虚拟语气1课件

虚拟语气语气:是说话人的口气。陈述语气:一般用来叙述事实或提出疑问，广泛用于陈述句、疑问句、感叹句等。祈使语气:主要用于祈使句，是说话人向对方下达命令、指示、提出要求、劝告等所用的动词形式。虚拟语气:是说话人为表示一种假设的情况，一种主观的愿望，即认为动词所表示的动作或状态并非事实或主观设想时所用的动词形式。英语语气有三种：陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气。（一）if引导的虚拟条件句条件从句虚拟条件从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式与现在事实相反过去式（be动词一律用were）would/should/could/might+动词原形与过去事实相反Haddonewould/should/could/might+havedone与将来事实相反1.过去式2.shoulddo3.weretodowould/should/could/might+动词原形1.表示与现在事实相反(1)如果他是你，他就不会做。Ifhe_______you,he__________doit.(2)如果我有时间，我也会来。IfI_______time,I_______come,too.werewouldnothadwould2.表示与过去事实相反(1)如果你早问我，我就向你解释了。Ifyou__________me,I___________________ittoyou.(2)如果他没来，我可能就有麻烦了。Ifhe____________,I________________introuble.hadaskedwouldhaveexplainedhadn’tcomemighthavebeen练习：1.IfMarywereathome,she__________________(answer).2.IfIhadnotseenitwithmyowneyes,I___________________________(notbelieve).3.Iftherewerenothingimportant,I_____________(go)tothecinemawithyounextSunday.4.IfI__________(have)enoughmoneywithmenow,Icouldbuythedictionary.5.Ifthemanager__________(be)intheoffice,Iwouldhaveseenhim.6.IfI_______(go)theretomorrow,Iwouldseehim.7.Ifshehadworkedharder,she________________________(succeed).8.IfI______(be)you,Iwouldnotgo.wouldnothavebelievedwouldanswerwouldgohadhadbeenwentwouldhavesucceededwere注意：(1)虚拟条件句中，如果有were,should或助动词had,可以省略if，而把were,should,或had移到主语之前形成倒装，仍然是相同含义的虚拟条件句。1.IfIhadworkedhard,Iwouldhavesurelysucceeded._________________,Iwouldhavesurelysucceeded.2.Ifitshouldhappen,whatwouldyoudo?________________,whatwouldyoudo?3.IfIwereyou,Iwouldgo.___________,Iwouldgo.HadIworkedhardShouldithappenwereIyou(2)有时主句与从句所指的时间不一致，这时主句从句的时态要根据实际的时间来确定。1.如果她当时听医生的话，她现在会好的。Ifshe______________(follow)thedoctor’sadvice,she__________(be)quiteallrightnow.

wouldbehadfollowed2.如果你昨天问他，你就知道现在该怎么做了。Ifyou___________(ask)himyesterday,you_____________whattodonow.hadaskedwouldknow(3)含蓄虚拟语气结构：有时假设的条件不通过条件从句表达出来，把虚拟条件隐含在某些介词短语（如：without,butfor（要不是因为）,otherwise等）或上下文里，这时主句仍要用相应的虚拟结构。1.Butforyouradvice（=Ifyouhadn’tgivenmeadvice），Iwouldhavefailed.如果不是你的建议，我当时会失败的。2.Withoutyourhelp(=Ifyouhadn’thelpedus),wecouldn’thavefinishedtheworkontime.没有你的帮助，我们无法按时完成这个工作。与现在事实相反：我希望全年是春天。Iwishit________(be)springalltheyearround.与将来事实相反：我希望你和我们一起去。Iwishyou___________(go)withus.与过去事实相反：我多么希望我过去多学一些呀。IwishI______________(learn)more.werecouldgohadlearned三、在advice,demand,idea,order,plan,requestsuggestion,proposal等表示要求、建议、命令等意义的名词后接表语从句或同位语从句时，谓语动词用shoulddo，should可以省略。1.他的意见是我们应该讨论这个报告。Hisideaisthatwe_______________(discuss)thereport.shoulddiscuss2.有命令传来马上派这些医生去那儿。Thereisanorderthatthedoctors___________________(send)thereatonce.（should）besent四、Itis/was＋adj.（important,necessary,strange,imperative,advisable,better,surprising）等接从句，谓语动词用shoulddo，should可以省略。1.有必要马上送他去医院。Itisnecessarythathe_______________(send)tohospitalatonce.shouldbesent2.很奇怪，没人帮助他竟然通过了考试。Itisstrangethathe__________________(pass)theexamwithoutanyhelp.shouldhavepassed3.与别人用英语交谈是很重要的。Itisimportantthatyou________________(talkwith)othersinEnglish.shouldtalkwith五、Itis/wasapity(ashame,aregret,nowonder,anhonour)等接从句词用shoulddo，should可以省略。1.真遗憾，你开会迟到了。It’sapitythatyou______________(belate)forthemeeting.2.与你在这里谈话真是荣幸。

It’sanhonorthatI____________(talkwith)youhere.shouldbelatetalkwith六、Itis/was+过去分词（suggested，ordered，decided,required,advised,demanded,requested）等接从句，谓语动词用shoulddo，should可以省略。1.命令马上用飞机把药物送往那里。Itwasorderedthatthemedicines__________(send)therebyplane.besent2.决定运动会推迟到下周。Itwasdecidedthatthesportsmeet____________________(putoff)untilthenextweek.

(should)beputoff七、在wouldrather或wouldsooner等表示“宁愿---”的宾语从句中，与现在或将来事实相反谓语动词用过去式，与过去事实相反用haddone表示虚拟。1.我宁愿你现在知道那件事。Iwouldratheryou__________(know)thatnow.knew2.我愿意他们喝咖啡。Iwouldratherthey________(drink)thecoffee.drank3.你愿意让我告诉他吗？WouldyousoonerI________(tell)him?told八、Itis(high)timethat----“到---的时候了”从句谓语动词用过去式表示虚拟。1.是该我们上课的时候了。Itistimethatwe______(have)aclass.had2.是该我接我小女儿的时间了。ItistimethatI___________(pickup)mylittledaughter.pickedup十、用在incase,lest,forfearthat引起的从句中表示“以防，以免”，从句谓语动词常用shoulddo他总是随身带雨衣，以防下雨。Hetookhisraincoatwithhimincaseit_____________(rain).shouldrain十一、shouldhavedone过去应该做而未做到shouldn’thavedone过去不该做的事而做了needn’thavedone做了不必要做的事情1.你犯了几个错误。你本该小心些的。You’vema