区分令人愉悦的和令人不快的气味”，从中我们可知，嗅觉是后天通过经验获得的。所以，A项正确。

【干扰项排除】

B选项没有提到，属于无中生有；

C选项与文章相反，属于反向干扰；

D选项只是实验内容，属于出处错位。

32.【选项释义】

32.WhichwouldHilarySchmidtmostprobablyagreeto?32.希拉里•施密特最有可能同意哪一个？

A.Thecontradictoryanswersofchildrenarehardtounderstand.A.孩子们相互矛盾的回答让人难以理解。

B.Childreninagamehaveaquickerresponsetopromptingquestions.B.游戏中的孩子对提示性问题的反应更快。

C.Youngerchildrenhaveastrongersenseofsmellthanolderones.C.小一点的孩子的嗅觉比大一点的孩子强。

D.Inexperimentschildren’sanswersmaysometimesbeunreliable.D.在实验中，孩子们的答案有时是不可靠的。

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据第三段第三句“她指出，五岁以下的孩子通常会回答‘是’，即使答案是矛盾的”，从中可知，即便答案可能是矛盾的，孩子们在回答时通常都会回答“是”，从而推断，孩子们的答案并不是可靠的。因此，该题选择D项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A选项定位第三段第一句“心理学家希拉里•施密特认为这项研究难以接受是可以理解的（understandably）”可知，该项与原文相反，属于反向干扰；

B选项没有提到，属于无中生有；

C选项在文中并没有进行比较，属于无中生有。

33.【选项释义】

33.Schmidt’sstyrofoamandleadballexperimentshowsthatyoungerchildren______.33.施密特的泡沫塑料和铅球实验表明，更小的孩子______。

A.relyonearlierexperiencesinjudginganobjectA.在判断物体时依赖于早期的经验

B.areinsensitivetosize,weightandshapeB.对大小、重量和形状不敏感

C.cannotrecognizethesizeofstyrofoamballsC.无法识别聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料球的大小

D.canunderstandwhattheballismadeofD.能够理解球是由什么制成的

【考查点】事实细节题。

【解题思路】根据第四段倒数第二句“尽管他们有过早期的经验，但他们并不了解物体是由什么物质构成的，也不了解物体的大小和形状”，从中我们可知，施密特的泡沫塑料和铅球实验表明，更小的孩子在判断物体时对物体的大小、重量和形状都不了解。因此，B项最符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

A选项中的早期经验并不是孩子们判断物体的依据，属于曲解原文；

C选项不全面，属于以偏概全；

D选项不符合原文，属于反向干扰。

34.【选项释义】

34.Theword“subjects”(Para.3)mostprobablymeans______.34.第三段的subjects一词最有可能的意思是______。

A.pupilsA.小学生

B.adultsB.成年人

C.childrenC.孩子

D.researchersD.研究员

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】首先，根据题干定位到第三段最后一句“在越来越年轻的研究对象的帮助下，她希望阐明嗅觉的遗传成分的重要性”，结合上一句“她发现，孩子们能像成年人一样区分好闻和坏闻”，从中我们可知，这项研究的对象是children；综合理解，第三段的subjects指的就是孩子。因此，该题选择C项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A选项文中没提到，属于无中生有；

B、D选项并不符合原文，属于曲解原文。

35.【选项释义】

35.Fromthelastsentenceofthetext,wecaninferthatSchmidtmay______.35.从文章的最后一句话，我们可以推断施密特可能______。

A.overthrowtheexistingtheoriesconcerningthesexdifferenceinsmellingA.推翻了现有的关于性别差异的嗅觉理论

B.supportthesecondexplanationthathormonesplayaroleB.支持荷尔蒙起作用的第二种解释

C.thinkthatmaturegirlsarelesssensitivetosmellsthanchildrenC.认为成熟的女孩对气味的敏感性不如儿童

D.agreethatchildren’ssensitivitytosmellisnurturedD.同意儿童嗅觉的敏感度是后天培养的

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】首先，定位至文章最后一句“但施密特关于儿童存在性别差异的观察并不符合这两种解释”，其中的两种解释是指上文提到的关于性别差异对于嗅觉敏感度的影响在儿童中并不明显的原因：一种认为女孩参加诸如烹饪之类的活动可以训练她们分辨气味；另一种认为女性荷尔蒙会使嗅觉器官发生一些变化。综合理解可知，施密特对于儿童性别差异的观察研究推翻了女孩比男孩对气味更敏感这两种解释，A选项意思与之相近。因此，该题选择A项正确。

【干扰项排除】

B、C选项与原文不符，属于反向干扰；

D选项与该段没有联系，属于出处错位。

16.单选题

Afterafewroundsoftalks,bothsidesregardedtheterritorydispute（）.

问题1选项

A.beingsettled

B.tobesettled

C.hadsettled

D.assettled

【答案】D

【解析】句意:经过几次谈话，双方都认为这个领土纷争已经解决了。

考查固定搭配。regardsth.asdone将某事看做已经完成了的事。因此选D项。

17.单选题

Onweekendsmygrandmausually（）aglassofwine.

问题1选项

A.subscribesto

B.engagesin

C.indulgesin

D.hangson

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词短语辨析。A选项subscribeto“订阅；同意；捐款”；B选项engagein“从事于”；C选项indulgein“沉湎于”；D选项hangon“坚持下去；不挂断”。句意：周末我奶奶通常……一杯酒。能与“一杯酒”搭配的只有C选项“沉湎于”。