2022年考研考博-考博英语-首都经济贸易大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）试卷号74

住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-首都经济贸易大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）（图片可根据实际调整大小）题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.单选题

Inorderto（）therisingproductioncosts,thesubscriptionrateshavebeenincreased.

问题1选项

A.addupto

B.lookupto

C.cutshort

D.keepupwith

【答案】D

【解析】词组辨析题。A选项addupto“合计达...，总共达...”；B选项lookupto“尊敬”；C选项cutshort“缩短，缩减”；D选项keepupwith“跟上，赶上”。句意：为了跟上不断上涨的生产成本，订阅费已经提高了。选项D符合语境。

2.翻译题

A.TranslatethefollowingintoChinese(15%)

Surveysshowthatmen’sattitudestoriskaretypicallymoreenthusiastic,whereaswomenaremorelikelytobuyandhold,whichleadsfinancialadviserstoconcludethatmenarelessrisk-averse.Andmenaremorelikelytosaythattheyunderstandfinancialconcepts,whichmightseemtosuggestthattheyaremorefinanciallyliterate.

Butitmaybemoreaccuratetosaythatwomenaremorerisk-awareandlessdeludedabouttheirfinancialcompetence.Astudyin2001byBradBarber,anacademicinthefieldofbehaviouralfinance,showedthatwomenoutperformedmeninthemarketbyonepercentagepointayear.Themainreason,heargued,wasthatmenweremuchmorelikelytobeoverconfidentthanwomen,andhencetocarryoutunprofitabletrades.

Anotherdifferenceisthatmenaremorelikelytosaythatoutperformingthemarketistheirtopinvestmentgoal,whereaswomentendtomentionspecificfinancialgoals,suchasbuyingahouseorretiringat60.Affluentwomenaremorelikelytoseekfinancialadviceandfewerdirecttheirowninvestmentscomparedwithmen.accordingtoCentury,aresearchfirm.Buttheyseemtobelesssatisfiedwiththeadvicetheyaregetting.Asurveyin2016byEconsult,aconsultancy,foundthat62%ofwomenwithsignificantassetsundermanagementwouldconsiderabandoningtheirmanager,comparedwith44%ofmen.

B.TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish(15%)

管理者中富有激情，具有个人魅力和感染力的人凤毛麟角。那么，其他和我一样的大部分人该怎么办呢？你也许学不来魅力四射，但是你一定能够学会直截了当、有效地与员工谈论工作。能够学会在合适的时间以合适的方式、用词精准地与员工谈论工作。

最有效的管理者拥有一种特别的谈话方式。他们有着特殊的姿势、风度以及语调。他们的谈话方式既有权威感，又容易让人产生共鸣；既充分表达了严格的要求，又让人感到谈话人所给予的巨大支持；既严肃训导，又让人能够接受。这种谈话既不同于朋友，也不同于老板，恰好介于两者中间。

【答案】A英译汉【参考译文】

调查显示，男性应对风险的态度通常更为积极，然而女性则更可能会去购买和持有，这就导致理财顾问得出结论：男性更愿意承担风险。并且男性更愿意说自己理解金融的概念，也似乎表明他们自己更懂金融。

但更准确的说法可能是，女性更有风险意识，更少因自己的财务能力上当受骗。行为金融学领域学者布拉德•巴伯(BradBarber)在2001年进行的一项研究中表明，女性在金融市场中的表现每年比男性高出一个百分点。他认为，主要原因是男性比女性更容易过度自信，因此更容易进行无钱可赚的交易。

另一个不同之处在于，男性更有可能认为跑赢市场是他们的最高投资目标，而女性则倾向于涉及具体的财务目标，比如买房或在60岁退休。据研究公司Century称，富裕女性比男性更有可能去寻求理财建议，而非自己直接投资。但她们似乎对得到的建议不太满意。咨询公司Econsult在2016年的一项调查中发现，大量资产被理财公司管理的女性中有62%的人考虑放弃和自己理财经理的合作，相比之下男性只有44%。

B汉译英【参考译文】

Managerswhoarepassionate,attractiveandcharismaticarerare.Sowhataboutmostotherpeoplelikeme?Youmaynotlearntobecharming,butyoucancertainlylearntotalkaboutworkdirectlyandeffectivelywiththestaff.Youcanlearntotalktoemployeesaboutworkattherighttime,intherightwayandwiththerightwords.

Themosteffectivemanagershaveaspecialwayoftalking.Theyhaveaspecialposture,demeanorandintonation.Thewaytheytalkisbothauthoritativeandevocative,whichwillfullyexpressthestrictrequirementsandmakepeoplefeelthegreatsupportofthespeaker.Itisbothdisciplinedandacceptable.Theconversationisdifferentfromthatwithafriendoraboss,butsomewhereinbetween.

3.单选题

"Museum"isaslipperyword.Itfirstmeant(inGreek)anythingconsecratedtotheMuses:ahill,ashrine,agarden,afestivalorevenatextbook.BothPlato'sAcademyandAristotle'sLyceumhadamouseion,amuses’shrine.AlthoughtheGreeksalreadycollecteddetachedworksofart,manytemples―notablythatofHeraatOlympia(beforewhichtheOlympicflameisstilllit)—hadcollectionsofobjects,someofwhichwereworksofartbywell-knownmasters,whilepaintingsandsculpturesintheAlexandrianMuseumwereincidentaltoitsmainpurpose.

TheRomansalsocollectedandexhibitedartfromdisbandedtemples,aswellasmineralspecimens,exoticplants,animals;andtheyplunderedsculpturesandpaintings(mostlyGreek)forexhibition,Meanwhile,theGreekwordhadslippedintoLatinbytransliteration(thoughnottosignifypicturegalleries,whichwerecalledpinacothecae)andmuseumstillmoreorlessmeant“Muses’shrine”

Theinspirationalcollectionsofpreciousandsemi-preciousobjectswerekeptinlargerchurchesandmonasteries—whichfocusedonthegold-enshrined,bejeweledrelicsofsaintsandmartyrs.Princes,andlatermerchants,hadsimilarcollections,whichbecamethedepositsofnaturalcuriosities:largelumpsofamberorcoral,irregularpearls,unicornhorns,ostricheggs,fossilbonesandsoon.Theyalsoincludedcoinsandgems—oftenantiqueengravedones—aswellas,increasingly,paintingsandsculptures.Astheymultipliedandexpanded,tosupplementthem,theskillofthefakersgrewincreasinglyrefined.

Atthesametime,visitorscouldadmiretheverygrandestpaintingsandsculpturesinthechurches,palacesandcastles;theywerenot"collected"either,"butsite-specific",andwereconsideredanintegralpartbothofthefabricofthebuildingsandofthewayoflifewhichwentoninsidethem—andmostofthebuildingswerepublicones.However,duringtherevivalofantiquityinthefifteenthcentury,fragmentsofantiquesculptureweregivenhigherstatusthantheworkofanycontemporary,sothatdisplaysofantiquitieswouldinspireartiststoimitation,orevenbetter,toemulation,andsocouldbeconsideredMuses'shrinesintheformersense.TheMedicigardennearSanMarcoinFlorence,theBelvedereandtheCapitolinRomewerethemostfamousofsuchearly"inspirational"collections.Soontheymultiplied,andgradually,exemplary"modem"workswerealsoaddedtosuchgalleries.

Intheseventeenthcentury,scientificandprestigecollectingbecamesowidespreadthatthreeorfourcollectorsindependentlypublisheddirectoriestomuseumsallovertheknownworld.Butitwastheageofrevolutionsandindustrywhichproducedthenextsharpshiftinthewaytheinstitutionwasperceived:thefuryagainstroyalandchurchmonumentspromptedantiquarianstosheltertheminasylumgalleries,ofwhichtheMuseedesMonumentsFrancaiswasthemostfamous.Then,inthefirsthalfofthenineteenthcentury,museumfundingtookoff,alliedtotheriseofnewwealth:LondonacquiredtheNationalGalleryandtheBritishMuseum,theLouvrewasorganized,theMuseum-InselwasbeguninBerlin,andtheMunichgallerieswerebuilt.InVienna,thehugeKunsthistorischesandNalurhistorischesMuseumstookovermuchoftheimperialtreasure.Meanwhile,thedeclineofcraftsmanship(andofpublictastewithit)inspiredthecreationof"improving"collections.TheVictoriaandAlbertMuseuminLondonwasthemostfamous,aswellasperhapsthelargestofthem.

1.Thesentence"Museumisaslipperyword"inthefirstparagraphmeansthat（）.

2.TheideathatMuseumcouldmeanamountainorallobjectsoriginatesfrom（）.

3."...theskillofthefakersgrewincreasinglyrefined"inthethirdparagraphmeansthat（）.

4.Paintingandsculpturesondisplayinchurchesinthe15thcenturywere（）.

5.Whichisthemainideaofthepassage?

问题1选项

A.themeaningoftheworddidn'tchangeuntilafterthe15thcentury

B.themeaningofthewordhadchangedovertheyears

C.theGreekshelddifferentconceptsfromtheRomans

D.princesandmerchantsaddedpaintingstotheircollections

问题2选项

A.theRomans

B.Florence

C.Olympia

D.Greek

问题3选项

A.therewasagreatdemandforfakers

B.fakersgrewrapidlyinnumber

C.fakersbecamemoreskillful

D.fakersbecamemorepolite

问题4选项

A.collectedfromelsewhere

B.madepartofthebuildings

C.donatedbypeople

D.boughtbychurches

问题5选项

A.Theevolutionofmuseums

B.Collectionandcollectors

C.Modemmuseumsandtheirfunctions

D.Thebirthofmuseums

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.推理判断题。slippery意为狡猾的，不稳定的。再根据下一段的内容可以推测，这里是指它的意思多年来已经改变了。所以选项B正确。

2.细节事实题。根据第一段第二句“Itfirstmeant(inGreek)anythingconsecratedtotheMuses:ahill,ashrine,agarden,afestivalorevenatextbook.它最初的意思是(在希腊语中)是献给缪斯的任何东西:一座小山、一座神殿、一座花园、一个节日，甚至是一本教科书。”由此可知选项D正确。

3.细节事实题。根据原文句意：随着它们的增加和扩大，作为补充，造假者的技艺变得越来越精湛。选项C符合原文。

4.细节事实题。根据第四段第一句“theywerenot“collected”either,but“site-specific”,andwereconsideredanintegralpartbothofthefabricofthebuildings...”它们不是被“收藏”,而是“特定场地的”,被认为是建筑不可或缺的一部分。选项B符合原文。

5.主旨大意题。结合全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了“museum”一词的演变及其现代意义的由来，所以选项A最能概括本文主旨。

4.单选题

Inordertorepairbarns,buildfences,growcrops,andcareforanimals,afarmermustindeedbe（

）.

问题1选项

A.restless

B.skilled

C.strong

D.versatile

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。restless“坐立不安的，不耐烦的”；skilled“有技能的，熟练的”；strong“强壮的，强健的”；versatile“多才多艺的，多用途的”。句意：为了修缮谷仓、建立栅栏、种植庄稼以及饲养牲畜，事实上，农民必须是多才多艺的。根据句意可知，农民应该是多才多艺的，故答案选D。

5.单选题

Therewasonlyasmall（）inthecity'spopulationoverthelasttenyears.

问题1选项

A.intimacy

B.immortality

C.increment

D.incidence

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项intimacy表示“性关系，亲密；亲昵行为”；B选项immortality表示“不朽，不灭”；C选项increment表示“增量，增加，盈余”；D选项incidence表示“发生率，影响，后果”。由句意“在过去十年里，这个城市的人口只有少量”可知，只有C项最符合句意。因此，本题正确答案为C项。

6.单选题

Theultimategoalofthesuicidebomberistoforceareactiononthepartofthesoldierstargetedbytheattack,tomakethemseethecivilianpopulationaroundthemasapotentialenemy,andrespondaccordingly.Wheneveryciviliancarryawideattack,thenevensoldierswhoarenotnormallytrigger-happymaybegoadedbyfearintoharminginnocentpeople.Itisimportanttorealizethatstoppingthesuicideattackerbeforehe(orshe)commitshisattackisnexttoimpossible;hewillcertainlytrytodetonatehisexplosivesassoonasasoldierapproaches.

TheIsraeliarmyhasbeenforcedtodealwithsuicideattackersoverthepast20yearsinsouthernLebanon,aswellasmorerecentlyintheWestBankandGazastrip.TheIsraeliexperiencehasshownthattheonlyhopeofcounteringthisphenomenonliesinthwartingtheattackbeforetheattackersetsoutonhismission.

Thesuicidebomberisnotalone“crazy”actingoutofrage.Rather,heisthetipofanoperationalicebergconsistingofrecruiters,intelligencegatherers,bombmakers,andtrainers.

Alloftheseelementsarevulnerabletocounter-terroristoperations,providedthatonehasaccurateintelligenceandthemilitarycapabilitytoactdecisivelyagainstthem.

InIsraelsuchcounter-terroristoperationsoftentaketheformof“targetedkilling”operationsagainstthoseresponsibleforsendingthesuicidebomberonhismission.

However,iftheintelligenceneededtodothisislacking,itfallstodefensivemeasurestostoptheattack,oratleasttominimizethedamage.Roadblocks,check-points,andsurpriseinspectionscanhelpinlocatingthesuicideattackerandpreventinghimfromreachinghistarget.Precautionsmustbetakennottocreateeasytargetsforsuicideattacks,byavoidingtheconcentrationofsoldiersinoneplaceorhousingcommandcentersinmulti-storybuildings.

Indealingswiththecivilianpopulation,thepossibilityofboobytrapsmustbetakenintoaccount.Thussomeonewishingtosurrendershouldbecheckedfromadistancetoseethatheisnotcarryingexplosives.Vehiclesshouldbepreventedfromdirectlyenteringamilitarybaseorcheckpoint.Allservicesprovidedbymembersoftheindigenouspopulationshouldbesubjecttostringentsecuritychecks.

Themilitaryshouldalsobeawareofthepossibilityofmultiplesuicideattacks,whereexplosivesaredetonatedinsequenceinordertotargetfirstrespondersortoovercomeconsecutiveobstaclesinthewayofpenetrationofaprotectedspace.

Thepossibilityofsuicideoperationsonthemodernbattlefieldcomplicatesthemilitarycampaign,andrequiresawholedifferentmindsetfromthatneededforconventionalwarfare.Soldiersmustbemadeawareoftherisksandbereadytochangetheircollectivebehaviorinaccordancewiththechangingcircumstances,withoutplayingintotheenemy’shandsbytargetingthecivilianpopulation.

1.Thesuicidebombercommitssuicideto（）.

2.Fromthepassage,wecaninferthat（）.

3.Inpreventingtheoccurrenceofsuicideattacks,counter-terroristoperationrequires（）.

4.Whoisoftenthefirsttargetedkillingforthecounter-terroristoperations?

5.Themilitarymaywalkstraightintothebombers’trapifthey（）.

问题1选项

A.killhimself/herselfonly

B.revengeonthesoldiers

C.makethesoldiersseethecivilianpopulationaroundthemasapotentialenemy,andrespondaccordingly

D.killsomeinnocentpeopleoutofrage

问题2选项

A.thesuicidebombersarewellorganized

B.thesuicidebombersoftenactaloneandnobodyhelpthem

C.mostofthesuicidebomberscommittheirattacksoutofcrazymotivation

D.mostofthesuicidebombersaretrainedinsouthernLebanon

问题3选项

A.onewithaccurateintelligence

B.onewiththemilitarycapabilitytoactdecisively

C.onewhohastakeneveryprecautionnottocreateeasytargetsforsuicideattacks

D.alloftheabove

问题4选项

A.Thesuicidebomber.

B.Thesuicidebomber’sleaders.

C.Thesurrender.

D.Thebombmaker.

问题5选项

A.greettheonewhowishestosurrenderwithcarefulchecks

B.arealertallthetime

C.allowvehiclestoenterdirectlyintoamilitarybaseorcheckpoint

D.putallservicesprovidedbymembersoftheindigenouspopulationunderstringentsecuritychecks

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据原文第一段“Theultimategoalofthesuicidebomberistoforceareactiononthepartofthesoldierstargetedbytheattack,tomakethemseethecivilianpopulationaroundthemasapotentialenemy,andrespondaccordingly”可知，自杀式炸弹袭击者的最终目标是迫使被袭击的士兵做出反应，让他们把周围的平民视为潜在的敌人，并做出相应的反应。A项表示“只是自杀”；B项表示“报复士兵”；D项表示“出于泄愤而杀害一些无辜的人”，都与原文不符。因此，只有C项“让士兵把周围的平民视为潜在的敌人并相应地做出反应”符合原文表述，故本题正确答案为C项。

2.推理判断题。根据原文第三段“Thesuicidebomberisnotalone“crazy”actingoutofrage.Rather,heisthetipofanoperationalicebergconsistingofrecruiters,intelligencegatherers,bombmakers,andtrainers.”可知，自杀式炸弹袭击不是出于愤怒而单独行动的“疯狂”行为。相反，他只是由招聘者、情报收集员、炸弹制造者和训练人员构成的操作团体的冰山一角。由此可推测，自杀式炸弹袭击者组织有序，故A项正确。B项表示“自杀炸弹袭击者经常单独行动且没人帮他们”；C项“大多数自杀炸弹袭击者出于疯狂的动机而进行袭击”；D项表示“大多数自杀式炸弹袭击者在黎巴嫩南部参加训练”。

3.推理判断题。根据原文第四段“Alloftheseelementsarevulnerabletocounter-terroristoperations,providedthatonehasaccurateintelligenceandthemilitarycapabilitytoactdecisivelyagainstthem”可知，假如国家有准确的情报和军事能力对与自杀式炸弹袭击相关的人员采取果断的行动，那么这些相关人员就易受反恐行动的攻击。故A项“一个国家有准确的情报”和B项“一个国家有果断行动的军事能力”均正确。根据原文第六段“Precautionsmustbetakennottocreateeasytargetsforsuicideattacks”可知，一定要采取防范措施，以便不为自杀袭击创造容易的目标，故C项“一个国家已采取所有可能的防范措施，以便不为自杀袭击创造容易的目标”表述正确，因此，本题正确答案为D项“以上选项均正确”。

4.推理判断题。根据原文第五段“InIsraelsuchcounter-terroristoperationsoftentaketheformof“targetedkilling”operationsagainstthoseresponsibleforsendingthesuicidebomberonhismission”可知，在以色列，此类反恐行动通常采取“定点清除”形式，打击那些将自杀式炸弹袭击者送上战场的人，故B项“自杀炸弹袭击者的领导者”符合题意。A项“自杀炸弹袭击者”；C项“投降者”：D项“炸弹制造者”。

5.细节事实题。根据原文倒数第三段“Indealingswiththecivilianpopulation,thepossibilityofboobytrapsmustbetakenintoaccount.…Vehiclesshouldbepreventedfromdirectlyenteringamilitarybaseorcheckpoint.”可知，在应对平民时，一定要考虑陷阱。应该阻止车辆直接进入军事基地或检查站，故C项表述符合题干要求。A项“迎接在仔细检查下想要投降的人”；B项“一直是警惕的”；D项“对本地居民提供的所有服务进行严格的安全检查”。

7.单选题

Theotherdayanacquaintanceofmine,anoutgoingandcharmingman,toldmehehadfoundhimselfunexpectedlyaloneinNewYorkforanhourortwobetweenappointments.HewenttotheWhitneyandspentthe“empty”timelookingatthingsin（1）solitarydelight.Forhimitprovedtobeashocknearlyasgreatasfallingin（2）todiscoverthathecouldenjoyhimselfsomuchalone.Whathadhebeenafraidof,I（3）myself?That,suddenlyalone,hewoulddiscoverthatlieboredhimself,orthattherewas,quitesimply,noselftheretomeet?Buthavingtakentheplunge,heisnowonthebrinkof（4）;heisabouttobelaunchedintohisowninnerspace,spaceasimmense,unexploredandsometimesfrighteningasouterspacetotheastronaut.Hiseveryperceptionwillcometohimwithanewfreshnessand,foratime,seemstartlinglyoriginal.Foranyone（5）canseethingsforhimselfwithanakedeyebecomes,foramomentortwo,somethingofagenius.Withanotherhumanbeingpresentvisionbecomesdoublevision,inevitably.Wearebusywondering,whatdoesmycompanionseeorthinkofthis,andwhatdoIthinkofit?The（6）impactgetslost,ordiffused.Lonelinessismostacutelyfeltwithotherpeople,forwithothers,（7）withaloversometimes,wesufferfromourdifferencesoftasteandmood.Alonewecanaffordtobewhollywhateverweareandtofeelwhatever（8）feelabsolutely.Thatisagreatluxury!Formethemostinterestingthingaboutasolitarylife,andminehasbeenthatforthelasttwentyyears,isthatitbecomesincreasinglyrewarding.When1canwakeupandwatchthesunriseovertheocean,asIdomostdays,andknowthatIhaveanentiredayahead,uninterrupted,inwhichto（9）afewpages,takeawalkwithmydog,liedownintheafternoonforalongthink(whydoesonethinkbetterina（10）position?),readandlistentomusic,Iamfloodedwithhappiness.

问题1选项

A.very

B.such

C.so

D.much

问题2选项

A.love

B.emotion

C.fancy

D.passion

问题3选项

A.pondered

B.enquired

C.asked

D.thought

问题4选项

A.activity

B.adventure

C.excitement

D.danger

问题5选项

A.who

B.whom

C.that

D.they

问题6选项

A.original

B.basic

C.clear

D.lonely

问题7选项

A.although

B.still

C.even

D.but

问题8选项

A.one

B.they

C.us

D.we

问题9选项

A.inscribe

B.compose

C.cut

D.write

问题10选项

A.horizontal

B.vertical

C.painless

D.motionless

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:A

第6题:A

第7题:C

第8题:D

第9题:D

第10题:A

【解析】1.考查逻辑关系。A选项very表示“非常，很；完全”；B选项such表示“这样的，如此的”；C选项so表示“如此，这么；确是如此”；D选项much表示“非常，很”。第一句中出现了unexpectedlyalone，而空格后的solitary（a.孤独的；独居的）再次提及“孤独”，因此空格处应表示“如此的，这样的”。so和such都可表示“如此的，这样的”。so是副词，修饰形容词和副词；而such是形容词，修饰名词。二者后面都接单数可数名词，但用法不同。so的用法为：so+adj.+a（an）+n.；such的用法为：such+a（an）+adj.+n.。如果后面接复数名词或不可数名词，则只能用such，故B项符合句意。因此，本题正确答案为B项。

2.考查逻辑关系。由第一句中的appointments以及空缺前的great可知这种感觉应宛如“坠入爱河”一般美好，故可构成“fallinlove坠入爱河”的A项正确。B选项emotion表示“情感；情绪”；C选项fancy表示“幻想；想象力；爱好”；D选项passion表示“激情；热情”。

3.考查逻辑关系。根据空缺前“Whathadhebeenafraidof”可知，这是作者反问自己，故C选项ask符合句意。A选项ponder表示“仔细考虑；思考；衡量”；B选项enquire表示“询问；打听；调查”；D选项think表示“想；认为；想起”。

4.考查逻辑关系。A选项activity表示“活动；行动；活跃”；B选项adventure表示“冒险；冒险精祌；投机活动”；C选项excitement表示“兴奋；刺激；令人兴奋的事物”；D选项danger表示“危险；危险物；威胁”。根据空格前havingtakentheplunge（在冒险尝试后）可知，他现在是在冒险，故B选项“冒险”符合句意。

5.考查语法知识。空缺处及之后的canseethingsforhimselfwithanakedeye属于空缺前anyone的后置定语从句。因此，空缺处应为可充当定语从句主语的关系代词，故A项who正确。

6.考查形容词词义辨析。A选项original表示“最初的；开始的；独创的；新颖的”；B选项basic表示“基本的；基础的”；C选项clear表示“清楚的；清澈的；晴朗的；无罪的”；D选项lonely表示“寂寞的；偏僻的”。由上文中的seemstartinglyoriginal以及后文中的Wearebusywondering,whatdoesmycompanionseeorthinkofthis,andwhatdoIthinkofit?可知，如果旁边有别人，我们会急于想知道自己同伴的看法以及自己的观点，因此最初的印象就消失了。故original符合句意，本题正确选项为A项。

7.考查词义辨析。A选项although表示“尽管；虽然；但是；然而”；B选项still表示“仍然；但是；尽管如此”；C选项even表示“甚至；即使”；D选项but表示“但是；然而”。根据句意可知，空缺处后的lover应为空缺前others的进一步说明，故C选项“even”符合语境，因此本题正确答案为C项。

8.考查逻辑关系。And连接两个并列部分，由空缺前“whateverweare”可知，后文应为“whateverwefeel”，故D项we正确。因此，本题正确答案为D项。

9.考查动词词义辨析。A选项inscribe表示“题献；铭记;雕”；B选项compose表示“构成；创作，排版；使平静”；C选项cut表示“切割；剪短；释放”；D选项write表示“书写；写信给；著述”。由空缺后afewpages可知，D选项write符合句意，故本题正确答案为D项。

10.考查形容词词义辨析。A选项horizontal表示“水平的；地平线的；同一阶层的”；B选项vertical表示“垂直的；顶点的；纵向的”；C选项painless表示“无痛的；不痛的”；D选项motionless表示“静止的；不运动的”。由空缺前liedown以及thinkbetter可知，躺着的时候可以更好地思考，故A项horizontal符合句意。因此，本题正确答案为A项。

8.单选题

Mr.Jonesholdsstrongviewsagainstvideogamesand（

）theclosingofallrecreationfacilitiesforsuchgames.

问题1选项

A.assists

B.acknowledges

C.advocates

D.admits

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A项assist表示“帮助，协助”；B项acknowledge表示“致谢，承认”；C项advocate表示“提倡，拥护”；D项admit表示“承认，容许”。根据句中against可知作者反对电子游戏，所以应该支持closingtherecreationfacilities。句意：琼斯先生强烈反对电子游戏，提倡关闭所有的电子游戏娱乐设施。故本题正确答案为C。

9.单选题

Whenyouleaveajobwithatraditionalpension,don'tassumeyou'velostthechancetocollectit.You'reentitledtowhateverbenefityou'veearned—andyoumightevenbeentitledtotakeitnow."Alotofpeopleforgettheyhaveit,ortheythinkthatbywaitinguntilthey're65,they'llhaveabiggerbenefit,"saysWayneBogosian,presidentofthePFEGroup,whichprovidescorporatepre-retirementeducation.

Yourformeremployersshouldsendyouacertificatethatsayshowmuchyourpensionisworth.Ifit'slessthan$5,000,orifthecompanyoffersalump-sumpayout,itwillgenerallycloseyouraccountandcashyouout.Itmaynotseemlikemuch,but$5,000investedover20yearsat8%interestis$23,000.Ifyourpensionisworthmorethan$5,000,oryourcompanydoesn'tofferthelump-sumoption,findouthowmuchmoneyyou'reeligibleforattheplan'snormalretirementage,theearlierageatwhichyoucancollectthepension,themoreseverepenaltyforcollectingitearly.You'llprobablystillcomeoutaheadbytakingthemoneynowandinvestingit.

Whatifyouleftajobyearsago,andyou'rerealizingyoumayhaveunwittinglyleftbehindapension?GethelpfromthePensionBenefitGuarantyCorporation.Ithasanonlinesearchtoolthathashelpedlocate$47millioninlostbenefitsformorethan12,000workers.

Ifyouhaveatraditionalpension,retiringearlycostsmorethanyoumightexpect.Mostpeopleassumeyoutakeaproportionalcutforleavingbeforeyourplan'snormalretirementage.Forexample,youmightthinkthatifyouneedtoaccrue30yearsofserviceandyouleavethreeyearsearly,you'dgetapension90percentofthefullamount.

Butthat'snothowitworks.Instead,youtakeanactuarialreduction,determinedbytheemployerbutoftenaround5%ayear,foreachyearyouleaveearly.Soretiringthreeyearsearlycouldleaveyouwithonly85%ofthetotalamount.

Whenyouretireearlywithadefined-contributionplan,theproblemisyoustartspendinginvestmentsonwhichyoucouldbeearninginterest.Ifyouretirewhenyou're55,forexample,andstartusingthetraditionalpensionthen,byage65you'llhaveonlyabouthalfofwhatyouwould'vehadifyou'dkeptworkinguntil65.

1.Whenoneleavesajobwithatraditionalpension（）.

2.Iftheretiree'spensionislessthan$5,000,itiswiseofhimto（）.

3.Ifoneretiresearlywithadefined-contributionplan,heisexpectedto（）.

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbeusedasthesubtitleforthelastthreeparagraphs?

5.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisFALSE?

问题1选项

A.hetendstoforgetthathehasthepension

B.hehasnorighttoaskforthepension

C.he'llhaveabiggerbenefitthanifhewaitsuntiltheageof65

D.hehasaspecifiedworthofpension

问题2选项

A.askthecompanyforalump-sumpayout

B.requirehisformerbosstofigureoutthevalueofhispension

C.takethepensionwithhimandmakeaprofitoutofit

D.collectthepensionathisretirementplan'snormalretirementage

问题3选项

A.earnlessinterest

B.bebetteroilthanwithatraditionalpension

C.startinvestmentimmediately

D.getlessSocialSecuritybenefits

问题4选项

A.YourPayoutIsNotGuaranteed

B.LeaveEarly,LoseBig

C.TheRetirementDilemma

D.TakethePensionwithYou

问题5选项

A.Ifoneleaves3yearsearlyona30-year-servicebasis,hewon'tgetapensionworth27/30.

B.Itpaystogetanearlyretirementifoneunderstandshowretirementpensionplanworks.

C.ThePensionBenefitGuarantyCorporationhelpstheretireetorecoverlostbenefits.

D.Ifonekeepshisexpenseswithinhisretirementframework,hewon'tbeseverelyaffected.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据原文第一段You'reentitledtowhateverbenefityou'veearned—andyoumightevenbeentitledtotakeitnow以及第二段Yourformeremployersshouldsendyouacertificatethatsayshowmuchyourpensionisworth.可知，如果你之前的工作有传统养老金，那么退休之后你就得到一笔一定数目的养老金。故本题正确答案为D选项

2.细节事实题。题干询问：如果退休人员的养老金账户不足5000美元，他怎么做会比较明智。根据原文第二段Ifit’slessthan$5,000,orifthecompanyoffersalump-sumpayout,itwillgenerallycloseyouraccountandcashyouout.Itmaynotseemlikemuch,but$5,000investedover20yearsat8%interestis$23,000可知，如果少于5000美元，或者公司提供一次性支付，那么就会关闭养老金账户，把钱取出来做20年额投资，以8%的利率计算就是23000美元。由此可知C选项“拿着养老金（投资）赚取利润”最符合题意，故本题正确答案为C项。

3.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Whenyouretireearlywithadefined-contributionplan,theproblemisyoustartspendinginvestmentsonwhichyoucouldbeearninginterest.可知，如果你有固定缴款计划，而你提前退休了，那么问题就出现了。你开始把钱花在本可以赚取利息的投资项目上。后面举例说明：如果你在55岁时退休，然后开始使用传统的养老金，那么到65岁时，你的养老金只有你一直工作到65岁时的一半左右。由此可知，A选项“赚得的利息变少”最符合题意，故本题正确答案为A项。

4.推理判断题。题干询问：下列哪一项适合作为最后三段的小标题？分析原文可知，文章最后三段主要讲的是提前退休与养老金的关系，过早退休开始使用养老金，会比工作到正常退休年龄损失大。因此，B选项“提前退休，损失巨大”最适合作为最后三段的标题，故本题正确答案为B项。

5.推理判断题。题干询问：下列哪一项表述不正确？选项B表示“如果一个人了解退休养老汁划的运行机制，那么提前退休是划算的”明显错误，由最后一段可知，提前退休会造成养老金减少，所以提前退休损失很大。其余选项与原文表述均相符，故本题正确答案为B选项。

10.单选题

Itiswellknownthatteenageboystendtodobetter（1）maththangirls,thatmalehighschoolstudentsaremorelikelythantheirfemalecounterparts

（2）advancedmathcourseslikecalculus,thatvirtuallyallthegreatmathematicians

（3）

men.Arewomenbornwith（4）mathematicalability?Ordoessociety’ssexismslowtheirprogress?In1980,twoJohnsHopkinsUniversityresearcherstried

（5）theeternalnature/nurturedebate.JulianStanleyandCamillaBenbow

（6）10,000talentedseventhandeighthgradersbetween1972and1979.UsingtheScholasticAptitudeTest,inwhichmathquestionsaremeanttomeasureabilityratherthanknowledge,theydiscovered

（7）sexdifferences.（8）

theverbalabilitiesofthemalesandfemales

（9）differed,twiceasmanyboysasgirlsscoredover500(onascaleof200to800)onmathematicalability;atthe700level,theratiowas14to1.Theconclusion:maleshave

（10

）superiormathematicalreasoningability.

BenbowandStanley’sfindings,（11）werepublishedin“Science”，disturbedsomemenand（12）women.NowthereiscomfortforthosepeopleinanewstudyfromtheUniversityofChicagothatsuggestsmath

（13）not,afterall,anaturalmaledomain.Prof.ZalmanUsiskinstudied1,366tenthgraders.Theywereselectedfromgeometryclassesandtestedontheirabilitytosolvegeometryproofs,asubjectrequiring（

14）—abstractreasoningandspatialability.Theconclusion（15）byUsiskin:therearenosexdifferencesinmathability.

问题1选项

A.at

B.top

C.of

D.about

问题2选项

A.intackling

B.tackling

C.totackle

D.abouttackling

问题3选项

A.mightbe

B.havebeen

C.mustbe

D.hadbeen

问题4选项

A.smaller

B.less

C.fewer

D.notmore

问题5选项

A.tosettle

B.toset

C.settling

D.setting.

问题6选项

A.weretested

B.havetested

C.weretesting

D.hadtested

问题7选项

A.distinct

B.instinct

C.remotes

D.vague

问题8选项

A.Since

B.However

C.As

D.While

问题9选项

A.scarcelynot

B.virtually

C.largely

D.hardly.

问题10选项

A.superficially

B.universally

C.inherently

D.initially,

问题11选项