学位英语定语从句

学位英语定语从句

一个美丽的女孩

abeautifulgirlbeautiful（形容词作前置定语）一个穿白色衣服的女孩agirlinwhiteinwhite（介词短语作后置定语）一个正唱歌的女孩agirl issinging

whoissinging（定语从句，修饰或限定名词girl）定语是句子成分之一，可以由单词、短语或从句担当，对名（代）词修饰和限制。常有形容词充当，（另外名词、数词、非谓语动词（短语）、介词短语也可以担当定语。）且单个词作定语一般前置，短语和从句作定语常后置，翻译成“……的1.Themanisafarmer.2.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.合并句子:Themanwho

isspeakingatthemeetingisafarmer.定语从句概念:在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子.(Attributiveclause)Maryisabeautiful

girl.Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.形容词作定语句子作定语,修饰girl,叫做定语从句先行词关系词定语从句Maryisagirlwho

haslonghair.关系代词关系副词which,who,whom,whose,thatWhere,when定语从句TheRestrictiveAttributiveClause限制性定语从句TheNon-RestrictiveAttributiveClause非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句对先行词起修饰限制作用；非限制性定语从句对先行词起补充说明的作用。非限制性定语从句中，先行词与定语从句往往由逗号隔开。Hefailedinthematch,whichwasagreatpity.

定语从句的用法:当先行词是物时,用which

或that引导.Thesearethetreeswhich

wereplantedlastyear.当先行词是人时,用who,whom,

whose,that引导.who,whom,whose,that用法区别.who

作定语从句的主语或宾语.Themanwho

isspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.Themanisaworker.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.分解作主语Whom

作定语从句的宾语Thewomanwhom

theywantedtovisitisateacher.Thewomanisateacher.Theywantedtovisitthewoman.分解作宾语whose

作定语从句的定语.Iknowthegirlwhose

motherisateacher.分解Iknowthegirl.Thegirl’smotherisateacher.作定语that

可以作定语从句的主语和宾语.注意:

关系代词作动词宾语时可省略.Thewoman(whom/that)theywantedtovisitisateacher.Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.关系代词的实质amachinethemachineJointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.关系代词的实质amachinethat/whichJointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.关系代词的实质amachinethat/which关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.

关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.that/who/whomThegirl关系词的用法关系代词1.All______canbedonehasbeendone.2.Doyouhaveanything________youdon’tunderstand?thatthat先行词是all,everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,none等不定代词，引导定语从句用that关系代词1.ThisisthebestTV_______ismadeinChina.2.Thefirstmuseum_______hevisitedinChinawastheHistoryMuseum.thatthat先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用that。关系代词I’vereadallthebooks________youlentme.that先行词被any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all,very,only,last修饰时,引导定语从句用that。关系代词1.Thefamouswriterandhisworks_____theradiobroadcasthavearousedgreatinterestamongthestudents.2.Avictimisaperson,animalorthing______sufferspain,death,harm,etc.thatthat先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用that.关系代词1.Who_______youhaveeverseencandoitbetter?2.Who_______youaretalkingtoistheyoungfellow?thatthatWho做先行词时，引导定语从句用that1.YesterdayIboughtadictionary,_______costmemorethan100Yuan.2.MrSmith,______gaveatalkseveralmonthsago,willcomeagain.3.Myunclehascomebackfromabroad,______Ihaven’tmetforalongtime.关系代词whichwhoWho/Whom在非限制性定语句中，指物用which，指人用whowhomAs引导的非限制性定语从句Theearthisround,_____isknowntoall._____isknowntoall,theearthisroundas

定语从句在句首时只能用as,as具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的As

Thisisthesamebook

asIlost.ThisisthesamebookthatIlost.这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。这本书就是我丢的那本。As引导的限制性定语从句As引导的限制性定语从句

Thisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllike.Thisissointerestingabook_____wealllike.Thisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllikeit.Thisissointerestingabook____wealllikeit.asthatasthat这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。定语从句结果状语从句1.Herbag,in________sheputallhermoney,hasbeenstolen.2.Thisistheringon________shespent1000dollars.3.XiaoWang,with________Iwenttotheconcert,enjoyitverymuch.关系代词whichwhichwhom在介词后面，指事物用which，指人用whom关系副词

AfterlivinginParisfor50yearshereturnedtothesmalltown______hegrewupasachild.A.whichB.whereC.thatD.when

B先行词是表示地点的名词或含有地点意义的抽象名词，用引导定语从句,在从句做状语关系副词

Itwasanexcitingmomentforthesepeoplethisyear,______forthefirsttimetheirteamwontheWorldCup.A.thatB.whileC.whichD.whenD先行词是表示时间的名词，用when引导定语从句，在从句作状语。关系副词

Thisisthereason_______Ididn’tcomehere.A.whatB.whyC.whichD.whenB先行词是表示原因的词，用why引导定语从句，在从句作状语。whose引导的定语从句表示所属关系

Theriver_________banksarecoveredwithtreesflowstothesea.whose注意1区分where引导的定语从句和状语从句：Where前面有被修饰的地点名词时，是定语从句，否则是状语从句。Whenyoureadbooks,youhadbettermakeamarkatthespotwhereyouhaveanyquestions.Whenyoureadbooks,youhadbettermakeamarkwhereyouhaveanyquestions.状语从句定语从句注意2：指时间或地点作主语或宾语，用which或that引导定语从句。I’llneverforgettheday_________wefirstmetinthepark.I’llneverforgetthetime_________Ispentwithyou.I’llneverforgetthetime__________wasspentwithyou.Thisisthemuseum____________Ivisitedlastyear.whenwhich\thatwhich\thatwhich\that注意3：why引导的定语从句Thisisthereason＿＿(=forwhich)Ididn’tcomehere.Thereason__________shegavewasnottrue.which/thatwhy注意4：定语从句中的动词的数Heistheonlyoneinhisclasswho_______(have)gottheteacher’spraiseHeisoneofthestudentsinhisclasswho_______(have)gottheteacher’spraisehashaveSheheardaterriblenoise,______broughtherheartintohermouth.A.itB.whichC.thisD.that2.Heistheonlyoneoftheboyswho____thepianowell.A.playsB.playC.playingD.areplaying3.Inthedarkstreettherewasn’tasingleperson____shecouldturnforhelp.A.thatB.whoC.fromwhomD.towhom4.Thatscientist____workissuccessfulhasbeenmadeamodelworker.A.whichB.whoC.who’sD.whose1.Theyhavefourchildren,theyoungestof_____isaboy.2.That’llbethelastthing______I’lldotoyou3.HearrivedBeijingin1984______hewasalreadyinhisfifties.

4.Isthisthemuseum______theystayedyesterdayFillintheblankswhomthatwhenwhere真题解析Tedworkedlikeahorseinhisyouth,____contributedtohisgreatsuccesslaterasabusinessman.(2011/11)A.thatB.whoC.whatD.which

答案：D2.Thisisthesameknife____Ilostyesterday.(2011/11)A.whichB.whatC.likeD.as答案：D3.Thehouse____Igrewuphasbeentakendownandreplacedbyanofficebuilding.(2011/5)initinwhatinthatinwhich答案：D4.Thisisonlyoneofthelaundriesinthedistrict___modernequipment.thathaveWhichhaveThathasWhathas答案：C(2010/11)5.Manychildren,___parentsareawayworkinginbigcities,aretakengoodcareofinthevillage.theirwhoseofthemwithwhom答案：B(2009/11)6.Haveyouevervisitedthesummerpalace,___therearemanybeautifulhalls,bridgesandahugelake?WhichThatWhereWhen答案：C(2012/11)7.Tobehonest,today’sdinnerwasjustso-so.Itwasn’tsuchagoodone___promisedbytheboss.ThatWhichAsWhat答案：C8.____isknowntoall,theearthmovesaroundthesunonceayear.ThatAsWhatIt答案：B9.ThetravelersaregoingtoTaiwan,___theyplantostayfortwoorthreedays.ThatWhichWhenWhere答案：D(2014)10.MyfriendPeter,___hadbeenonavisittoAmerica,returnedyesterday.WhichThatWhoWhose答案：C(2015)定语从句的翻译根据统计，定语从句是学位英语考试中出现频率最高的一种结构。一般来说，定语从句一定要位于被修饰的词之后，也就是说只能作后置定语。定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。处理这两种结构时，我们需要采用不同的技巧。(一)限制性定语从句前置法

把与先行词意义联系紧密，结构短小的定语从句译成“的”的定语词组，放在被修饰词之前，变成单句。Readingtolearn,skimming,andscanningareallprocessesofreadingwhichaccordwithadifferentpurpose.研读，略读和查读都是根据不同的阅读目的而采用的不同的阅读过程。2.后置法：如果从句结构复杂，往往译成后置的并列分句。有时可以重复先行词，有时可以将先行词省略不译。Thesedecisionsconstitutethepurposeareadercanusetodirecthimselfthroughreading.所有这些决定共同组成了一个目标，读者可以利用这个目标指导自己进行阅读。3.融合法：把先行词译为分句的主语，把定语从句译为一个句子。Therearemanypeoplewhoareinterestedinthenewinvention.有许多人对这一新发明感兴趣。真题解析Manyhighachieveswholovetheircareersfeelthattheyarehappiestwhentheyareworkinghard.那些喜欢他们的事业并去等很高成就的人觉得他们努力工作时是最幸福的。2.Thescientistssaythatthosegesture,movementsandsoonhavemeaningwhichwordsdonotcarry.科学家们认为这些手势和动作等可以传达一些语言无法表达的意义。3.Therestthatyougetwhilesleepingenablesyourbodytoprepareitselfforthenextday.你从睡眠中所得到的休息能使身体为第二天的活动做好准备。4.Hegavemeafountainpen,whichIkepttothisday.他给了我一只自来水笔，我一直保存到今天1.这本小说，我已经看了三遍，很感人。Ihavereadthisnovelthreetimeswhichismoving。2.最近发生在日本的地震改变了地球表面。TheearthquakethatrecentlytookplaceinJapanhaschangedtheearth’ssurface3.他是第一个在月球上行走的人。Hewasthefirstmanwhowakedonthemoon.4.你能把昨天讨论的那本书借给我吗？Couldyoulendmethebookthat/whichyoutalkedaboutyesterday?5.想去图