2023版高三一轮总复习英语外研版课时分层作业5　Into the wild

课时分层作业（五）.阅读理解A（2021•河d匕省九本交联考）Summeristhattimeofthisyearwheneveryonelongstoescapefromtheboringactivitiesoflife.Sobringyourkidstojoinustohavefuninthesummercamp.OutdoorWordGameAllyouneedtodoissetupmanyhugelettersthatcanbeeasilymoved.Theseletterswillhelpkidsspelloutcertainwords.Teenagerswouldalsolovesomethinglikethisasitgivesthemtheopportunitytoinvesttheirtimeinlearningnewwords.SprayPaintingTobringoutthecreativityinaperson,anactivitycenteredonspraypaintingistheperfectwaytogetthosecreativejuicesflowing.AllyouneedtodoisprovideplainwhiteT-shirtsandsomecansofcoloredspraypaint.Itwillbequitesurprisingtoseesomeoftheoriginalideasthatwillflowfromindividuals.OutdoorTwisterApersonwillbeinchargeofmonitoringthegameandwillcalloutcolorswhichcanbeplacedoutdoors.Participantshavethetaskofplacingeithertheirhandsorlegsonthesamecolor.Afunandexcitinggamefocusesonhand-eyecoordination（协调）.TheMaze（迷宫）Oneofthemostfungamesisthehallwaymazegamewhereamazeisconstructedfromeithertoiletpaperorstringsofpaper.Thechosenparticipantisthenaskedtomakehiswaythroughthemazewithinalimitedtimewithouttouchingpaper.Thisisoneofthebestandentertainingsummercampideasforbothkidsandadults.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几项富有特色的夏令营活动，包括户外单词游戏、喷绘、迷宫等。Whichgameisofbenefittochildreninlearningnewwordsaccordingtothepassage?A.TheMaze.【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了目标实现的要求和方法。D［考查上下文衔接。空前一句说明了目标实现的要求，D项介绍了目标实现的进一步要求，D项中的it指代上句中的“Goalachievement",所以选D项。］E［考查上下文衔接。空前一句提到其他人能以恰当的方式认识到你自己通常不能认识到的长处，E项“听他们是怎么说你的长处和缺乏的”衔接上文，符合语境。］G［考查上下文衔接。根据空后一句中的“beinganartistoranovelist”并结合空前一句的例子“ifyouaregoodatdrawing,thinkaboutcareersinvisualdesign"可推知，空处应列举了如果在写作方面有优势的话可以怎么做，所以选G项。］B［考查段落小标题。结合空处所在位置和文章结构可知，空处为段落小标题。结合本段内容可知，本段主要讲到目标实现过程中的障碍，故B项“找出可能影响你的目标的障碍”适合作本段小标题。］F［考查上下文衔接。根据本段小标题可知，本段内容与自信有关，F项说明了自信的重要性，所以选F项。］SprayPainting.OutdoorTwister.OutdoorWordGame.D［细节理解题。根据题干关键词learningnewwords定位至第二段中的t€Theseletterswillhelpkidsspelloutcertainwords...learningnewwords."，据“匕可知，户外单词游戏有助于孩子学习新单词，故D项正确。］Whatmaybethepurposeoftheactivity“SprayPainting”?Itmayimprovekids'hand-eyecoordination.Itmaybringlotsoffuntokids.Itmayimprovekids*creativeability.Itmayincreaseindividuals'originalideas.C［细节理解题。根据题干关键词purpose和SprayPainting定位至第三段第一句“Tobringoutthecreativityinaperson,anactivitycenteredonspraypaintingistheperfectwaytogetthosecreativejuicesflowing.据此可知，喷绘活动的目的是激发孩子的创造力，故C项正确。］WhatistheruleofTheMazegame?Participantsmustbeteenagersorkidsonly.Participantsmustdothegameoutdoors.Participantsmustusetheirhandsorlegs.Participantsmustavoidtouchingtheconstruction.D［细节理解题。根据题干关键词theruleofTheMazegame定位至尾段第二句"Thechosenparticipantisthenaskedtomakehiswaythroughthemazewithinalimitedtimewithouttouchingpaper.据此可知,迷宫游戏的规那么是参与者被要求在限定的时间内穿过迷宫，不触摸纸。故D项正确。］B(2021•武汉市质"S"检测)A15-year-oldColoradohighschoolstudentandyoungscientistwhohasusedartificialintelligence(AI)andcreatedappstoaddresspolluteddrinkingwaterandothersocialproblemshasbeennamedTimemagazine,sfirst-ever“KidoftheYear”.RaotoldTheAssociatedPressinaninterviewfromherhomethattheprizeis“nothingthatIcouldhaveeverimagined.AndI'msogratefulandjustsoexcitedthatwe'rereallytakingalookattheupcominggenerationandourgeneration,sincethefutureisinourhands.”TimesaidRaostoodoutforcreatingaglobalcommunityofyounginnovatorsandinspiringthemtopursuetheirgoals.Raoinsistedthatstartingoutsmalldocsn'tmatter,aslongasyourepassionateaboutit.ShetoldTimecontributingeditorAngelinaJolieinaninterviewthathersciencepursuitsstartedearlyasawaytoimprovesocialconditions.ThedrinkingwatercrisisinFlint,Michigan,inspiredhertodevelopawaytodetectpollutantsandsendthoseresultstoamobilephone,shesaid.“Iwaslike1()whenItoldmyparentsthatIwantedtoresearchcarbonnanotube(纳米管)sensortechnologyattheDenverWaterqualityresearchlab,andmymumwaslike,'Awhat?'"RaotoldJolie.Shesaidthatwork“isgoingtobeinourgeneration?shandsprettysoon.Soifnooneelseisgonnadoit,I'mgonnadoIt.Inaworldwherescienceisincreasinglyquestionedorchallenged,Raoinsistedthatitspursuitisanactofkindness,thebestwaythatayoungergenerationcanbettertheworld.“Wehavescienceineverythingwe'reinvolvedin,andIthinkthat,sthebiggestthingtoputoutthere,thatscienceiscool,innovatingiscool,andanybodycanbeaninnovator,Raosaid.uAnybodycandoscience.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一名15岁的科罗拉多州高中生Rao利用人工智能开发出应用程序来解决一些社会问题的故事。WhatdidRaothinkoftheawardshereceived?Itwasamarkofsocialprogress.Itwasarecognitionofherwork.Itwasaninspirationtotheyouth.Itwasatitlebeyondherexpectations.D［细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“nothingthatIcouldhaveeverimagined”可知，Rao认为这个奖项是她无法想象的东西，显然Rao认为这个奖项出乎她的意料(beyondherexpectations)。故正确答案为D。］WhywouldRaostarttopursuescience?Toencouragepeopletoaimhigh.Topursueherpassionforresearch.Tochangethesocietyforthebetter.Tostopsciencefrombeingquestioned.C［细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的"ShetoldTimecontributingeditorAngelinaJolieinaninterviewthathersciencepursuitsstartedearlyasawaytoimprovesocialconditions.”可知，Rao在接受《时代》杂志撰稿编辑AngelinaJolie采访时说，她早期的科学追求就是为了改善社会状况。显然Rao的目的是“让社会变得更好”。选项C中的"changethesocietyforthebetter”和文章中的improvesocialconditions表达的意思一致。故正确答案为C。1WhichwordcanbestdescribeRao?A.Cool.B.Kind.C.Independent.D.Creative.D［推理判断题。根据题干“用哪个词可以最好地描述Rao”可知，显然我们要用具体事实来推断出Rao的性格。根据文章第一段中的''createdappstoaddresspolluteddrinkingwaterandothersocialproblems”以及最后一段中的“thatscienceiscool,innovatingiscool,andanybodycanbeaninnovator可以推断出，Rao是一个有创造力的孩子，故正确答案为D。］What'sthepurposeofthetext?Toreportayounggenius.Tointroducenewinventions.Toimprovesocialconditions.Topresentartificialintelligence.A［写作意图题。根据文章内容可知，文章主要讲述了一名15岁的科罗拉多州高中生Rao用人工智能开发出应用程序来解决一些社会问题，她被《时代》杂志评为有史以来首位“年度儿童二故A项"报道一位年轻的天才"正确。］(2021•嘉兴市教学测试)Oneofthecostsofbeingaloverofoldtreesistheall-too-frequentlossofabeautifulsoulyou'vegrownfondof.Lastsummerwasharderthanmostforoldtreesandtheirhumansupporters.Thespring5snon-stoprainfloodedsoilsandcausedrootsystemsofmanylarge,oldtreestorotinpart.Then,whenthesummercame,treescouldnottapdeepsourcesofwaterthatwouldnormallyhavemaintained（维持）them.Manyvaluableoldtreesdied.WhenIvolunteeredfortheMountRainierTreeCommission,Iheardfrommanypeopleconcernedabouttheirtrees.Wehadlittletoofferthem.That，sbecausepublicandprivateurbantreeresourcesandprogramswereaimedalmostentirelyatplantingtreesbutnotalmaintainingtrees.NostateorprovinceprogramthatIcouldfindprovidedanyfinancialresourcesformaintainingtreehealth.Smallandunder-resourcedcitiessuchasourswereontheirown.Thisisbackward.Scientistsarelearningthatlarge,oldtreesarethemostvaluable,especiallyincities.Theyputonwoodfastestandtakethemostcarbonoutoftheair.Theyharborthemostwildlife.Theycanlowersummertemperaturesby20degreesormore.Inarecentstudy,researchersfoundthatBostonwouldgetmorebenefitfromkeepingthetreesithasalivethanfromplantingnewtrees.There*sreasontothinkthisfindingwouldapplyinothercities,too.Now,ourpublicandprivatetreeprogramsoftenignoreoldtreesuntilitistoolate.Aslongasweabandonouroldtrees,plantingmoreismerelytokeeppacewithgrowinglosses.Wcwanttreestohelpprotectus,butwcleavethemunprotected.Considerthisinthehumanworld:Nobodywouldsendababyintotheworldandexpectittojustmakeit.Childrenneedcaringforanditswhywehaveschoolsandchildhealth-insuranceprograms.Wecouldgetsomuchmoreoutofourtreesifwejustputalittlemoreintothem.【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了老树给我们带来的很多好处。Whatdoestheunderlinedpartinparagraph1suggest?Strongdeterminationtoplanttrees.Realregretatgrowingoldtrees.Greatconcernabouttreeproblems.Deeploveforvaluableoldtrees.D［推理判断题。画线局部的上文说的是“成为老树爱好者的代价之一就是经常失去……”，画线局部的字面意思是“一个你喜爱的美丽灵魂”，又结合第一段最后一句"Manyvaluableoldtreesdied”即可推断，美丽的灵魂说的就是珍贵的老树，因此画线局部说的是对珍贵的老树的热爱，故D项正确。］Whywastheauthoralmostpowerlesstohelppeopleworriedabouttheirtrees?Theurbantreeprogramswerefacedwithfinancialproblems.Theauthor*sknowledgeofmaintainingtreehealthwaslimited.Thefocusofthetreeresourcesandprogramswasontreeplanting.Theorganizationtheauthorvolunteeredforwasshortoftreeexperts.C［细节理解题。根据题干中的“worriedabout”定位到第二段中的“Iheardfrommanypeopleconcernedabouttheirtrees”，根据该处的后两句可知，作者几乎无能为力的原因是“公共和私人城市树木资源和工程几乎完全是为了种树，而不是维护树木”，故C项正确。］Theauthorarguesinparagraph3paringdifferentcasespresentingresearchfindingsreferringtoscientists，sayingscarryingoutsomeexperimentsB［推理判断题。通读第三段可知，本段主要通过呈现研究发现说明了老树带给我们的好处，文中“Scientistsarelearningthat''和"Inarecentstudy,researchersfoundthat”是提示，故B项正确。］Whydoestheauthorgivetheexampleofnursingbabiesintheend?Tostresstheimportanceoftreeinsuranceprograms.Toshowthecloseconnectionbetweentreesandbabies.Toadvocateprotectingtreesashumanscareforbabies.Topersuadehumanbeingstopaymoreattentiontobabies.C［推理判断题。作者在最后一段提到我们想要树木保护我们，但我们却不保护它们，紧接着作者打了一个比方：人们生下婴儿后不可能对其不管不顾就期望婴儿能成功，孩子需要照料，我们就有了学校和儿童健康保险工程，由此可推知，作者提到照料婴儿是为了提倡人们要像照顾婴儿那样保护树木，故C项正确。］D（2021•石家庄市质量检测）Theterm"birdbrain,,isfrequentlyusedtodescribeaperson?slackofintelligenceandgooddecision-makingability.However,somescientistsbelieveitshouldbeconsideredpraise,giventhatmanybirdscanperformhumantaskslikeproducingandusingtools,solvingproblems,andplanningforfutureneeds.Now,Griffin,anAfricangreyparrot,hasprovedthatbirdsmayevenpossessbettervisualmemoriesthanhumanadultsandchildren.Thestudy,ledbyHragPailian,aresearcheratHarvardUniversity,hadtheparrotcompeteinthegameagainstIwenty-oneundergraduatestudentsandtwenty-one6-8-year-oldchildren.Thepopularchallengeinvolveshidingasmallobjectunderoneofthreeormoreupturnedcups,whicharemovedaround.Participantsarerequiredtoaccuratelyidentifythecupunderwhichtheobjectlies.Tomakethetaskmorechallenging,theresearchersrequiredparticipantstotracktwo,three,andfourobjectsatthesametime.AnanalysisoftheresultsshowedthatGriffinoutperformedthe6-8-year-oldsacrossalllevelsonaverage.Evenmoreimpressive,the“birdbrain”performedaswellas,orslightlybetterthanthe21Harvardstudentson12ofthe14trials!Itwasonlyinthefinaltwotests,whichhadthemostobjectsandmostmovements,thattheparrotfellbehindtheadults.However,Griffin，sperformancewasneverbelowthatofthechildren.Griffinwasthecandidateofchoicebecausethescientistsneededananimalthathadbrainfunctionalitysimilartothatofhumans."Thefactthatthesmartparrotlovestoshowoffitsbrainpowerinexchangeforafewcashews（腰果）didnothurteither,saidIrenePepperberg,aHarvardlecturer,whohastrainedGriffinandseveralotherAfricangreyparrots,hasbeenstudyingthespeciesforoverfourdecadesandisconsideredapioneerinthestudyofbirdintelligence.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章指出鸟类可能拥有比儿童和成年人更好的视觉记忆。Whatweretheparticipantsrequiredtodointhestudy?Identifydifferentkindsofobjects.Tellwherethehiddenobjectlies.Trackotherparticipants,performance.Moveupturnedcupsaround.B［细节理解题。根据第二段第三句"Participantsarerequiredtoaccuratelyidentifythecupunderwhichtheobjectlies.“可知，B项正确。］Whatdidtheresultsofthestudyindicate?6-8-year-oldsdidbetterthanGriffin.Parrotshaveabettermemorythanotherbirds.Harvardstudentshaveabettervisualmemory.GriffinoutsmartedHarvardstudentsinsometrials.D［细节理解题。根据第三段笫二句可知，在14次测试中有12次，鹦鹉都表现得像21名哈佛学生一样好，或者说鹦鹉表现得更好一点，应选D。］WhywasGriffinchosenfortheexperiment?Itwasgoodatmakingdecisions.Itwasspeciallytrainedforexperiments.Ithadbrainfunctionssimilartohumanbeings'.Itlovedtoshowoffitslanguagepowerforsometreats.C［细节理解题。根据第四段第一句"Griffinwasthecandidateofchoicebecausethescientistsneededananimalthathadbrainfunctionalitysimilartothatofhumans.“可知，C项正确。］Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?“Birdbrain”becomesatermforastupidpersonAHarvardlecturerleadsthewayinbirdintelligencestudyAparrotoutsmartedHarvardstudentsinthevisualmemorytestResearchersmadenewdiscoveriesabouthumanintelligenceC［标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了一项研究发现，即鸟类甚至可能拥有比成年人和儿童更好的视觉记忆，在视觉记忆测试中，一只鹦鹉甚至胜过了哈佛学生，应选C。］II.阅读七选五（2021•重庆市七校联考）Toachievesomethinginlife,youwillneedtoidentifyimportantlifegoalsandcreateaplanofaction.Goalachievementinvolvesclarityofpurpose,continueddetermination,andarewardsystemthatkeepsyouonyourintendedpath.1Clarifyyourlifegoals.Youmaybeenthusiasticaboutobtaininganadvanceddegree,startingafamily,creatingasuccessfulbusinessorwritingabook.Askyourselfwhatreallymakesyouhappyandtrytofollowyourhappiness.Rec