新视野大学英语4第三单元上机考试

新视野大学英语4第三单元上机考试试题及答案raw2.wheelchaircrawlalertcertifythriveconvictpensionprofile10.detectivePart1WordDictation（每小题:1分;满分:10分）小题潯分对错我的答案客现1.1✓rawraw2.0Xwheelchairreceipt3.1✓crawlcrawl4.1✓alertalert5.1✓certifycertify6.1/thrivethrive7.1✓convictconvict8.1✓pensionpension9.1✓profileprofile10.1/detectivedetectiveSubtotal:9Thereissomethingyoumustknowv/hengoingabroad.Ifapersonmovesfromoneculturetoanother,hemustadjusttothe(1)customsandtothewayoflifeofthepeople.Thereisoneproblemforwhich(2)adjustmentisneededimmediately.Thisproblem(3)concernsthefoodhemustgetusedto.Inhisowncountry,heis(4)accustomedtocertainfoods,preparedinthewayofhispeople.Heisalsousedtothetimesofdayinwhichtheyare(5)served.inanewcountry,hemayfindhimselfhavingtoeatfoodsheneverheardoforseenbefore.Forinstance,manytimespeoplefromtheeastarefeeling(6)bewilderedastowhattochooseinfaceofavarietyofsalad(7)dressingsindifferentcolors.Youmightnotknowallofthev/aysfoodcanbecooked.(8)ing,andfrying.Thedifferencesbetv/eenthesev/aysareimportant,butsimpletounderstand.(9).Bakedorroastedfoodsarecookedbydryheatinanoven.(10),andbroiled(烤的)foodsarecookedbydirectfireorheat.Part2CompoundDictation(每小题:1分;满分:10分)小题得分对错我的答案客观1.0X（未答）customs2.0X（未答）adjustment3.0X（未答）concerns4.0X（未答）accustomed5.0X（未答）served6.0X（未答）bewildered7.0X（未答）dressings8.0?（未答）Thestandardmethodsforpeopletodotheircookingareboiling,bakingorroasting,andfrying9.0?（未答）BoiledfoodsarecookedinwaterorsomeothertypeofliquidataboilingtemperatureId.0?（未答）FriedfoodsarecookedinhotfatoroiluntilbrownandtenderThisdiploma（毕业文凭）thatyouhavecompletedhighschool.entitlescertifiessecures©D.approvesIftheraindoesn*tstop,peoplewillbefacedseriousflooding.A.toQB.about0C.with0D.byYetinademocracy,suchadeclarationcannoteasilybemade;indeedtheoppositemustbeproclaimed.@A.liberal©B.liableliberatedreliableThearticleChina'seducationalachievementsduringthepast20yearsandoutlineditsdevelopmentplansforthenewcentury.A.predicted0B.witnessedoC.highlighted.j.D.intensifiedHeisv^atchingTV?He'stobecleaninghisroom.©A.knov/n0B.supposedC.regarded0D.consideredIrecognizedhimatonce,buthisnamemeforthemoment.qA.escapedQB.missedC.failedQD.ignoredThegirlwillgethernervousnessoncesheisonstage.@A.over©B.through©C.off匚:D.awayScarcelyhadtheoldmangoneout.thatitstartedtorainthanitstartedtorainqC.whenitstartedtorain0D.anditstartedtorainYouareinvitedtothepartyatourinstitute8:00p.m.tomorrow.0A.havingbeenQB.givenQC.togive@D.tobegivenTheeditorthearticletomakeitfitthespaceavailableinamagazine.,@A.cutdownQB.cutoffQC.cutawayQD.cutoutPart3MultipleChoice（每小题:1分;满分:10分）小题得分对错我的答案客双1.1✓BB2.1✓CC3.1✓AA4.1✓CC5.1✓BB6.1✓AA7.1✓AA8.1✓CC9.0XBD10.0XDASubtotal:8DuringthelongvacationIv/asacceptedasatraineebusconductor.Ifoundthejobfiercelydemandingevenonashortroutewithatotalofabouttwodozenpassengers.Ipulledthewrongtickets,forgotthechangeandwroteupmylog（行程记录）attheendofeachtripinawaythatdrewhollov/laughterfromtheinspectors.Theinspectorswerelikelytocheckatanytime.Aconductorwithtv/entyyears'servicecouldbedismissedifaninspectorcaughthimacceptingmoneyv/ithoutpullingaticket.Itwashotthatsummer:100°Fahrenheit（华氏）everyday.Insidethebusitwas30°hotterstill.Itwassojammedinsidethatmyfeetv/eren'ttouchingthefloor.Icouldn'tblink（眨眼睛）thesweatoutofmyeyes.Therewasnohopeofcollectinganyfares.InthesecircumstancesIwasscarcelytoblame.Ididn'tevenknowwherewewere,butIguessedwewereatthetopjustbeforeMarketStreet.Ipressedthebell,thedoorsclosed,andthebussurgedforv/ard.Therewereshoutsandyellsfromdov/nthebackbutIthoughttheyweretheangrycriesofpassengerswhohadnotgoton.ToolateIrealizedthattheywerecomingfromwithinthebus.Theautomaticdoorsatthebackofthebushadclosedaroundanoldlady'sneckasshewasgettingon.Herheadwasinsidethebus.Therestofher,carryingashoppingbagwasoutside.Iknewnoneofthisatthetime.WhenIatlastsignaledthedrivertostop,hecrashedtoahaltandopenedtheautomaticdoors.Thewomandroppedtotheroad.Unfortunately,thecarbehindturnedouttobefullofinspectors.Sinceitwouldhavemadeheadlinesifauniversitystudenthadalmosthalf-killedawomanofanadvancedage,Iwasgiventheopportunitytoleavequietly.Whatdowelearnabouttheinspectorsinthefirstparagraph?Theyfoundthev/riteramusing.Theyneverworeuniforms.°C.Theywerefearedbyemployees.Theydistrustedolderemployees.Whywasthewriterunabletodohisjobproperly?A.Hewasn'ttallenough.©B.Thebusesv/eretoofast.©C.Peopleavoidedpaying.@D.Hecouldn'tmove.Theoldladyintheincidentdescribed.QA.wasinjuredB.faintedqC.wasdraggedD.hitherheadWhentheincidentwitholdladyhappened,.©A.thewriterhadalreadydecidedtogiveupthejoboB.thev/riter'semployerswantedtoavoidpublicityQC.thewriterwasofferedthechancetocontinue匚D.theconsequenceswereasthewriterexpectedWhatisthewriter'sattitudenowtothejob?A.Hefeelsresponsiblefortheincidentthatendedit.QB.Hethinksthathewasunfairlytreatedbytheinspectors.0C.Heisashamedthathewasincapableofdoingitproperly.〇D.Hebelievesthatitwasanimpossiblejobtodowell.Urban（城市的）lifehasalwaysinvo^edabalancingofopportunitiesandrewardsagainstdangersandstress;itsmovingforceisrinthebroadestsense,money.Opportunitiestomakemoneymakecompetitionstressful;itisoftenatitsmostintenseinthelargestcities,whereopportunitiesaregreatest.Crimehasalwaysflourishedintherelativeanonymity（人所不知）ofurbanlife,buttoda/seaseofmovementmakesitscontrolmoredifficultthanever;thereismuchevidencethatitsextenthasadirectrelationshiptothesizeofcommunities.Citydv/ellers（居民）maybecometrappedintheirhomesbythefearofcrimearoundthem.Asdefenseagainstthesedevelopments,citydwellerstendtousevariousstrategiestotryandreducethepressuresuponthemselves:contactswithotherpeoplearegenerallymadebriefandimpersonal;doorsarekeptlocked;telephonenumbersmaybeex-directory（未列入电话号码簿的）；journeysoutsidethehomeareusuallyhurried,ratherthanasourceofpleasure.Innerareasofcitiestendtobeabandonedbythemoresuccessfulandlefttothosewhohavedonebadlyinthecompetitivestruggleorwhobelongtominoritygroups;thesepeoplearethengeographicallytrappedbecausesomucheconomicactivityhasmigratedtothesuburbsandbeyond.Present-dayarchitectureandplanninghaveenormouslyworsenedthehumanproblemsofurbanlife.Old-establishedneighborhoodshavebeenruthlessly（无情地）sweptaway,bybothpublicandprivateorganizations,usuallytobereplacedbyhuge,ugly,impersonalstructures.Peoplehavebeenforcedtoleavetheirfamiliarhomes,usuallytobere-housedintowerblockswhichareinconvenient,andfailtoprovideanysettingforhumaninteractionorsupport.Thedestructionofestablishedsocialstructuresistheworsepossibleapproachtothedifficultiesoflivinginatownorcity.Instead,everyeffortshouldbemadetoconserve（保护）thehumanscaleoftheenvironment,andtoretainfamiliarlandmarks.Accordingtotheauthor,livinginacitycausesstressbecausetherearesomanypeoplewhoare.qA.anxioustosucceedinneedofhelpnaturallyaggressivelikelytocommitcrimeTheauthorthinksthatcrimeisincreasingincitiesbecauseA.peopledonotcommunicatewiththeirneighbors0B.criminalsaredifficulttotraceinlargepopulationsQC.peoplefeelanonymousthereD.thetrappingsofsuccessareattractivetocriminalsThemajorityofpeoplewholiveininnercitiestendtoquitfromtheinnerareasbecausethey.©A.dislikehavingtotravelfartoworkqB.havebeenforcedbycircumstancestodosodon'tliketheideaoflivinginthesuburbshaveturnedagainstsocietyArchitecturalchangeshaveaffectedcitylifeby.qA.scatteringlong-establishedcommunities0B.givingtheindividualasayinplanningforcingpeopletoliveontopofeachothermakingpeoplemovetothesuburbsTheauthor'sgeneralargumentisthaturbanlifewouldbeimprovedby.A.movingpeopleoutoftowerblocks0B.restoringoldbuildings的C.buildingcommunitycenters@D.preservingexistingsocialsystemsPart4ReadingComprehension(MultipleChoice)(每小题:1.5分;满分:15分)小题潯分对错我的答案客双1.1.5✓CC2.1.5✓DD3.1.5✓CC4.1.5✓BB5.1.5✓DD6.1.5✓AA7.1.5✓BB8.1.5✓BB9.1.5✓AA10.1.5/DDSubtotal:15老师评语:ThePeaceCorpsThePeaceCorpsisanindependentfederalagencyoftheUnitedStatesdesignedtopromotemutualunderstandingbetv/eenAmericansandtheoutsideworld.ThePeaceCorpswasestablishedbyexecutiveorderin1961byPresidentJohnF.KennedyandapprovedbyCongressasapermanentagencywithintheStateDepartmentlaterthatyear.TheprogramcameaboutduringtheColdWarandwasdesignedtoopposetheSovietchallengetoWesterninfluenceinthewidelyopenThirdWorldareaofsuperpov/ercompetition.Morethan180,000AmericanshaveservedinthePeaceCorpssinceitsbeginning.Purpose&functionTheprogramofficiallyhasthreegoals.Thefirstistohelpthepeopleofinterestedcountriesandareasinmeetingtheirneedsfortrainedworkers.ThesecondistohelppromoteabetterunderstandingofAmericansonthepartofthepeoplesserved.AndthethirdistohelppromoteabetterunderstandingofotherpeoplesonthepartofAmericans.ThePeaceCorpsworksbyfirstannouncingitsavailabilitytoforeigngovernments.Thesegovernmentsthendetermineareasinwhichtheorganizationcanbeinvolved.Theorganizationthenmatchestherequestedassignmentstoitspoolofapplicantsandsendsthosevolunteerswiththeappropriateskillstothecountriesthatfirstmadetherequests.Background&historySincetheendoftheSecondWorldWar,variousmembersoftheUnitedStatesCongresshadproposedbillstoestablishvolunteerorganizationsintheThirdWorld.In1952SenatorBrienMcMahonproposedan"army"ofyoungAmericanstoactas"bringersofdemocracy".Privatelyfundednon-religiousorganizationshadbeensendingvolunteersoverseassincethe1950s.JohnF.Kennedyfirstannouncedhisownideaforsuchanorganizationduringthe1960presidentialcampaignatalate-nightspeechattheUniversityofMichiganinAnnArboronOctober14.DuringalaterspeechinSanFrancisco,CaliforniaonNovember1,henamedthisproposedorganizationthe"PeaceCorps".Criticsoftheprogram(includingKennedy'sopponent,andfutureUnitedStatespresident,RichardM.Nixon)claimedtheprogramv/ouldbenothingbutaplaceforyoungpeopletohidefrommilitaryservice.Othersdoubtedwhethercollege-agedvolunteershadthenecessaryskills.Theideawaspopularamongmostcollegestudents,however,andKennedycontinuedtopursueit,askingrespectedacademicssuchasMaxMillikanandChesterBov/lestohelphimoutlinetheorganizationanditsgoals.Duringhisopeningaddressaspresident,Kennedyagainpromisedtocreatetheprogram.Established&approvedOnMarch1,1961,KennedysignedanExecutiveOrderwhichofficiallystartedthePeaceCorps.ConcernedwiththegrowingtideofrevolutionaryfeelingsintheThirdWorld,KennedysawthePeaceCorpsasameansofcounteringthenotionsofthe"UglyAmerican",especiallyintheemergingnationsofpostcolonialAfricaandAsia.OnMarch4,KennedyappointedSargentShrivertobetheprogram'sfirstdirector.Shriverwastaskedv/ithfleshingouttheorganization,whichhedidv/iththehelpofWarrenW.Wigginsandothers.ShriverandhisthinktankoutlinedthethreemajorgoalsofthePeaceCorpsanddecidedthenumberofvolunteerstheyneededtorecruit.TheprogrambeganrecruitingvolunteersthatfollowingJuly.Untilabout1967,applicantstothePeaceCorpshadtopassaplacementtestthattested"generalknowledge"(knowledgeofvariousskillsneededforvariousPeaceCorpsassignments)andlanguageability.AfteranaddressfromKennedy,whowasintroducedbyRev.RussellFullerofMemorialChristianChurch,DisciplesofChrist,onAugust28,1961,thefirstgroupofvolunteersleftforGhanaandTanzania.TheprogramwasformallyapprovedbyCongressonSeptember22,1961andwithintwoyearsover7,300PeaceCorpsvolunteerswereservingin44countries.Thisnumberv/ouldjumpto15,000inJuneof1966,thelargestnumberintheorganization'shistory.EarlytroublesforthePeaceCorpsThoughtheorganizationv/asbegunwiththenoblestofintentions,itexperiencedabigcontroversyinitsveryfirstyearofoperation.OnOctober13,1961,apostcardv/rittenbyavolunteernamedMarjorieMichelmoreinNigeriatoherboyfriendintheUScausedsomeproblems.Init,shedescribedNigeriaaswuglyandabsolutelyprimitiveinlivingconditions'*.Thispostcard,hov/ever,nevermadeitoutofthecountry.AstudentattheUniversityCollegeatIbadanfounditandmadecopiestodistributearoundcampus.NigerianstudentsaccusedthevolunteersofbeingspiesoftheUSgovernment.SoontheinternationalpresspickedupthestoryandthisledseveralpeopleintheUSadministrationtoquestionthefutureoftheprogramasawhole.Nigerianstudentsprotestedtheprogram,andtheAmericanvolunteershidthemselvesawayandeventuallybeganahungerstrike.Afterseveraldays,theNigerianstudentsagreedtoopenadialoguewiththeAmericans.IndependentstatusInJuly1971,PresidentNixonbroughtthePeaceCorpsundertheumbrellaagency,ACTION.ThePeaceCorpsv/ouldremainunderACTIONuntilPresidentJimmyCarterdeclareditfullyindependentina1979executiveorder.Thisindependentstatusv/ouldbefurthersecuredwhenCongresspassedlegislationin1981tomaketheorganizationanindependentfederalagency.ProgramsbranchingoutAtthistime,thePeaceCorpsbeganbranchingoutpastitstraditionalconcernsofeducation-andagriculture-relatedprojects.In1982,DirectorLoretMillerRuppebeganseveralnewbusiness-relatedprograms.Forthefirsttime,alargenumberofconservativeandRepublicanvolunteersjoinedthegroupofoverseasvolunteers,andtheorganizationcontinuedtoreflecttheevolvingpoliticalandsocialconditionsintheUnitedStates.Fundingcutsduringtheearly1980sdroppedthenumberofvolunteersto5,380,itslov/estlevelsincetheorganization'searlyyears.Fundingbegantoincreasein1985,andCongresspassedaninitiativetoraisethenumberofvolunteersto10,000by1992.AftertheSeptember11,2001attacksalertedthenationtogrowinganti-USfeelingsintheMiddleEast,PresidentGeorgeW.BushpledgedtodoublethesizeoftheorganizationwithinfiveyearsasapartoftheWaronTerrorism.For2004,Congresspassedabudgetincreaseat$325million,$30millionabovethatof2003but$30millionbelov/thePresident'srequest.Now,thePeaceCorpsistryingtodoublethenumberofvolunteersitsendsabroadby2007.ThisisinaccordancewithBush'srequestin2002.AccordingtoJosephKennedy,'TheAmericanreputationhastakenahitinthelastcoupleofyears.TheneedforthePeaceCorpscouldn'tbemoreurgentthanitisrightnow,atthismoment.ThePeaceCorpsshov/swhatisbestinAmerica,thegenerosityofspirit.',ThePeaceCorpsistryingtogetmorediversevolunteersofdifferentages.ThisisimportantsothatthePeaceCorpscanlook"morelikeAmerica"(inthev/ordsofVasquez,itsdirector).Whenfirstdesigned,thepurposeofthePeaceCorpswastopromotePresidentJohnF.KennedywithhisexecutivepowerpromotetheColdWaragainstSovietchallengesandinfluencesoC.improvemutualunderstandingbetweentheStatesandtheoutsideworld0D.strengthentheUSStateDepartmentwithapermanentagencyOneofthePeaceCorps'threeofficialgoalsistogethelpfrominterestedcountriesannounceitsavailability•C.educateAmericansaboutotherpeoplesfD.makecountrie