2023西城高三一模英语

北京市西城区2023届高三4月第一次模拟考试试题英语试题本试卷共150分。考试时长120分钟。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。考前须知： 1．考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。 2．答题前考生务必将答题卡上的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔填写。 3．答题卡上选择题必须用2B铅笔作答，将选中项涂满涂黑，黑度以盖住框内字母为准，修改时用橡皮擦除干净。非选择题必须用黑色字迹的签字笔按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，未在对应的答题区域内作答或超出答题区域作答的均不得分。第一局部：听力理解〔共三节，30分〕第一节〔共5小题；每题1．5分，总分值7．5分〕 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来答复有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。1．Whatdrinkdoesthemanlike? A．Tea． B．Coffee． C．Coldwater．2．Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers? A．Husbandandwife． B．Waiterandcustomer． C．Fatheranddaughter3．WhoisreturningtoCanadatomorrow? A．John． B．Steven． C．Alicia．4．What'sthewoman'sjob? A．Acustomsofficer． B．Apolicewoman． C．Abankclerk．5:Whatdoesthewomanmean? A．Shemustgohomenow． B．Shecanstayalittlelonger． C．Sheiswaitingforherparents．第二节〔共10小题；每题1．5分，总分值15分〕 听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每题5秒钟；听完后，每题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，答复第6、7题。6．Wherewilltheyhaveatalk? A．Intheoffice． B．Inapark． C．Inthecafe．7．Whatwilltheytalkabout? A．Thewoman'sgoodidea．B．Theman'snotebook． C．Thetripwest.听第7段材料，答复第8至9题。8．Whydidtheman'sJapanesefriendgivehimagift? A．Toexpressthankstohim． B．Togiveasurprisetohim． C．Toshowrespecttohim．9．Whendon'tAmericansopengiftsinfrontofthegiver? A．Whentheyhaveknownwhatthegiftis． B．Whentheydon'tknowthegiver． C．Whentheydon'tlikethegift．听第8段材料，答复第10至12题。10．Whatdoesthemanwanttohavewashed?11．What'swrongwithhisjacket? A．Abuttonisloose． B．Itscolorhasrun． C．Thereisaspotonit12．Whattimewillthemangethislaundrybacktomorrow? A．At9:00． B．At9:30． C．At10:00．听第9段材料，答复第13至15题。13．WhenwasthelasttimeBritainsawitsworstsnow? A．10yearsago． B．18yearsago． C．30yearsago.14．WhyistheUKnotwellpreparedforsnow? A．Thereisnotenoughlabor． B．Itdoesn'tsnowfrequentlyintheUK． C．Thesnow-cleaningequipmentcostsalot．15．WhichpartofEnglandwashitmostseverelybythesnowfall? A．South． B．East． C．North第三节〔共5小题：每题1．5分，共7．5分〕 听下面一段对话，完成第16至第20五道小题，每题仅填写一个词。听对话前，你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间。这段对话你将听两遍。第二局部：英语知识运用〔共两节,总分值45分〕第一节：单项填空〔共15小题，每题1分，总分值15分〕 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。21．—Didyouhappentoheartherecentnews? —Yes,Alice____thegoldmedalinthespeechcontest,whichIfindhardtobelieve． A．wins B．won C．hadwon D．willwin22．Walkingexercises____beboringattimes,butonaclearsunnymorningnothingcouldbebetter． A．may B．will C．must D．should23．Manythingssuchasgoingabroadandowningacar,____impossibleinthepast,arenowverycommon． A．beingconsidered B．tobeconsidered C．considering D．considered24．Mostpeoplegotothetheatrenottoseeaplay____plotiscomplicated,buttolistentobrilliantdialoguesbetweenactors． A．where B．what C．which D．whose25．I____towardthedoortogooutsidewhensuddenlyJimopeneditunexpectedly． A．walked B．waswalking C．hadwalked D．hadbeenwalking26．____madethingsworse,hesaid,wasthathisroommateneverlookpartinanyofthecleaningwork． A．What B．Which C．That D．Who27．Theteahousesituatednearplatform6isnowofferingfreecupsofteatothose____fortheXi'antrain． A．waiting B．wait C．towait D．waited28．—Bobisalwayscomplainingaboutnothavinganymoney． —Theproblemisthathedoesn'tworkhardandnever____． A．does B．had C．has D．did29．Whydosomerichpeoplestealthings____theycouldeasilyaffordtobuythem? A．unless B．before C．if D．when30．Weshouldn'thavecomenorthforChristmasvacation．Ifwe____,wewouldn'tbestuckinthesnowrightnow． A．wasn't B．didn't C．hadn'tD．weren't,31．Inordertoassess____thetreatmentwillfityourlifestyle,pleasetakeamomenttoanswerafewquestionsaboutyourself． A．what B．how C．why D．where32．Mostofthetelephonelines____inthehurricanelastnight,andsotodayit'salmostimpossibletogetthroughtoanybody． A．destroyed B．haddestroyed C．weredestroyed D．hadbeendestroyed33．—Let'shaveafurthertalk． —Sorry,Idon'thavetimetotalk．MyreportisdueonFridayandIaminarace____time． A．over B．in C．on D．against34．WhenHelenbeganlookingforajobaftercollege,shefoundthatshecouldn'tget____withoutworkexperience． A．it B．one C．that D．this35．—Whatdoyouthinkweshoulddoafterdinner? —Whydon'tweget____beerattheKaraokebardownthestreet?Itiskindof___funtohearallthebadsinging． A．a;不填 B．a;a C．the;a D．a;the第二节完型填空〔共20小题；每题1．5分，总分值30分〕阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项〔A、B、C和D〕中，选出最正确选项，并在答题卡上涂黑。AGoodCustodianIknowawomanwhotrieshardtobeagoodcustodian．Ipasshereverydayafterschoolasshepusheshercartdownmyhallway．Ofcourse,sheismybuilding'scleaner,OneTuesdaymorningIcameintoschoolandsawa36onmydeskfrommycustodian,Itseemedthatsomeunbearablefirstyearstudentshaddamagedthebathroominaparticularlydisgustingwayandshehadbeen37tocleanit．Thistook38thanshehadexpected．Shehadleftthetypewrittennoteonmydeskto39fornotbeingabletocleanmyroomasshewas40todo．Atthebeginningoftheperiod,Isharedhernotewithmyfirstperiod41WhenImentionedthatourcustodianhadapologizedtous,theirfirst42wastovolunteertoseekoutandbeatupthosefirstyearstudentsformakingourcustodianhavetocleanuptheir43.Itturnedoutthatjustaboutallofmystudentsalsoknewourcustodianbyname-allofthemrespondedwithsmilesand44foralongtimeaboutthistimeorthattimewhenshe'd45eachoftheminthehallway．Thatshefeltsheneededtoapologize46astrongreactionfrommanyofthekids．Astheclassperiodwasabouttoend,Iaskedthemto47thefloorlikeIdoeveryperiodandthankedthemforpickingupanygarbage48itwasn'ttheirs．Myentireclassdisappeared;theyeachdisappearedinstantly49theirdeskstopickupthoseannoyingtinypiecesofpaperthat50soeasilyfromnotebooks．Onegirlmadea〔an〕51thatIlaterusedwithmyotherclasses:"Herjobmightbetocleantheroom,butsheshouldn'thavetocleanup52us．There'sadifference．〞Ibelievethatpeopleknowthedifferencebetweenrightandwrong．Ibelievethatpeopleappreciateitwhenothers53takecareofthem．AndIbelievethatpeople,evenadolescentswhoarenotquiteyetmature,appreciateitwhentheyseesomeonewhotakes54inherwork．Sometimesweneeda55ofthethingswetakeforgranted．．．thingslikeagoodcustodiantotakecareofus．36．A．paper B．handbook C．note D．letter37．A．advised B．persuaded C．allowed D．charged38．A．shorter B．longer C．mare D．less39．A．apologize B．regret C．appeal D．complain40．A．recommended B．believed C．approved D．scheduled41．A．class B．colleagues C．staff D．members42．A．answer B．reaction, C．decision D．behavior43．A．room B．desks C．mess D．chaos44．A．talked B．asked C．quarreled D．discussed45．A．visited B．called C．praised D．greeted46．A．made B．showed C．earned D．accepted47．A．sweep B．examine C．check D．mop48．A．evenif B．onlyif C．ifonly D．ifever49．A．above B．under C．beyond D．across50．A．leave B．fall C．fly D．miss51．A．promise B．agreement C．announcement D．comment52．A．after B．before C．with D．for53．A．freely B．gently C．hopefully D．sincerely54．A．advantage B．pride C．action D．chance55．A．keeper B．caretaker C．reminder D．observer第三局部：阅读理解〔共两节，总分值40分〕第一节〔共15小题，每题2分，总分值30分〕 阅读以下短文，从每题所给的四个选项〔A、B、C和D〕中，选出最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWhenIwasababy,Ientertainedyouandmadeyoulaugh．WheneverIwas"bad",you'dshakeyourfingeratmeandask:"Howcouldyou?"—butthenyou'dgiveup,androllmeoverforabellyscratchandIbelievedthatlifecouldnotbeanymoreperfect．Myhousetrainingwasalongprocess,becauseyouwereterriblybusy,butweworkedonthattogether．Wewentforlongwalks,runsintheparkandcarrides．Westoppedforicecream．Itooklongnapsinthesunwaitingforyoutocomehomeattheendoftheday．Gradually,youbeganspendingmoretimeatworkandonyourcareer,andmoretimesearchingforahumanmate．Eventually,youfellinlove．She,nowyourwife,isriotadogperson,butIstillwelcomedherintoourhome．Iwashappybecauseyouwerehappy．ThenthehumanbabiescamealongandIsharedyourexcitement,Iwasfascinatedbytheirpinkness,howtheysmelled,andIwantedtomotherthemtoo．YourwifewasafraidIwouldbitethem．Butnevertheless,astheybegantogrow,Ibecametheirfriend．Now,youhaveanewjobinanothercityandyouandtheywillbemovingtoanapartmentthatdoesnotallowpets．You'vemadetherightdecisionforyour"family",buttherewasatimewhenIwasyouronlyfamily．Iwasexcitedaboutthecarrideuntilwearrivedatthedogpound．Itsmelledofdogsandcats,offear,ofhopelessness．Youfilledoutthepaperworkandsaid:"Iknowyouwillfindagoodhomeforher．"Theyshruggedandgaveyouapainedlook．Thechildrenwereintearsastheywavedmegoodbye．And"Howcouldyou?"weretheonlythreewordsthatsweptovermymind．Isitbettertolivewithhopeorwithouthope?Atfirst,wheneveranyonepassedmypen,Irushedtothefront,hopingitwasyou,thatyouhadchangedyourmindandthatthiswasallabaddream．Mybelovedmaster,Iwillthinkofyouandwaitforyouforever．Ihopeyoureceivemorefaithfulnessfromyourfamilythanyoushowedtome．56．Whotellsthisstory? A．Adog．B．Achild． C．Adog'sowner．D．Adogtrainer57．Whydidthedog'sownertakehisdogtothepound? A．Hehadanewbornbaby． B．Hiswifedidnotlikethedog． C．Hewasmovingintoanewbuilding． D．Hethoughtthedogtootroublesome．58．Whichistrueaboutthedogwhenitlivedatthepound? A．Ithopedtobeadoptedbyanotherfamily． B．Itcontinuedtoloveitsformerowner． C．Itdidnottrusthumansanymore． D．Itwasexcitedaboutthepound．59．Whatisthethemeofthestory? A．Bereadyforchanges． B．Neverexpecttoomuch． C．Nevercomplainaboutyourlife． D．Befaithfultothosewholoveyou．BPresentorFuture?Americansarefuture-minded．Theyreallyliveinthefuture．Thepresentisjustawaystation．ThisenthusiasmforthefutureisreallynotsharedevenbyallEuropeancountries．TheFrenchareknowntobepresent-mindedwhiletheBritishareoftencalledpast-minded．ForJapaneseZenfollowers,timeislikeapoolofwater．Thingsjusthappen．Thereisnopast,presentorfuture．Egyptiansarewellknownfortheirpastmindedness．Ididnotgrowupwithatelephone．SotheYellowPagesweresomethingbrandnewformewhenIfirstarrivedintheU．S．．Istillhadthehabitofgoingtoastoreonlytofindoutthatitdidn'thavewhatIneeded．Mywifeusedtoask,"Didn'tyoucallbeforegoingthere?"Theconceptofcallingaheadoftimerequiresplanningandafuturemind,whilemyupbringingwasinapresent-mindedculture．Onethingmynuclearfamilyenjoyswhenmymomvisitsishercooking．SonormallyIaskmymomacoupleofdaysinadvancewhatthingssheneedsfortheupcomingmeals．Sheisalwayssurethatshehaseverything．Thetruthisthatmanytimes,inthemiddleofcooking,shewillaskforitemswedon'thave．Thatshowsapresentmind．Youdealwithitwhenyougetthereinsteadofdoingadvancedplanning．Listeningtoweatherforecastsandthenlivingyourlifeaccordinglyisasignofafuturemind．Normally,whenIgettoworkandseeeveryonewalkingaroundwiththeirumbrellas,Ifigurethatitwillraintoday．Herepeoplearetrainedfromtheirchildhoodtofigureoutatleastthatday'sexpectedweatherbeforeleavingthehouse．Iamnormallymissingmyumbrellabecauseitwasnotrainingandtheskydidnothavedarkclouds．Heremypresentmindgetsmeweteverytime．MainstreamAmericanshaveputinsidethemselvestheclocktoadegreewhichisbeyondthecomprehensionofmanyculturesacrosstheglobe．SotheannoyancemanyAmericansfacewhenworkingwithpeoplefromotherculturesisunderstandable．Intoday'sdialogue,buildingthebridgetothe21stcenturymayturnouttobeeasierthanbuildingbridgeswithothercultures,whichmayappeartobesoforeign．However,theyarevitalpartnersforourinterdependentlifeonthisplanet．60．Theauthorwasmostlikelybornin____． A．America B．France C．Britain D．Egypt61．Whichistrueabouttheauthor? A．Hewasmorefuture-mindedthanhismother． B．HereceivedmostofhiseducationinJapan． C．Helearnedtochecktheweatherbeforegoingout． D．Hedislikedcallingthestorebeforegoingshopping．62．What'sthemainideaofthelastparagraph? A．Americansvaluetimemorethananyotherculture． B．Americansshouldbeunderstoodbyothercultures． C．Communicationbetweenculturesiseasierthanbefore． D．Harmonyshouldbeachieveddespiteculturaldifferences．CAwomanintheUSisabletospeakforthefirsttimein11yearsafterapioneeringvoiceboxtransplant〔移植〕．BrendaJensensaidtheoperationwasagreatsuccesswhichhadsavedherlife．Thirteendaysafterthesurgeryshesaidherfirstwords:"Goodmorning,Iwanttogohome．"Itisthefirsttimeavoiceboxandwindpipehavebeentransplantedatthesametimeandonlythesecondtimeavoiceboxhaseverbeentransplanted．Ms．Jensen,52,hadbeenunabletospeakonherownsincehervoiceboxwasdamagedduringsurgeryin1999．Sincethen,shehasbeenunabletotasteorsmellfood,couldbreatheonlythroughaholeinherwindpipeandcouldtalkonlywiththehelpofanelectronicvoicebox．InOctober,surgeonsattheUniversityofCaliforniaDavisMedicalCentreremovedthevoiceboxand6cmofthewindpipefromadonorbody．Inan18-houroperation,thiswastransplantedintoMs．Jensen'sthroatandtheteamconnectedittoherbloodsupplyandnerves〔神经〕．ProfessorMartinBirchallfromUniversityCollegeLondon,whowaspartofthesurgeryteam,said:"We'velearnedthatwecanrepairnervestomakeevenverycomplexorgansfunctionagain．It'llopenthedoortobetterfacialtransplantsandwillbeextremelyimportantastissueengineeringdevelops．"Avoiceboxtransplantmightbelifechanging,butitisnotlifesaving．Everyonewhoreceivesatransplantmusttakedrugstocontroltheimmunesystem〔免疫系统〕fortherestoftheirlives．Thesedrugscanreducelifeexpectancy,sotheyarenormallysetasideforlifesavingprocedures．OneofthereasonsMs．Jensenwasasuitablepersonforthistransplantwasthatshewasalreadytakingimmunecontrollingdrugsafterakidney-pancreastransplantfouryearsago．ProfessorPeterBelafsky,partofthesurgicalteam,said:"Brendawasanexceptionalcandidateforthetransplantbecauseshewashighlymotivated．Anyonewho'smetBrendaknowsthatsheisastronganddeterminedpersonwithagreatoutlookonlifeinspiteofthemanyphysicalchallengesshe'sfacedoverherlifetime．63．Thevoicetransplantoperationisofgreatsignificancebecauseitprovesthat____． A．facialtransplantsarenoweasiertoperform B．newmedicaltechnologyisalwayspossibletodiscover C．nerverepairingisabreakthroughintissueengineering D．thedrugstakenaftertheoperationhelpthepatientlivelonger64．Ms．Jensenwasasuitablepersonforthistransplantbecauseshewas____． A．strong-willedandprepared B．experiencedandbrave C．seriouslyillandmotivated D．determinedandrealistic65．Whichofthefollowingistherighttimeorderoftheevent?a．Ms．Jensenreceivedavoiceboxtransplantoperation．b．Ms．Jensenbegantotakeimmunecontrollingdrugs．c．Doctorsremovedthevoiceboxfromadonorbody．d．Ms．Jensenhadakidney-pancreastransplantoperation． A．acdb B．dbca C．bdca D．cabd66．Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage? A．TransplantSavesAWoman'sLife B．OvercomingObstaclestoSpeakAgain C．FirstWordsfromNewVoiceBox D．CourageousWomanDefeatingFearsD"Wannabuyabody?"ThatwastheopeninglineofmorethanafewphonecallsIgotfromself-employedphotographerswhenIwasaphotoeditoratU．S．News．Likemanyinthemainstreampress,Iwantedtoseparatetheworldofphotographersinto"them",whotradeinpicturesofbodiesorrunafterfamouspeoplelikePrincessDiana,and"us",theseriousnewspeople．Butafter16yearsinthatrole,Icametowonderwhetherthetwoworldswereeasilydistinguishable．Workinginthereputableworldofjournalism,Itoldphotographerstocoverotherpeople'sdifficultlifesituations．Ijustifiedmarchingintomomentsofsadness,undertheappearanceofthereader'srighttoknow．Iworkedwithprofessionalstalkingtheirwayintosituationsorshootingfrombehindpolicelines．AndIwasn'talone．InanyAmericantown,afteracarcrashorsomeotherhorribleincidentwhenordinarypeoplearehurtorkilled,yourarelyseephotographerspushingpastrescueworkerstotakephotosofthebloodandinjuries．Butyouarelikelytoseelocalnewspaperandtelevisionphotographersonthescene–andfast．．．Howcanwejustifydoingthis?Journalistsaretaughttoseparate,doingthejobfromworryingabouttheconsequencesofpublishingwhattheyrecord．Repeatedly,theyareremindedofanews-businesssaying:Leaveyourconscienceintheoffice,Avictimmayliebleeding,unconscious,ordead．Yourjobistorecordtheimage〔图象〕．You'reaphotographer,notanemergencymedicalworker．Youputawayyourfeelingsanddocumentthescene．Butcatastrophiceventsoftenbringouttheworstinphotographersandphotoeditors．Inthefirstminutesandhoursafteradisasteroccurs,photoagenciesbuypictures．Theyrushtoobtaintherightstobetheonlyonetoowntheseshockingimagesanddeathisusuallythesubject．Often,anagencybuysapicturefromalocalnewspaperoranamateurphotographerandputsitupforbidbymajormagazines．Themostsought-afterspecialpicturescommandtensofthousandsofdollarsthroughbiddingcontests．Iworkedonallthosestoriesandmanylikethem．Whentheyhappen,youmovequickly:buying,dealing,tryingtobeattheagenciestothepictures．Now,manypeoplebelievejournalistsarethehypocrites〔伪君子〕whoneedtobebroughtdown,andit'sourpicturesthatmostangerothers．Readersmaynotbelieve,aswedo,thatthereisadistinctionbetweenclear-minded"us"andmean-spirited"them"．Intoomanycases,byourchoicesofimagesaswellashowwegetthem,weproveourreadersright．67．Whenjournalistsareworking,theyaretoldto____． A．workwiththeirconscience B．respecttheprivacyofthevictim C．separatetheirworkfromfeelings D．askpoliceforpermissiontotakephotos68．The5thand6thparagraphsmainlytellusthat____． A．speeddeterminesthesuccessofanewsstory B．photoagenciesaregreedierthanseriousnewspeople C．photographershavefreeaccesstophotosofaccidents D．profitisthedrivingforcebeliindthecompetitionforphotos69．Itcanbelearnedfromthelastparagraphthatseriousnewspeople____． A．obtainphotosdifferentlyfromnewsagencies B．arenobetterthanself-employedphotographers C．aremoredevotedtoworkthannon-professionals D．haveahighermoralstandardthanself-employedphotographers70．Theunderlinedword"them"inthelastparagraphrefersto____． A．photoeditors B．photoagencies C．seriousnewspeople D．self-employedphotographers第二节〔共5小题；每题2分，共10分〕根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填人空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ClaustrophobiaClaustrophobia,orfearofenclosedspaces,isoneofthemostcommonfears．Claustrophobiacanbedeepfearorevenpanicasaresultofbeinginasmallspace．Claustrophobiacandevelopafteratroublingchildhoodexperience〔suchasbeingtrappedinasmallspaceduringachildhoodgame〕,orfromanotherunpleasantexperiencelateroninliferelatedtosmallspaces〔suchasbeingstuckinalift〕．_71Thisresponsethenbecomesprogrammedinthebrain,makinganassociationbetweenbeinginatightspaceandfeelinganxiousorout-of-control．Asaresult,thepersonoftendevelopsclaustrophobia．AccordingtoMarkPowers,Ph．D．,AssociateProfessorofPsychologyatSouthernMethodistUniversity,"Claustrophobiaisaspecificfearandnotatypeofpanicdisorder．Theprimaryspecificdangerforecastsforclaustrophobiaarethateitherthepersonwillbetrappedorr