where 用法讲解导学案-高考英语二轮复习

高中英语导学案：高中英语语法分类讲解高中英语语法分类讲解：where的基本用法及练习考情分析：在教育部最新修订（2017年版2020年修订）的《普通高中英语课程标准》中，副词以及主从复合句是所考查的高中英语语法的重要考的。where既可以做特殊疑问副词，也可以在主从复合句中引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句和定语从句。学情分析：在高中英语语法中，where用法繁多，成为许多学生学习的难点。本文针对where的用法，进行了分类总结与分析，并配以适当的练习。希望对同学们的英语语法学习给予有效帮助。where的基本用法：=1\*ROMANI.从所表达的意思角度看，主要有两种用法：1.在句子中，where用作作特殊疑问副词，意思是“哪里，什么地方”。例如：1）Wheredid

you

catch

the

fish?

你在哪儿捕到了这条鱼？2）WherewewillgothisSundayhaven’tbeendecidedyet.这个星期天我们去哪里还没有决定。

3）Can

you

guess

where

I'vebeen?

你能猜出我去什么地方了吗？4)Wehaven'tyetsettledthequestion

wherewearegoingtospendoursummervacation.

我们到哪里去度暑假的问题还没有解决。5)Totellyouthetruth,Idon’tknowwheretogo.说实话，我不知道该去哪里。

2.在句子中，where表示地点的副词，意思是“……的地方；在那里；在这里”。例如：1）ThisisthehousewhereIhavelivedfortwentyyears.这就是那座房子，在这里我住了二十年。

2）Youcangowhereyouwanttogo.你可以去你想去的地方。3）ThisvillageiswhereIgrewup.这个村庄就是我长大的地方。=2\*ROMANII.从where作为从句引导词角度看，可以引导如下几种从句类型：1)where用作引导主语从句,意思是“哪里，什么地方”。例如：WherewewillgothisSundayhasn’tbeendecidedyet.这个星期天我们去哪里还没有决定。

2）where用作引导宾语从句,意思是“哪里，什么地方”。例如：Can

you

guess

where

I'vebeen?

你能猜出我去什么地方了吗？3）where引导表语从句,意思是“……的地方；在那里”。例如：ThisvillageiswhereIgrewup.这个村庄就是我长大的地方。4）where引导的同位语从句，意思是“哪里，什么地方”。例如：Wehaven'tyetsettledthequestion

wherewearegoingtospendoursummervacation.

我们到哪里去度暑假的问题还没有解决。

讲解：本句中疑问副词where引导的从句，与其前面的名词thequestion是同位关系，thequestion的具体内容就是where引导的从句，因此，where引导的是同位语从句。5）where引导定语从句,意思是“……的地方；在那里”。例如：ThisisthehousewhereIhavelivedfortwentyyears.这就是我住了二十年的房子。

6）where引导地点状语从句,意思是“……的地方；在那里”。例如：Youcangowhereyouwanttogo.你可以去你想去的地方。7)where后跟动词不定式，意思是“哪里，什么地方”。例如：Idon’tknowwheretogowhenwearrivetherewithoutyou.=3\*ROMANIII.where引导的定语从句应注意的问题：当where引导定语从句时，表示地点或者处所的先行词要要定语从句中作状语；如果其在定语从句中做主语，则用which或that。例如：1）ThisistheschoolwhereIwasstudyingwhenIwasalittleboy.这是我小时候就读的学校。

讲解：在句子中，where代替intheschool，在定语从句中作状语，因此用where引导定语从句。2)Thisistheschoolwhich/thatwevisitedlastyear.这就是我们去年参观过的学校。

讲解：在句子中，which/that代替先行词school，在定语从句中作visited的宾语，因此用which/that引导定语从句。单句语法填空对比练习：1)Aftertea,theywentintoaroom_____therewasalargeandbeautifulpiano.2)Thisistheroom_____mygrandmausedtolive.3)Thisisthemostbeautifulpark_____Ihavevisited.4)Itwasthepark_______hefirstmethiswife.5)Therearemanyplaces________wecanvisit.答案：1)where2)where解析：考查定语从句.句意:这是我奶奶过去住的房间.先行词为room,关系词在定语从句中作地点状语,故用关系副词where.3)that/不填4)where解析：考查定语从句。句意：那是他第一次遇见他妻子的公园。此处thepark是先行词，在后面的定语从句中作地点状语，定语从句由关系副词where引导。故填where5)that2.当where引导定语从句时，其先行词可以是表示地点的名词，也可以是表示处所的family,situation,condition,environment,atmosphere,letter,job,experiment,stage,point,activity,position,centre,case,process等等。如：1)Thisistheclassroomwheretheoldsoldierisgoingtogiveusaspeech.这就是那个老兵要给我们演讲的教室。

2)TheVoiceofChinahassetupastagewheresomepeoplecanachievetheirdreams.中国好声音为一些人搭建了一个实现梦想的舞台。

3)Wehavecometoapointwhereeveryonehasdifferentopinionsanditisdifficulttoreachanagreement.我们已经到了每个人都有不同意见的地步，很难达成一致。

讲解：在这些例句中，where在定语从句中作状语。where具有双重作用：作为关系副词，where作定语从句的引导词;作为地点副词，where在其引导的定语从句中作状语。因此，在定语从句中使用where时，where在定语从句中一定是作表示地点或者处所的状语。单句语法填空对点练习：1)Studentsshouldinvolvethemselvesincommunityactivities___________theycangainexperienceforgrowth.2)Hemadeeveryefforttoseekaposition_______________hecouldgetahighersalaryandaquickpromotion.3)Canyouimagineasituation______thisidiomcanbeused?4)Thetreatmentwillcontinueuntilthepatientreachesthepoint_____hecanwalkonhisown.5)Self-drivingisanarea_____Chinaandtherestoftheworldareonthesamestartingline.答案：1)where

2)where3)where解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是表示抽象地点的名词situation，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where，表示"在该情况下"。4)where

解析：句意为:治疗会一直持续到病人可以独自走路为止。_____hecanwalkonhisown是定语从句,修饰先行词point,且从句中不缺少主干成分,关系词在从句中作地点状语,表示抽象的地点,所以应用关系副词where引导。5)where=4\*ROMANIV.where引导定语从句与引导状语从句的区别：where引导定语从句时，其前有表示地点的名词，即定语从句的先行词,相当于介词+代替处所的关系代词which；where引导地点状语从句时，其前没有表示地点的名词，也就是说没有引导定语从句的先行词；在这样的情况下，where相当于in/attheplacewhere。如：1）Mygrandfathergrewupinthevillagewherehewasborn.讲解：句中“Mygrandfathergrewupinthevillage"这一部分是该句的主句，where到句子最后是定语从句，where前有表示地点的名词village,这个名词就是定语从句的先行词。2）Mygrandfathergrewupwherehewasborn.讲解：句中“Mygrandfathergrewup"这一部分是该句的主句，where到句子最后是地点状语从句，where前没有表示地点的名词;在这样的情况下，where相当于in/attheplacewhere。单句语法填空对点练习：1)Theschoolwasbuilt________therehadbeenatheatre.2)Itisanimportantdocument.Keepit________youcansee.3)Whilereading,itisnecessarytomakeamark________youhaveanydoubtsorquestions,whichisbeneficialtoyourEnglishstudy.4)Mybookwasmissingyesterday.Luckily,Ifoundit_________IhadleftitwhenIreturnedtotheplayground.5)__________thereisawill,thereisaway.6.Doyourememberthescene____________CaoCaoandLiuBeiweredrinking?7)Thisistheclassroom_____theoldsoldierisgoingtogiveusaspeech.8)WhenIarrived,myfriendtookmetoseethehouse_____Iwouldbestaying.where引导的表语从句：1)Doyouremembertheparkinglotnearthecinema?Thatis_____________Imether.2)Grandmapointedtothehospitalandsaid,"That's_____Iwasborn."3)Whynottryyourluckdowntown，Bob?That’s____________thebestjobsare.where引导的主语从句：1)___________helivesisnotknowntoanyone.2)__________Ispendmysummerisnobusinessofyours.3)________wewillgoforthesummerholidayhasn’tbeendecidedyet.where引导的宾语从句：1)Idon'tknow_______Luxunoncelived.2)Shewasfreetogoto_______shelikedanddowhatsheliked.where引导的同位语从句：1)Wehaven'tyetsettledthequestion_______wearegoingtospendoursummervacation.

2)Ihavenoidea_______theyarespendingtheirholidays.where用法综合练习=1\*ROMANI.单句语法填空：（1）1.Aftertea,theywentintoaroom_____therewasalargeandbeautifulpiano.2.Thisistheroom_____mygrandmausedtolive.3.Thisisthemostbeautifulpark_____Ihavevisited.4.Itwasthepark_______hefirstmethiswife.5.Therearemanyplaces________wecanvisit.6.MostoftheEnglishlearnersliveinplaces________Englishisnotthemainlanguage.7.Theoldtownhasnarrowstreetsandsmallhousesarebuiltclosetoeachother.8.Thehouse_____Ilivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.9.Wevisitedthefactory_____makestoysforchildren.10.Heisnowworkinginthefactory______hisfatherworked.11.Finallyhereachedalonelyisland_________wascompletelycutofffromtheoutsideworld.12.Thenextday,mybrotherandIwenttotheisland______

wewatchedsomepeopleplayvolleyball.13.Guilinisoneofthemostbeautifulcities________Ihaveevervisited.14.Mr.Smithreturnedtothesmallcity_____hegrewupasachild.15.Hegotintoadangeroussituation____________hemightlosehislife.16.Weareinclosecontactwithlocalauthoritiesanditisasituation__________wewillkeepaverycloseeyeon.（2）1.Studentsshouldinvolvethemselvesincommunityactivities___________theycangainexperienceforgrowth.2.Hemadeeveryefforttoseekaposition_______________hecouldgetahighersalaryandaquickpromotion.3.Canyouimagineasituation______thisidiomcanbeused?4.Thetreatmentwillcontinueuntilthepatientreachesthepoint_____hecanwalkonhisown.5.Self-drivingisanarea_____Chinaandtherestoftheworldareonthesamestartingline.6.Youneedtobeawarethattherearesomecases___________thisruledoesnotholdgood.7.We'reinastage

____it'sstilltooearlytosaywhowillwinthemostvotesandbecomethenewpresident.8.Therearemanygoodwebsites______________youcancheckoutthelatestnewsinthescienceworld.9.Hewrotealetterheexplainedwhathadhappenedintheaccident.10.Nowadayspeoplearemoreconcernedabouttheenvironment___________theylive.11.Creatinganatmosphere

__________

employeesfeelpartofateamisabigchallenge.12.Theyhopedtofindanewcontinent_________theythoughtexistedintheIndianorPacificOcean.13.Themuseumwaslocatedontheexactspot__________thegoldwasfirstdiscovered.14.Thearea theexplosionoccurredwasclosedoffbythepolice.15.She’sgotherselfintoadangeroussituation she’slikelytoloseherjob.16.Iamdoingajob____________Ihaveanopportunitytocommunicatewithpeoplefromdifferentbackgrounds.（3）1.Theschoolwasbuilt________therehadbeenatheatre.2.Itisanimportantdocument.Keepit________youcansee.3.Whilereading,itisnecessarytomakeamark________youhaveanydoubtsorquestions,whichisbeneficialtoyourEnglishstudy.4.Mybookwasmissingyesterday.Luckily,Ifoundit_________IhadleftitwhenIreturnedtotheplayground.5.__________thereisawill,thereisaway.6.Whengottothemountain,Istood________therewasatemple,enjoyingthesunrise.7.Thefamousscientistgrewup________hewasbornandin1930hecametoShanghai评析：句8.Shefound

herpassportwhereshelostit.9.Myfathergrewup____________hewasborn.

10.Takehim___________itissafe.

=2\*ROMANII.语篇语法填空：（1）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ItisafactthatfamilyspendingoneducationinChina①________(increase)inthepastdecade.Alargenumberof②________(factor)contributetotheever-increasingeducationspending,“lettingchildrenwinatthestartingline”beingoneofthem.Manyparentsspendalotofmoneyonpre-schooleducation,③________(send)kidstothebestkindergartens,thetuitionfeesofwhicharemuchhigherthan

④________ofuniversities.Choosingbetterprimaryschoolsalsotakesmoney.Normally,students⑤________(expect)toattendschoolswithinthedistrictwheretheylive.⑥________,manyparentsprefertosendtheirchildrento

⑦________better-knownschoolinotherdistrictsregardlessofthelargesumof“donation”.Apartfromformaleducation,parentsalsopayforvariousafter-schoolprograms,

⑧________commonpaintingordancingclassestoexpensiveoverseassummercamps.Thereisnothingwrongwithparents'passionforeducation,butparentsshouldkeepinmindthatspendingmoneydoesn't⑨________(necessary)guaranteeabettereducationforchildren.Moneyshouldbeput

​⑩________itmattersmost.（2）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Whatdefinesahealthycity?Isitaplacewithalotofopenspaces①______peoplecanexerciseandenjoythefreshair?Aplacewithlittleornopollution?Aplaceinwhichpeoplecan

②______(free)socializeandexpresstheirideas?Perhaps,it’sallthatplusmore.Otherconsiderationsaretheavailabilityofhealthandfitnessfacilities,anexcellenthealthcareprogramandsincereeffortsby③______localgovernmenttoactivelypromotehealthandwellnessamongitscitizens.Ofallthecitiesintheworld,oneofthetopsix④______(healthy)citiesisCopenhagen,Denmark.Copenhagenerslovetowalk.Foottrafficaccounts⑤______80%ofalltrafficintheCopenhagencitycenter.Thosewhoprefercanalsobike.ItisestimatedthatmorethanathirdofallworktripsinCopenhagen⑥______(carry)outonabike.Asfortheclimatehere,thecitydoesnothavetheblessingofpleasantweatherallyearround.⑦______everythingstartstofreeze,itturnsseveralcitysquaresintohugeskatingfields.Thefrozenpartsofthecityalsomake⑧______easierforresidentstoskatearound.Thecityalsohasmuseumsandartgalleriesforthekidsand⑨______(grown-up).IthastheRoyalDanishAcademyofFineArtandtheRoyalLibraryhousedinarathergrandbuilding⑩______(call)theBlackDiamond.=3\*ROMANIII.翻译下列句子:1.有志者事竟成。(where引导状语从句)2.那是我父亲工作的大楼。(where引导定语从句)3.司机问我想上哪儿去。(where引导宾语从句)4.书在你原来放的地方。(where引导表语从句)5.她回到她妈妈坐的地方。((where引导介词to的宾语从句))6.请呆在原处。(where引导状语从句)

参考答案：=1\*ROMANI.单句语法填空答案：（1）1.where2.where解析：考查定语从句.句意:这是我奶奶过去住的房间.先行词为room,关系词在定语从句中作地点状语,故用关系副词where.3.that/不填4.where解析：考查定语从句。句意：那是他第一次遇见他妻子的公园。此处thepark是先行词，在后面的定语从句中作地点状语，定语从句由关系副词where引导。故填where5.that6.where

解析：考查定语从句。句意：大多数英语学习者生活在英语不是主要语言的地方。分析句子结构可知此处为定语从句，先行词为地点名词places，设空处在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where。7.that/which8.where9.that/which10.where11.which/that解析：句意:他最后到了一座完全与外面世界隔绝的孤岛上。本题考查定语从句。定语从句修饰的先行词是island,将先行词代入定语从句后为:Theislandwascompletelycutofffromtheoutsideworld.由此可见先行词在定语从句中作主语,且先行词表“物”,故用that或which。12.where解析：考查定语从句。句意：第二天，我和弟弟去了海滩，在那里观看了一些人打排球。设空处引导定语从句，先行词为地点名词thebeach，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故应用where。13.that14.where15.where16.which/that（2）1.where

2.where3.where解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是表示抽象地点的名词situation，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where，表示"在该情况下"。4.where

解析：句意为:治疗会一直持续到病人可以独自走路为止。_____hecanwalkonhisown是定语从句,修饰先行词point,且从句中不缺少主干成分,关系词在从句中作地点状语,表示抽象的地点,所以应用关系副词where引导。5.where6.where解析：考查定语从句。句意:你要知道有些情况下,这条规则不适用。分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句修饰先行词cases(抽象的地点名词),并在定语从句中作地点状语,故用关系副词where,相当于inwhich,意为“在这些情况下”。7.where解析：考查定语从句.句意:我们处于这样一个阶段:要说谁将得票最多并成为新总统还为时尚早.先行词为stage,关系词在定语从句中作地点状语,故用where.8.where

解析：句意为:有许多好的网站,在上面你可以查阅科学界的最新消息:先行词为websites,将先行词代入定语从句后为youcancheckoutthelatestnewsinthescienceworldonthewebsites。由此可知引导词在定语从句中作地点状语,故填where。9.where

解析：考查定语从句。句意:他写了一封信,在信中他解释了那场事故发生的事,分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,指代先行词Imer,且从句中缺少地点状语,故填where。10.where

先行词为environment,定语从句中缺状语,故用where引导。11.w