新视野大学英语教案（配套教案／导学案）

SectionAWHEREPRINCIPLESCOMEFIRSTI.PurposeToenlargestudents'vocabularyandsentencepatternToimprovethestudents'readingcomprehension.Letthestudents'recognizethewritingstyleandlearntowriteII.ImportantandDifficultPointsBackgroundInformationtheHydeSchoolIn1996,JosephW.GauIdfoundedthefirstHydeSchoolinBath,Maineinresponsetoasystemofeducationwhichhebelievedwasfailingitschildrenbecauseofconflictingpriorities.Hissearchforanewapproachineducationledtoaprogramthatvaluedattitudeoveraptitude,effortoverability,andcharacterovertalent.Thisemphasiscreatesalearningenvironmentwherestudentsexperiencesuccesswithintegrity,thekindofsuccessthatlastsalifetime.GauldestablishedtheHydecurriculum,baseduponFiveWords,ratherthanfivesubjects:Courage,Integrity,Leadership,Curiosity,andConcern;andheincorporatedthemintoeveryfacetoftheprogram.Theschoolcherishestheideathateducationalreformmustbeginwiththefamily.Actually,theFamilyEducationProgramiswhatmakestheHydeeducationunique.Theschoolbelievesthatparentsaretheprimaryteachersandthehomeistheprimaryclassroom.Thisworkwithfamiliesformorethan35yearshasledtheschooltoanumberofdiscoveries.OneofHyde'sbasicpurposesistodevelopcharacter.Thisfocusoncharacterunleashesthedeepestmotivationinstudents'self-discovery.Theschoolhelpsstudentsanswerthreequestions:WhoamI?WhereamIgoing?WhatdoIneedtodotogetthere?Relationshipsbuiltuponhonestyandconcerncanalsobekeytohelpingstudents.Hydehascreatedanewstudentrole,wherestudents,parents,andfacultyarerequiredtohelpothersachievetheirbest.Today,therearefourHydeSchools,includinginner-citymodelsinNewHaven,ConnecticutandWashingtonDC,nationalprogramsforparentsandteachers,andanumberofestablishedpartnershipswithpublicschoolsthroughoutthecountry.NewWords&Expressions:publicity:n.1)noticeorattentionfromthepublicornewsmedia公众的主意,名声receive/seek/avoidpublicity引起/追求/避免公众注意2）宣传,宣扬Thepublicityforthebookwaspoorandsaleswerelow.该书宣传工作没有做好,所以销量不大。public:a. inpublic公开地,当众cultivate:vt.1）preparelandandgrowcropsonit耕作,栽培,养殖Shealsocultivatedasmallgardenofherown.她自己也种了一小块菜地。OliveshavebeencultivatedforcenturiesinsomecountriesintheMiddleEast.橄榄树在中东ー些国家已种植了几个世纪了。2）develop;improve培养,陶冶,发展Shereadthebestauthorsinanattempttocultivatehermind.她为陶冶情操而阅读最优秀作家的作品。Cultivatingapositiveattitudetowardsyourselfcanreaptremendousbenefits.对自己有一种正确的心态能受益颇多。comprehensive:a.includingeverythingornearlyeverythingthatisconnectedwithaparticularsubject广泛的，综合的acomprehensivetest综合测试aguidebookgivingcomprehensiveinformationonthearea一本提供了该地区综合信息的导游书Compare:comprehensible:a.easytounderstandThebookiswritteninclear,comprehensiblelanguage.这本书写得明了易懂。comprehension:n.1）理解（力） 2）理解力测验controversial:a.causingpublicdiscussionanddisagreement弓I起争论的,有争议的acontroversialnewlaw有争议的新法律Governmentaidtoeducationisacontroversialsubject.政府资助教育是ー个尚有争议的话题。controversy:n.publicdiscussionanddisagreementaboutsth.争论，辩论Theplansforchangingthecitycentrecausedagreatdealofcontroversy.市中心的改建计划引来很多争议。apoliticalcontroversyoverhumanrightsabuses关于滥用人权的政治争议suspend:vt.1）stopofdelaysth.foratime暂停,中止Somerailservicesweresuspendedduringthestrike.罢工期间，有些铁路服务中止了。Theyoungmanwasgivenasuspendedsentence.这个年轻人被判缓刑。2）hangsth.up悬,挂,吊Alampwassuspendedfromtheceiling.天花板上吊着ー盏灯。suspension（86）:n.1）暂停，中止2）暂令停止参加,暂时剥夺3）（汽车等防止振动、颠簸的）悬架,悬置机构4）悬浮液5)悬,挂,吊strain:n.1)astateofworryandtension极度紧张,过劳;(对精力、体力、能カ的)苛求,压カHeisunderalotofstrainatwork.他承受着很大的工作压カ。Mum'sillnesshasputastrainonthewholefamily.妈妈的病使全家人担忧。2)theconditionofbeingpulledorstretchedtootightly拉紧，绷紧Theropefinallybrokeunderthestrain,绷紧的绳子终于断了。3)张カWhatisthebreakingstrainofthiscable?这缆索的致断拉カ是多少?4)扭伤,拉伤apainfulstrain使人疼痛的扭伤5)［常p/.］旋律,曲调Iheardthestrainsofthechurchorgan.我听到教堂风琴奏出的音乐。6)品种,品系,家系anewstrainofwheat小麦的新品种7)气质,个性特点There'sastrainofmadnessinthefamily.那一家人都有点疯疯癫癫的。vt.1)扭伤,拉伤strainamuscle,one'sheart肌肉、心肌劳损2)putalotofpressureonsth.尽力使用,使紧张strain(one'sears)tohearaconversation聚精会神地听别人交谈Moneyproblemshavestrainedtheirrelationship.钱的问题使他们关系紧张。3)拉紧,绷紧strainarope(untilitbreaks)把绳子拉紧(直到拉断)vi.makeagreatefforttodosth.尽力,努力Severalthousandsupportersstrainedtocatchaglimpseofthenewpresident.几千名支持者尽力想看一眼新总统。preliminary:1)ingbeforeorpreparingforsth.elsethatismoreimportant预备的,初步的apreliminarymeeting预备会议Afterafewpreliminaryremarksthediscussionsbegan.几句开场白后,讨论就开始了。2)n.［常pリ初步做法,起始行为thenecessarypreliminariestoapeaceconference为召开和平会议而举彳亍的必要的筹备会minority:n.1)agroupofpeoplewhoareofadifferentraceorreligiontomostpeopleinthecommunityorcountrywheretheylive少数民族SchoolsinBritainneedtodomoretohelpchildrenofethnicminorities.英国学校需要给予少数民族儿童更多的帮助。2)thesmallernumberorpartofagroup;lessthanhalf少数,少数派Thesetroubledstudentsareonlyaminority.这些有问题的学生只是少数。Mostwomencontinuetoworkwhentheyaremarried.Onlyaminoritystaysathome.多数妇女婚后依然工作,只有少数会待在家里。minor:a.1）较小的,较少的2）次要的“1）未成年人2）副修科目conventional:a.1）followingwhatistraditionalorcustomary普通的,习惯的,常规的aconventionaldesign,method传统的式样、方法Thehousewasbuiltwithconventionalmaterialsbutinatotallynewstyle.房屋用的是传统建筑材料,但风格却是全新的。conventionalweapons,warfare,etc.常规的武器、战争等2）basedongeneralagreementabouthowpeopleshouldactorbehaveincertaincircumstances符合习俗的,因循守旧的She'ssoconventionalinherviews.她的观点太保守。convention:n.1）习俗,惯例2）公约，协议3）（正式）会议,（定期）大欝reform:v.1）vt.changesth.inordertomakeitbetter改革,改良,改造reformtheexaminationsystem改革考试制度Youhavetoreformthemanagementofthecompany.你得改革公司的管理制度。2）vi.behavebetterorfitintosocietybetter改正，改过自新He'sdonewronginthepastbuthehasmadeseriouseffortstoreform.他过去做了错事,但现在在努力改过自新。n.changesinsth.inordertomakeitbetter改革,改良,改造amajorreformtothesystem对这ー制度的重大改革politicalreforminEasternEurope东欧的政治改革areformpolicyー项改革制度moral:n.1）standardsorprinciplesofgoodbehavior[pl.]道德,品彳亍,道德规范Theyhavenomorals.他们没有道德观念。Westernideasandmorals西方理念和道德观2）寓意Themoralofthisstoryis'Betterlatethannever'.这个故事的寓意是’迟做总比不做好‘。a.道德（上）的,有道德的amorallaw/duty道德律/道义上的责任Compare:morale:n.thewaythatagroupofpeoplefeelataparticulartime士气,斗志Theteam'smoralewashighbeforethematch.赛前队员们的士气很高。Lowpayinrecentyearshasledtolowmorale.近年来的低工资导致了士气低落。curriculum:n.（pl.curriculumsorcurriculA.allthesubjectsthataretaughtinaschool,college,oruniversity;thecontentsofaparticularcourseofstudy课程,（学校等的）全部课程Latinisnotonthecurriculumatourschool.我们学校的课程中没有拉丁语Thecurriculumforforeignlanguagesemphasizescommunicationskills.外语课程强调交际能力。admission:n.1)permissiontoenteraschool,aclub,apublicplace,etc.准许进入,准许加入Allthosewhowerenotwearingatiewererefusedadmissiontotheclub.凡不戴领带的人都不允许进入俱乐部。AdmissionstoBritishuniversitieshaveincreasedby15%thisyear.今年,英国大学的入学率增加了15%。theamountofmoneythatonepaystoenteraplace入场费,入场券Themuseumcharges$5admission.博物馆的门票是5美元。astatementthatsth.,usuallyunpleasant,istrue承认，供认Iviewedhersilenceasanadmissionofguilt.我认为她的沉默就是承认有罪。Compare:admittance:n.(fml.)beingallowedtoenteraplace(esp.aprivateone);therighttoenterNoadmittance.禁止入内。Thejournalisttriedtogainadmittancetotheminister'soffice.记者力争获得进入部长办公室的权利。session:n.1)aperiodoftimeormeetingarrangedforaparticularactivity(从事某项活动的)集会(或一段时间)There'llbeaquestion-and-answersessionattheendofthismorning'slecture.上午讲座结束时会有一段答疑时间。2)ameetingorseriesofmeetingsofanofficialbodysuchasaparliamentoralawcourt会议,ー届会anemergencysessionofparliament国会紧急会议Thecourtwasinsession.法庭开庭了。utmost:1)n.thegreatestextent,amount,degree,etc.thatispossible极限,极度，最大可能.Thebestplanistocontinuetoattackhimtotheutmostofourpower.最好的计划就是继续尽力攻击他。2)a.greatest极度的,最大的amessageofutmostimportance极为重要的消息Utmostcaremustbetakenwhenyoudothiskindofexperiment.你做这种实验时必须极为小心。do/tryone'sutmost:do/tryone'sbest竭力,尽全力Ididmyutmosttohelp.我已尽力帮忙。Hewilltryhisutmosttohelpthembymeansofhisconventionalmedicalknowledge.他会尽力用他所知道的传统医疗知识来帮助他们。worthwhile:a.enjoyable,useful,orsatisfyingenoughtobeworththecostoreffort值得(做)的Workingforsolittlemoneyjustisn'tworthwhile.为这么点钱工作不值得。Medicineisaveryworthwhilecareer,医学工作是ー项很值得从事的职业。outset:n.beginning开始,开端Therehavebeendifficultieswiththefirmrightfromtheoutset.公司——开始就困难重重。Attheoutsethehadputhistrustinme,thesonofhisoldfriend.ー开始他就很信任我ーー他老朋友的儿子。at/fromtheoutset开端,开始optimistic:a.hopingorbelievingthatwhathappensinthefuturewillbegoodorsuccessful乐观(主义)的I'veappliedforthejobbutI'mnotveryoptimisticaboutmychancesofgettingit.我应聘那项工作,但对得到它并不乐观。ThePresidentsaysheisoptimisticthatanagreementcanbeworkedoutsoon.总统说,他对尽快达成协议持乐观态度。Heisinanoptimisticmood.他的情绪很乐观。optimism(B6):n.乐观,乐观主义pessimistic:a.悲观(主义)的faculty:n.1)(usuallywiththearticle"the")teachingstaffofaschool,orauniversityoracollegedepartment(usedwitheitherasingularorapluralverB.全体教员Thefacultyhas/havebeeninvitedtothemeeting.全体职エ都受邀参加该会议。onedepartmentinauniversity,college,etc.系,学科,学院theFacultyofLaw法律系theFacultyofSocialandPoliticalScience社会政治科学系oneofthenaturalabilitiesofaperson'sbodyormind能力,技能,天赋thefacultyofhearing听カthefacultyofsight视カinsult:1)vt.speakoractrudelytosb.侮辱,辱骂IfeltveryinsultedwhenIdidn'tevengetananswertomyletter.当我连回信都没有得到时,我感到受了侮辱。2)n.aruderemarkoraction侮辱,凌辱Thedriverswerestandingintheroadyellinginsultsateachother.司机站在路上大声对骂。Sometelevisionadvertisementsareaninsulttopeople'sintelligence.有些电视广告对人的智力来说是ー种侮辱。curse:v.1)swearatsb.orsth.;userudelanguagetoexpressone'sanger咒骂Theycursedthetraffic,realizingtheywouldbelate.意识到可能会迟到,他们开始咒骂交通状况。Hedroppedthebox,cursed,andbegantopickupthecontents.箱子掉了下来,他骂了一声,然后开始捡散落的东西。2)useawordorwordstoexpressanevilwish诅咒Shecursedhisfamily,她诅咒他的家庭。n.1)awordusedforexpressinganger;aswearword咒骂Heutteredacurse.他骂了一声。2)awordorwordsexpressingthewishthatsth.terriblewillhappentosb.诅Thewitchputacurseonhim.巫婆对他下了咒。Thefamilyseemedtobeunderacurse.这个家庭好像被人诅咒了。3)祸害,祸根thecurseofinflation通货膨胀的祸害Gamblingisoftenacurse.赌博往往是个祸根。spread(sth.)to:(causeto)reachsb.orsth.else,asbytouchingorothermeansofpassing(使)传播Firemensucceededinpreventingthefirefromspreadingtootherofficebuildings.消防队员成功地防止了火势蔓延到其他办公楼。Wehavebeenaskedtospreadthenewstoallourfriends.有人请我们把消息告诉所有的朋友。Ifyouallowthechildtoattendschoolhecouldspreadthebadcoldtoalltheotherchildren.如果你让孩子上学,他可能将重感冒传染给其他孩子。overone'sprotest:inspiteofone'sprotest在有异议的情况下,不顾某人的抗议Thenursegavetheboyaninjectionoverhisprotest.护士不顾男孩的抗议给他打了一针。Anuclearplantwasbuiltintheareaoverthefarmer'sprotests.一座核电厂不顾农民的抗议在这个地区建了起来。putforth:1)use,show,orbringsth.suchasstrengthintoactionPuttingforthagreateffort,heuprootedthetree,他使了很大的劲把树拔了出来。2)(fml)(oftreesandplants)sendoutorproduce(buds,shoots,etc.)(指花草树木)长出(花蕾)或发(芽等)Springhascomeandthehedgesareputtingforthnewleaves.春天至り了,树篱长出了新叶子。completewith:including;havingasanadditionalpart包括,备有Thereisagoodhotelnotfarfromthecity,completewithswimmingpoolandgardenleadingdirectlytothebeach.离城市不远有个很好的旅馆,带有游泳池和通向海滩的花园。Ourfiremencame,ofcourse,completewithrescueequipment,firstaidkit,etc.当然,消防队员来了,带有救援器械和医疗急救箱等。workout:1)invent,develop,orproduce(sth.suchasanideA.bythinking想出,制定出Wemustworkoutabettermethodofsavingpaper.我们必须想出更好的节省纸张的办法。We'llleaveittothecommitteetoworkoutthedetailsoftheplan.我们将让委员会来制定计划的具体细节。decideorfindananswerto(sth.suchasadifficulty)解决111giveyoutenminutestoworkouttheproblem.我将给你10分钟时间来解决这ー问题。Wedohavetroubleinourrelationship,butIfeelthatwecanworkitoutbetweenuswithoutprofessionalhelp.我们的关系的确有问题,但我想我俩可以解决,不用请专业人士帮忙。calculatesth.算出workoutatsth.等于:总计为I'veworkedoutyourshareoftheexpensesat$10.我已经计算出你应分摊的费用是10美元。ーThetotalworksoutat$10.总数为10美元。understandsb.'snature理解,弄懂I'veneverbeenabletoworkherout.我一向无法了解她。developinaspecifiedway;turnout产生结果Thingsworkedoutquitewell,事情的结果很不错。LanguagePoints:TheHydeschooloperatesontheprinciplethat...(Para.1)Meaning:TheHydeSchoolisrunontheprinciplethattruth,courage,integrity,leadership,curiosityandconcern...(Para.1)ThesewordsarethebasesoftheHydecurriculumestablishedbyJosephGauld.SeeBackgroundInformationthenacademicachievementnaturallyfollows.(Para.1)Meaning:...thenthestudentswillnaturallymaketheiracademicachievements.HydeSchoolfounderJosephGauldclaimssuccesswiththeprogramatthe$18,000-a-yearhighschoolinBath,Maine,whichhasreceivedconsiderablepublicityforitsworkwithtroubledyoungsters.(Para.1)Meaning:JosephGauld,thefounderoftheHydeSchool,declaresthattheprogramatthehighschoolinBath,Maineissuccessful.Theschool,whichchargesastudent$18,000peryear,hasdrawnconsiderableattentionfromthepublicandnewsmediabecauseofitssuccessfulworkwithtroubledstudents.Wedon'tseeourselvesasaschoolforatypeofkid,...(Para.2)Meaning:Inouropinion,ourschoolisnotaschoolforaparticulartypeofstudents,...see...as:considersb.orsth.tobe认为某人或某物是 Doyouseethenewleaderasthehopeofthecompany?你认为新领导是公司的希望吗?Mostpeopleseehisactionaspossiblydangerous.多数人认为他的行动可能很危险。Herquestionswereseenasinterruptingtheclass.她的提问被认为是打断讲课。Whyaredeafchildrensooftenseenasstupid?为什么聋哑儿童常常被认为是傻子?Similarexpressions:regard...as,consider...as,have...as,lookon...as,...Weseeourselvesaspreparingkidsforawayoflife-bycultivatingacomprehensivesetofprinciplesthatcanaffectallkids.(Para.2)Meaning:Wethinkourdutyistopreparestudentsforawayoflife-byteachingthemacompletesetofprinciplesthatcaninfluenceallstudents.Now,JoeGauldistryingtospreadhiscontroversialCharacterFirstideatopublic,inner-cityschoolswillingtousethetaxdollarsspentonthetraditionalprogramforthenewapproach.(Para.3)Meaning:NowJoeGauldistryingtospreadhisideathatcharactercomesfirst—anideathathascausedmuchpublicdiscussionanddisagreement—toinner-citypublicschoolswhichusedtospendthetaxdollarsonatraditionalprogrambutnowarewillingtospendthemoneyonthenewprogram.NotethatJoestandsforJoseph.Thisistheso-called“petname”-anamethatisqiventosomeonewhomonesueciallvlikesorloves,usedinsteadofthatperson'srealname.OtherexamplesareRickstandingforRichard,TomstandingforTommv,BillstandingforWilliam,etc.CharacterFirstidea:theideathatcharactercomesfirstinnercity:theusuallyolder,centralpartofacity,especiallywhencharacterizedbycrowdedneighborhoodsinwhichlow-income,oftenminoritygroupspredominate.Inner-cityschoolsareusuallybelievedtohaveacomparativelyinferioreducationsystem.旧城区(学校常被认为教育质量低劣)Teachersprotestedtheprogram'sdemandsandthestrainassociatedwithmoreintensework.(Para.3)Meaning:Teacherssaidtheydidn'tliketheprogram'sdemands(whichareprobablytoohigh)andthestressthatcamefrommoreintensetest:1)v.expressone'sdisagreement,feelingofunfairness,annoyance,etc.抗议,反对PleasenoticethatinAmericanEnglish"protest"isusedwithoutapreposition.Theyprotestedthegovernment'shandlingofthesituation.他イ门反对政府处理局势的手法。Mostpeopleprotestthecompany'sdecisiontolayoffsomanyworkers.多数人反对公司如此大规模裁员的决议。Compare:Thestudentshavebeenprotestingagainstthegovernment'sdecision.学生们一直在抗议政府的决定。Thechildrenprotestedloudlyatbeingtakenhomeearly.孩子们大声抗议过早地被带回家。Manyofthepassengersprotestedaboutthelackofinformationattheairport.许多乘客抗议机场没有提供足够的信息。2)n.抗议,反对Theministerresignedinprotestagainstthedecision.这位部长为反对那项决策而辞职。Thisfall,theHydeFoundationisscheduledtobeginapreliminarypublicschoolprograminBaltimore.(Para.4)Meaning:Thisfall,theHydeFoundationplanstostartanintroductorypublicschoolprograminthecityofBaltimoreinMaryland.bescheduledtodo:bearrangedtodo被安排,定于Sheisscheduledtogiveaspeechtonight.她定于今晚演讲。Thetrainwasscheduledtoarriveat10:30.火车定于10点半到达。OtherUSschoolmanagersareeyeingtheprogram,too(Para.4)Meaning:OtherUSschoolmanagersaregreatlyinterestedintheprogram,too.eye:vt.lookatsb.orsth.closely看,审视,注视Sheeyedhimwithsuspicion..怀疑地看着他。Manypeopleareeyeingtheprogressofthenewproject.许多人在关注着这ー-新项目的进展。Lastfall,theHydeFoundationopenedamagnetprogramwithinapublichighschool...overparents'protests.(Para.4)Meaning:Lastfall,theHydeFoundationopenedaprogramthatdrewmuchattention...inspiteofprotestsfromparents.AsinMainethequestfortruthisalsowidespreadattheschoolinConnecticut.(Para.5)Meaning:ThesearchfortruthisprevailinginMaine,andthesamethinghappensattheschoolinConnecticut.Pleasenotethathere"as"isusedtocomparesituations(orsometimesactions)bysayingthattheyaresimilar.Forexample:InGreece,asinItaly,theyusealotofoliveoilincooking.与在意大利一样，在希腊,人们做饭时用很多橄榄油。InChina,asinJapan,inordertogetintoafamousuniversityalargenumberofmiddleschoolstudentstakesupplementary(ネト充的)classes.SeeExerciseVIII(onPage72)quest(B6):n.alongsearchforsth.thatisdifficulttofind寻求,搜索，追求myquestforabetterlife我对更加美好的生活的追求hisquesttofindtruelove他对真爱的寻求...the11studentsspendthelastfiveminutesinanenergeticexchangeevaluatingtheirclassperformanceforthedayona1-10scale.(Para.5)Meaning:...the11studentsspendthelastfiveminutesactivelydiscussingandevaluatingtheirclassperformanceofthedayonascalethatrangesfrom1to10.energetic(B6):a.oforneedingenergy精力充沛的，充满活力的Long-distancerunningisaveryenergeticformofexercise.长跑是种消耗体力的运动。Heisanenergeticperson.他是个精力充沛的人。Wait,Iputmybesteffortforthhere.(Para.10)Meaning:No,Idon'tagree.Imadegreateffortshere.Henotes“noamountofchange“withthehorseandcarriage"willproduceanautomobile".(Para.12)Meaning:Hepointsoutthatnomatterwhatchangesyou'vemadewiththehorseandcarriage,noautomobilewillcomeoutofit.ToavoidthecontroversyofothercharacterprogramsusedinUSschools,Gauldsaystheconceptofdoingyourbesthasnothingtodowithforcingthestudentstoacceptaparticularsetofmoralsorreligiousvalues.Meaning:InordertopreventargumentsthatothercharacterprogramsusedinUSschoolshavearoused,Gauldsaystheideaofdoingyourbestdoesn'tmeanforcingthestudentstoacceptacertainsetofgoodbehaviororreligiousbeliefs.TheHydecurriculumissimilartoconventionalschoolsthatprovidepreparationforcollege,completewithEnglish,history,mathandscience.(Para.13)Meaning:ThesubjectsthattheHydeSchooloffersarealmostthesameasthoseinconventionalschoolsthatgetstudentsacademicallyreadyforcollege,withallnecessarysubjectssuchasEnglish,history,mathandscience.CommitmentamongparentsisakeyingredientintheHydemixture.(Para.14)Meaning:Parents'devotionisanimportantelementintheHydeprogram.Here11mixture”referstotheHyde〇roqramforthefactthattheprograminvokesnotonlystudentsandteachersbutalsoparents.Theparentsagreeinwritingtomeetmonthlyinoneof20regionalgroups,gotoayearlythree-dayregionalretreat,andspendatleastthreetimesayearinworkshops,discussiongroupsandseminarsatBath.(Para.14)Meaning:Theparentspresenttheiragreementinwrittenform,promisingthattheywillattendmeetingseverymonthinoneofthe20groupsintheregionwheretheylive,appendthreedayseveryyearinalocalretreat,andparticipatethreetimesayearindiscussionsandseminarsatBathwithotherpeople.ParentsofMainestudentshaveanattendancerateof95%inthemanysessions.Meaning:95%parentsofMainestudentsarepresentinthemeetings,discussionsandseminarsorganizedbytheschool.attendance(B6):n.1)thenumberofpeoplewhogotoorarepresentataplace出席ズ数Therewasalargeattendanceatthemeeting.出席会议的人很多。Attendancehasdecreasedinrecentmonths,近几个月出席的人数减少了。beingpresentsomewhere出席,参加,出席次数TheteacherisnotpleasedwithTony'sfailedattendance.老师对托尼的缺课感到不快。Attendanceatlectureisnecessary.听讲课是必不可少的。(idm习语)inattendance(onsb.)护理,照料Anursewasinconstantattendance.有个护士随时护理。ThePresidentalwayshassixbodyguardsincloseattendance.总统有六名保镖时时刻刻在左右保卫。Heisoptimisticthatonceparentsmakeacommitmenttotheprogram,theywillbedailyrolemodelsfortheirchildren,unlikeparentswhosechildrenareinboardingschools.(Para.16)Meaning:Heishopefulabouttheprospectthatwhenparentsdevotethemselvestotheprogram,theywillbeexamplesfortheirchildrentofolloweveryday,andinthiswaytheyarequitedifferentfromparentswhosechildrenareinboardingschools.Ourfocusisreallyaboutteachertostudentandthenwetogetherdealwiththe...academics.(Para.17)Meaning:Wereallypaycloseattentiontotherelationshipbetweenteachersandstudents,andthenweworktogetherfortheacademicachievements.Inthetraditionalhighschoolsetting,it'steachertothematerialandthentothestudent.(Para.17)Meaning:Intraditionalhighschools,theteacher'sattentionisfirstpaidtotheteachingmaterial,andthentothestudents.Icamehereandtheysaid,lWekindoflikethatspirit.Wedon'tlikeitwiththenegativeattitudes.Wewanttomakethatspiritpositive.'(Para.20)Meaning:Icametothisschool,andtheytoldme:'Welikethatspiritalittlebit.Butwedon'tlikethenegativepartofit.Wewanttomakethatspiritpositive.,kindof:(infml.)rather;alittlebit有点儿,有几分I'mkindofworriedabouttheinterview.我对面试有点担心。I'mkindoftiredfromreading.我读书读得有点累了。Compare:ofakind:1)verymuchthesame同类的Thefriendsweretwoofakind-verysimilarinsomanyways.这对朋友在很多方面都十分相似。2)ofpoorquality徒有其名的Thevillagehasabusserviceofakind-twobusesaweek!这个乡村也算有公共汽车服务ーー个星期オ有两班车。Compare:akindof:(infml.)usedfordescribingsth.inawaythatisnotveryclearIhadakindoffeelingthatsomethingwouldgowrong.我觉得似乎有什么地方会出问题。There'safunnykindofsmellinhere.这儿有点古怪的气味。SectionBCulturalDifferencesinWesternandJapaneseDecision-MakingNewword&Expressionscomplex:a.madeupofseveralconnectedpartsandoftendifficulttounderstand;complicatedacomplexsystemofmanagement复杂的管理制度Youcan'texpecttofindasimplesolutionwhentheproblemissocomplex.问题如此复杂时,不能指望有简单的解决方法。n.1)agrouporsetofthings,esp.buildings,designedforaparticularpurposeashoppingcomplex购物中心 asportscomplex体育馆2)amentalproblemthatcausessb.toworryorbeupsetaboutsth.aninferioritycomplex自卑情结He'sgotacomplexabouthisheight.他为自己的身高而烦恼。extreme:a.1)thegreatestorstrongestpossibleYoumusttakeextremecarewhendrivingatnight.你晚上开车得特别小心。Shecrossedthestreetwithextremecaution.她非常小心地穿过街道。2)asfarawayaspossible;atfileverybeginningorattheveryendKerryisintheextremewestofIreland.凯里郡在爱尔兰的最西边。Helivedintheroomattheextremeendofthecorridor•他住在走廊尽头的房间里。differ:01)bedifferentManagementstylesdiffer.管理风格各有不同。Howdoesthiscardifferfromthemoreexpensivemodel?这辆车与更贵的车型有何不同?Thestoryhetoldthepolicedifferedfromtheonehetoldhismother.他对警察说的与对他母亲说的不一样。2)haveadifferentopinionI'mafraidIdifferwithyouonthatquestion.对于那个问题,恐怕我与你有不同的看法。Thetwoleadersdifferedonthisissue.对此问题两位领导见解不ー。superior:a.1)betterthanusualorthansb.orsth.elseHeisclearlysuperiortoalltheotherdoctors.他显然比其他医生高明。Sheisgreatlysuperiortoherhusbandineducationandsensitivity.她比她丈夫受过更多的教育,也更敏感。2)higherinrankasuperiorofficer上级官员n.apersonofhigherrankorpositionThecompanypresident,andmyimmediatesuperior,isHarryStokes.哈利・斯托克斯是公司总裁,也是我的顶头上司。inferior:a.loworlowerinsocialposition,importance,quality,etc.inferiorproducts劣质产品Hepreferredthecompanyofthosewhowereintellectuallyinferiortohim.他喜欢与才智上不如他的人为伍。IfeltveryinferiorwhentheystartedusinglongwordsthatIdidn'tunderstand.当他们开始使用长长的、我听不懂的单词时,我感到很自卑。Cheapergoodsaregenerallyofinferiorquality.便宜没好货。n.apersonwhohasalowersocialpositionItwasagentleman'sdutytobealwayspolite,eventohisinferiors.绅士理应有礼貌,即使是对比自己地位低的人。thereby:hatwayWestartedourjourneyearly,therebyavoidingmostofthetraffic.我们早早地上了路,因此避开了许多车辆。Ourbodiescansweat,therebylosingheat.人体会出汗,以此来散发热量。Afirmmightsometimessellatalosstodriveacompetitoroutofbusiness,andtherebyincreaseitsmarketpower.公司有时会低价销售，将竞争者挤出市场，以此增强自己的市场竞争力。consensus:n.agreementamongagroupofpeopleWehavereachedaconsensusafteralongdiscussion.经过长时间的讨论,我们达成了一致意见。Theconsensusamongtheworld'sscientistsisthattheworldislikelytowarmupoverthenextfewdecades.全世界的科学家一致认为,地球很可能在今后几キ年中变暖。Butthereisnoconsensusamongthescientistsaboutthecausesoftheglobalwarming.但关于全球变暖的原因,科学家们尚未达成一致意见。consult:v.asksb.orlooksth.upinabook,etc.togetinformationoradviceYoushouldconsultadoctorifthesymptomsgetworse.如果病情恶化,你该问问医生。Heconsultedthemaptofindtheshortestroute.他查看地图寻找最近的路线。You'dbetterconsultyourteacheraboutthepaper.关于那篇论文,你最好请教你的老师。successive:a.followingoneaftertheothertwovisitsonsuccessivedays连续几天两次访问Jacksonwasthewinnerforasecondsuccessiveyear.杰克逊第二年连续获胜。fundamental:a.importantorbasic;fromwhicheverythingelsedevelopsTherewillbefundamentalchangesinthewaytheschoolisrun.办学的方式将会发生根本变化。ThereisafundamentaldifferencebetweentileJapaneseapproachandtheAmericanone.日、美方式之间有着根本区别。discard:vt.throwsth.awaybecauseitisnotusefullookfordiscardedbottles寻找被扔掉的瓶子Heisnottheonewhowoulddiscardhisoldfriends.他不是那种会抛弃老朋友的人。transaction:n.apieceofbusiness;theactoftransactingfinancialtransactions金融交易Thestorem