图表作文-精讲版课件

书面表达系列训练

—图表题的写作方法高考书面表达题不仅考查考生写的方面的微技能，而且考查考生观察、分析、理解、解决问题的能力以及综合运用语言的能力。纵观历年来的书面表达题可以看出，看图作文作为一种较好的题型，得到了命题人员的青睐，但是图表题类书面表达对于培养和考查学生运用语言解决实际问题的能力，也不失为一种好题型。对于图表题，考生只有具有扎实的语言基础知识，能够灵活运用语言的交际性、逻辑性和变通性才能组织出一篇优秀的书面表达。图表题不象文字表述题和看图作文题形象直观、要点明了，它需要考生通过观察和分析图表，提炼要点，然后组织表达材料。从审题的角度看，图表题要难于另外两种题型。那么怎样做图表题呢？现以一篇图表题为例谈谈练笔技巧。一、审题抓要点

1、

紧扣图表中的转折点。2、

获取提示中的说明点。(e.g.①In1959percapitaincomewasnomorethan300Yuan.②Thepeasantsearnedabout200Yuanin1969.③Greatchangeshavetakenplacesince1978.④In1989people’spercapitaincomereachedalmost1,000Yuan.⑤Percapitaincomewasmorethan2,000Yuanin1999.)(e.g.⑥It’sasmallvillagewithhighmountainsaroundit.⑦Thepeasantsplantappletreesandgrowwheat.⑧Therearesixtrucksinthevillage.⑨Allthepeasantsliveahappylifeintheirownnewbuildings.)二、扩充连成文

It’sasmallvillagewithhighmountainsaroundit⑥.Itwaspoorfortyyearsagoin“RedFlagVillage”.Thereweremorethantwohundredpeoplethere.Percapitaincomewasnomorethan300Yuaninayear①.Butthepeasantsearnedlessin1969②.Theygotpoorer.Greatchangeshavetakenplacesince1978③.Thepeasantsbegantoplantappletreesandgrowwheat⑦ontheirownfarms.

Bytheyear1989people’spercapitaincomehadreachedalmost1,000Yuan④.Nowthey’remuchricherthanbefore.Percapitaincomewasmorethan2,000Yuanin1999⑤.Theyhavesixtrucks⑧andsometractors.Allthepeasantsliveahappylifeintheirownbuildings⑨.三、定篇细查看

一篇初步完成的语篇还要经过修改和审阅，才能最后定稿。怎样修改？一方面平时养成写后复审自校的习惯，另一方面，还要掌握一些修改自校的方法。比如：1、词法、句法有无问题；2、要点和细节有无遗漏；3、拼写、标点有无错误；4、字数是否符合要求等等。这样，临考时才能真正做到沉着而不慌，冷静而有序，应考时才能应付自如，落笔成文。柱状图表题

写作方法与曲线形图表题类似，分别将各柱所说明的信息作为要点逐一描述，若是新旧对比的柱状图表题，可将同一类型的放在一起对比阐述，也可按时间顺序一块一块地阐述。请看以下一例：

【Onepossibleversion】Seniormiddleschoolstudentswereheavilyburdenedwithallkindsofhomework.Becauseofvariousexaminations,theyspentabout6.5hoursintheirclassroomsaday.Athome,about3.5hourswerespentontheirhomeworkandthereforemostofthemgotlessthansevenhours’sleepanight,withonlyaboutthreehours’freetimeforotherthings.Asaresult,theirhealthwasbadlydamaged.Nowthingsaregettingbetter.Aboutfivehoursarespentinclassandhoursforhomeworkareshortenedtoabouttwosothattheyhavetwomorehours’sleepandalsotwohours’freetimetodowhatevertheylike.(NO.17)ThetwographstellustherelationshipbetweenlungcancerandsmokinginChina.Ascanbeseenfromthegraphs,theyshowthatfrom1900to1980,thenumberofyoungsmokersincreasedfromaroundamillionto55million.Inthesameperiod,thecasesoflungcancerincreasedatanevengreaterrate.In1900,therewereabout40,000lungcancerpatientsaged20-30.Butby1980therewasabout110,000peoplewithlungcancer.Howterrible!Weallknowthatlungcancerisaterriblediseasewhichhasalsobeenprovedtobecloselyrelatedtosmoking.Therefore,topreventlungcanceranddecreasethepossibilityofsuchdiseases,pleasestopsmokingrightnow.2004年北京高考Chart1showsthedailyaverageamountoftimethestudentsoftheschoolspendondifferentafter-classactivities.Thestudentsputthemosttime－93minutes－intotheirhomework,andnextinlineiswatchingTV,whichtakesup46minutes.Theyputinaboutthesameamountoftimelisteningtomusicandworkingonthecomputer,34minutesand30minuteseach.While25minutesisspentonsports,only12minutesgoesintohousework.AsisshownonChart