新视野大学英语第4册课后答案

第一课Chaseminutecrueltyidlesustainworshipjustifydrowncontaminateaccuseobjectfinediscountdistinct.Hundredsofworkerssatidleonthefactoryfloorwaitingfortheassemblylinetostartagain..Tosomeofourproblemstherewasmorethanonerightanswer,sowewerelookingatthestudents,reasoningastohowtheygotitandiftheycouldjustifytheanswertheyhad..Consumersexpecttofindthebrandavailableata(an)discountandareunpleasantlysurprisedtofindahigherprice..TheEuropeanUnionismadeupof27nationswithdistinctcultural,linguisticandeconomicroots..Policefoundminutetracesofbloodonthecarseats..Despitehispromisetoeliminatecronyism(任人唯亲),hewasopenlyaccusedofgivinggovernmentpositionstofriendsandrelatives..ButIwouldliketoaccepthiskindofferifhedidnotobjecttomysharingtheseedwithmyfriend,Mary,whowasanexperiencedgrowerandhadabeautifulrockgarden..Thepollutionfromthefactoriescontinuestocontaminatetheriverandalsoposeshealththreattopeoplelivingnearby..Webelieveit'spossibletosustaingrowththroughtheuseofdifferentkindsofenergythatwillallowforlowercarbonemissions..Thepeoplelovedhersomuchthattheynicknamedher"Evita",andlongafterherdeath,manyArgentunescontinuetoworshipher..这种植物只有在培育它的土壤中才能很好地成长。(otherthan)Theplantdoesnotgrowwellinsoilsotherthantheoneinwhichithasbeendeveloped..研究结果表明,无论我们白天做了什么事情,晩上都会做大约两个小时的梦。(mayhavedone).Researchfindingsshowthatwespendabouttwohoursdreamingeverynight,nomatterwhatwemayhavedoneduringtheday..有些人往往责怪别人没有尽最大努力,以此来为自己的失败辩护。(justifysth.by)3.Somepeopletendtojustifytheirfailurebyblamingothersfornottryingtheirbest..我们忠于我们的承诺:凡是答应做的,我们都会做到。(remaintrueto).Weremaintreetoourcommitment:Whateverwepromisedtodo;wewoulddoit..连贝多芬的父亲都不相信自己儿子日后有一天可能成为世界上最伟大的音乐家。爱迪生也同样如此,他的老师觉得他似乎过于迟钝。(discount;betrueof).EvenBeethoven'sfatherdiscountedthepossibilitythathissonwouldonedaybecomethegreatestmusicianintheworld.ThesameistrueofEdison,whoseemedtohisteachertobequitedull..当局控告他们威胁国家安全。(accusesb.ofsth)6.Theywereaccusedbyauthoritiesofthreateningthestatesecurity.l.ifyoumoveintoanyplaceotherthanyourownprivatehome,makesureyouknowwhattherulesareaboutpetsifyouhaveone..出入除自己家以外的任何场所时,如果你带有宠物,一定要了解有关宠物的规定。.Somewomencouldhavemadeagoodsalaryinjobinsteadofstayingathome,buttheydecidednottoworkforthesakeofthefamily.ー些女性完全可以不待在家里,而是去工作，挣ー份不错的エ资。但是为了家庭，她们放弃了工作。.Howcanyoujustifysuchrudeness?Youwillpayheavilyforthatbecausetheyhavesuedyoufordamagingtheirgoodname..你怎么为这样粗鲁的行为辩护?你将会为此付出沉重的代价,因为他们己经以低毁名誉的罪名起诉你了.Criticismcanbeofgreatuse;wemaynotlikeitatthetime,butitcanspurusontogreaterthings..批评有其重要作用;我们可能当时不喜欢它,但是它能激励我们去做更伟大的事情。.Hisuncompromisingbehavior,towhichthepublicobjected,lefthimbankruptamotionallyandfinancially..他毫不让步的行为遭到公众的反对,这使得他陷人了精神上崩溃、经济上破产的境地。.Evenifyoufail,don'tletfailureharmyou,don'tletfailuretakeover.Rememberfailureisanecessarystepinleaming;itisnottheendofyourlearning,butthebegning..即使你失败了,也不要被失败伤害,更不要被失败左右。记住:失败是学习过程中必要的ー步:它不是学习、的结束,而是学习的开始。第二课Applausecollisioncoarsesurroundbetrayrousesparkincidentexecutepostponeclumsyextraordinaryreliefimmensedoubtfull.shewasverypoliteand,liketherestofherpeople,neverlaughedifanoutsidersaidsomethingcoarse.2.1stillhavebitterfeelingsforRobert.WhatcanIsay?Heconpletelybetrayedmytrust.3.Apartfromthe incidentinLasVegas,ourvacationwascompletelytrouble-free.4.1n1968,theOscarceremonywaspostponedfortwodays,folloeingtheassassinationofMartinLutherKing..Nowthatwehaveapporvalwemayexecutetheschemeaspreviouslyagreed..ManyofthepapersfocustheirattentiononthecontroversysurroundingstatementsreportedlymadebytheForeignSecretary..Asalltheperformerswereeitherrelatedtoorknowntotheaudience,eachactwasgreetedwithloudandequalapplause..Theman'sstorywassoextraordinarythatIdidn'tknowwhethertobelievehimornot..Thefirstmobilephoneswereheavyandclumsytouse,butnowadaystheyaremucheasiertohandle..Hislatestbook工，而。/Liberation,sparkedanationwidedebateonthewaywethinkaboutanimals..要是这部喜剧中的人物更幽默些的话,就会吸引更多的观众。(if...had+pastparticiplewould+have+pastparticiple)Ifthecharactersinthiscomedyhadbeenmorehumorous,itwouldhaveattractedalargeraudience.'.她从未对自己的能力失去信心,因此她有可能成为一名成功的演员。(itisapossibilityto)Shehasneverlostfaithinherownability,soitisapossibilityforhertobecomeasuccessfulactress..我从未受过正式培训,我只是边干边学。(goalong)Ineverhadformaltraining,IjustlearnedasIwentalong?.随着产品进入国际市场,他们的品牌知名度越来越高了。(findone'swayinto)Astheirproductsfindtheirwayintotheinternationalmarket,theirbrandisgaininginpopularity..她可以编造ー个故事,说自己被窃贼打昏,所有的钱都没了,但她怀疑自己是否能让这故事听起来可信。（makeup）Shecouldmakeupastorybysayingshewasknockedunconsciousbythievesandthatallhermoneywasgone,butshedoubtedwhethershecouldmakeitsoundbelievable..谁都不清楚他是否故意推迟了这次访问,可是这引起了对他更多地批评。（〇npurpose）Noonewascertainwhetherhepostponedthevisitonpurpose,butthisbroughtmorecriticismofhim.l.iftherehadbeennoCharlieChaplin,thehistoryofworldcinemawouldhavebeendiffideng.如果没有查理?卓别林,世界电影史就会不一样了。.1twasareliefthathishardworkeventuallygavehimtheresultthathehadlongdesired:Hecsuccessfullydiscoveredthecauseofthedisease.令人感到宽慰的是,他的努力最终给予了他长期渴望的结果ー他成功地发现了这种疾病的原因。.CharlieChaplinwasoneofthegreatestandmostwidelylovedmoviepopularfilmsofhistime.Hewasbestknownforhischaracter,theyouthfulandlovableLittleTramp.查理?卓别林是最伟大、最广受热爱的电影明星之一。从《流浪汉》到《摩登时代》,他拍摄了许多他那个时代最有趣、最受欢迎的电影。他最出名的是他扮演的ー个人物一年轻可爱的小流浪汉。.Chaplinwasanimmenselytalentedman:Witninonlytwoyeearsofhisfirstappearanceinmotionpicturesin1914,hebecameoneofthebest-knownpersonalitiesinthenation.卓别林是ー个才能非凡的人:自他1914年第一次在电影中出现,两年时间内他就成了这个国家最有名的人物之一。.CharlieChaplinhadanimpactoneveryone\lifeintheearly20thcentury.Hemademorepeoplelaughthananyothermanwhoeverlivedandchangedthewaypeoplelookedattheworld.查理?卓别林对20世纪初期每个人的生活都产生了影响。与有史以来的任何人相比,他让更多的人欢笑，改变了人们看待这个世界的方式。6.OnChristmasDayin1977CharlieChaplinpassedaway.Heleftbehindfamilyandfriendssaddenedbyhisdeath,andmillionsoffansworldwide.1977年，查理?卓别林在圣诞节那天去世了，身后留下了悲伤的家人和朋友,以及全世界数以百万计的影迷。第三课Receiptconvictthrivealertchampiondonationprovisionnotifytemptationcompensationroastpasterentrawcertify1.1prefertoeatvegetablesraw,notcooked,becauseIbelievethatisbetterformyhealth.fconvictedofthechargehewouldfaceaprisonsentenceofsixyears..Anyclaimsforrefundorcompensationmustbemadeinwritingtoourheadofficewithin28days.4.Ifyouwillrequirechildcareinordertoattendthemeeting,pleasenotifyusbyleavingamessageforJanorMarthaatJordan\office..ThegovernmentattachesgreatimportancetothetrainingoffoodhandlersandthenewFoodSafetyActcontainsspecificprovisionsonthis..Keepyourreceiptincasethereissomethingwrongwithitandyouwanttobringitback..Herjobinthatcompanywassomerelyfillthecontainersandthanpastelabelsonthem..Whenherealizedthatoneenginewasnotworking,thepilotalteredairtrafficcontrol..Mygardenistodryandshare—notmanyplantsthriveinsuchenvironment..ThisistocertifythattheholderofthiscertificatehasbeenawardedtopprizeintheEnglish-speakingcontest..据报道有七八位官员收受贿赂,市长决定亲自出马调查这件事。(bereportedto;lookinto)Sevenoreightofficialsarereportedtohavetakenbribesandthemayorhasdecidedtolookintotheaffairinperson..这些工人后悔当时接受管理部门的意见重新回去工作。现在他们再次面临失业的危险了。(regretdoingsth;yie)dto;befacedwith)Theseworkersregretyieldingtothemanagement'sadviceandgoingbacktowork.Nowtheyareagainfacedwiththethreatoflosingtheirjobs..你只需填写ー张表格就可取得会员资格,它可以使你在买东西时享受打折的优惠。(fillout)Youonlyneedtofilloutaformtogetyourmembership,whichentitlesyoutoadiscountongoods..不知为什么他们的汽车在半路坏掉了,结果他们比原计划晚到了三个小时。(breakdown)Theircarbrokedownhalfwayfornoreason.Asaresulttheyarrivedthreehourslaterthantheyhadplanned..那位官员卷入了一场丑闻,数周后被迫辞职。(getinvolvedin)Theofficialgotinvolvedinascandalandwasforcedtoresignweekslater..这个靠救济过11子的人开始慢慢地建立起自己的市场,生意II渐兴隆。(buildup;onestepatatime)Themanlivingonwelfarebegantobuilduphisownmarket,onestepatatimeandhisbusinessisthriving..Themanisreportedtohavesaidinprivatethat"wearebeingmadefoolsofmanyofourclients,soweareentitledtohavethembowtousascompensation.**据报道这个男子曾在私下说:“许多救济对象在欺骗我们,因此,作为补偿,我们有权让他们对我们点头哈腰。.Afterconsideringyourbackgroundandexperience,weregrettoinformyouthatwedon'thaveanappropriatejobopportunityforyouatcurrentstage.我们考虑了你的背景与经历,很遗憾地告诉你,我们目前没有适合你的工作机会。3.1failedtotakemycuefromOscar.Instead,Italkedbacktothewoman,whoturnedouttobeournewmanager..我没能按奥斯卡的暗示去做,相反,我反驳了那个妇女,结果她竟然是我们的新经理。4.Thereneedstobesomeonewhocanactasachampionfortherightsofthepoorbecausethesystemsoeasilylendsitselftoabuse..需要有人来充当穷人权利的捍卫者,因为这一体制太容易被滥用。5.1calleedthepolicefouhelpaftermycarbrokedownonthefreeway.Twentyminuteslater,theycametomyrescue.我的车子在高速公路上抛锚后,我打电话向警察求助，20分钟后他们赶来帮我。6.Hewaspassionateforart,buthewentthroughtremendouspain-painofpovertyandmisunderstanding.他热爱艺术,却经受了巨大的痛苦ー贫穷与误解。第四课l.Thelocalgowemmenthasgivenprioritytotheconstructionofinfrastructuresoastoattraactmoreforeigninvestment..Heplacedhishouseatmydisposalduringmyholidays..Thewriterhascondensedagreatdealofmaterialintojustover100pagesandpresenteditinareasonablyreadablestyle..Anabsenceofstrategicvisionandinsufficientcustomerfocusweretwootherareasidentifiedaskeyproblemsfacingthiswirelessphoneservicecompany..TheSanFrancisco-basedcompanysaidthecontractisexpectedtogeneraterevenueof$250millioninthefirstyear..WehadonlytwoweekstotourMalaysia,whichwashardlyenoughtoscratchthesurface..Monopoliesinindustrieslikerailwaysandvariousutilitiesneedbreakingup..Toheadoffcompetition,thetelecommunicationscompanieshaveinvestedheavilyinhightechnology..BT'spricesfornationalandinternationalcallsarenowamongthelowestintheworld,althoughlocalcallpricesarenowherenearthecheapestt.10.Manufacturerscurrentlyareworkingtoestablishindustrystandardsfordigitaltransmissionandreceptionofthesignals..我父母不是对我的教育投资,而是把钱花在了买新住房上。(ratherthan)Ratherthaninvestinmyeducation,myparentsspenttheirmoneyonanewhouse..如今,人们用于休闲娱乐的开支是过去的两倍。(twiceas...as)Today,peoplearespendingtwiceasmuchonentertainmentandrelaxationastheydidinthepast..一家公司要成功,它必须跟上市场的发展。(keeppacewith)Inordertobesuccessful,abusinessmustkeeppacewithdevelopmentsinthemarketplace..与申请这个职位的其他女孩相比,她流利的英语是个优势。(giveanadvantageover)HerfluencyinEnglishgaveheranadvantageoverothergirlsforthejob..对于マ而鶴没有任何地方比图书馆更好了,在那里所有的图书都任由他们使用。(atone'sdisposal)Forstudents,nowhereisbetterthanthelibrary,whereallthebooksareattheirdisposal..我们要充分利用好这个平台,加强交流,拓展合作领域,共谋发展大计。(makeuseof)Weshouldmakefulluseoftheplatformtostrengthencommunication,expandcooperationinmoreareasandseekfurtherdevelopmentthroughjointefforts..Thedevelopingcountriesseeinformationtechnologiesasameanstoacceleratetheireconomy,butsomelackexperienceinweighingcostsandchoosingbetweentechnologies.发展中国家认为信息技术是促进经济发展的途径,但ー些国家在估算成本与选择技术方面缺乏经验。.Theworldissaidtohaveabout3,000timesasmuchgroundwateraswaterithasinriversandlakes,andgroundwaterisfarcleaner.据说地球拥有的地下水量大约是其拥有的河流和湖泊水量的三千倍,而且地下水要干净得多。.Anyonecantakegoodphotos—it'sjustamatterofbeingintherightplaceattherighttime.任何人都能照出好照片ー问题只是你是否在合适的时间和地点。.Byinstallingcomputersintheirschoolsandlibraries,thecommunityleadersdemonstratedthattheyweredeterminednottolagbehindintechnology.通过在他们的学校和图书馆安装计算机,这些社区的领导们表明他们决心不在技术上落后。.Whenhestartedthecompany,hethoughthe'dbeabletocruisealongsidethetopbusinessesinthemarket,butheisdisappointedbecausehehasn'tyetsucceeded.当他开始创办这家公司时,他想他将能在市场上与那些顶级公司并驾齐驱,可是他现在失望了,因为他没有成功。.AFloridacoupleisbuildingwhattheysaywillbethehomeofthefuture,onestrongenoughtowithstandhurricanes,yetgentleenoughtoblendinwiththeenvironment.佛罗里达的ー一对夫妇在建造一座他们称之为未来之家的房子，它既能抵御咫风，又与周围环境十分协调。第五课1.Employeesathumblejobshavetocarefullyweighuptheemployer'swordsandcloselywatchtheirexpression.2.1nParis,theEiffelTowerclosedtothepublicforfourhoursafteramorningsnowfallmadeittooslipperytoclimb.3.Childrenand,later,teenagershavetolearntoputabrakeontheirimpulses,totametheirdesires.4.Somepoetsandphilosopherschoosetoliveinsolitudebecausetheycanfindinspirationinit.5.Notonenoticedthatthelittleboyhadcreptintotheroomandwassitingthere,listening.6.Blakewaswrongfullyarrestedandisnowdemandinganapologyfromthepolice.7.Aftermonthofobservation,Ipersonallycanconcludethatitwasprettymuchanarbitrarypolicy.8.Thoughhedidnotdictate,hewentatapaceslowenoughfbrthelistenerstotakedownalotofwhathesaid.9.Somepeoplefeeltotallyinadequatewhenfacedwithnewresponsibilities.lO.Thephilosopherissaidtobeasolitaryman.Heclosedhimselfindoorsandrarelyhadvisitors..这位小个子男子并不如他看上去那么单纯。(notso...as)Thislittlemanisnotsoinnocentasheappears..对这个问题我已束手无策了,所以你不妨去求助于王教授吧。(mightaswell)There'snothingIcandoabouttheproblem,soyoumightaswellturntoProfessorWangforhelp..双方高度评价了在不同领域合作取得的成果,并希望合作进ー步加深。(speakhighlyof)Bothsidesspeakhighlyofthefruitsintheircooperationindifferentareas,andhopethatthecooperationcanbefurthered..一方面,亲民形象能使新政策更易于被民众接受,另一方面,他也能“广直言之路,启进善之门’‘。(ontheonehand,ontheotherhand)Ontheonehand,animageofbeingclosetothepeoplecangetanewpolicymoreeasilyaccepted.Ontheotherhand,itwill"encouragepeopletospeaktheirmindsandcomeupwithconstructivesuggestions"..他孤独的感觉时起时落,他有时会对自己、对宠物、对电视机唠叨不休。(riseandfall,atlength)Hissenseoflonelinessroseandfellandhesometimeswouldtalkatlengthtohimselfandhispetsandthetelevision..毕竟,金钱不是万能的,最富有的人不一定是最幸福的。(afterall)Afterall,moneyisnoteverything.Therichestpeoplearenotnecessarilythehappiest.l.thenewmechanismisnotsoeffectiveastheyhadexpected,formonthspassedandtherehasbeennobigimprovementinmanagementefficiency.新的机制并不像他们预期的那样有效,因为数月过去了,但管理效率并没有明显改进。2.1don'twanttoscareyouunnecessarily,butyoumightaswellfacefactsandlookatafewnumbers.我不想不必要地吓唬你,可你最好还是面对事实,看看ー些数字吧。3.Lonelinessismarkedbyasenseofisolation.Solitude,ontheotherhand,isastateofbeingalonewithoutbeinglonelyandcanleadtoself-awareness..孤独的特点是ー种与世隔绝感,而独居则是独自一人却不感到寂寞的状态,它能引发自我意识。4.Lonelinessisanegativestate.Onefeelsthatsomethingismissing.ltispossibletobewithpeopleandstillfeellonely-perhapsthebitterestfromofloneliness.孤独是一种消极的状态,你会感到失去了某种东西。你可能与别人在ー起仍然感到孤独一这也许是孤独最痛苦的形式5.Solitudeisapositivestateofengagementwithoneself.Solitudeisdesirable,astateofbeingalonewhereyouprovideyourselfwonderfulandsufficientcompany.独居是ー种与自我相约的积极的状态。独居是值得向往的,是独白一人、享受自我愉快而又充实的陪伴的一种状态。6.Thoreausaysthatlonelinesscanoccurevenamidcompanionsifone'sheartisnotopentothem.梭罗说,ー个人即使身处同伴之中,如果不对他们敞开心扉,仍会感到孤独。第六课negotiationsubstantialcommissionexaggeratecompetitivedonationfinancerejectbriberyimposesecurewithdrawdiscountconcerning.Substantialnumbersofpeoplesupportthereformsofeconomicsystemsoastogetridofbribery..Thespeechwitchhemadeconcerningtheprojecthasbeenveryencouraging..Thetraderepresentativesaid,"Wehavedemonstratedextraordinarypatienceandareopentofurthernegotiationinthe30daysbeforeourdecisionbecomeseffective.”.Hanleydidn'texaggeratewhenhesaidGearywasthebestbasketballplayertheteameverhad..Thechargewaswithdrawnbecausetherewasnotenoughevidence..Thecommitteetriedtoseparatecommissionspaidforrealservicesfromexaggeratedfeesthatreallyamounttobribes..Thebuildingprojectwillbefinancedbythegovernmentandpublicdonations..Thatorganizationmadesubstantialpaymentstosecureanarmssalescontract..Heintendstointroducenewcoursesandimposetightercontrolsoninternalmanagement..We'recollectingmoneytobuildahouseforhomelesspeople.Wouldyouliketomakea(n)donati