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2023年职称英语等级考试大纲没有变化,2023年考试大纲仍可沿用,2023年职称英语等级考试教材在2023年根底上进行了调整与修订,与2023年教材相比,2023年职称英语综合类教材在词汇选项、阅读判断、概括大意与完成句子、补全短文四大题型上都没有变换,只有阅读理解与完型填空两个题型上有局部变化,以下是具体变化:综合类教材变化内容:阅读理解:第八篇(C级):TheStateofMarriageToday第三十八篇(B级):ExcessiveDemandsonYoungPeople第四十七篇(A级):SpoiltforChoice完型填空:第五篇(c级):WhyPeopleUsePseudonyms第十二篇(B级):SportorSpectacle?第十五篇(A级):LifeExpectancyintheLastHundredYears综合类阅读“TheBestWaytoReduceYourWeight〞被更新成了“SpoiltforChoice〞第八篇
TheStateofMarriageToday
Istheresomethingseriouslywrongwithmarriagetoday?Duringthepast50years,therateofdivorceintheUnitedStateshasexploded:almost50%ofmarriagesendindivorcenow,andtheevidencesuggestsitisgoingtogetworse.Ifthistrendcontinues.itwillleadtothebreakupofthefamily,accordingtoaspokespersonfortheNationalFamilyAssociation.Somefuturistspredictthatinl00years.theaverageAmericanwillmarryatleastfourtimes.andextramaritalaffairswillbeevenmorecommonthantheyarenow.
Butwhatarethereasonsforthis,andisthepicturereallysogloomy?Theanswertothefirstquestionisreallyquitesimple:marriageisnolongerthenecessityitoncewas.Theinstitutionofmarriagehasbeenbasedforyearspartlyoneconomicneed.Womenusedtobeeconomicallydependentontheirhusbandsastheyusuallydidn’thavejobsoutsidethehome.Butwiththerisingnumberofwomeninwell—payingjobs,thisisnolongerthecase,sotheydon’tfeelthattheyneedtostayinafailingmarriage.
Inanswertothesecondquestion,theoutlookmaynotbeaspessimisticasitseems.Whiletherateofdivorcehasrisen,therateofcouplesmarryinghasneveractuallyfallenverymuch,somarriageisstillquitepopular.Inadditiontothis.manycouplesnowcohabitanddon’tbothertomarry.Thesecouplesareeffectivelymarried,buttheydonotappearineitherthemarriageordivorcestatistics.Infact.morethan50%Offirstmarriagessurvive.Thestatisticsaredeceptivebecausethereisahighernumberofdivorcesinsecondandthirdmarriagesthaninfirstmarriages.
Soismarriagereallyanoutdatedinstitution?Thefactthatmostpeoplestillgetmarriedindicatesthatitisn’t.Anditisalsotruethatmarriedcoupleshaveahealthierlifethansinglepeople:theysufferlessfromstressanditsconsequences,suchasheartproblems,andmarriedmengenerallyconsiderthemselvesmorecontentedthantheirsinglecounterparts.Perhapsthekeyistofindoutwhatmakesasuccessfulmarriageandapplyittoallofourrelationships!
词汇:
Divorcen.离婚
Evidencen.证据,迹象
Futuristn.未来主义者
Explodev.激增,迅速扩大
Predictv.预言,预料,预报
Extramaritaladj.婚外的
Gloomyadj.阴暗的;令人沮丧的
Institutionn.制度,习俗
Outlookn.展望,前景
Pessimisticadj.悲观的
Cohabitv.同居
Effectivelyad.实际上
Statisticsn.统计,统计资料
Deceptiveadj.迷惑的,骗人的
Outdatedadj.旧式的,过时的
Indicatev.说明,暗示
Consequencen.结果,后果
Contentedadj.满足的,满意的
Counterpartn.对应的人(或物)
注释:
NationalFamilyAssociation:美国国家家庭联合会
练习:
1.WhichistrueabouttheproblemofmarriageintheUnitedStatestoday?
A)Divorceleadstothebreakupofthefamily.
B)Halfofthemarriedcouplesgetdivorced:
C)Americanpeoplemarrymorethanfourtimes.
D)Moreandmorepeoplearegettingdivorced.
2.Whatdoes“thisisnolongerthecase〞inparagraphtwomean?
A)Itisnotnecessarytogetmarriedanymore.
B)Womendonotneedahusbandanylonger.
C)Womenarenoteconomicallydependantanymore.
D)Manywivesdowell-payingjobsoutsidehomenow.
3.Whymaytheoutlookofmarriagenotbeasgloomyasitappears?
A)Manypeoplestillliketogetmarried.
B)Therateofdivorcehasactuallydecreased.
C)Over50%ofthemarriagescontinuetoexist.
D)Thestatisticsofdivorceisnotquitetrue。
4.Howdopeopleusuallyfeelintheirmarriagelife?
A)Theyaremuchhealthier.
B)Theyfeelnolongersingle.
C)Theyaremoresatisfied.
D〕Theysufferalotless.
5.WhichofthefollowingaboutmarriageisNOTmentionedinthepassage?
A)Therewillbemorerelationshipsoutsidemarriage.
B)Manypeopletrytogetmarriedagainafterdivorce.
C)Marriagehaslongbeenpartlyaneconomicalneed.
D)Itisafactthatmostpeoplechoosetogetmarried.
答案与题解:
1.D
从第一段里可以了解到选项A与C都是预计将来会发生的,而不是如今的情况。B选项与第一段第二句“almost50%ofthemarriagesendindivorce〞不符。第一段第二句里的“therateofdivorceintheUnitedStateshasexploded〞、“theevidencesuggestsitisgoingtogetworse〞话语正好说明了D选项的情况。
2.C
第二段第四句、第五句说得很清楚,妇女们如今在外工作在经济上不再依赖她们的丈夫,因此觉得无需维持行将失败的婚姻。
3.A从第三段里可以了解到离婚率并没有下降而是上升了,因此B选项不对。而C选项与第三段里“Infact,morethan50%offirstmarriagessurvive〞所说不符,该选项没有提到是第一次婚姻。同样,D选项在文中也没有说到,文中第三段的最后一句只是说统计数据具有欺骗性,而没有说数据失实。
4.C文中第四段第三句的后半句说得很清楚,结了婚的人比单身的人更满足。A,D选项提到的是实际情况而不是婚后人们的感觉,因此不对。文中并没有提到选项B所说的情况。
5.BA选项在第一段最后一句里提到了,C选项和D选项分别在第二段、第四段里提到了,而B选项却没有哪一段具体提到。
*第三十八篇
ExcessiveDemandsonYoungPeople
Beingabletomultitaskishailedbymostpeopleasawelcomeskill,butnotaccordingtoarecentstudywhichclaimsthatyoungpeoplebetweentheagesofeightandeighteenoftheso-calledGenerationM1arespendingaconsiderableamountoftheirtimeinfruitlesseffortsastheymultitask.Itarguesthat,infact,theseyoungpeoplearefritteringawayasmuchashalfoftheirtimeagainastheywouldiftheyperformedtheverysametasksoneaftertheother.
Someyoungpeoplearejugglinganeverlargernumberofelectronicdevicesastheystudy.Atthesametimethattheyareworking,youngadultsarealsosurfingontheInternet,orsendingoutemailstotheirfriends,and/oransweringthetelephoneandlisteningtomusicontheiriPods2
orOnanothercomputer.Assomenewdevicecomesalongittooisaddedtothelistratherthanreplacingoneoftheexistingdevices.
Otherresearchhasindicatedthatthismultitaskingisevenaffectingthewayfamiliesthemselvesfunctionasyoungpeoplearetoowrappedup3intheirownisolatedworldstointeractwiththeotherpeoplearoundthem.Theycannolongergreetfamilymemberswhentheyenterthehousenorcantheyeatatthefamilytable.
Allthiselectronicwizardryissupposedlyalsoseriouslyaffectingyoungpeople'sperformanceatuniversityandintheworkplace.Whenaskedabouttheirperceptionoftheimpactofmoderngadgetsontheirperformanceoftasks,theoverwhelmingmajorityofyoungpeoplegaveafavourableresponse.
Theresponsefromtheacademicandbusinessworldswasnotquiteaspositive.Theformerfeelthatmultitaskingwithelectronicgadgetsbychildrenaffectslaterdevelopmentofstudyskills,resultinginadeclineinthequalityofwriting,forexample,becauseofthelackofconcentrationontaskcompletion.Theyfeelthatmanyundergraduatesnowurgentlyneedremedialhelpwithstudyskills.Similarly,employersfeelthatyoungpeopleenteringtheworkforceneedtobetaughtalloveragain,astheyhavebecomedeskilled.
Whileallthismaybetrue,itmustbeborneinmind4thatmoreandmoreisexpectedofyoungpeoplenowadays;infact,toomuch.Praiseratherthancriticismisdueinrespectof5thewaytoday'syouthareabletocopedespitewhattheoldergenerationthrowatthem.
词汇:
excessiveadj.过多的,额外
interactvi.交流,沟通,互动
multitaskvi.同时进行多个任务
wizardryn.魔力,法术
supposedlyadv.据认为,据推测
hailvt.赞扬
performancen.表现,行为
claimvt.声称,主张
perceptionn.认识,看法,见解
considerableadj.相当大的,相当多的
impactn.影响,作用
gadgetn.小巧的机械装置
frittervt.消费,浪费
overwhelmingadj.压倒性的
jugglevt.耍弄,玩耍
majorityn.大多数
electronicdevicen.电子装置,电子仪器
academicadj.学术的,学校的
declinen.下降,衰退
surfvi.〔网上〕冲浪,漫游,浏览
concentrationn.专心,专注
indicatevt.说明,指出
remedialadj.补习的,补救的
affectvt.影响
deskilledadj.逐渐失去技能的
isolatedadj.鼓励的,与世隔绝的
dueadj.应有的,适当的
注释:
1.GenerationM:M代表multimedia。GenerationM即“多媒体时代〞,是指伴随着计算机和因特网的普及而成长起来的一代年轻人。他们多出生于1980年之后,热衷于计算机、因特网、视频游戏、智能。这些新媒体和传统媒体如电视、印刷品、音响制品结合起来,使得他们的世界异常丰富多彩。“多媒体时代〞的另一特征就是可以multitask,即多项任务同时进行,如他们可以_边上网冲浪、一边听着音乐、一边看着电视里的MTV、一边和朋友短信聊天、同时还做着自己的家庭作业。
2.iPod:美国苹果公司的一款音乐播放器,除了可以播放MP3音乐外,iPod还可以作为高速移动硬盘使用,可以显示联系人、日历和任务,以及阅读电子书和聆听有声电子书以及播客(Podcasts)。
3.bewrappedupin...注意力完全集中于……
4.bearinmind记住
5.inrespectof关于,就……而言
练习:
1.Accordingtoarecentstudy,whatisprobablytrueaboutthemultitaskingGenerationM?
A)Theyarehighlycommendedforbeingsoeffectiveandefficient.
B)Theywastemoretimethantheyshouldsave,contrarytocommonassumptions.
C)Theyshouldprioritizeandfocusonthemostimportanttasksonhand.
D)TheyneedtoimprovetheirorganizationalskillsSOastocompletealltheirtasks.
2.Withtheadventofnewgadgets,whatwillhappentoGenerationM'spresente-devices?
A)Theymakewayforthelatestandgreatestandareretiredbytheyoungpeople.
B)Theyareputawaytemporarilybutstayinrotationfortheirownerstochoosefrom.
C)Theybecomepartoftheeverincreasingcollectionofnovelties.
D)Theyareeithersoldortradedsothattheirownerscanupdatetheirtoysandhobbies.
3.HowwillmultitaskingaffectGenerationMadversely?
A)Itmakesthemfeellonelyandpitiful.
B)Itmakesthemaloofandelusivetofamilyandfriends.
C)Itmakesthemselfishandpossessive.
D)Itmakesthemimpoliteandungrateful.
4.Whatisthebiggestproblemformultitaskingundergraduatesinuniversities?
A)Theyshouldadjusttheiracademicattitudesseriously.
B)Theyshouldseekpsychologicalprofessionalsforassistance.
C)Theyshouldtakesomecrashcoursestocatchupwiththeirclassmates.
D)Theyshouldtryhardertofocusononetaskbeforemovingontothenext.
5.Indealingwithtoday'syouth,whatapproachshouldparentstake?
A)
Besupportiveandunderstanding.
B)
Berealisticandlowertheirexpectations.
C)
Beencouragingandlettheirchildrensticktotheiroldhabits.
D)
Bepatientandhopeeverythingwillworkoutjustfineeventually.
答案与题解:
1.B
从第一段第一句话中的"aconsiderableamountoftheirtime""fruitlessefforts''以及该段最后一句话中的"fritteringawayasmuchas…"可以进行同义替换,waste就是fruitless和fritter的同义词。
2.C
从第二段的最后一句话中的"addedtothelistratherthanreplacing"可以判断出,这些年轻人的电子设备是越来越多,而不是A被取而代之、8被轮流使用、D被出售或交换以便买更新的产品。
3.B
答案A是文字游戏,原文中"isolatedworlds"应该理解为孤立的世界,即单独“alone〞,而不是孤独“lonely〞。答案C说他们变得自私和占有欲强,想买更多电子产品,显然不对。答案D说他们变得不懂礼貌和不知感恩,均是对第三段最后一句话中的“nolongergreet〞和“norcantheyeatatthefamilytable〞的字面理解。答案B是两个近义词,重点在性格变化上,变得“假设即假设离,难以捉摸〞。
4.D答案A认为是态度问题,把客观问题主观化。答案B是遇到选项,试图用“remedialhelp〞误导大家联想到remedy一词,故引出psychologicalprofessional的曲解。答案C把第五段第一句中的“laterdevelopment〞和“declineinthequalityof…〞表象化,认为应该抓紧赶上同学〔catchup〕。答案D才是正确答案,问题症结在于multitasking难以让人集中注意力,造成浪费时间、影响表现等后果,这些前文均已提过。
5.A答案A把praise替换成了相对隐性的近义词。答案B只针对最后一段的第一句话,断章取义。答案C前半局部encouraging还算接近正确答案,后半局部那么成了鼓励“将错就错〞。答案D认为应采取"听之任之,“顺其自然〞的态度。
+第四十七篇
SpoiltforChoice
Choice,wearegivento1believe,isaright.Indailylife,peoplehavecometoexpectendlesssituationsaboutwhichtheyarerequiredtomakedecisionsonewayoranother.Inthemain2,thesearejustirksomemomentsatworkwhichdemandsomeextraenergyorbrainpower,orduringlunchbreakslikechoosingwhichtypeofcoffeetoorderorindeedwhichcoffeeshoptogoto.
Butsometimesselectingoneoptionasopposedtoanothercanhaveseriousorlifelongrepercussions.Morecomplexdecision-makingistheneitheravoided,postponed,orputintothehandsofthearmyofprofessionals,lifestylecoaches,lawyers,advisors,andthelike,waitingtolightentheemotionalburdenforafee2.Butforagoodmany4peopleintheworld,inrichandpoorcountries,choiceisaluxury,notaright.Andforthosewhothinktheyareexercisingtheirrighttomakechoices,thewholesystemismerelyanillusion,createdbycompaniesand
advertiserswantingtoselltheirwares5.
Themainimpactofendlesschoiceinpeople'slivesisanxiety.Buyingsomethingasbasicasacoffeepotisnotexactlysimple.Easyaccesstoawiderangeofconsumergoodsinducesasenseofpowerlessness,evenparalysis,inmanypeople,endingintheshoppergivingupandwalkingaway6orjustbuyinganunsuitableitemthatisnotreallywantedinordertosolvetheproblemandreducetheunease.RecentsurveysintheUnitedKingdomhaveshownthatasizeableproportionofelectricalgoodsboughtperhouseholdarenotreallyneeded.Theadvertisersandtheshareholdersofthemanufacturersare,nonetheless,satisfied.
Itisnotjusttheiravailabilitythatistheproblem,butthespeedwithwhichnewversionsofproductscomeonthemarket.Advancesindesignandproductionmeanthatnewitemsarealmostreadybythetimethatgoodshittheshelves7.Productsalsoneedtohaveashortlifespansothatthepubliccanbepersuadedtoreplacethemwithinashorttime.Theclassicexampleiscomputers,whicharealmostobsoleteoncetheyarebought.Atfirst,therewereonlyoneortwoavailablefromalimitednumberofmanufacturers,butnowtherearemanycompaniesallwithnotonlytheirownproductsbutdifferentversionsofthesamemachine.Thismakesselectionaproblem.Gonearethedayswhenonecouldjustwalkwitheaseintoashopandbuyonething8:nochoice,noanxiety.
Theplethoraofchoiceis.notlimitedtoconsumeritems.Withthegreatermobilitvofpeoplearoundtheworld,peoplehavemorechoiceaboutwheretheywanttoliveandwork--afairlyrecentphenomenon.Inthepast,nationsmigratedacrosshugeswathesoftheearthinsearchoffood,adventure,andmorehospitableenvironments.Wholenationscrossedcontinentsandchangedthefaceofhistory.Sothemobilityofpeopleisnothingnew.Thecreationofnationstatesandborders9effectivelyslowedthisprocessdown.butwhatisdifferentnowisthespeedatwhichmigrationishappening.
词汇:
spoilvt.使某人扫兴
irksomeaaj.令人心烦的
brainpowern.智能
optionn.选择
repercussionsn.(常指意料之外的)影响,后果
complexadj.复杂的
postponevt.&vi.延迟,延缓
professionaln.专业人士adj.内行的
coachn.教练员,指导
luxuryn.难得的享受
illusionn.幻觉,想象
waren.商品,货物
impactn.影响
anxietyn.焦虑,不安
consumern.消费者
inducevt.引起,导致
paralysisn.麻痹
unsuitableadj.不恰当的,不适宜的
uneasen.焦虑,不安
sizeableadj.相当大的,颇大的
proportionn.局部,比例
shareholdern.股东
manufacturern.制造商,厂家
nonethelessadv.然而,不过
availabilityn.可获得性,可使用性
versionn.版本
obsoleteadj.过时的,被淘汰的
plethoran.过多,过剩
phenomenonn.现象
migratevi.迁徙
swathen.大片土地
hospitable有利的,适宜的
skipv.跳过
obeseadj.肥胖的
metabolicadj.新陈代谢的
psychiatricadj.精神病的
abnormaladj.异常的
注释:
1.begivent0:倾向于
2.inthemain-.大体上,根本上
3.Morecomplexdecision-makingistheneitheravoided,postponed,orputintothehandsofthearmyofprofessionals,lifestylecoaches,lawyers,advisors,andthelike,waitingtolightentheemotionalburdenforafee.对于情况更复杂的决策,人们或者回避、拖延,或者求助于各式各样的专业人士--生活方式指导人员、律师、咨询师等等,而他们也正等着你付费来缓解心理重负呢。putAinthehandsofB由B为A做决策。thelike等等,诸如此类的(人或物)。
4.agoodmany:也可说agreatmany,
(用来强调所指数量)非常多的。
5.Andforthosewhothinktheyareexercisingtheirrighttomakechoices,thewholesystemismerelyanillusion,createdbycompaniesandadvertiserswantingtoselltheirwares.对那些自认为行使选择权的人来说,这整个体制不过是销售商和广告商为了卖货而制造出的人来说,这整个体制不过是销售商和广告商为了卖货而造出的一种幻觉而已。exerciseone’sright行使权力。
6.Easyaccesstoawiderangeofconsumergoodsinducesasenseofpowerlessness,evenparalysis,inmanypeople,endingintheshoppergivingupandwalkingaway.购物更便捷,商品更丰富,但这却让很多人感到不知所措,甚至麻痹,最后只好放弃挑选,一走了之。accessto…获得的渠道。
7.hittheshelves:上架,上市
8.Gonearethedayswhenonecouldjustwalkwitheaseintoashopandbuyonething.那种无它可选,轻松购物的日子一去不复返了。此句为倒装句。
9.nationstatesandborders:国家和疆域。
练习:
1.Whatisthedifferencebetweenthedecisiontoshopinacertainsupermarketandthedecisiontodropoutofcollegeaccordingtothefirstparagraph?
A)Theformerisarightwhilethelatterisnot.
B)Thelatterhasmoreimpactonlife.
C)Theformermayhappenformanytimesinlife.
D)Thelatterrequiresafee.
2.Whenpeoplecannoteasilydecidewhattobuy,whatistheleastpossiblechoice?
A)Giveup.
B)Walkaway.
C)Buyanunsuitableitem.
D)Seekadvice.
3.Whydoproductshaveshortlifespannowadays?
A)Theyaremoreoftenreplacedwithbetterones.
B)TheyhaveWorsequality.
C)Theyhavetoomanyversions.
D)Computertechnologyadvancestoofast.
4.Howdoesmigrationdifferfromthepast?
A)Peoplenowmigrateacrossthewholeearth.
B)Peoplenowmigrateforbetterlife.
C)Peoplenowhavemorechoiceaboutwheretomigrate.
D)Peoplenowmigrateforbetterenvironment.
5.Whichisthebestsummaryofthewriter'sattitudetowardschoiceinacommercialsociety?
A)
Morechoice,moreanxiety.
B)
Bettermorechoicethannochoice.
C)
Betternochoicethanmorechoice.
D)Allchoiceisnoteasy.
答案与题解:
1.B根据文章第一句话,这两种选择都是权利,所以A不对,选项C本身没错但文中丝毫未提及,选项D有可能发生,但不是绝对的。选项B符合Butsometimesselectingoneoptionasopposedtoanothercanhaveseriousorlifelongrepercussions的意思。
2.D第二段第三句提到了A、B、C三个选项,只有D没提到,这正是此题答案。
3.A第三段都是在讲商家为了销售更多的商品,不断推出新产品,老百姓不知不觉更换地更勤,所以一个商品的使用寿命就更短了。
4.C其它三个选项都不是新的特点,最后一段第三句话都有涉及。
5.A整篇文章都是在论述现代商品社会人们虽然选择更多了,但焦虑感也多了。其它三个选项文中都有提及,但不能代表作者整体的态度。
综合类类完形填空新增文章
第五篇
WhyPeopleUsePseudonyms
Youcan'tchoosethenameyouaregivenatbirth,butinmanycountriesyoucanchangeitlegallywhenyoureachadulthood.Ofcourse,mostpeopleneverchangetheirnames--1--theyfeelunhappyaboutthem.However,somepeopledo--2--thiscourseofaction—particularlyartists!Whatmakesanartistwanttochangetheirname?Sometimesit'sforpurely--3--
reasons,suchastheNobelPrizewinningpoetfromChile,NeflaliReyes.Hedidn'twanthisfatherto--4--hewaswritingpoetry,sohechangedhisnametoPabloNerudawhenhewasayoungman.--5--othertimesthereasonmayappeareccentric;takethecaseofthePortuguesepoetFernandoPessoa,--6--wroteunder75differentnames.Thereason?〞WhenIuseadifferentname,Ialwayswriteinadifferentway,"heexplained.Inmostcases,--7--,thereasonisforsocial,historical,political,orculturalreasons.Herearesomeofmost--8--:
Theperson'srealnameisjus--9--longanddifficulttoremember.Let'sbehonest,MadonnaLouiseCicconeisnotas–10--torememberasjustplain"Madonna".Andshortnamesaremucheasiertoremember:WilliamBradleybecameBradPittandEdsonArantesdoNascimentobecamePele.
Sometimesnamesarechangedformarketing–11--.Forexample,ifanamesoundstoo"foreign",itmaybechangedtosomethingthatismorerecognizableina–12--.Sointhefilmworld,RamonEstsvezadoptedthenameMartinSheen.Ormaybetheartist'sdoesn'tsoundveryattractive--ChadEverettdoes–13—alotbetterthanRaymondCramto.
Artistssometimes--l4--thenameofsomeonetheyadmire.RobertZimmermanchangedhisnametoBooDylanbecauseofhisadmirationfortheWelshpoet,DylanThomas.
Anotherreasonmaybepracticality:inthepast,womenfounditverydifficulttogetpublished.To–15--thissituationthey'ssituationtheysometimesgavethemselvesmen'snames,sotheEnglishauthorMaryAnnEvansbecameGeorgeEliot,andshedidgetherbookspublished!
词汇:
pseudonymn.假名,笔名
legallyad.法律上,合法地
eccentricadj.乖僻的,反常的
Portugueseadj.葡萄牙的,葡萄牙人的,葡萄牙语的
'
plainadj.清楚的,明白的
marketingn.推销,营销
recognizableadj.可识别的,可识别的
attractiveadj.有吸引力的,引人注目的
adoptv.采取,采纳
admireV.赞赏,钦佩
注释:
NobelPrize:诺贝尔奖
练习:
1.A)asif
B)as
C)evenif
D)even
2.A)take
B)make
C)do
D)have
3.A)private
B)individual
C)own
D)personal
4.A)understand
B)know
C)recognize
D)observe
5.A)At
B)On
C)In
D)During
6.A)whom
B)which
C)who
D)that
7.A)but
B)although
C)though
D)however
8.A)popular
B)common
C)ordinary
D)average
9.A)so
B)too
C)very
D)much
10.A)easy
B)short
C)simple
D)brief
11.A)aims
B)ends
C)goals
D)purposes
12.A、)market
B)film
C)country
D)business
13.A、)look
B)sound
C)appear
D)seem
14.A)choose
B)give
C)change
D)get
15.A)admit
B)assure
C)avoid
D)affect
答案与题解:
1.C
本句前半句提到"大多数人不会改名字",因此可以判断是选有让步转折意义的
"evenif'',其他的选项都没有这个意思,尤其要注意even是副词,不可以这样用于句首引出从句。
2.A
本句的意思是想说"有些人,尤其是艺术家们,会更改名字"。不过,本句没有直接说changetheirnames而是说采取行动,那么只能用take与action进行搭配,其他动词都不适宜。
3.D
根据后面suchas后所举的例子知道,某些人改名字完全出于个人的原因,应选择personal。private是指与公众无关的,私隐的;individual是与集体对立而言,个体的;而own那么必须放在物主代词的后面一起来表达属于某人的。
4.B
本句是想说他改名字是为了不让父亲了解到他在写诗这件事,因此选know。understand是理解的意思,recognize是认出,observe是发觉、观察到的意思。
5.A本句里的times是时机、场合的意思,atothertimes是表示“其他的情况〞,还有其他的固定搭配也是用at这个介词,如atalltimes,atthebestoftime等等,其他介词无此搭配。
'
6.C
本句是举葡萄牙人的例子来说明某些人更改名字的理由很奇怪,后半句是想说此人用过75个不同的名字。对本句结构做出分析后,应该是非限定性定语从句对此诗人做出补充解释,故用wh0。that不能用于非限定性定语从句,which那么不能表示人,只能表示物,whom是用来做宾格形式只能作宾语不能作主语。
7.D
如果注意到了此空前后的逗号的话就应该知道需要填一个副词来表示转折了,四个选项中只有however是副词,所以其他的选项都不对。
8.B
前一句刚说到大家改名字有社会、历史、政治、文化等方面的原因,通过下面几段里所给出的例子可以知道本句是想说“下面是几种常见的原因〞,所以选common用于指常常发生的情况,而popular是指大家都喜欢的,ordinary和average那么都是指没什么特别的。
9.B
根据后文,本句是想说某些人的名字太长、太难不好记住,是一个too…to…的结构,表达“太……而不能……〞的意思。
10.A.根据上下文知道,本句是想说简单明了的Madonna更容易记住。从本句中的plain一词可以断定不是想说长短,所以short和brief都不对,而simple那么是与复杂相对立的,因此选用easy一词与前句的difficult来对应,后一句话中的easiertoremember也可以帮助我们选择easy。
11.D
此题四个选项都能表示目的,但各有不同,aim是偏重于想要取得的目标;end往往表示最终目的,而且常常用于指与手段相对应的目的;goal那么更多的是指个人或者某群体决心要到达的目标,通常指一般的趋势或方向而没有最终的具体目标;而purpose那么主要是指所向往的结果,是行为、行动的缘由。
12.A根据前一句中的marketingpurposes一词可以判断此旬是想说把名字改成在市场上更好识记的,因此选market,而不是在某个国家、某部电影或者是某笔生意里更容易辨识。
13.B
根据前半句里的doesn'tsound可以判断此处应该选用sound来表示听上去怎样,其他三个选项里的词意上不恰当。
14.A从后面一句可以推断此句是想说艺术家有时候根据自己所欣赏的人的名字给自己取笔名或艺名。如果用give一词的话那么必须有themselves来作间接宾语,不然就不是给他们自己取名字了。也不能用change,但如果是changeinto的话还可以表示把名字改成别的名字,而get那么是“获得〞、“得到〞的意思,所以只能用choose来表示“选用〞的意思了。
15.C
本句是想说为了不让作品得不到出版的情况出现而取个男子的名字,因此选avoid。admit是成认的意思,assure是确认的意思,,affect那么是影响的意思。
+第十二篇
SportorSpectacle?
MuhammadAli1isprobablythemostfamoussportsfigureonearth:heisrecognizedoneverycontinentandbyallgenerations,Thediagnosisofhisillness--l—Parlonson’sdisease2afterhisretirementfuelledthedebateaboutthedangersofboxingandcriticism--2--thesport.That,plushisoutspokenopposition--3—women’sboxing,madepeoplewonderhowhewouldreactwhenoneofhisdaughtersdecidedtotake--4—thesport.HispresenceatLaila’sfirstprofessionalfight,--5--,seemedtobroadcastherfather'ssupport.OfcourseMuhammadAliwantedtowatchhisdaughterfight.Theringannouncerintroducedhimasthe"thegreatest"andashesatdownattheringsidethecrowdchanted.
Twenty-one-year-oldLaila'sdebutfightwasahugesuccessandtherewasasmuch
publicityforthefight--6--herfather'sfightsonceattracted.--7--,Laila'sopponentwasmuchweakerthanshewasandthefightlastedjust31seconds.Sincethen.Lailahaswonmostofherfightsbyknockingout3heropponent."Sheknows--8--she'sdoing,allfight,"saidonerefereeabouther."Sheknowsaboutmovingwell.Youcanseesomeofherdad'smoves."
LailaAli4wouldrathernotcompareherself--9--herfather.Shepreferstomakeherown--10--.Herfathersupportsherdecisiontoenterthesportbuthehasnotsparedherthedetailsofwhatcanhappen.Lailarealizesthatherfatherwantshertounderstandthe--11--possiblescenariotosee--l2--shestillwantstogoforwardwithit.Sheknowsshe'sgoingtogethithardattimes,thatshemaygetabrokennoseoraswollenface,butatleastsheispreparedforit.
Laila'sdecisiontostartboxing--l3--herfather’sstrugglewiththesymptomsofParkinson'sdiseasehasofcoursesparkedamixtureofdebateand--14--.ButLailaisafeistyanddeterminedindividualanditisthatasmuchasherfamouslastnamethathasmadeheramagnetforworldwidemediaattention.Ofcourse,the--l5--ontheboxingsceneofawomanwithherfamilyhistoryattractsevenmorequestionsaboutwhetherwomen'sboxingissportorspectacle.
词汇:
spectaclen.场面;景象
recognizevt.赏识;认可
continentn.洲,大陆
diagnosisn.(医学)诊断法
retirementn.退役;、退休
fuelvt.激起,加强,刺激
debaten.辩论;讨论,
criticismn.批评;批判;指责
outspokenadj.直言的
oppositionn.反对
reactvi.做出反响;回应
presencen.出席;到场
broadcastvt.传播(消息等)
ringn.拳击台
chantvi.(反复地、有节奏地)欢呼
debutn.(演员、运发动)首次亮相
publicityn.宣传;公众的注意
attractvt.吸引;引起注意
opponentn.对手;敌手
refereen.裁判员
comparevt.比较;对照
sparevt.省去,免除
scenarion.事态;局面
swollenadj.肿起的;浮肿的
symptomn.病症
sparkvt.导致,激起
feistyadj.个性强而好争辩的
magnetn.有吸引力的人
注释:
1.MuhammadAli:穆罕默德•阿里,世界上最伟大的拳击运发动之一。1999年,他被?体育画报?杂志评为本世纪最正确运发动。退出拳坛后,阿里一直致力于宗教、慈善事业和维护世界和平的工作,受到许多国家上至总统下至普通百姓的拥戴。然而,职业拳击生涯中他头部受到的29000屡次的重击,使阿里一直饱受帕金森综合症的困扰。
2.Parkinson'sdisease:帕金森综合症,又称震颤麻痹,是一种中枢神经系统变性疾病,临床表现有癫痫、偏瘫、头痛、共济失调、眼球运动障碍、言语不清、体位性低血压、痴呆等。随着病情的开展,穿衣、洗脸、刷牙等日常生活活动都出现困难。
3.knockout:(拳击术语)一拳击倒
4.LailaAli:莱拉•阿里,拳王阿里与他第三任妻子的女儿,1999年9月进入女子职业拳坛,并很快取得了较好的成绩。他曾说:“我不像拿自己和父亲作比较,我们是完全不同的。但有一点,作为他的女儿,我自然会有一些独特的拳击技术,这是别人不可能具备的。在现阶段,我认为自己棒极了!''一些商家看中了这对拳坛父女的商业价值,最近,一家运动品牌就利用电脑技术,让阿里父女在拳台上同场竞技。在这样的比赛中,我们看到的,并不是胜负,而是一种生命力的延续。
练习:
1.
A)with
B)for
C)as
D)
2.
A)of
B)on
C)for
D)at
3.
A)on
B)to
C)with
D)at
4.
A)after
B)over
C)alongD)up
5.
A)therefore
B)however
C)accordingly
D)whereas.
.
6.。A)as
B)like
C)forD)to
7.
A)Luckily
B)Similarly
C)Undoubtedly
D)Unfortunately
8.
A)that
B)what
C)howD)why
9.
A)as
B)like
C)to
D)against
10.A)fight
B)name
C)success
D)image
11.A)better
B)best
C)worse
D)worst
12.A)if
B)that
C)what
D)how
13.A)inspite
B)spite
C)despite
D)despiteof
14.A)argument
B)criticism
C)quarrel
D)bickering
15.A)arrival
B)birth
C)departure
D)attention
答案与题解:
1.Cdiagnosisof…as把某种疾病诊断为……,类似的短语有regard…as,consider...as和thinkof…as等。
2.A
此题是对语法的考查,criticize由动词变为名词criticism,其逻辑上的宾语应由介词of引导。
3.B考查介词短语搭配,beopposedto和oppositionto,固定搭配。
4.Dtakeup是从事某种职业,takeafter是与某人长得相像,takeover是接手,takealong是随身携带。
5.B根据上下文判断,前面讲拳王阿里反对女子从事拳击运动(hisoutspokenoppositionwomen'sboxing),随后又讲他亲自出席女儿的首场比赛,明显比照,故应选however。
6.Aasmuch…as属于固定搭配。
7.D首场比赛,备受媒体关注,不了比赛仅持续了31秒,难免令人失望,故应选unfortunately,因观众难以目睹拳王女儿的风采。
8.Bsheknowswhatshe’sdoing,此句型口语中较为常见,如某人说IknowwhatI’mdoing或IknowwhatI’mtalkingabout,那么表示说话者本人对自己的言行很有信心。
9.C对介词短语compareAtoB的考查。前者有比作、比较的意思,后者表示把A和B作比较的意思。
10.Bmakeone’sownname表示成功、成名的意思。其他表示成功的短语还有makeit,口语中更常见。答案Cmakeone’sownsuccess有中式英语Chinglish之嫌。
11.D考查上下文,下文中“abrokennoseoraswollenface〞暗示拳击运发动受伤病困扰的苦恼,更不要说拳王本身正受帕金森综合症的折磨。另外,possible一词之前常出现形容词最高级。综合上文两处的解释,worst是最正确答案。
12.A
拳王说明拳击运动可能会造成严重的后果,意欲让女儿白己决定“是否〞继续
从事这项危险的运动。
13.C此题考查易混淆短语inspiteof和介词despite,多一个of或少一个of,都不对。
14.B对上下文的考查,文中第一段就有"fuelledthedebateaboutthedangersofboxingandCRITICISMofthesport〞。
15.A对上下文的考查,文中屡次提及拳王女儿是初登拳坛,如第一段中“HispresenceatLaila’sFIRSTprofessionalfight〞,如第二段中的“Twe
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