(完整版)高中英语必修三知识点

必修3知识点归纳Unit1Festivalsaroundtheworldmeanv.&adj.1).meandoingsth.“意味着(必须要做某事或导致种结果)”2).meantodosth.“打算或企图做某事”3).meansb.todosth.“打算让某人做某事”，也可以用于被动结构。4).bemeanttodosth.“旨在做某事”Themeetingismeanttosolvetheproblem.2.celebratev.庆祝令人高兴的事情或日子congratulatev.祝贺某人做某事congratulatesb.onsth./doingsrh.3.takeplace发生；举行(不能用于被动语态中!)takesb'splace/taketheplaceofsb=replacesb代替某人takeplace指经过安排的事情takeplace指经过安排的事情happen偶然发生，碰巧发生breakout灾难、疾病、战争等突然爆发inthefirstplace首先，第一点inone'splace处于…位置，为某人着想inplaceof代替，用而不用ofallkinds各种各样的allkindsof各种各样的differentkindsof不同种类的inthelastplace最后inplace放在原来的位置，就位takeone'splace找替某人接替某人的位置thesamekindof相同种类的kindof一点，(后接adj./adv.)5.starvev.挨饿;饿死starvefor渴望得到……starvetodeath饿死bestarvedof极需，缺乏starvefor极其需要，渴望得到/r/osth./doingsth.使某人挨饿以迫使其做某事honourv.尊敬,给以荣誉honoursb.withsth.用某事向某人表达尊重behonouredtodo做某事感到很荣幸n.荣誉，光荣inhonorof为了纪念havethehonourofdoing有幸做某事showhonourtosb.像某人表达敬意besatisfiedtodo对做某事感到满意satisfyvt.满足，使…满意;besatisfiedwith对…besatisfiedtodo对做某事感到满意satisfyone'sneeds/demands/curiosity满足某人需求/好奇心satisfyone'sneeds/demands/curiosity满足某人需求/好奇心satisfyingadj.satisfactionnsatisfactoryadj.令人满意的inmemoryof纪念,悼念…beliefn・信任；信仰，信心havebeliefinsth./sb.对某物/某人有信心beyondbelief难以置信inthebeliefthat...相信……Itismybeliefthat...我相信gainn.获得；增加；获利，获得物；收益；利润vt.得到；获得，赢得，增加，增添，到达11.gather聚集,集合(vi)Alotofpeoplegatheredtoseewhathadhappened.收集(vt)Thestudentgatheredalotofinformationaboutthehero.12.hurt,injure,harm,damage,wound的区别与用法jhurt普通用语，既可指肉体上的伤害,也可精神上，感情上的伤害。。injure比hurt正式,hurt多指伤痛，而injure则指损害健康，成就，容貌等，强调功能的损失。Idamage主要指对于物的损害，强调对于价值、用途、外观等所造成的损失，这种损失或因自然灾害所致，或因人为造成。Wound扌旨枪伤，刀伤，朿U伤等皮肉之伤，是出血的，严重的伤，特指战场上受伤，它可以指肉体上的伤害，也可指人们精神上的创伤。13.dress“给…穿衣服”。后接sb.或者反身代词getdressed表示动态bedressed表示静态，dressin.穿何种衣服dressup是“打扮，化装”14.award.n.奖,奖品v.判给,授予awardsb.sth.奖赏某人某物15.admirev.意为“赞赏;钦佩;羡慕;赞美;夸奖”admiresb.forsth.因某事钦佩或羡慕某人expressadmirationforsb.对某人表示钦佩with/inadmiration心怀钦佩地inadmirationof表示钦佩havegreatadmirationforsb.十分钦佩某人联想拓展warnsb.ofsth.警告某人某事robsb.ofsth.抢劫某人某物ridsb.ofsth.使某人摆脱/除去某物accusesb.ofsth.控告某人某事askafavourofsb.请某人帮忙suspectsb.ofsth.怀疑某人某事

demandanswerofsb.要求某人答复permissionn.\许可，允许with/without(one's)permission得到允许/未经允许asksb.forpermission征求某人的许可givesb.permissiontodosth.允许某人做某事haveone'spermission得到某人的同意17.clothingclothes/clothclothing是衣服、被褥的总称，为不可数名词；Iclothes指包括上衣、裤子、内衣、夕卜衣等在内的具体的衣服，它没有单数形式18.lookforwardto(doing)sth.意为期待着某事,其to是介词,而不是动词不定式符号。喜欢喜欢prefer...to谈到cometo开始getdownto。习惯于be(get)usedto坚持sticktodevotedto被宣判为besentencedto期待lookforwardto增添addto反对objectto导致leadto献身于beasthough和asif(1)引导方式状语从句Sheactedasthoughnothinghadhappened.她装得好像什么事也没发生过似的。当从句主语和主句主语一致，从句谓语中又含有动词tobe时，可以把主语和tobe一起省去。Helookedaboutasthough(hewas)insearchofsomething.他四处张望,好像寻找什么。(2)引导表语从句Itlooksasifit'sgoingtorain看样子天要下雨asthough和asif从句用虚拟语气,还是用陈述语气，根据具体情况而定。如果从句表示的意思与事实完全相反,或者纯粹是一种假设,通常用虚拟语气。havefun过得快乐=haveagoodtime=enjoyoneself.havefun(in)doingsth.turnup.来，出席(某活动)把(收音机等)音量开大一些，反义词turndown.turnagainst反对；背叛turndown调小；拒绝turnoff关掉turnon打开；发动turnout结果是；证明是turntosb.forhelp向某人求助turnaway走开;转过脸去;turnin进入；交出；上交turnover打翻；移交；反复考虑turninto把……变成……22..keepone'sword守信用，反义词是breakone'sword失信注意：keepone'sword和breakone'sword中的名词word不能用复数形式！breakone'sword食言getinaword插嘴ina/oneword=inshort总而言之inotherwords换句话说wordforword逐词haveawordwithsb.与某人谈话havewordswithsb.与某人争吵wordcamethat...有消息传来…obviousadj.1)obvious+to+表示人的名词或代词2)It+be+obvious+that-clause显而易见，一目了然marry的用法：1）“和....结婚”，“嫁...”，“娶...”时，marry为及物动词，要用marrysb.,而不用marrywithsb.2）表示婚姻状态，后接宾语时要用介词to，而不用with.注意：marry和getmarried都表示短暂行为，不能和表示一段时间的短语连用，而bemarried则表示婚姻状态，可以与表示婚姻状态持续多久的时间状语连用。setoff:动身，出发；使（地雷、炸弹）爆炸；使某物更有吸引力setaboutdoingsth.^着手（做某事）setin开始setup建立，创立setdown写下，记下setsomebodytodosomething.使某人开始工作setsomebodydoingsomething使某人处于某种动的状态setoffforaplace出发到某地setaboutdoingsth.开始（某工作）；着手做某事setout从某地出发上路setouttodosth.开始做某事setsth.up摆放或竖起；创立，建立setsth.aside将..放在一边；节省或保留金钱或时间setdowni己下；写下Itwasobvious/clearthat...=obviously/clearly,・・・表示“很明显，显而易见"。属于Itis/was+adj./n./p.p.+thatclause结构。Itisnecessary/important/strange/natural+that+sb.shoulddo必要的/重要的是/奇怪的/自然的是某人应该……Itisapity/ashame/nowonder+that+sb.shoulddo遗憾的是/羞愧的是/难怪某人应该Itissaid/believed/reported/announced/expected/...+that..据说/判断/报道/宣布/预计It'ssuggested/orderedthatsb.（should）do建议/要求某人（做）某事Unit2Healthyeating知识点归纳1.diet日常饮食goonadiet=beonadiet节食abalanceddiet平衡饮食providesb.withsth.=providesth.forsb.supplysb.withsth.=supplysth.tosb.offersb.sth/offertodosth.3・|energy原是物理学上的术语“能量”，用于人时则指“精力，活力，能量”power（身体上,精神上，自然的）能力，体力，智力，力量Strength人的或者物体内在的或者固有的力量force主要指做某事而使用的外力，或者武力，部队，兵力。4.frustrated修饰人或者人的声音，表情frustrating令人沮丧的befrustratedwith对….感到沮丧oughtto（1）表示责任，义务Heoughttolookafterhissister.（2）表示建议或劝告Yououghttostudyhard.你应该努力学习。（3）oughtto的否定形式oughtnotto（4）oughttohavedone=shouldhavedone过去应该做而未做6.thinkof（1）想起；记起（2）考虑（3）为…着想（4）想；打算thinkabout想；考虑thinkout想出Sorry,Ididn'tthinkofyournamejustnow.Weshouldthinkofthemattercarefully.ChenGuangbiaoisalwaysthinkingofthepoorpeopleinthepoorareas.Iamthinkingofgivingupsmoking.thinkmuchof对…评价很高thinkhighly/wellof高度评价thinkbadly/littleof认为不好thinkover仔细考虑7.情态动词must,may,might,should用于肯定猜测；can/could用于否定和疑问猜测。（1）表示对现在情况的猜测，用“情态动词+动词原形”Hemustbeintheclassroom.他一定在教室。（2）表示对过去情况的猜测，用“情态动词+have+过去分词”Thegroundiswet,itmighthaverainedlastnight.地是湿的，昨晚可能下雨了。（3）can/could用于疑问句表示“可能…吗”；用于否定句表示'不可能”。---Itcan'tbehim.HehasgonetoXi'an.不可能是他，他去西安了。20.20.bewillingtodo愿意做某事beunwillingtodo不愿做某事8、8、betiredof・・・对…厌倦；厌烦特别提示：tiredof为形容词短语，在句中作状语。形容词作状语时，多放在句首或句末。在句中作原因状语条件状语或伴随状语。loseweight减肥putonweight增肥；长胖11.getawaywith不受惩罚；被放过getacross使了解getdown下来；使沮丧getawayfrom摆脱getacross使了解getdown下来；使沮丧getawayfrom摆脱getdownto着手，开始getthrough完成getoutof从…中出来getalongwith与…相处12.tellalie/liestodosomething为了做…而撒谎tellalie/lieswithsb.=lietosb.对某人撒谎lie------lay---■-lain-----lying躺，位于lie------lied----lied-----lying撒谎lay------laid-----laid-----laying放置，下蛋14.toomuch后接不可数名词；位于动词后，修饰不及物动词muchtoo修饰形容词或副词earnone'sliving谋生=makealivingalthough/though/as/while/nomatter/_ever引导让步状语从句，要正确区分主句，从句之间的逻辑关系。cusrom风俗，习惯customer顾客，消费者18、indebt欠债beoutofdebt不欠债getintodebt=runintodebt=fallintodebt负债inone'sdebt欠某人情consultsb./sth.查阅某事物/请教某人consultsb.aboutsth.就某事咨询某人consultwithsb.与某人交换意见，商谈thankstothanksto多亏了；由于owingto由于；因befamiliarto为..熟悉21・glarevi・怒视；发耀眼的光21・glarevi・怒视；发耀眼的光22、spyon暗中监视spyinto探听spyout觉察；发现spyouttheland了解情况；估计形势23・benefit（1）vt.对…有利Thefreshairherewillbebefityou.（2）vi.受益；得到好处benefitfrom/byYouwillbenefitfromthefreshairhere.24、cutdown（1）削减；减少Youshouldcutdownyoursmoking.你应该减少吸烟（2）砍倒Onlyafewtreescanbecutdownforfirewood.cutacross走捷径cutat向…砍去cutin插嘴；干预cutoff切断；挡住cutout删掉；切除cutup切碎；使难过26、puton（1）穿上；戴上（2）上演；表演；展出（3）假装putaside放到一边；存储putdown放下；写下来putout扑灭；生产；发表Putonyourcoat,it'scoldoutside.Theyputonanewplaylastweek.Heputonasmilewhenhesawme.putaway收起来；存储putback放回原处；拨慢putforward提出；推荐putoff推迟；让.下车putup举手；搭建；张贴putupwith忍受；容忍27.the+序数词表示第几个a+序数词表示再一个，又一个28.to做介词的固定搭配：be/get/becomeusedtobe/get/becomeusedto习惯于beaddictedto沉溺于beadmittedto被…录取；准进入begivento喜欢；癖好beopposedto反对beattachedto附属于beknownto为…所知accessto接近（某地的）方法getdownto着手做putone'smindto全神贯注于beconnectedto连在一起accordingto根据leadto着手做nextto……的旁边berelatedto与…有关系devoteoneselfto献身于adjustto适应compare...to...把…比作…contributeto为…作贡献objectto/beopposedto反对dueto由于；归因于..Unit3TheMillionPoundBankNote1、bringup（1）提出Whydidyoubringthatquestionupagain?（2）抚养大；教养Parentsshouldbringupchildrentobepolite.3）呕吐Hemustbeill,hebroughtupeverything.bringaboutbringabout致使bringout出版；生产bringdown击落；降低bringback拿回来；使恢复bringalong使发展；领来bringin介绍；引进；赚钱setoutsetout动身；开始；装饰；摆放setup开办；建立2、besetin故事发生在setabout开始；散布setapart使分离；留出setoneselfagainst坚决反对以…为背景setback往回拨；推迟setforth动身；启程；阐明setaside挑出；不顾；不理会setoff动身；出发；引爆setouttodosth着手做setaboutdoingsth着手做注意：setout和setabout都表示“着手做”。但setout后跟todo,而setabout后跟doing。3、dowith。（1）安排；处理多和what连用Ihavealotofpersonalaffairstodowithtoday.（2）想要；需要多和can连用Yourhandscandowithawash.你的手需要洗一下。（3）有…就行了；凑合。多和can连用CanyoudowithfiveYuanaday?（4）受不了；不能多和can't连用。Ican'tdowithhistemper.我受不了他的脾气。⑸与…有关多和haveto连用Themanhasnothingtodowiththecase.permitsth.permitsb.todosth.permitdoingsth.byaccident偶然；无意中byallmeans一定；务必bychance偶然；碰巧bymistakebyallmeans一定；务必bymeansof用；凭借bynomeans决不6.6.88、accountfor做出解释；导致by/fromallaccounts据说，据报道onsomeone'saccount为（某人）着想7、findoneself...发现自己…；不自觉的Whenhecametohimself,hefoundhimselfinaward.苏醒过来后，他发现自己在一个病房里。注意：此句型中，宾语补足语一般用介词短语、现在分词或过去分词充当。Howdoyouaccountfortheaccidentsinseries?keepanaccountof记录onone'sownaccount.靠自己（的钱财）takesomethingintoaccount/takeaccountof）（在决定或行动之前）将…考虑进去9.seek----sought-sought(1)追求；寻找Everyoneistryingtoseektruthfromfacts.(2)试图；企图I'veneversoughttohidemyview.(3)征求Weshouldseekadvicefromourcustomers.(4)朝/往.去；指向Waterseeksitswayeast.水往东流。seekafter/for寻求；追求seekout搜出；挑出playhideandseek做迷藏notfartoseek不难找到；很简单10、onthecontrary正相反tothecontrary相反的bycontraries相反的；出乎意料的bycontraryto和…相反IwillcomeonMondayunlessyouwritemetothecontrary.我星期一来，除非你写信叫我不来。11、takeachance冒险Idon'twanttotakeachancetodothat.我不想冒险做那件事。takeafter与...相像takedelightin以…为乐takefor把...看成是takein接受；吸收；理解takeover接管/r/oaccount考虑/r/oconsideration考虑12、否定转移句。think,believe,suppose,consider,imagine这几个词后如果跟否定形式的宾语从句，否定不能放在从句中，必须放在主句里。但翻译为汉语时，又要把否定放回到从句中去。Idon'tthinkhewillcomethisafternoon.我想他下午不会来的。Hedoesn'tbelievethatIcanwinthematch.他认为我赢不了比赛。否定转移句的反义疑问句构成：当主句主语是第一人称时，反义疑问句反问从句；当主句主语是第二、第三人称时，反义疑问句反问主句。无论反问主句还是反问从句，反问部分一般用肯定形式。Idon'tthinkhewillcomethisafternoon，willhe?我想他下午不会来的，他会吗？Hedoesn'tbelievethatIcanwinthematch,doeshe?他认为我赢不了比赛，是吗？13、inrags衣衫褴褛14、asfor至于；说到Asforme,Idon'thaveenoughmoneytodothat易混辨析：15、Itis/wasforsb.todosth.该某人做某事Itisforyoutopaythebillthistime.16、askfor（1）askforsomething要.东西Themancameupandaskedforalight.（2）askforsb.A.要求见某人Someoneisaskingforyouintheoffice.B.要某人接电话Someoneisaskingforyouonethephone.17、regretvt・&vi.（1）后悔；惋惜后面跟名词、代词、从句或动名词（2）遗憾后面跟不定式，并且多跟say,tel1和inform。IregrettosaythatIhavelefttheplaneticketsathome.我很遗憾的说我把飞机票落在家里了。

Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars1、system系统，体系solarsystem太阳系governmentsystems政府体系interestvt.使…感兴趣/r/erestedadj.感兴趣的interestingadj.令人感兴趣的世界上独一无二的东西，前面加定冠词the,例:thesun,themoon,theearth,theuniversity,theworld.但是名词前若有adj修饰，一般用不定冠词a/an。例：Thereisabigmooninthesky.start/beginwith以…开始；tostart/beginwith首先=firstofall5・|wide做副词表示具体的宽Helayhere,withhiseyeswideopen./wideawakewidelyadv.修饰扌由象的，广泛的Thebookiswidelyread.inalldirections四面八方intheoppositedirection朝相反的方向todo一般做目的状语，但有时候也可做结果状语。Onlytodo结果发现常表示意料之外的结果。Shewenttothesupermarket,onlytofind/onlytobetoldthatallthesalthadbeensoldout.8.last持续;维持其后的介词for经常省略。Themeetinglasted(for)ime及时；终于9.intime及时；终于ontime按时atanytime任何时候ontime按时atanytime任何时候innotime立即；马上attimes有时；偶尔atonetime曾经；一度fromtimetotime有时atatime一次10.atmosphere大气层，经常与定冠词联用气氛，氛围theatmosphereTheatmosphereoverdinnerwaswarmandfriendly.11.unlikeprep.不像dislikev.10.atmosphere大气层，经常与定冠词联用气氛，氛围theatmosphereTheatmosphereoverdinnerwaswarmandfriendly.11.unlikeprep.不像dislikev.不喜欢Unlikehisbrother,heisdiligent.不像弟弟，他很勤奋。Idislikeeatingfish.Ilikeeatingmeat.12.befundamentalto对…至关重要，基础fundamentaldifferences根本的不同13.forthefirsttime

Thefirsttime第一次，为介词短语，一般做时间状语。为连词，连接句子14.layeggs下蛋laythetable摆桌子laythefoundation奠定基础layaside放在一边；积蓄layup储存；搁置layto归咎于laydown放下；放弃layover推迟laytheblameon责怪layout摆开；展示layopen摊开；揭露layfor等候15.givebirthto・生产；产生atbirth出生时asecondbirth再生；新生Shegavebirthtoahealthybabylastnight.bybirth天生的；生来beofgoodbirth出身名门bring…tobirth使产生16.spread伸展；延伸；（消息，火）等蔓延，传播Thenewsspreadthroughtheschoolquickly.Themotherspreadaclothonthetable.Thefirespreadquickly,butallthepeoplewereabletoescape.thusadv相当于therefore因此Theuniversitieshaveexpanded,thusallowingmorestudentstogetahighereducation.18.inone'sturn轮到・・・・byturns轮流inreturn作为回报inturn①依次轮流②反之，从而goforaturn散步；兜风outofturn不合时宜的takeaturn转弯19.too・to太・而不能表示肯定得几种情况20dependon依靠，依赖；取决于It/thatdepends.看情况吧。注意：dependon后不能跟that引导的宾语从句，这时必须在从句前加上it.Youmaydependonitthatshewillsurelypasstheexam.21theyeartocome=thecomingyear在将要到来的一年。Tocome做后置定语1)堵住；阻塞2)阻碍；阻挡blockvt.1)堵住；阻塞2)阻碍；阻挡Abigstonehasfallenfromthemountainandblockedtheroad.Thewetweatherblockedourplanforatrip.blockoutvt.封闭,遮挡（光线和声音等）;忘记，抹掉Thatwallblocksoutallthelight.23.off(和某些动词连用)…开；…掉(作表语)走掉；动身走(和某些动词连用)…下去距离多远(时间；空间)不工作；休息Thebirdflewoff.鸟飞走了。Areyoureallyoff?你真要走吗？Cuttheendoff.把头切掉。Summerisonlyaweekoff.再有一个星期就到夏天了。Themanagergavethestaffadayoff.经理让员工休息一天。explainsth.tosb.=explaintosb.sth.--explanation（n）massn.一堆；一块；一团（1）amassof=massesof大量的；许多.既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词.Afterharvest,wewillhaveamassofrice.收获以后，我们会有大量的水稻。（2）themasses群众Themassesarethetruemakersofhistory.（3）inthemass一般来说Theworkiswelldoneinthemass.26・nowthat既然相当于since，引导原因状语从句，that可以省略。Nowthatyouhavearrived,let'sstartthemeeting.既然你们到了，我们开会吧。26・nowthat既然相当于since，引导原因状语从句，that可以省略。Nowthatyouhavearrived,let'sstartthemeeting.既然你们到了，我们开会吧。27・get/havethehangof学会使用；懂得giveahangabout对…有兴趣Ican'tgetthehangofhisspeech.Idon'tgiveahangaboutpopmusic.28・breakout无被动（1）爆发TheFirstWorldWarbrokeoutin1914.（2）突然发生Abigfirebrokeoutinthefactorylastnight.3）突然大声Peoplelisteningtothejokebrokeoutlaughing.break...up结束；拆开breakoff断开；中断breakdown出故障；失败；身体垮了breakin闯入；打断；插话break.down打到；破坏；消除breakinto强行进入；打断breakup分开；放假breakthrough冲过；克服；战胜29・warnvt・警告（1）warnsb.of/aboutsth.警告/提醒某人某事（2）warnsb.（not）todosth.警告某人（别）做某事（3）warnsb.againstdoingsth.警告某人别做某事（4）warnsb.that.警告；告诉某人可能发生某情况30.get/beclose（adj・）to靠近|closeadv.具体的近stand/sitclose（adv.）to31・倍数表达法：A31・倍数表达法：A+动词+倍数+as..as..A+动词+倍数+morethan..A+动词+倍数+the+n+ofThehallisthreetimesaslargeasourclassroom.=Thehallisthreetimeslargerthantheclassroom.=Thehallistwicethesizeofourclassroom.32.watchout小心，注意watchoutfor小心..watchover看管，照看，监视Unit5Canada_“TheTrueNorth”1、ratherthan与其…宁愿(1)rather...than是…而不是Thisisratherforfathertodecidethanforyou.(2)had/wouldrather宁愿后跟从句时，从句谓语要用虚拟语气。(3)would/hadrather.than宁愿.而不愿I'dmuchratherdealwithamanthanwithawoman.besurroundedby/with・・・被…环绕/包围：surroundingadj.周围的surroundingsn.(pl.)环境measure：v测量，衡量，判定measuretemperature/measuredthedistance.n.措施【C】takemeasurestodo采取措施做某事4.aboard在船,火车，飞机・上board:n・木板，膳食v上(船，飞机等)5.settledown(4.aboard在船,火车，飞机・/r/