英美概况美国文化2课件

Media,Sports,ScienceArt,Music,Film,LiteratureMediaMedia–themainmeansofmasscommunicationTelevision–bothbroadcastandcableRadioNewspapersInternetMedia“Media”isaplural/collectivenoun.Thesingularformis“medium”.Examplesentences:Themediaareanimportantcheckongovernmentmisconduct.ThemediainAmericahaverecentlybeendoingapoorjobofunbiased1reporting.1unbiased–showingnoprejudice.Impartial;fairandbalanced.

MediaTheMSMareconsideredbymanypeopletohavealiberal1bias.BecauseofpoliticalcorrectnessinAmerica,manyliberalpeoplenolongerdescribethemselvesasliberal.Theynowusetheword“progressive”.1liberal–opentonewbehaviororopinionsandwillingtodiscard traditionalvaluesMediaWhatistheoppositeofliberal?ConservativeHoldingtotraditionalattitudesandvalues,andcautiousaboutchangeorinnovation–typicallyinrelationtopoliticsorreligion.MediaAlternative1

MediaAlsoreferredtoas“NewMedia”Ondemand2accesstocontent,suchasdigitalservices(Internet,websites,computermedia,etc.)Doesnotnecessarilyimplyliberal/conservativebias1Alternative–availableasanotherpossibility2Ondemand–assoonasorwheneverrequiredTelevisionMajorTelevisionNetworksCBS–ColumbiaBroadcastingServiceNBC–NationalBroadcastingCompanyABC–AmericanBroadcastingCompanyThemajortelevisionnetworkshavebeenlosingtheirdominanceandinfluenceinrecentyears.ThisislargelyduetothegrowthofcableTV,aswellastheInternet.NewspaperCirculationYearTotalDailyNewspaperCirculation(inmillions)196058.8197062.1198062.2199062.3200055.8201044.1201540.0Theprimarysourceofnewspaperincomeisadvertising–intheformof"classifieds"orinsertedadvertising–ratherthancirculationincome.However,sincethelate1990s,thisrevenuesourcehasbeendirectlychallengedbyWebsites(forexample,eBay).RevenueforSpectatorSports

(asof2015)Sport/LeagueAnnualRevenue(Billions)Football/NFL$13.0Baseball/MLB$9.5Basketball/NBA$5.2Hockey/NHL$3.7FootballBaseballHockeyCommonexpressionsthatcomefromBaseballHitahomerun/hititoutofthepark–acompletesuccess“Ilovedthespeechyougaveinclassyesterday.Youreallyhititoutofthepark!”Intheballpark/aballparkfigure–anapproximation;withinanumericalrangethatisconsideredreasonable“Canyougivemeaballparkfigureonhowmuchthisnewcarwillcost?”Strikeout/Struckout–tofail“Itriedmybesttogethertogooutonadatewithme.ButIstruckout.”Notfrombaseball:Strikeout–startoutonaneworindependentendeavor“Aftermanyyearsofworkingforalargecompany,Idecidedtostrikeoutonmyownandstartabusiness.”CommonexpressionsthatcomefromBaseballHaveastrikeagainstyou/twostrikesagainstyou–tobeatadisadvantage/greatdisadvantage“Shewasbornwithtwostrikesagainsther–shewaspoorandgrewupinaroughneighborhood.Amazingly,sheturnedouttobeagreatsuccess.”CommonexpressionsthatcomefromBaseballScienceNASAinnovations(newproducts&improvementstoexistingproducts)InvisiblebracesScratchresistantlensesMemoryfoamEarthermometerShoeinsolesLong-distancetelecommunicationsAdjustablesmokedetectorSafetygroovingCordlesstoolsWaterfiltersArt18th&early19thCenturiesArtwasonemeansofrecordingthehistoryofthenewnation.Thus,mostearlyAmericanartconsistedofhistory

paintingsandportraits.ArtAbstract1ExpressionismThismovementinAmericanartstartedintheyearsafterWorldWarII.Althoughthistypeofarthadmanywidelydifferentstyleswithinit,thereweresomecommonpoints.Moststylesabandonedformalcompositionandrepresentationofrealobjects.1Abstract–dealingwithideasratherthanhavingaphysicalorconcreteexistence.PopArtEmergedinthelate1950’s(intheUSA).Includesimageryfrompopularculturesuchasadvertising,news,comicbooks,andmundane1culturalobjects.Thisstyleofartwasareactionagainsttheelitismofabstractart.AndyWarhol(1928–1987)wasAmerica’sleadingfigureinthepopartmovementofthe1960’s.1Mundane–lackinginterestorexcitement.Dull.MusicBeforethe20thCentury–Churchmusic(psalmbook/hymnal/hymns)1910’s–BallroomDancing1920’s&1930’s–JazzBornoutofamixofAfricanandEuropeanmusictraditions.Heavyuseofimprovisation1andsyncopation21950’s&1960’s–Rock‘nRoll1970’s–Disco,Rock(Hard,Country,Folk,etc.)1Improvisation–create&performmusicspontaneously,withoutpreparation2Syncopate–displacethebeatsinmusicsothestrongbeatsbecomeweakandviceversa.DiscoMusicFilmHollywood(California)AlthoughHollywoodisthecitywheretheAmericanfilmindustrybegan,itisoftenusedtorefertothewholefilmindustry,ortothesubculture1thatitrepresents.1Subculture–aculturalgroupwithinalargerculture,oftenhavingbeliefsorintereststhataredifferentfromthoseofthelargergroup.FilmAcademyAwards/OscarsThemostprominentfilmawardsinAmericaAn“Oscar”isastatuette.TheAcademyofMotionPictureArtsandSciencesGoldenGlobeAwardsTheHollywoodForeignPressAssociation(HFPA)Awardsareforbothfilmandtelevision.Theorganizationdonatesmoneytoentertainment-relatedcharities,scholarships,etc.OscarStatuetteGoldenGlobeAwardFilmAwardsFilmAnimation/AnimatedFilmsTherapiddisplayofasequenceofimagestocreatetheillusionofmotion.Cartoons,computeranimation,etc.FilmAveragePriceofaMovieTicketinAmerica$8.66(estimated,2016)(about¥57.75)Pricesinbigcities,orforspecialmovies(forexample,3-D)cancostmuchmore–asmuchas$15to$20!!!Drive-inMovieTheatersLiteratureWashingtonIrving(1783–1859)America’sfirstinternationallybest-sellingauthor.Famousforshortstories“TheLegendofSleepyHollow”and“RipVanWinkle”.Inadditiontowritingfiction,hewasalsoabiographerandhistorian.Advocatedforwritingasalegitimateprofession.LiteratureSamuelL.Clemens/MarkTwain(1835–1910)Penname1isMarkTwain.Twainwasahumorist,andalsoapublicspeaker.Famousfor“TheAdventuresofTomSawyer”anditssequel“TheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn”.HuckFinnisconsideredthefirst“GreatAmericanNovel”,andistypically“requiredreading”forhighschoolstudents.1Penname–anassumednameusedbyawriter.LiteratureRobertFrost(1874–1963) TheRoadNotTaken Two

roadsdivergedinayellowwood, AndsorryIcouldnottravelboth Andbeonetraveler,long