高考英语一轮复习构词法之常见后缀课件

构词法：后缀

OutlineSuffixesNounSuffixesAdjectiveSuffixesVerbSuffixesAdverbsSuffixes后缀的拓展形式派生词的构成类型Cooperativecompetition.Competitivecooperation.Confused?Airlineallianceshavetravelersscratchingtheirheadsoverwhat'sgoingonintheskies.Somefolksviewalliancesasablessingtotravelers,offeringseamlesstravel,reducedfaresandenhancedfrequent-flyerbenefits.Othersseeaconspiracyofbigbusiness,causingdecreasedcompetition,increasedfaresandfewerchoices.Whateveryouropinion,there'snoescapingairlinealliances:themarketinghypeisunrelenting,witheachofthetwomega-groupings.NounSuffixesDe-nominalNounSuffixesDe-verbalNounSuffixesDe-adjectiveNounSuffixesNounandAdjectiveSuffixesDe-nominalNounSuffixes(1)sterInvolved

inDe-nominalNounSuffixes(2)eerSkilledin；engagedinDe-nominalNounSuffixes(3)fulDe-verbalNounSuffixes(1)antOccupationandparticipation;

De-verbalNounSuffixes(2)ingDe-adjectiveNounSuffixes(1)nessDe-adjectiveNounSuffixes(2)ityNounandAdjectiveSuffixesSomesuffixes,whenaddedtomorphmesrelatedtohumanbeingsornationalitynames,yieldwordsthatcanbeusedbothasnounsandadjectives.-ese:Chinese;Lebanese;officialese-an,-ian:Australian,Cambodian-ist:racist,socialist-ite:Chomskyite,Thatcherite后缀汇总1、表示人和动作者的名词后缀；后缀举例-aincaptain船长/villain坏人,恶棍-airemillionaire百万富翁/billionaire亿万富翁-an/-eseGerman德国人/Chinese中国人(用以表示种族或籍贯)-ant/-entapplicant申请人/component组成要素-arysecretary秘书,书记-eeemployee雇员/nominee被提名者(表示动作的承受者或受影响者)-eerengineer工程师/pioneer拓荒者,先锋(表示从事···的人)一、名词后缀后缀举例-ercontainer容器/worker-ordictator独裁者/visitor-arburglar窃盗-ierpremier首相,总理-essactress女演员/empress女皇帝/hostess女主人(表示女性)-icianelectrician电气技师/musician音乐家

(表示“精通之人,能手”的意思多加於以-ic或-y结尾的名词上)-isttypist打字员/scientist-man/-smanchairman主席/statesman政治家-onchampion冠军,斗士/companion同伴-sterminister大臣,牧师/gangster强盗集团分子-ivenative土著,本地人/captive俘虏表示抽象名词后缀；后缀举例-acegrimace痛苦表情/solace安慰,慰藉-adedecade十年/blockade封锁-ageshrinkage缩小,减少/passage通过,通道(表示结果或总称)

-alproposal提议,求婚/approval同意-ance/-ancyforbearance节制/constancy不变(表示性质或动作)

-ence/-encyresilience弹性/tendency倾向(表示性质或动作)-cyintimacy亲近,交情/advocacy提倡,鼓吹(多加於以-ate或-t结尾的名词,动词,形容词上)-domfreedom自由/wisdom智慧-hoodchildhood幼年时期/likelihood希望,可能(表示年纪,状况,亲属关系)后缀举例-ic/icslogic逻辑/magic魔术,魔力/physics物理学(表示学术,技术)-ice/isecaprice善变/treatise论述,论文-ingageing上年纪/clothing衣服(表示总称或具体意义)-ionopinion意见/assertion主张,断言(以-sion/-tion/-ation三种形态最为常见)-ismcriticism批评/exoticism异国情趣/communism共产主义(表示制度,主义,行为,状态)-itudeaptitude适当性,倾向/fortitude不屈不挠-itybrevity简短/curiosity好奇心-mentinstrument仪器/fulfillment实践,达成-monyharmony和谐/ceremony仪式/testimony证言,宣誓-nessfriendliness友好/adhesiveness黏性-rybravery英勇/treasury宝藏,国库-o(u)rbehavio(u)r行为/endeavo(u)r努力,尽力后缀举例-arydictionary字典/vocabulary字汇(表示集合体)-ary/-orydispensary药局/factory工厂(表示处所)-fulhandful一把,少数/monthful一口,少量(表示流满”,一..之量的意思)-merpolymer聚合体/dimer二量体(表示部分的意义)

-ologybiology生物学/ecology生态学(表示学科)AdjectiveSuffixesDe-nominalAdjectiveSuffixesDe-verbalAdjectiveSuffixesDe-nominalAdjectiveSuffixeslikeDe-nominalAdjectiveSuffixes(2)lessDe-nominalAdjectiveSuffixes(3)yDe-verbalAdjectiveSuffixes(1)De-verbalAdjectiveSuffixes(1)able(ible)De-verbalAdjectiveSuffixes(2)ful二、形容词后缀-able/-iblecomparable比得上的/explicable可解释的/audible可听见的(表示能···的意思)-alequal平等的/partial部分-ant/-entradiant发光的/diligent用心的-arfamiliar熟悉的/spectacular壮观的-ateornate装饰华丽的/cognate同族的-ary/-oryarbitrary独断的/compulsory强制的后缀举例-edaged年老的/sophisticated复杂的-engolden金制,金色的/earthen土,土制的-erneastern东方的/northern北方的(表方位)-fulregretful惋惜的/fruitful有利的(表充满的)-ic/icalelectric电子的/economical节约的/symbolical象征性的-ilefacile容易的/hostile敌视的(表易于的意思)-inedivine神圣,庄严的/genuine真正的-ingpressing紧迫,切实的/agonizing烦恼,苦闷的-iorinterior内部的/superior上好的-iqueunique独特的/antique古代的(表风格的)-ishselfish自私的/childish孩子气的-ivemassive巨大,厚重的/deductive推论,演绎的-lessaimless漫无目的的/groundless无根据的-iteinfinite无限的/opposite相对的favorite最喜爱的后缀举例-likechildlike孩子似的/womanlike女人似的-lyearthly地球的/leisurely从容的-mostforemost第一流的/utmost最大限度的-ousadvantageous有益的/vigorous精力充沛的-proofwaterproof防水的/foolproof万无一失的(防···的)-somewearisome使疲倦的/handsome帅的troublesome-wardbackward向后,落后的/awkward笨拙的-yfoggy朦胧的/icy如冰,极冷的VerbSuffixes(1)-ifymake,endowwithVerbSuffixes(2)izeinvolvingorrelatedtoVerbSuffixes(3)ateGiveormakeorbecome三、动词后缀-ateaccumulate累积,聚积/alternate交互,交替-uteattribute归因/persecute迫害,困扰-enlengthen加长,延长/worsen变化,恶化-esceevanesce消散/convalesce渐渐康复(动作开始)

-ify/efynullify使无效,取消/liquefy溶解,液化-erflutter飘动,飘飞/glitter闪烁(表示反复动作)-ishcherish珍爱/diminish减少,缩小-ize/-iseatronize赞助,惠顾/summarize摘要,概述/analyze分析-lestartle吃惊,惊吓/trickle细流/dazzle使眩眼

AdverbSuffixes(1)lyAdverbSuffixes(1)AdverbSuffixes(2)ward(s)四、副词后缀-foldhundredfold百倍地/trousandfold千倍地(表倍数)

-lyroughly约略地/absolutely绝对-ward/-wardssouthward向南地/inward向内地/afterwards其后(表示方向)

-way/-waysanyway无论如何/sideways斜地里/endways笔直地(表示方向或位置)-wiseotherwise不然的话/crosswise交叉地-ous:dangerous,poisonous-eous:righteous,gaseous-ious:laborious,contradictious-aceous:herbaceous,rosaceous-acious:rapacious,sagacious-aneous:contemporaneous,simultaneous-itious:suppositious,cementitious-uous:contemptuous,sensuou