【英语】八年级英语下册语法填空知识点总结及经典习题

【英语】八年级英语下册语法填空知识点总结及经典习题(含答案)【英语】八年级英语下册语法填空知识点总结及经典习题(含答案)【英语】八年级英语下册语法填空知识点总结及经典习题(含答案)【英语】八年级英语下册语法填空知识点总结及经典习题(含答案)一、八年级英语下册语法填空专项练习（含答案解析）1．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适合的词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式（最多限填3个单词）。Hi,boysandgirls!MynameisJim.Iama________（report）ofourschoolnewspaper.Therewasagreattalentshowinourschoolhall.Manyteachersandstudentswenttowatchit.Therewerefifteen________（act）.IthoughtLindawasthebestact.Sheisaprettygoodpianoplayer.________isthebestoneofthemusicclub.Sheplayedsomebeautifulmusic.Thenicemusicmademe________comfortableandIlostmyselfinit.Steveandhisdogwere________（fun）.Theysangacutesongtogether,Whentheysang,Icouldn't________laughing.Verawas________（creative）actforsure.Sheplayedtheguitarupsidedown.ButIthoughtDenniswasthe;________.Hewasterribleandkeptdroppingtheballs________heplayedcarefully!Thebestperformerswerethemathteachers.They________anicesong.Theysangprettywell,andtheywerereallytheloudest,too.Everyonehadagoodtimethere.【答案】reporter；acts；She；feel；thefunniest；stop/help；themostcreative；worst；although/though

；sang【解析】【解析】本文介绍了学校礼堂的一场很棒的才艺表演。（1）句意：嗨，孩子们！我叫吉姆。我是我们校报的记者。不定冠词a后是名词单数，report是动词，reporter是名词，故填reporter。（2）句意：有十五个表演。基数词fifteen后是名词复数，act是可数名词，故填acts。（3）句意：她是音乐俱乐部中最好的一个。此处用人称代词主格she指代Linda，故填She。（4）句意：美好的音乐让我感觉酣畅，我陶醉其中。comfortable是感觉到愉快，feel是动词，感觉，故填

makesbdo，故此处是动词原形，feel。（5）句意：

史蒂夫和他的狗最幽默。依照上文有十五个表演，可知是最高等比较范围，were

系动词后是形容词，

fun

是名词，

funny

是形容词，最高等前有

the

定冠词，故填

thefunniest。（6）句意：做某事，故填

当他们唱歌时，我不由得笑出来。stop/help。

can'tstop/help

doing，固定搭配，不由得（7）句意：较范围，was

维拉必定是个最有创立力的演员。依照上文有十五个表演，可知是最高等比系动词后是形容词，creative是多音节形容词，最高等前有themost，故填themostcreative

。（8）句意：但我认为丹尼斯是糟糕的。依照the定冠词，可知是最高等比较范围，was系动词后是形容词，依照Hewasterrible可知很糟糕是最差的意思，worst，最差的，故填worst。（9）句意：尽管他玩得很小心，开始他很糟糕，不停地掉球！依照

keptdroppingtheballs不停地掉球和heplayedcarefully管，although/though，是连词，故填

他玩得很小心，可知此处表示退步关系，故是连词尽although/though。（10）句意：他们唱了一首好歌。某事过去用一般过去时，singasong，唱歌，sing的过去式是sang，故填sang。【议论】观察语法填空，注意谓语的时态，词性，最高等，连词搭配等多种用法。2．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适合的单词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。Alotofpeoplewishtobeslim（苗条）,butatthesametimetheyare________（worry）abouttheirhealth.Infact,itisimportantforeveryone________（lose）weighthealthily.Buthowcanyoudoit?Here'ssomegood________（advice）.Drinkplentyofwaterandeata（n）________（health）diet.Ifyoufeellikeeatingsnacks（零食）,drinkaglassofwaterfirst.Ifyouarestillhungryafter15minutes,thenit'stime________alightsnack.________（try）tostayawayfromfoodwithhighcalories（卡路里）,suchassweetsandfastfood.Donoteatmorethanyoucanconsume（耗资）.Peoplegetfat________theycan'tconsumeallthecaloriesthattheyget.Soknowinghowmanycaloriesyoureallyneed________veryimportant.Takeenoughexercise.The"333"isgoodforyouexercise3timesaweek.Foratleast30minutesat________time,andpulserate（脉搏率）shouldhemorethan130mafterexercising.Keepthethree________（piece）ofadviceinmindandfollowtheadvice.Thenyou'llsurelyhaveaslimandstrongbody.【答案】worried；tolose；advice；healthy；for；Try；because；is；a；pieces【解析】【解析】短文马虎：好多人想保持苗条，这里给了每一个人三个建议，第一，喝大量的水和饮食健康，第二，不要吃太多，第三，经常锻炼。（1）句意：好多人希望苗条，但是同时他们担忧健康。依照短语心，故答案为worried。

beworriedabout，担（2）句意：实质上，它对每一个人而言，健康减肥很重要。依照句型

itisimportantforsbtodosth，对某人做某事很重要，可知空缺填入

tolose，结合

to

后边加动词原形，故答案为tolose。（3）句意：这儿有一些好的建议。依照advice是不能数名词，可知空缺填入语goodadvice，好想法，故答案为advice。

advice，短（4）句意：喝大量的水并且健康饮食。依照空缺的单词修饰

diet，可知用形容词修饰，health—healthy，故答案为

healthy。（5）句意：若是你15分钟后依旧很饿，是时候吃一份小吃。依照短语是时候吃，可知空缺填入介词for，故答案为for。

itistimeforsth，（6）句意：试一试原理高卡路里的食品。依照短语trytodosth，试一试做某事，结合此处为祈使句，用动词原形，填入try，位于句首首字母大写，故答案为Try。7）句意：人们之因此胖，是由于他们不能够耗资掉他们获取的卡路里。依照句子前后描述的是因果关系，可知填入连词because，故答案为because。8）句意：因此知道你需要多少卡路里是很重要的。依照主语为动名词，可知谓语应该用单数，结合句子缺少谓语，填入is，故答案为is。（9）句意：每一次最少锻炼30分钟，并且脉搏率在每次锻炼后高出缺的意义为每一次，短语atatime，每一次，故答案为a。

130次。依照句子空（10）句意：把以上

3个建议记在心里并且依照这些建议。依照空缺前面有

three，可知piece

应该用复数，为

pieces，短语

threepiecesof，三种，故答案为

pieces。【议论】观察语法填空，做此类题第一熟悉文章马虎，联系句子前后，确定空缺单词，结合语法知识，给出单词的正确形式，即可。3．依照短文内容及括号内所给单词的提示填空Mrs.Blackhasthreedaughters.Sueisthe________（young）ofthethree.Sheis________（outgoing）thanhertwosisters.Shealwaystellssomefunnyjokes________（make）peoplelaugh.Atschool,herteacherthinksthatSueisthe________（hard-working）studentandthatshedoesthingthe________（carefully）.Suehasadreamshewant________（be）areporter.Toachieve（实现）herdream,Suemakesaplan.Firstshedecides________（join）thewritingClubtopracticewriting.Second,shetries________（talk）withherpenfriendsindifferentlanguages.Tomeetmorepeopleandtalkwiththem,Sueplans________（work）insomepublic（公共的）places.I'msureshewillbeoneofthe________（famous）reportersintheworld.Goodlucktoher!4．依照短文内容或所给提示，写出空白处单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。Iam________（计划）totravelfromLondontoAmsterdam.Therearefourwaystotravel.A________（旅途）bytrainismorerelaxing________bycoach,butalotmoreexpensive.YoucangobycarandbyshipacrosstheNorthSea.Thisisthe________comfortablewaytotravel.________（停车）inAmsterdamisveryexpensive,sostayoutsidethecitycentreandtravelinbybusorbytrain.The________（three）choiceisbycoach.Thisisusuallythe________（cheap）,butinsummerthecoachessometimesget________（拥挤的）!Andit________（开销）youabouttwelvehourstogetthere.Finally,youcanfly.Itisthefastest,butyoumayhavetowaitfor________airportbecauseofbadweather.

（小时）atthe5．用括号中所给动词的适合形式填空，必要时加神情动词或助动词Ataround9pmThursday,April11th2019,therainstorm________（hit）Shenzhen,________lead）tofloodsthatwashedawaytheworkerswho________（work）atdifferentriverareasinthedistricts（区）ofLuohuandFutian.Elevenpeople________（kill）infloods.________（make）suretheworkersweresafe,thegovernment________（stop）allwaterprojectsinthetwoplacesonSaturday.Everyyearthere________（be）manyeventsacrossthecountry.Asastudent,it'snecessaryforustolearnhow________（protect）ourselveswhenwefacedifferentsituations,suchasearthquake,fire,rainstorm.We________（act）quicklyandproperly.We________always________（remember）theheroeslikeZhangChengpengforeverforwhattheyhavedoneforus.Tankstothem,wecanlivesafelyandhappily.6．Whencanwegettheparty________（start）?Alloftheguestshavealreadyarrived.7．阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适合的词、或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。Lastsummer,TinahadtostaywithAuntBetsyinCaliforniabecauseher________（parent）neededtoworkinanothercityforamonth.TinaneversawAuntBetsy________soshewasalittlenervous.AuntBetsytoldherthe________inCaliforniawassunny,soTina________（take）someshortsandT-shirts.Sheaputsomebooksandmagazinesinherbagbecausesheliked________（read）.Herfavoritebookwereabouthorses.Onthe________toAuntBetsy'shouse,Tinasawmanyhorsesonthefarm.Tinalikeditverymuchandshewishedshecouldhaveahorsesomeday.Whenthey________（arrive）atAuntBetsy'shouse,Tinasawatallbrownhorse!"Haveyou________（see）thebrownhorse?HernameisLucky.Usually,Ivisither________aweek,everySaturdayafternoonforanhour.Wecangoridingtogetherthisweekend,"saidAuntBetsy.Tinafelthappyherauntandshehadthe________hobby.Itwasgoingtobeawonderfulvacation.8．【答案】parents；before；weather；took；reading；way；arrived；seen；once；same【解析】【解析】主要讲了昨年暑期Tina父亲母亲去另一个城市工作一个月，因此Tina去了姑姑家，没去从前Tina感觉紧张，但最后在姑姑家度过了一个极好的假期。（1）句意：由于她的父亲母亲需要去另一个城市工作一个月。父亲母亲用parents，故填parents。（2）句意：Tina从前从没见过Betsy姑姑。依照后句soshewasalittlenervous.她是紧张的，由于从前没见过姑姑，故填before。（3）句意：Betsy姑姑告诉她加利福尼亚的天气是明亮的。依照sunny明亮的可知告诉的是天气weather，故填weather。（4）句意：因此Tina带上了一些短裤和T恤衫。时态是一般过去时，因此用take的过去式took，故填took。5）句意：由于她喜欢读书。likedoingsth.喜欢做某事，read的ing是reading，故填reading。（6）句意：在去Betsy姑姑家的路上，

Tina

看见农场里好多马。

onone'swayto+地点名词，表示在去某地的路上，故填way。7）句意：当他们到达Betsy姑姑家时，Tina看见一匹高的棕色的马。时态是一般过去时，因此用过去式arrived，故填arrived。（8）句意：你见过棕色的马吗？时态是现在完成时，结构是般疑问句把have/has提前到句首，实义动词还是用过去分词，

have/has+动词过去分词，一see的过去分词是seen，故填seen。9）句意：我一周看她一次。依照后句everySaturdayafternoonforanhour.每周六下午一小时，可知是一周一次，即onceaweek，故填once。（10）句意：她的姑姑和她有相同的爱好。姑姑和

Tina

都喜欢马，因此爱好相同，

thesame，和相同，故填same。【议论】观察语法填空，观察词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，第一读一遍，尔后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。二、八年级英语下册阅读理解专项练习（含答案解析）9．阅读理解Everyoneworries.Buthowdoyoudealwithyourworries?Whetheryourworriesarebigorsmall,youcantakethesestepstodealwithyourworries.Trytofindoutwhatyouareworryabout.Sometimes,youwillknowwhatyou'reworriedabout.Othertimes,youmightnot.Trytofinditout.Ifyoucan't,youcanaskforhelp.Thinkofwaystomakeitbetter.Thereisalwayssomethingyoucandotohelpyoufeellessworried.Sittingthereworryingisnofunanditwon'tsolveyourproblem.Gradesatschoolareoftenatopworryforkids.Ifyouareworriedaboutgrades,askyourselfthesequestions:Whyaregradesimportant?Whatdogradesmeantome?A）HowdoIgetreadyforclass?DoIgoovermynotesevenwhenthereisn'tatest?B）DoIhaveagoodplacetodomyhomework?C）HaveItrieddifferentwaysofstudying?Ifyourworryisaboutafightyouhadwithafriend,youmightwritedownallthethingsyoucoulddo—writeanotetoherorhim,inviteherorhimtoabasketballgame,saysorrytoherorhim,etc.Onceyouhavealistofthingsyoucoulddo,youcanchoosetheonethatgetsyourfriendback.Whenyouareworried,itcanhelptofindsomeonetotalkto.Youcanaskyourparents,friendsorteachersforhelp.1）Howmanystepsarementionedtodealwithyourworriesinthepassage?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Seven.2）Ifyou'reworriedaboutyourgrades,youcanaskyourselfthesequestionsEXCEPT"________".3）Accordingtothepassage,whatwillyoudoifyouhaveafightwithyourfriend?A.Makeanewfriend.B.Don'ttalktoherorhimanymore.C.Haveanotherfightwithherorhim.D.Inviteherorhimtoabasketballgame.4）Thepassagemainlytellsus________.A.whoisoftenworriedB.whenpeopleareworriedC.howtodealwithourworriesD.whatkindofworriespeoplehave【答案】（1）B2）D3）D4）C【解析】【解析】短文马虎：短文分三个步骤告诉我们如何办理我们的担忧：一是试着找出你在担忧什么，二是想方法让它变得更好，三是追求帮助。1）观察细节理解。依照短文内容，Trytofindoutwhatyouareworryabout./Thinkofwaystomakeitbetter./Askforhelp.，可知给了三个步骤，应选B。2）观察细节理解题。依照Ifyouareworriedaboutgrades,askyourselfthesequestions:Whyaregradesimportant?Whatdogradesmeantome?HowdoIgetreadyforclass?可知没有“Whydon'tmyfriendslikeme?应选”D。3观察细节理解题。依照Ifyourworryisaboutafightyouhadwithafriend,youmightwritedownallthethingsyoucoulddo—writeanotetoherorhim,inviteherorhimtoabasketballgame,saysorrytoherorhim,etc.可知若是你和朋友打架了，你能够邀请他进行篮球赛，应选D。4）观察主旨马虎题。依照主题句Everyoneworries.Buthowdoyoudealwithyourworries?Whetheryourworriesarebigorsmall,youcantakethesestepstodealwithyourworries.Trytofindoutwhatyouareworryabout.，结合文中的三个步骤，可知主要告诉我们如何办理我们的担忧，应选C。【议论】此题观察阅读理解。我们先阅读短文，认识短文马虎。尔后进行审题，弄清题意。带着问题阅读短文，从短文的细节中直接找出问题答案。对于主旨马虎题，要依照文章的中心思想和主题句确定。10．阅读理解Whatwouldyousaywhenwetoldyouthatyoucouldlearntospeakanewlanguageinonly7days?Prettyunbelievable,right?Buthowcoulditbe?Tofindout,wespoketoDavid－oneofourbraveBabbellearners－toseehowtheBabbelappsuccessfullygothimspeakingFrenchinjustoneweek.Howmuchtimedidyoulearneachday?Ididn'tneedtogivemywholelifeovertolearningFrench.EachBabbellessontakesonly15minutes,andIgivemyselfthecertainaim（目标）offinishingthreeBabbellessonsdaily.Thistook45minuteseachday.HowdidtheBabbelapphelpyoulearnsoquickly?TheBabbelapphasacourseplanforbeginnersthattaughtmehowtomakesentencesinFrenchwithinthefirstfewdays.ThenIwasabletopersonalize（个性化）mylearningbychoosinglessonsoneating,drinking,music,culture,travellingandsoon.Thismademequicklyenlarge（扩大）myvocabulary!Thiswayoflearningkeptmereallyinterested,andmadesureIwasn'tboredwithgrammarpracticethatweallrememberfromschool!"After7daysIwasabletointroducemyselfinFrench,talkaboutmyhobbiesandinterests,andmostimportantly,communicatingwithanative（本国的）FrenchspeakerinarealtalkandIcouldevenplayajokeortwo!"Certainly!Babbelhas14languagestochoosefrom,soifyou'rethinkingaboutbrushinguponyourGermanforabusinesstrip,orlearningabitofJapanesefornextyear'ssummervacation,you'llbehappytohearthatyouonlyneedanapp,7daysoflearningtogetyouperfect!1）TheBabbelappisusedforpeopleto_______.A.speakwithnativesB.learnforeignlanguagesC.dointernationalbusinessD.planavacationabroad2）HowdidtheBabbelapphelpDavidlearnquickly?3）What'sthemeaningofbrushingupon?A.复习B升.起C刷.子D继.续4）TheexampleofDavidisusedinthepassagetoshowthat_______.A.hardworkisreallyimportantB.BabbelappsellswellC.FrenchiseasytolearnD.Babbelappreallyhelps【答案】（1）B2）D3）A4）D【解析】【解析】短文马虎：本文介绍了一款学习外语的APP——巴贝尔应用程序（theBabbelapp）。1）观察细节理解。依照第1段第3句Tofindout,wespoketoDavid－oneofourbraveBabbellearners－toseehowtheBabbelappsuccessfullygothimspeakingFrenchinjustoneweek.为了找到答案，我们和大卫——我们勇敢的Babbel学习者之一谈了一下，看看Babbel应用程序是如何让他在短短一个星期内就讲法语的。可知Babbel应用程序用于人们学习外语，应选B。2）观察细节理解。依照第3段TheBabbelapphasacourseplanforbeginnersthattaughtmehowtomakesentencesinFrenchwithinthefirstfewdays.ThenIwasabletopersonalize（个性化）mylearningbychoosinglessonsoneating,drinking,music,culture,travellingandsoon.Babbel应用程序为初学者供给了一个课程计划，教我如何在最初几天内用法语造句。然后我能够经过选择饮食、音乐、文化、旅游等课程，我能个性化学习，应选D。3）观察词义猜想。此句Babbelhas14languagestochoosefrom,soifyou'rethinkingaboutbrushinguponyourGermanforabusinesstrip,orlearningabitofJapanesefornextyear'ssummervacation,you'llbehappytohearthatyouonlyneedanapp,7daysoflearningtogetyouperfect!句意：巴贝尔有14种语言可供选择，因此，若是你想在商务旅游中学习德语，或者在明年的暑期中学习一点日语，你会很快乐听到你只需要一个应用程序，7天让你变得圆满的学习！依照句意可知brushingupon是学习，复习的意思；应选A。（4）观察细节理解。依照第一段当我们告诉你你能够在7天内学会说一种新语言时，你会怎么说？相当难以置信，对吧？但怎么可能呢？为了找到答案，我们和大卫——我们勇敢的巴贝尔学习者之一——讲话，看看巴贝尔应用程序如何在一周内成功地让他讲法语。可知文章中使用了大卫的例子来说明巴贝尔应用程序真的很有帮助。应选D。【议论】此题观察阅读理解。对于细节理解题，在理解题意的基础上，依照短文的细节直接找到问题答案。对于词意猜想题要依照文章的上下文联系确定，确定问题答案。11．阅读理解Noteverydogisrightforchildrenandnoteverychildisrightforadog.MostdogorchildproblemsImeetinvolvechildrenundersixyearsold.Ifyourchildrenareundersix,youshouldinvestagreatdealoftimeandthoughtsbeforechoosinganewdog.Largeguarddogsordogswhichhaveahistoryofbeingaggressive（好斗的）orbitingshouldbeavoided.Largeandhigh-energydogsthatcanknockchildrenoverwouldnotbegoodchoiceseither.Instead,parentsshouldconsiderthelittlegentledogs.Parentswithlittlechildrenareusuallyverybusy.Theyoftendonothavefreetimeordesiretospendhourscleaningorwalkingadog.Infact,adogrequiresalmostasmuchtimeasachilddoes.Soaskyourselfifyouarereadytokeepadogwhenyouarealreadyverybusy.Asaveterinarian,manyoftheproblemsImeetarecausedbytheexcuseslike"thedogwouldbegoodforthekids"or"thechildrenbeggedforone",buttheparentsdonotreallywantadog.Iftheparentscannotcompletelycareforortrainthedog,thenIusuallystopthemfromkeepingadog,otherwiseitisnotfairtothedog.（1）Accordingtothewriter,mostdogorchildproblemshappentochildrenwhoare.A.under6yearsoldB.from6to8yearsoldC.under10yearsoldD.over12yearsold2）Whichkindofdogmightbesuitableforchildrenunder6?A.Largeguarddogs.B.Largeandhigh-energydogs.C.Largeaggressivedogs.D.Littlegentledogs.（3）Fromthepassage,wecanknowthatthewriterisa（n）.A.reporterB.animaldoctorC.expertD.teacher（4）Thewriterthinksthatitisunfairif.A.parentsdon'traiseadogfortheirchildrenB.childrenarenotallowedtowalkthedogC.amotherwithyoungkidsneedstowalkthedogD.parentskeepapetdogbutdon'tcareforitwell【答案】（1）A2）D3）B4）D【解析】【解析】马虎：文章主要重申了有六岁以下少儿的家庭要慎重养狗的见解。1）细节理解题。依照第一段MostdogorchildproblemsImeetinvolvechildrenundersixyearsold.可知，大多数狗或孩子的问题发生在六岁以下孩子身上。应选A。2）细节理解题。依照第一段最后一句Instead,parentsshouldconsiderthelittlegentledogs.可知，家里有六岁以下少儿的，应该考虑小的、平易的狗狗。应选D。3）细节理解题。依照第二段Asaveterinarian作为一个兽医，可知作者是一个动物医生。应选B。4）细节理解题。依照最后一句Iftheparentscannotcompletelycareforortrainthedog,thenIusuallystopthemfromkeepingadog,otherwiseitisnotfairtothedog.可知，作者感觉若是家长养了狗但却不好好照顾也许训练它们的话，是很不公正的。应选D。【议论】观察阅读理解。细节题要注意从文中搜寻答案。12．阅读下面资料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最正确选项。SomestudentsaretalkingaboutdoingchoresintheirfamiliesMyfatherisstrictwithus.Hethinkseveryoneinthefamilyshouldhelpoutwiththechores.MysisterandIareourparentsgreathelpers.Mysisterhelpstodothedishesandsweepthefloor.Myjobistotakeouttherubbishandcleanthelivingroom.JennyInmyfamily,mybrotherandIdon'tdomuchchores.Ionlymakemybedandmybrotherfoldshisclothes.Infact,mymumdoesmostofthechoresalthoughsheisbusyManypeoplesaywearespoiled（宠坏的）.ButmymumthinkschildrenshouldspendalotoftimestudyinginsteadofdoingchoreAllanIhaveasisterandsheiseightyearsolderthanme.Sheisindependentandsheusedtodothechoresinmyfamily.Butshewenttoanothercountrytogotocollegelastyear.SoIoverthejobandstartedtodothechores.Grace1）WhatkindofchoresdoesJenny'ssisterdoathome?A.Takingouttherubbish.B.Makingthebed.C.Sweepingthefloor.D.Cleaningthekitchen.2）WhodoesmostofthechoresinAllan'shome?A.Allan.B.Allan'sbrother.C.Allan'sfather.D.Allan'smother.3）WhydidGracestarttodothechores?A.Becauseshewasanindependentgirlathome.B.Becausehersisterlivedandstudiedinanothercountry.C.Becauseshethoughtdoingchoreswasinteresting.D.Becauseherparentsaskedhertodothechoresstrictly.【答案】（1）C2）D3）B【解析】【解析】主要讲了Jenny、Allan和Grace正在议论在家里做家务。1）细节题。依照Mysisterhelpstodothedishesandsweepthefloor.可知Jenny的姐姐帮忙在家洗碗和扫地，应选C。（2）细节题。依照Infact,mymumdoesmostofthechores可知妈妈做大多数家务，应选D。3）细节题。依照Butshewenttoanothercountrytogotocollegelastyear.SoIoverthejobandstartedtodothechores.可知在姐姐去另一个国家上大学时Grace开始做家务，应选B。【议论】观察阅读理解，主要观察细节题，注意从文中仔细搜寻答案。13．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最正确选项。DoyouknowwhereJ.K.RowlingwrotetheHarryPotterbooks?Shewrotethefirstbookinacoffeeshop.Wasitbecauseshefeltmorecreativewhenworkingthere?Theanswermightbeyes.Scientistsfoundthatmoderate（适当的）noisecanmakepeoplemorecreative,TheNewYorkTimesreported.Scientistsdidtestsonstudents.Theydividedthemintofourgroups.Theythenaskedthestudentstodocertaintasksinvolvingcreativethinking.Buteachgroupdidthetaskwithdifferentvolumes（音量）ofbackgroundnoise.Theyfoundthatstudentsdidbestwhenworkingundermoderatenoise—70decibels（分贝）.Thisisaboutthesamevolumeofbackgroundnoiseinacafe.Studentsdidworseinlownoise（50dB）.Thisisthevolumeofaquietroom.Theydidthepoorestwheninahigh-noise（85dB）environment.Thisisthenoiselevelinafactory.Moderatenoisecandistract（分心）peoplejustenoughsothattheythinkmorecreatively."Ithelpsyouthinkoutsidethebox,"RaciMehta,aleadresearcherinthestudy,saidtotheBusinessStandard.Ontheonehand,workinginaveryquietplacecanstrengthenourfocus.Butitalsostopsusfromthinkingabstractly（抽象）."Thisiswhyifyouaretoofocusedonaproblemandyoucan'tsolveit,"saidMehta,"youleaveitforsometimeandthencomebacktoitandyou'llgetthesolution."However,thescientistssaidthatwhenyouneedtododetailedthings,likeproofreading（校对）apaper,aquietplaceisbetterthananoisyone.1）Thefirstparagraphtellsusthat________.2）________helpsstudentsdobestincreativetasks.A.85dBB.70dBC.50dBD.0dB3）Workinginaveryquietplacecan________.A.helppeoplethinkoutsidetheboxB.makepeoplethinkabstractlyC.helppeoplefindthesolutioneasilyD.helppeoplefocusontheirwork4）Themainideaofthepassageis________.A.howtoworkunderamoderatenoiselevelB.whyJ.K.RowlinglikestowritestoriesinacoffeeshopC.whymoderatenoiseisgoodforcreativethinkingD.howscientiststestedstudents'learningabilities【答案】（1）B2）B3）D4）C【解析】【解析】马虎：文章主要经过一些例子和研究说明中等噪音能够帮助人们更有创造性地思虑。1）段落马虎题。依照第一段Wasitbecauseshefeltmorecreativewhenworkingthere?Theanswermightbeyes.是由于在那处工作更有创立力吗？答案可能是的。可知第一段主要讲的是在咖啡厅工作可能能令人变得更有创立力。应选B。2）细节理解题。依照第三段Theyfoundthatstudentsdidbestwhenworkingundermoderatenoise—70decibels（分贝）.可知，在70分贝的环境中，学生能够做到最好。故选B。3）细节理解题。依照第四段workinginaveryquietplacecanstrengthenourfocus.可知，在一个特别沉寂的地方工作能够增强我们的专注力。应选D。4）主旨马虎题。通读全文可知，文章主要经过一些例子和研究说明为什么中等噪音可以帮助人们更有创立性地思虑。应选C。【议论】观察阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、段落马虎题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中搜寻答案；段落马虎题通读全段，掌握文段马虎；主旨题需要通读全文，认识马虎此后找出中心思想。14．阅读理解TraveltoItalyCities

Milan

VenicePopulation

in1，307，900

270，5002010AreaLargerthanFlorence's7.6squarekilometersTypicalfeatureThesecondlargestcityinAwatercity（特色）ItalyClimateWetWarmwinterandhotsummerCitiesFlorenceRomePopulation369thousand2.74millionin2010Area104squarekilometersOver1，507squarekilometers（Cityarea）TypicalfeatureThebirthplaceofThecapitalcity（特色）theRenaissance（文艺中盛行源地）ClimatePleasantclimateWarmandwetinwinterwhilehotanddryinsummer1）Thereare________famousItaliancitiesmentionedintheform.A.twoB.threeC.four2）Milanhasa________climateaccordingtotheform.A.wetB.hotC.dry3）Accordingtotheform,________isthesmallestinarea.A.RomeB.VeniceC.Milan4）Florenceiswellknownas________.A.thelargestcityinItalyB.thewatercityC.thebirthplaceoftheRenaissance5）WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtotheform?A.In2010,thepopulationofFlorencewaslargerthanthatofMilan.B.ThepopulationofRomewas2，740，000in2010.C.Thecapitalcityhasanareaoflessthan1，507squarekilometers.【答案】（1）C2）A3）B4）C5）B【解析】【解析】本文介绍了意大利的四座出名城市。（1）细节题。依照表格

cities

一栏显示可知，表格里提及了

Milan

，Venice，

Florence

，Rome4个出名的意大利城市，应选

C。（2）细节题。依照表格

climate

一栏显示可知，米兰的天气是润湿，

wet，应选

A。（3）细节题。依照表格

area一栏显示可知，

Venice是面积最小的城市，应选

B。（4）细节题。依照表格

typicalfeature一栏显示可知，佛罗伦萨因是文艺中盛行源地而出名，应选C。（5）细节题。依照表格

2010

年人口一栏显示可知，罗马有

27.4亿人口，应选

B。【议论】观察阅读理解。本文涉及细节题常考题型，细节题要注意从文中搜寻答案。15．阅读理解Developinghealthyeatinghabitsstartsfromchildhood,thereforeitisimportantforparentstoteachandprovidechildrenwithahealthydiet.DPHSSadministratoroftheBureauofNutritionServices,CharlieMorrissaid,"Ahealthydietforachildalwaysincludesalotoffruitsandvegetablesinthedietlimitingtheamountofsimplesugarsinthedietandhighfatfoodandhighlyprocessed*food."Thismeansstayingawayasmuchaspossiblefromfoodsuchaschips,cookies,candiesandsugarydrinks,becauseallchildrenneedtohavemealsandthemealsshouldbeawell-balanceddiet.Communitynutritionist*ThelmaRomososaid,"Thefruit,thevegetable,thegrain,theprotein,andalsothemilk,thediaryproductareallnecessaryinthedietforachild.Amongthem,thefruitandthevegetableshouldcomefirst.It'seasyforamothertogointothetwoplusthreeconcept*offruitsandvegetablesorfiveaday."Thisconceptmeansthatthereareatleasttwoservings*offruitsaday,threeservingsofvegetablesadaywhichcanbeservedforlunchanddinner.Morrisalsosaidthatthechild'shungerlevelinfluenceshowmuchiseatenandtheparentcontrolswhatandwhenthemealisoffered,saying,"Momneedstomakesurethatthefoodofferedisgoodfoodforthechildtoeatandshealsoneedstoconsiderhowactivetheyarethroughtheday.Snacks*arenotabadthing,sothemomshouldoffergoodkindsofsnacksaswell."Whenitcomestopreparingyourchild'slunchandsnacksforschool,makesuretokeepinmindthatthefoodyouprovideshouldnotonlyprovideenoughenergybutalsobehealthysuchasfreshfruits,andwholegrainbread.Butparentsmustbesuretorememberthatagoodhealthydietmustbebalancedwithphysicalactivity,thatistosay,itisimportantthatchildrengetoutsideandrunaroundandplayandgetactivitybesideseatingagooddiet.1）AccordingtoCharlieMorriswecanknowthat____________.2）Whatdoestheword"served"inParagraph3probablymean?A.givenB.toldC.boughtD.played3）WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?4）Itcanbeinferred（推断）fromthetextthat____________.A.AgoodnutritionaldietmaycosttoomuchB.Parentsplayanimportantroleinchildren'sdietC.ChildrenoftenpaylittleattentiontofreshfruitsD.Choosinghealthyfoodisusuallyveryexpensive【答案】（1）D2）A3）C4）B【解析】【解析】马虎：文章主要介绍了从少儿时期开始发展健康饮食习惯的重要性和方法。1）细节理解题。依照第二段CharlieMorrissaid,"Ahealthydietforachildalwaysincludesalotoffruitsandvegetablesinthedietlimitingtheamountofsimplesugarsinthedietandhighfatfoodandhighlyprocessed*food."可知，CharlieMorris重申孩子平常应该少吃高加工的食品。应选D。2）词义猜想题。依照Thisconceptmeansthatthereareatleasttwoservings*offruitsaday,threeservingsofvegetablesadaywhichcanbeservedforlunchanddinner.这个见解意味着一天最少供给两种水果和三种蔬菜。可知serve是供给的意思，同义词为give供给。应选A。3）推理判断题。依照最后一段Butparentsmustbesuretorememberthatagoodhealthydietmustbebalancedwithphysicalactivity.可知，健康的饮食必定和体育运动平衡，也即两者相同重要，A表述错误；依照第三段Thisconceptmeansthattherear