北京市东城区2018年高三年级上学期期末考试英语试题

..北京市东城区2018届高三上学期期末考试英语试题2018.01本试卷共10页,共120分。考试时长100分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：知识运用〔共两节,45分第一节单项填空〔共15小题；每小题1分,共15分从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并答题卡上将该项涂黑。例：It’ssonicetohearfromheragain.______,welastmetmorethanthirtyyearsago.A.What’smore B.That’stosayC.Inotherwords D.Believeitornot答案是D。1.--You’relateagain.--Sorry.I______tosetmyalarmclock.A.forget B.willforget C.forgot D.wouldforget2.Lily’sdrawingmaynotbeexcellent,______Iknowshehasdoneherbest.A.so B.although C.before D.as3.Somepressureisgoodforyou_____itcanhelpyoutryharder.A.unless B.although C.before D.as4.CouldyoutellJill______sheshouldbringtothemeetingtomorrow?A.what B.when C.whether D.why5.I______My.Bertofthechangeofthemeeting.Youdon’thavetophonehimagain.A.haveinformed B.willhaveinformedC.wouldinform D.hadinformed6.Workershavebeenworkingthroughthenight______thebridgesafe.A.made B.tomakeC.beingmade D.havingmade7.Chinesekitesinancienttimes______intheshapeofbirds.A.design B.haddesignedC.weredesigned D.havebeendesigned8.--Remindmetobuyabottleofwineforthepartythisweekend.--I______.A.can B.must C.should D.will9.Thetrainis______schedule.You’llhavetowaitanotherfifteenminutes.A.in B.behind C.across D.off10.Therainforestisanamazingplace,______withplantsandanimalsthataren’tfoundanywhereelseintheworld.A.filling B.filled C.beingfilled D.tofill11.______wewanttogettoChicagobysunset,itmeanshavingtoleaveatdawntomorrow.A.If B.After C.While D.Where12.Historyenablespupilstolearnabouttheirculture,______helpsthemtounderstandthesocietytheylivein.A.who B.which C.where D.that13.______840squaremiles,thenationalparkhasbeautifullakes,mountainsandforests.A.Cover B.Covering C.Covered D.Tocover14.______heworksisconsideredthefinancialcenterofthecity.A.What B.Why C.Where D.How15.--HowwasthepartylastSaturday?--Itwasfun;you______.A.came B.hadcomeC.wouldcome D.shouldhavecome第二节完形填空〔共20小题；每小题1.5分,共30分阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。BigCityBusDriverWhenIwas20,IwenttostaywithafriendfortwoweeksinVancouver.Myfriendworkedduringtheday,soIdecidedtogo16onmyown.IknewwhereIwasandwhereIwantedtogo,theVancouverAquarium〔温哥华水族馆.Itsounded17.ButsoonIwascompleted18.Iboardedabus,figuringitmustdoacircle,right?Irodeagoodhalfhourbeforebecomingimpatientandthengot19.Iwalkedquiteawhile,upanddownvariousblocks,buthadnoideawhereIwas.I’velivedinatinytownallmylife,rarelyleavingit.Beinga"smalltowngirl",IadmitI’mfairly20aboutcitylife.Peopleathomealwaystoldmecitypeoplewerecoldandunconcernedaboutothers,soIwasafraidto21toanyone.Igotonanotherbus,andthenanotheragain.Finally,afterhours,IdecidedtogetonONEbus,andstayon22Irecognizedsomething.Irodeoverhalfandhour.Nothingeverseemed23.WhenIbecametheonlypassengeronthebus,Ibegantoget24.Ihadnocellphone,anddidn'teven25myfriend’sofficetelephonenumber.AsIwasabouttogiveupandleavethebus,thedriverasked26Iwantedtogo.Itoldhimtheaquarium,andhelaughed,sayinghisbuswouldn’tgoanywherenear.I27backinmyseat,reallyafraidandupset.HeaskedwhereIwasfrom,andItoldhimwhathadhappenedandnowIjustwantedtogobacktomyfriend’splace.28,thedriverpulledthebusoverandcalledmetothefront.Hegavemedetailed29astowhichbusestotake,andhowtounderstandthebussystem.He30printedthebusticketsIneededfromhismachine.Iwasshocked.Hespentagoodtwentyminutes31me,tellingmeeverythingIneededtoknow,beforegivingmethetickets.Ithankedhimrepeatedly,andaskedhimhowmuchI32forthetickets."Nothing.Justgetyourselftoyourfriend’shome."Thankstohis33,Iwasabletomakemywaybacktomyfriend’shouse.Idon’tknowwhatIwouldhavedoneifthatdriverhadnottakenthe34tohelpme.Whatpeoplehadtoldmewasnottrue.Citypeople35,justlikethedriver.Ineverdidlearnhisname,butI’llalwaysrememberhim.16.A.marching B.shopping C.cycling D.exploring17.A.simple B.special C.far D.true18.A.late B.tired C.alone D.lost19.A.up B.off C.over D.about20.A.guilty B.impatient C.ignorant D.serious21.A.walk B.nod C.talk D.write22.A.because B.until C.though D.after23.A.familiar B.interesting C.necessary D.ordinary24.A.scared B.surprised C.angry D.curious25.A.call B.notice C.tell D.know26.A.how B.why C.whether D.where27.A.looked B.sank C.dropped D.kept28.A.Obviously B.Amazingly C.Gradually D.Usually29.A.appointments B.positions C.instructions D.requirements30.A.only B.ever C.almost D.even31.A.with B.on C.at D.to32.A.bought B.owed C.ordered D.charged33.A.courage B.honesty C.kindness D.trust34.A.time B.pain C.place D.risk35.A.serve B.behave C.care D.understand第二部分：阅读理解〔共两节,40分第一节〔共15小题；每小题2分,共30分阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ACuyahogaValleyNationalParkVolunteerProgramBuildingaCommunityofParkStewardsPositionTitle:WildlifeVolunteer–ButterflyMonitors<2positions>Dates:MidMaytoSeptember,2018Hours:8~16hours/weekLocation:CuyahogaValleyNationalParkDuties:Parkstaffwilltrainvolunteersinbutterflyidentificationanddatarecordingforoneweekbeforevolunteersworkinteamoftwotohelptrackbutterflymonitoringareas.Butterflymonitoringareasare1~2milesinlengthandarewalkedonetimeperweek.Thereareatotalofthreebutterflymonitoringareaswithinthepark.Butterfliesareidentifiedbyusingbinoculars〔望远镜orbynettingandreleasing.Dataisrecordedondatasheets.SkillsRequired:Applicantsmusthaveselfmotivationanddesiretoworkwithothers.Volunteerswillworkduringdayswhentemperatureis70degreesormore,between10:30amand5pm.Abilitytowalkalongdistanceinhotandhumidconditionsisneeded.Skillswithbasicbutterflyidentificationarenotamustbuthelpful.Requirements:ApplicantsmustcompleteaNationalParkServiceAgreementandhavetheirbackgroundslookedinto.U.S.citizenshipisrequired.ApplicantsmustbecurrentKentStateUniversitystudents.HowtoApply:PleaserequestanapplicationfromMikeJohnsonatandsenditbacktoMikeJohnsonat,withtheabovepositiontitleasthesubject,byFebruary15,2018.Ifofferedaninterview,pleasecometoCuyahogaValleyNationalParkwithyourpersonalresumeintroducingyoureducationandyourpreviousworkexperience.Forfurtherinformation,pleasecallJamieWaltersat<330>657-2142oremail.36.Whatwillavolunteerdointhisprogram?A.Helpmakeadatarecord. B.Walk1~2mileseveryday.C.Workatleast16hoursperweek. D.Identifybutterflymonitoringareas.37.Applicantsforthejobmust______.A.havetheskillsofbutterflyidentification B.havetheirbackgroundscheckedC.beuniversitygraduates D.designaprogram38.Toapplyforthepassion,oneneedsto______.A.call<330>657-2142B.visitJamieWaltersattheofficeC.handinaresumebeforeFebruary15D.sendtheapplicationtoB"Iwishwehadn’tcomeonthistrip!"Jeff’svoiceechoedacrossthenarrowcanyon〔峡谷.Hisfatherstopped,breathingheavily."Thisishardonyou,butyou’vegottocomethroughwithcourage!"Hegentlyplacedhishandontheboy’sshoulder."Now,Idon’tknowifIcanmakeitwithoutstoppingeverysooften.You’reyoung,butyou’restrongandfast.Doyourememberthewaybackfromheretotheroad,ifyouhadtogoalone?"JeffflashedbacktothepainfulsceneofMark,hisseventeen-year-oldbrotherattheircampsite.Hewasbittenbyasnakeyesterday.Thismorninghecouldn’tmove,andthepaingotworse.Heneededmedicalattentionrightaway.Theyhadlefttheirphoneinthecar,anditmusthavebeenoutofpowerbythen.LeavingMarkatthecampsiteandseekinghelpwastheironlychoice."Jeff,couldyoudoit?"Jefflookedtotheendofthecanyon,severalmilesaway.Henoddedandaplanbegantotakeholdinhismind."Whatisthenameofthatlittletownwestopped,Dad??"Theremustbeahospitalthere."Flint.WeparkedatthesideoftheroadafewmilesoutofFlint."Jeffnodded.Thentheycontinuedclimbing.Stonebystone,theymadetheirwayupthecanyon.Gradually,Jeff’sfathergrewsmallerandsmallerinthedistance.Jeffwavedtohimandthenclimbedtowardtheroad.Twohourslater,hefinallyreachedtheroadandstruggledtowardthetown,almostexhausted."Can’tstop."Hethought."Mark’sinbigtrouble.Keepgoing."Suddenly,hesawatruckheadingtowardhim."Hey,mister!"Heshouted,wavingbotharms.Hebegantojogtowardthetruck,andthenbrokeintoafull-speedrun.Hischestwasburningwitheverybreathwhenthetruckdriverstoppedbyhim.Jeffexplainedbreathlessly.ThedriverreachedforhiscellphoneassoonasheheardaboutMark."Bettergetthehelicopterinthere,"hesaidimmediately.ButJeffwasn’tsureaboutthatbecauseeverythinggotunclearandthenwentblackandquiet.Hourslater,Jeffopenedhiseyestofindhisfatheronachairnearby."You’reahero,son,"hisfathersaidwithasmile."YouhadthehelicoptersentintothecanyonafterMark.Ican’ttellyouhowhappyIwaswhenIsawitoverhead.Theygothimtothehospital.He’sgoingtobefinesoon.I’msoproudofyou!"39.WhydidJeffandhisfatherclimbupthecanyon?A.Theyweregoingforrescue. B.Theyweredoingphysicalexercise.C.TheyweremeetingJeff’sbrother. D.Theyweresearchingfortheircampsite.40.WhathappenedtoMark?A.Helosthisway. B.Helosthisphone.C.Hewashitbyatruck. D.Hewasbittenbyasnake.41.WhydidJeff’sfatherlethimgoalone?A.Jeffwasfasterthanhim. B.Jeffknewthewaybetter.C.Jeffneededmoreexercise. D.Jeffpreferredgoingbyhimself.42.WhatcanbethebestwordstodescribeJeff?A.Humorousandambitious. B.Determinedandcaring.C.Cautiousandsensitive. D.Generousandkind.CIgNobelPrizeHavingamealisaneasyanddelightfulprocessformostpeople.However,forawoodpecker〔啄木鸟,it’snotthatsimple.Togetdinner,awoodpeckerhastohititsheadagainstatreenumeroustimesperday.Yet,amazingly,itneversuffersanyilleffectslikebraindamage.Accordingtoresearch,itisthewoodpecker’sthickheadbonesthatprotectitfromtheimpactoftheblows.Forexplainingthat,IvanSchwabwonanIgNobelPrize.IgNobelPrizesareorganizedbyTheAnnalsofImprobableResearch,anAmericanmagazinethatcelebratesthefunnysideofscience.Eachyear,tenwinnersareawardedprizesinhonoroftheir"achievementsthatfirstmakepeoplelaugh,andthenmakethemthink".Mostoftheaward-winningresearch,likeSchwab’s,mayseemunusual,butitusuallygrabspeople’sattentionindeed.Andnomatterhowridiculoustheresearchsounds,peoplecanfinditinspiringandamusing.BrianWansink’sresearchmightinterestyou.HetookhomeanIgNobelPrizeforlookingintotheinfluenceofvisualfactorsonpeople’sappetites.Heusedspeciallydesignedbowlsthatrefilledthemselveswithsoupwhilepeoplewereeating.Sincethesepeoplehadnoideathiswashappening,theyjustkepteatingfromthese"bottomlessbowls".Theysaidtheydidn’tfeelfullbecausetheirbowlswerenotemptyyet.Peopleinthisexperimentate73percentmoresoupthannormal.Owingtotheseresults,Wansinkconcludedthatit’snotpeople’sstomachsthatdecidewhentheyhaveeatenenough,buttheireyes.IgNobelPrizesalsogiveattentiontoscienceandtechnologythatisapartofourdailylives.Takethekaraokemachineforexample.ItsinventorDaisukeInouewasemployedatanightclub,playingthepianoforthecustomerswhowantedtosing.Hewasn’tskillfulenoughtoplayallthesongsproperly.Toclearuptheproblem,hecreatedthekaraokemachine.ToInoue’ssurprise,themachinecausedconsiderablechangesinentertainmentworldwide.TheIgNobelPrizewasawardedtoInouenotonlybecausehisinventionwasentertaining,butalsobecauseitbroughtabout"anentirelynewwayforpeopletolearntotolerateeachother".TheseresearchresultsofIgNobelPrizesmaynotbeasgreatasEdison’slightbulborNewton’slawsofmotion.However,theydoshowpeople’swillingnesstotakeactionandtotrynewwaystosolveproblems.AccordingtoMarcAbrahams,afounderoftheIgNobelPrizes."Ifyouwinone,itmeansthatyouhavedonesomething."43.WhydidIvanSchwabwinanIgNobelPrize?A.Hisdiscoverycanbeappliedindailylife.B.Hisresearchresultbenefitstheenvironment.C.Heinventedanewwaytoavoidtheimpactofblows.D.Hefoundwhywoodpeckerscouldbefreefrombraindamage.44.WhatismainlytalkedaboutinParagraph3?A.WhyIgNobelPrizescangetpeople’strust.B.Whypeople’seyesdecidetheirstomachs.C.WhyWansinkwonanIgNobelPrize.D.Whyvisualresearchinterestspeople.45.TheIgNobelPrizeawardedtoDaisukeInouesuggests______.A.IgNobelPrize’sinventionscaneasilybecomepopularB.IgNobelPrizewinnersarefamiliarwithentertainmentC.mostIgNobelPrize’sinventionsarecreatedbyaccidentD.IgNobelPrizesmaygotoinventionswithglobalinfluence46.WhatdotheresearchresultsofIgNobelPrizeshaveincommon?A.Theyarerelatedtoeverydaylife.B.Theysolveproblemsinpeople’swork.C.Theyseemunexpectedbutmeaningful.D.Theyareridiculousandhardtounderstand.DSharentingIt’stheholidayseason,thetimewhenweconnectwithfamilyandfriends.SocialmediasiteslikeTwitterandFacebookarefulloffestivepictures,featuringparents’catchingandsharingthosespecialfamilymoments,theirchild’swishlist,andmaybeevenacutevideooftheirchilddancingto"JingleBellRock"whilewearingadiaper〔尿片andSantahat.Swellingwithpride,parentscan’twaittogetapprovalwitha"thumbsup"orbetteryetapersonalizedmessageontheirtreasuredpost.Adultsshouldbeabletopostwhattheywantonline.However,whenexposingfamilymomentsonline,aretheysharingtoomuchinformation?Doparentshavetherighttosharethosecutenow,butembarrassinglatermomentsaboutkids?Havechildrenwillinglygiventheiragreementtosharingtheircutebutfunnyvideoonline?Arecentstudyfoundthat75%ofparentsturntosocialmediaforparenting-relatedinformationandsocialsupport.Thereisevenatermusedtodescribetheoveruseofsharingtoomuchinformationaboutkidsonsocialmedia:"sharenting".Researchalsofindsthat"sharenting"isn’tgoinganywhereanytimesoon.What’stroublesomeisthatatypicalparenthasabout150Facebookfriendsandonlyathirdofthemareactualfriends.Sothatbringsupgoodquestions–Whoarewereallysharingourinformationwithandwhy?Whoknowswhenandwherethatphotocouldresurfaceinthefuture?Whilethere’snoreliableinformationonhowyoungchildrenfeelaboutthingspostedonline,wedohaveinformationabouthowteensfeel.AccordingtoareportbytheFamilyOnlineSafetyInstitute,76%ofteensareconcernedabouttheirprivacy.Manyteensconstantlysearchfornewappsthatallowanonymity.Whennamesarerequired,theyusescreennamesthatdon’trevealrealinformation.Ifourteensaredoingabetterjobofprotectingthemselvesonline,shouldn’tparentstaketheleadanddothesame?Plus,withmoreandmorecollegeadmissionrepresentativesandpotentialemployerssurfingtheinternetforpotentialcandidates,we’dhateforoneofourpoststochangeanimportantdecision.Thinkaboutit…onlinereputationsarenowbecominginseparablewithreallifeones.Ofcourse,wecansecureourprivacysettings,onlyallowingourfriendstoviewpictures,postsandvideos,butthatdoesn’tstopothersfromuploadingourpictures.Adultsneedtobecautiousofsharinginformationonline,especiallyinformationaboutchildren.So,thisholidayseason,enjoyfamilytimeandsharethosespecialmemorieswithfamilyandfriends.Beforeclickingtheapptouploadphotosorvideos,stopandthinktwice.47.Whichofthefollowingbehaviorsis"sharenting"?A.Agirlattendsaliveperformanceonline.B.Afathertellshisson’sstorytohiscolleagues.C.Amotherpostsherbaby’spicturesonFacebook.D.Aboyinviteshisfriendstohisbirthdaypartyathome.48.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"anonymity"inParagraph4mean?A.One’srealname. B.Usingstrangenames.C.Unchangeablenames. D.Beingunknownbyname.49.What’stheauthor’sattitudetoward"sharenting"?A.Sympathetic. B.Negative. C.Neutral. D.Unconcerned.50.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Tostateanargument. B.Tosupportanopinion.C.Tocomparedifferentideas. D.Toquestionapointofview.第二节〔共5小题；每小题2分,共10分根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Inallourliveswemustmakechoices.Youmakechoicesfromthetimeyougetoutofbedinthemorninguntilyougotosleepatnight.Whattimetogetup?Whattowear?Whattoeat?Youalsomakemoresignificantchoiceswhenyougraduatefromhighschool.51College?Technicaltraining?Nomatterthesizeofthedecision,thecommonthreadinallofthemisthattheyinvolveanopportunitycost.Opportunitycostisyournextbestalternative–yoursecondchoice.Forexample,it’saSaturdaynight,andyouaretryingtodecidebetweengoingtothemovies,hangingoutatfriend’shouseorgoingtothefootballgame.52Whatisyoursecondchoice?Ifitisthefootballgame,thenthatisyouropportunitycost.Opportunitycostisimportant.Whenyoumakeacertainchoice,itforcesyoutothinkmorecriticallyaboutalloftheabandonedchoices.Byrecognizingopportunitycost,youcandecidewhetheryourdecisionisworthit.53Asahighschoolsenior,youfaceseveraloptions,includinggoingtocollege,goingtotechnicalschool,orgoingtotheworkforce.Ifyouchoosecollegetheopportunitycostislosingwhatcouldhavebeenpurchasedorsavedwiththemoneyspentontuition〔学费,housing,books,etc.forfouryears.54Youwouldalsolosefouryears’worthofincomeandexperiencethatyoucouldhaveearnedifyouhadgonestraighttowork.However,itisstillthecasethatcollegegraduatesearnmorethanhighschoolgraduates.55But,likealldecisions,itisonethatshouldbearrivedatonlyafterlookingatthecosts–includingtheopportunitycost–andconsideringthefollow-upquestion:isitworthit?A.Willyougostraighttowork?B.Whatcausesopportunitycost?C.Butthat’snottheendofthecosts.D.Supposeyoudecidetogotothemovies.E.Ifyougiveupcollege,whatdoyoulose?F.Aperfectexampleisthedecisiontogotocollege.G.Formanystudents,goingontocollegeisawisedecision.第三部分：书面表达〔共两节,35分第一节〔15分你的美国笔友Jim来信询问中国教师节的情况。请你给他回信,内容包括：1.教师节的时间；2.学生向教师表达祝福的方式；3.庆祝教师节的意义。注意：1.词数不少于50；2.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。DearJim,______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua〔请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内第二节〔20分假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序,给学校英语报投稿,介绍你们上个月开展的一次班级活动。注意：1.词数不少于60；2.开头已给出,不计入总词数。Lastmonth,wewenttotheexhibitiondisplayingChina’soutstandingachievementsoverthepastfiveyears.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________