2022年考研考博-考博英语-福建师范大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）试卷号22

住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-福建师范大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）（图片可根据实际调整大小）题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.单选题

Idon'tthinkJohnsonwillsucceedinhisnewjob,forheisnot（

）tothattypeofwork.

问题1选项

A.compatible

B.convenient

C.consistent

D.competent

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。compatible意为“兼容的，相容的”；convenient意为“方便的”；consistent意为“与……一致的，相符的”；competent意为“有能力的，能胜任的”。

句意：我认为Johnson在他的新工作上不会成功的，因为他不能胜任那种类型的工作。

2.单选题

Whenhetriedtomakea（

）,hefoundthatthehotelwascompletelyfilledbecauseofaconvention.

问题1选项

A.claim

B.booking

C.revision

D.reservation

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。claim意为“声称”；booking意为“预约，预定”；revision意为“修订，修改”；reservation意为“预订，预约”。makeareservation比较正式、规范；makeabooking更口语化。

句意：当他想订房时，他发现想入住的酒店由于有一个会议而住满了。

3.单选题

Heisholdinga（

）positioninthecompanyandexpectstobepromotedsoon.

问题1选项

A.successive

B.succeeding

C.subordinate

D.subsequent

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。successive意为“连续的，相继的”；succeeding意为“以后的，随后的”；subordinate意为“级别或职位较低的”；subsequent意为“后来的”。

句意：他在公司正处于一个低级的职位，他期望能很快晋升。

4.单选题

Ihavegivenyoumyadvice.Whetheryouwillactonitis（

）you.

问题1选项

A.upto

B.upfor

C.onto

D.forto

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。beuptosb.意为“取决于某人”。

句意：我已经给了你我的建议。是否采纳就看你了。

5.单选题

Thetreatywillbethe（

）oflastingpeace.

问题1选项

A.potential

B.enclosure

C.tribute

D.threshold

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。potential意为“可能性，潜在性”；enclosure意为“圈地，围场，附件”；tribute意为“致敬，悼念”；threshold意为“门槛，入口，开始”。

句意：这个条约将是持久和平的开端。

6.单选题

Don'tbehardonLilly.Sheis（

）andshemaystarttocry.

问题1选项

A.sophisticated

B.sympathetic

C.sensitive

D.sensible

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。sophisticated意为“老练的，见过世面的”；sympathetic意为“同情的，有同情心的”；sensitive意为“敏感的，易受影响的”；sensible意为“理智的，明智的”。

句意：别对莉莉太苛刻。她很敏感，她可能会哭了。

7.单选题

TheUSAhas10percentofthetotalpetroleum（

）oftheworldinitsownterritory,andhasbeenamajorproducerfordecades.

问题1选项

A.reservations

B.reserves

C.potentials

D.reservoirs

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。reservation意为“预约，保留地”；reserve意为“储备（量），储藏（量）”；potential意为“潜在的，有可能的”；reservoir意为“水库，蓄水池”。

句意：美国在自己的领土上拥有世界石油总储量的10%，几十年来一直是主要的生产国。

8.单选题

1.Lovehastoppledkings,inspiredpoets,sparkedwars,soothedbeasts,andchangedthecourseofhistory.Itiscreditedforlife'sgreatestjoys,blamedforthemostcrushingsorrows.Andofcourse,it"makestheworldgoaround."

2.Allofwhichisnosurprisetobiologists.Theyknowthatloveiscentraltohumanexistence.Wearenotjustprogrammedforreproduction.Thecapacityforlovingemotionsisalsowrittenintoourbiochemistry,essentialifchildrenaretogrowandtothrive.Andlove'sabsencecanbedevastating.Thelossofaspouseoftenhastensdeathinolderpeople.

3.Lovebeganwithmotherhood.Formammalianyoungtosurvive,mothersmustinvestconsiderabletimeandenergyinthem.Ofcourse,thevaryinggrowthratesofmammalianspeciesrequiresomemotherstoinvestmoretimeandenergythanothers.Anelephantsealsucklesherpupforonlyafewweeksbeforeabandoningit;otherspecies,includingelephants,someprimates,andespeciallypeople,lavishattentionontheiryoungforyears.

4.Withthehelpofoxytocin(achemicalthatfostersthebondbetweenmothersandchildren),dotingmothersareabletocatertotheiroffspring'severywhimandwhimper.Whenfemalesofmostmammalianspeciesgivebirth,theirbodiesarefloodedwithoxytocin,knownsince1906asahormonethatstimulatesuterinecontractionsandallowthebreaststo"letdown"milk.Butoxytocinalsoactsasaneurotransmitter,orchemicalmessenger,thatcanguidebehavior.Withoutit,aewecannotrecognizeherownlamb.Avirginfemaleratgivenashotofoxytocinwillnuzzleanotherfemale'spups,crouchingoverthemprotectivelyasiftheywereherown.

5.Studiesofasmallrodentknownastheprairievole,acuddlyballoffur,whosematingbondoflifelongmonogamywouldputmosthumancouplestoshame,indicateoxytocinmayalsoplayaroleintheheadyfeelingsassociatedwithromance."Youjustcan'timaginehowmuchtimetheseanimalsspendtogether.Prairievolesalwayswanttobewithsomebody,"saysCarter.Thevoles'undyingdevotionistheworknotonlyofoxytocinbutalsoofarelatedhormone,vasopressin.Whensinglemaleandfemaleprairievolesmeet;theycommenceatwo-day-longboutofsexthatreleasesoxytocininthefemale'sbrain,bondinghertothemale,whoprefershismate'scompanyaboveallothers,guardinghisfamilyagainstintruderswithajealoushusband'szeal.

6.Likesomehumanplayboys,maleprairievolesseemtogetakickoutofcourtshipmixedwithdanger.CarterandcolleagueCourtneyDeVriesmadeyoung,unmatedvolesswimforthreeminutesbeforeallowingthemtomeetaprospectivemate.Theexerciseelevatedtheanimals'stresshormones,whicharealsoheightenedbyfear.Butwhilefemalesscurriedoffaftertheswimwithoutbondingtothemalesastheynormallywould,malevolesbondedfasterthanever.

7.Humanbeings—unlikerodents—arenotentirelyslavestotheirhormones.Butthebehaviorofvolesmayholdcluestowhymenandwomensometimesholddivergentviewsofsexandromance.Whilemanywomenprefercandlelightandsweettalk,menaremoreapttowelcomearollinthehayanytime,anywhere.Forsomemen(andsomewomen),sexisespeciallyenticingwhenforbidden.CarterandDeVriessuspectstresshormonescaninterferewithoxytocin'sactioninthebrain,keepingafemalevolefrombonding,andperhapspreventingmostwomenfromfindingdangersexuallyexciting.Vasopressin,incontrast,appearstoworkbetterinthepresenceofcertainstresshormones,possiblymakingdangeranaphrodisiacformanymales.

8.Passionateorplatonic,loveaffectsthewholebody,settingtheheartpounding,makingthestomachdoflip-flops,andofcourse,lightingthelionsonfire.Thesevisceralsensationsaretheworkofthevagusnerve,whichtracesameanderingpaththroughthebody,coordinatingtheactivitiesofinternalorgans,saystheUniversityofMaryland'sStephenPorges.Thevagusferriessignalsbetweenourinnardsandourbrains,conveyinginformationupwardaboutourinternalstateandsendingordersdownfromthebraintotheheart,thestomach,thelungs,andthesexorgans.

9.Withoutthevagus,saysPorges,lovewouldbeimpossible.Onepartofthenerveisevolutionarilyancient,controllingprimitivefunctionssuchassex,hunger,andfear.This"old"vagusrespondstooxytocinandservesasthepathwaybetweensexualorgansandthebrainforfeelingsofbotharousalandsatiationaftersex.ButPorgesarguesthatinmammals,newerbranchesofthevagusalsoconnectemotionalbraincenterswiththeheart,theface,andthevocalequipment,helpingtocoordinatefeelingswithfacialandverbalexpression.

10.Inotherwords,thepoetsandbardswerefightaboutonething.Theheartspeaksthelanguageoflove.AsEnglishpoetW.H.Audenwrote:"Whereloveisstrengthened,hoperestored,inheartsbychemicalaccord.Itmaynotliterallyskipabeatatthesightofone'sdesireorbreakwithsorrow,buttheheart'srhythmsareexquisitelytunedtolove."

1.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfrompassageaboutelephantseals?

2.Thedifferentloveritualsemployedbymenandwomencouldbeattributedtothepresenceofwhichofthefollowing?

3.WhichofthefollowingcouldbethebestanalogytothevagusnervedescribedinParagraph8?

4.Animalsequippedonlywith"old"vaguscanNOTdowhichofthefollowing?

5.Thepurposeofthelastparagraphisto（

）.

问题1选项

A.Thefemalesareirresponsiblemothers.

B.Theiryoungtakelesstimetogrowupthanyoungelephants.

C.Theyhaveashorterlifespanthanelephants.

D.Theyreproducemorerapidlythanelephant.

问题2选项

A.Oxytocin.

B.Vasopressin.

C.Interactionofoxytocinandvasepressin.

D.Stresshormones.

问题3选项

A.Ahighwaybetweentwocites.

B.Airrouteslinkingmajorcitiesaroundtheworld.

C.TheWorldWideWeb.

D.CircuitslinkingtheCPUandtheaccessoriesinthecomputer.

问题4选项

A.Feelhungry.

B.Experiencefear.

C.Feelsexualarousal.

D.Faciallyexpressemotions.

问题5选项

A.indicatethatpoetsandbardsaremostcapableofexpressinglove

B.implythatloveisexpressedthroughtheheartratherthroughthefaceorthevoice

C.givesupporttothestatementthatnewerbranchesofvagusconnecttheemotionalbraincenterstotheheart,thefaceandthevocalequipment

D.drawaconclusionbasedonthefactsinthepreviousparagraph

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据题干中的elephantseals可定位到文章第三段中，由Anelephantsealsucklesherpupforonlyafewweeksbeforeabandoningit;otherspecies,includingelephants,someprimates,andespeciallypeople,lavishattentionontheiryoungforyears.（一只海象在抛弃它的幼仔之前只给它喂奶了几个星期；其他物种，包括大象、一些灵长类动物，特别是人类，多年来一直在关注他们的幼仔）可知B选项“海象的幼仔比小象花更少的时间长大”符合题意。

2.推理判断题。由文章第七段中的CarterandDeVriessuspectstresshormonescaninterferewithoxytocin'sactioninthebrain,keepingafemalevolefrombonding,andperhapspreventingmostwomenfromfindingdangersexuallyexciting.Vasopressin,incontrast,appearstoworkbetterinthepresenceofcertainstresshormones,possiblymakingdangeranaphrodisiacformanymales.（Carter和DeVries怀疑压力荷尔蒙会干扰大脑中的后叶催产素，阻止雌性田鼠与雄性结合，可能同样导致大多数女性认为危险并不具有性吸引力。相反，后叶加压素与压力荷尔蒙则产生不同的效果，可能促使多数男性认为危险具有性吸引力）可知压力荷尔蒙与不同的激素结合，在男性和女性身上会产生不同的效果，因此选D。

3.细节事实题。题干：以下哪项可能是第8段所述迷走神经的最佳类比？

由文章第八段中的Thevagusferriessignalsbetweenourinnardsandourbrains,conveyinginformationupwardaboutourinternalstateandsendingordersdownfromthebraintotheheart,thestomach,thelungs,andthesexorgans.（迷走神经在内脏和大脑之间传递信号，将身体内部状态向上传递给大脑，再将大脑指令传递给心脏、胃、肺以及性器官）可知D选项“连接CPU和计算机附件的电路”符合题意。

4.细节事实题。由文章第九段中的Onepartofthenerveisevolutionarilyancient,controllingprimitivefunctionssuchassex,hunger,andfear.（迷走神经的一部分从人类进化初期就出现，控制着性、饥饿和恐惧等原始功能）可知迷走神经不包括面部表情，因此选D。

5.主旨大意题。由文章最后一段第一句Inotherwords（换句话说）可知本段是对上一段的内容进行补充说明，由第九段最后一句ButPorgesarguesthatinmammals,newerbranchesofthevagusalsoconnectemotionalbraincenterswiththeheart,theface,andthevocalequipment,helpingtocoordinatefeelingswithfacialandverbalexpression.（但Porges认为，在哺乳动物中，迷走神经的新分支也连接大脑情感中心与心脏、脸部、发声器官、帮助协调感觉与面部和语言表达）可知C选项“支持一种说法，即迷走神经的新分支将大脑情感中心与心脏、面部和发声器官连接起来”符合题意。

9.单选题

Theyfearitcouldhavea(an)（

）effectonglobalfinancialmarkets.

问题1选项

A.sizeable

B.adverse

C.beneficial

D.consequential

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。sizeable意为“相当大的”；adverse意为“不利的，有害的”；beneficial意为“有利的，有益的”；consequential意为“随之而来的，重要的”。根据主句中的fear（害怕）可知此处应为具有负面含义的词，选B。

句意：他们害怕它会对全球金融市场产生不利的影响。

10.单选题

Theoutlineofthefigurewasbarely（

）inthedarkness.

问题1选项

A.susceptible

B.perceptive

C.invisible

D.perceptible

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。susceptible意为“易受影响的”；perceptive意为“有知觉力的”；invisible意为“看不见的”；perceptible意为“可理解的，可认识的”。

句意：没有一丝光，这个图形的轮廓很难在黑暗中辨认。

11.单选题

Agoodscientist（

）intoallaspectsofaprobleminordertofindsolutions.

问题1选项

A.pricks

B.pokes

C.probes

D.peers

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。prick意为“刺，扎，戳”；poke意为“戳，捅”；probe意为“追问，探究”；peer意为“凝视”。

句意：一个好的科学家会探究一个问题的所有方面去找到解决方案。

12.单选题

Peter'sbodytemperaturehasbeen（

）foraweek,thehighestpointreaching39.5degreecentigrade.

问题1选项

A.abnormal

B.disordered

C.uncommon

D.extraordinary

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。abnormal意为“反常的，异常的”；disordered意为“混乱的”；uncommon意为“不常有的，罕见的”；extraordinary意为“非凡的”。

句意：彼得的体温不正常已经持续一周了，最高温度达到39.5度。

13.单选题

Themanager,（

）alettertohissecretary.

问题1选项

A.pledged

B.conveyed

C.surveyed

D.dictated

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。pledge意为“保证，誓言”；convey意为“传达，传递”；survey意为“调查”；dictate意为“口述”。

句意：经理向秘书口授一封信。

14.单选题

Herhonestyis（

）,nobodycandoubtit.

问题1选项

A.outofthequestion

B.withoutquestion

C.inquestion

D.besidethequestion

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组辨析。outofthequestion意为“不可能的，不必谈的”；withoutquestion意为“毫无疑问”；inquestion意为“考虑之中的，被谈论着的”；besidethequestion意为“不相关，不切题”。

句意：她的诚实是毫无疑问的，没有人能怀疑它。

15.单选题

Idon'tthinkthechargeforoverhaulingtheequipmentisexcessivein（

）toitssize.

问题1选项

A.correspondence

B.equation

C.proportion

D.dimension

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。correspondence意为“一致，符合”；equation意为“方程式，等式，相等”；proportion意为“份额，比例”，inproportionto意为“与……成比例，与……相称”；dimension意为“尺寸，规模”。

句意：相对于它的尺寸来说，我认为大修这个设备所花的费用并不过分。

16.单选题

PeoplewithADHDhavedifficultykeepingtheirmindsononething;theymayrunintothestreetwithoutlooking,（

）inappropriatecommentsinclass,andinterruptconversations.

问题1选项

A.blurtout

B.breakinto

C.makeout

D.crushout

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。blurtout意为“脱口而出”；breakinto意为“闯入”；makeout意为“理解，看出”；crushout意为“扑灭，熄灭”。

句意：多动症患者很难把注意力集中在一件事上；他们会不看路就跑到街上去，在班级里脱口而出不合适的言论，也会打断谈话。

17.单选题

Whenyoupackthepears,pleasebecarefulsothattheywon’tget（

）.

问题1选项

A.bruised

B.blushed

C.injured

D.mature

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。bruise意为“撞伤，擦伤”；blush意为“脸红，羞愧”；injure意为“(尤指在事故中)伤害，损害”；mature意为“成熟”。

句意：当你打包梨子时，请小心点，不要把梨子摩擦坏了。

18.单选题

Youmay（

）earlyasyouhavetocatchanearlytraintomorrow.

问题1选项

A.remain

B.reverse

C.retreat

D.retire

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。remain意为“保留”；reverse意为“颠倒，翻转”；retreat意为“撤退，离开”；retire意为“退休”。

句意：你可能要早点离开了，因为你明早还要去赶火车。

19.单选题

Thelaughterathisjokesisneverforced,butalways（

）.

问题1选项

A.homogeneous

B.simultaneous

C.spontaneous

D.instantaneous

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。homogeneous意为“同性质的，同类的”；simultaneous意为“同时发生的，同时存在的”；spontaneous意为“自发的”；instantaneous意为“瞬间的”。

句意：他讲笑话时人们从来不是被迫笑的，而是自发的笑。

20.单选题

Nearlyeverybodycheats,butusuallyonlyalittle.ThatisoneofthethemesinDnanelAriely’snewbook“the(Honest)TruthAboutDishonesty”.Mostofusthinkweareverywonderful.Wecancheatatalittleandstillkeepthat“goodparson”identity.

Ariely,whoisoneofthemostcreativesocialscientistsontheplanet,hadoneblindcolleagueandonesightedcolleaguetakerides.Thedriverscheatedthesightedcolleaguebytakinglongroutesmuchmoreoftenthantheycheatedtheblindone,eventhoughshewouldhavebeeneasiertomislead.Theywouldhavefeltguiltycheatingablindwoman.Arielypointsoutthatwearedrivenbymoralitymuchmorethanstandardeconomicmodelsallow.ButIwasstruckbywhatyoumightcallthegoodpersonconstructandthemoralcalculusitimplies.Forthepastseveralcenturies,mostwesternerswouldhaveidentifiedthemselvesfundamentallyasdepravedsinners.Inthisconstruct,sinissomethingyoufightlikearecurringcancer―partofadailybattleagainstevil.

Butthesedays,peoplearemorelikelytobelieveintheiressentialgoodness.Peoplewholivebythegoodpersonconstructtrytobalancetheirvirtuousself-imagewiththeirselfishdesires.Theytrytomanagethemoralplusesandminusesandkeeptheiroverallrecordinpositiveterritory.Inthisconstruct,morallifeismorelikedieting:thegoodpersonisn’tshootingforperfectionandmorethanmostdietersarefollowingtheirdiet100percent.It’senoughtobeworkablysuboptimalandagenerallygoodguy.

Obviously,though,there’sameasurementproblem.Youcanbuyaweightscaletogetanobjectivemeasureofyourdiet.Butyoucan’tbuyascaleofvirustoputonthebathroomfloor.Andgivenourawesomecapacitiesforrationalizationandself-deception,mostofusaregoingtomeasureourselvesleniently.IwashonestwiththatblindpassengerbecauseIamawonderfulperson.Icheatedthesightedonebecausesheprobablyhastoomuchmoneyanyway.

Thekeyjobinthegoodpersonconstructistomanageyourrationalizationsandself-deceptionstokeepthemfromgettingconspicuous.Arielysuggestsyouresetyourmoralgaugefromtimetotime.Yourmoralstandardswillgraduallyslipasyoubecomemoreandmorecomfortableyou’reyourownrationalizations.

I’daddthatyoureallyshouldn’tshootforgoodness,whichissovague.We’remostlyunqualifiedtojudgeourownmoralperformance,soattachyourselftosomeexteriororsocialstandards.Andaswegoaboutdoingourgoodpersonmoraleducations,itmightbeworthasking:Isthisgoodenough?

1.TowhichofthefollowingstatementwouldArielyagree?

2.Westerntraditionalculturemaintainedthathumannatureis（

）.

3.Accordingtotheauthor,goodpersonconstruct

（

）.

4.Theword“leniently”inparagraph4mostprobablymeans（

）.

问题1选项

A.AbitofdeceptioninvitesnoHarm.

B.Weareunlikelytobetrulyhonest.

C.Wearedrivenbyeconomicmodels.

D.Peopletendtoclingtomoralcodes.

问题2选项

A.inherentlygood

B.subjecttoexteriorinfluence

C.geneticallydetermined

D.originallyevil

问题3选项

A.isdesirableforitsmoralimplications

B.contributetotheresistancetoinnersin

C.ismorelikelytoencouragedishonesty

D.caneaseconflictsbetweenvirtuesandselfishness

问题4选项

A.honestly

B.falsely

C.tolerantly

D.subjectively

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。由文章第一段中的Nearlyeverybodycheats,butusuallyonlyalittle.ThatisoneofthethemesinDnanelAriely’snewbook“the(Honest)TruthAboutDishonesty”.（几乎人人都会欺骗他人，虽然通常只是一点点。这也是DnanelAriely的新书《不诚实的事实》中的主题之一）可知B选项“我们不太可能真正诚实”符合题意。

2.细节事实题。由文章第二段中的Forthepastseveralcenturies,mostwesternerswouldhaveidentifiedthemselvesfundamentallyasdepravedsinners.（在过去的几个世纪里，大多数西方人都会认定自己从根本上是堕落的罪人）可知选D，西方传统文化认为人性本恶。

3.推理判断题。由文章第三段中的It’senoughtobeworkablysuboptimalandagenerallygoodguy.（成为一个欠佳的人，但总体上是一个好人就足够了）可推测在goodpersonconstruct结构下人们对自己的要求降低了，以及本文主要讲的是关于诚实的话题，那么人们也就不那么诚实了，因此选C。

4.词义题。honestly意为“诚实地”；falsely意为“虚伪地，不实地”；tolerantly意为“宽容地，包容地”；subjectively意为“主观地”。由Andgivenourawesomecapacitiesforrationalizationandself-deception,mostofusaregoingtomeasureourselvesleniently.（鉴于我们在合理化和自欺欺人方面令人敬畏的能力，我们大多数人都会……衡量自己）可知我们会用欺骗的手段合理化自己行为，因此排除A、D选项；由leniently后面句中的Iamawonderfulperson可知我们给自己的定位是好人，可排除B选项，因此选C。

21.单选题

Wecan（

）aconclusionfromthesefactswehavecollected.

问题1选项

A.generalize

B.nominate

C.label

D.integrate

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。generalize意为“概括，归纳”；nominate意为“提名，任命”；label意为“贴标签于”；integrate意为“(使)合并，成为一体”。

句意：我们可以从收集到的这些事实中归纳出一个结论。

22.单选题

MostpeopledonotknowthatJulietteGordonLow,thefounderoftheGirlScoutsofAmerica,wasdeaf.Shebegantoloseherhearingwhenshewas17,andbecamealmosttotallydeafinheradulthood.

JuliettemarriedWilliamMackayLowandtheywenttoEnglandtolive.JuliettebecameinterestedintheGirlGuidesAssociationthere.Sheobservedtheirmeetingsandwasveryimpressedbecausethegirlsacquiredmanyusefulskills.Theylearnedhowtocook,knit,tieknotsandgivefirstaid.Theyalsolearnedaboutthehistoryoftheflag.Moreover,theydevelopedimportantsocialskillsastheylearnedhowtoworktogether.Juliettethoughtthatgirlseverywhereshouldhavethisopportunity,soshedecidedtoorganizemoretroops.

JulietteorganizedseveralGirlGuidestroopsinbothEnglandandScotland.Sinceshecouldnotdoalltheworkherself,shehadtoaskotherwomentohelpher.Sometimesthewomenwerereluctanttogivetheirtimeduetofamilyresponsibilities.However,Juliettewasaverydeterminedwoman.Whenthewomenrefused,shewouldpretendthatshedidn'tunderstandwhattheysaid.Asaresult,thewomenhelpedherinspiteofbeingbusy.

Juliettealwayspersevereduntilshemotivatedotherstohelpherwithhergoals.OneencounterthatrequiredherpersistencehappenedwhileshewasinScotland.Shewaswalkingalongaroadonedaywhenshecametoastream.Theonlywayacrossthestreamwasbyafootlog,andJuliettewasafraidtocrossitalone.Shewaswonderingwhattodowhenshesawapeddlercomingdowntheroad.Shetoldthepeddlertogoacrossthebridgefirst,andshewouldfollowwithherhandonhisshoulder.Althoughthepeddlerstartedtoprotest,herstubborninsistenceagainpaidoff.Hereluctantlyledheracrossthefootbridge.Oncetheyweresafelyontheotherside,thepeddlerexplainedtoherthathewasblind!

WhenJuliettecamebacktoAmericaforavisit,shestartedthefirstGirlGuidestroopinthecountryinherhometown,Savannah.BythetimeshewentbacktoEnglandsixmonthslater,thereweresixGirlGuidetroopsinSavannah.Atthattime,thegirlseachmadetheirownuniforms.

In1913,theGirlGuideschangeditsnametotheGirlScouts.JulietteLowcamebacktoSavannahthatsameyear.ShedecidedthatthereshouldbeGirlScouttroopsallovertheUnitedStates,sosheworkedtowardthatgoal.ThefirstnationalGirlScoutconventionwasheldinWashingtonD.C,onJune10,1915.

JuliettediedinSavannahonJanuary17,1927.Thankstoher,therearenowGirlScoutsallovertheworld.Juliette'shomeinSavannahisanationalGirlScoutcenter.

"Sometimesthewomenwerereluctanttogivetheirtimeduetofamilyresponsibilities.”Thissentencemeans（

）.

1.Themainideaofthispassagecanbestbestatedas

（

）.

2.“...JuliettestartedthefirstGirlGuidestroopinthecountryinherhometown,Savannah.BythetimeshewentbacktoEnglandsixmonthslater,thereweresixGirlGuidetroopsin3.Savannah.”Fromthisstatementwecanassumethat

（

）.

4.Juliettedidthingsinthisorder:

（

）.

5.Afterreadingthepassage,wecanassumethat（

）.

问题1选项

A.thewomenwereeagertohelpherstartGirlGuidestroops

B.thewomenwantedtohelp,buthadsomethingduethattheyneededtoworkon

C.thewomenwereinchargeofotherfamilies

D.thewomendidn'twanttohelpherbecausetheyweretoobusywiththeirfamilies

问题2选项

A.JulietteLow,adeafwoman,useddeterminationandpersistencetostartGirlScouttroopsallovertheworld

B.JulietteLow,adeafwoman,wasverypushyandalwaysgotwhatshewanted

C.JulietteLow,adeafwoman,traveledtomanydifferentplacesinherlifetimebutendedupbackinSavannah

D.withoutJuliette,theGirlScoutswouldstillonlyBritishphenomenon.

问题3选项

A.JuliettelikedtheuniformstheGirlGuideswore

B.otherpeoplesetuptheirowntroopsbecausetheywerejealousofJuliette

C.Juliettehelpedtostartallsixofthesetroops

D.thegirlsinthefirsttrooparguedandhadtobeseparatedintosixdifferenttroops

问题4选项

A.wenttoEngland,marriedWilliam,watchedtheGirlGuidesmeetings,organizedherownGirlGuidestroops.

B.watchedtheGirlGuidesmeetings,wenttoEngland,marriedWilliam,organizedherownGirlGuidestroops.

C.marriedWilliam,wenttoEngland,organizedherownGirlGuidestroops,watchedtheGirlGuidesmeetings.

D.marriedWilliam,wenttoEngland,watchedtheGirlGuidesmeetings,organizedherownGirlGuidestroops.

问题5选项

A.Juliettehadtoworkbecauseherhusbanddidn'tmakeenoughmoney

B.Julietteenjoyedbeingbusyandhelpingothers

C.JuliettewantedtobeaGirlGuideherself,butshewastooold

D.Juliette'shusbanddidn'tapproveofherinvolvementinthisassociation

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】1.推理判断题。bereluctantto意为“不愿意，不情愿”，dueto意为“由于”。由文章第三段中的Sinceshecouldnotdoalltheworkherself,shehadtoaskotherwomentohelpher.Sometimesthewomenwerereluctanttogivetheirtimeduetofamilyresponsibilities...Asaresult,thewomenhelpedherinspiteofbeingbusy.（由于她不能自己做所有的工作，所以她不得不请其他妇女帮助她。有时，由于家庭责任，这些妇女不愿意花时间……结果，尽管很忙，妇女们还是帮助了她）可知A选项说法不正确，这些妇女刚开始的时候并不乐意帮助她，B选项与duetofamilyresponsibilities不符，故排除，C选项在文中没有提及，故排除，因此选D。

2.主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了JulietteLow虽然耳朵听不到，但她一直为在世界各地建立女童子军坚持不懈地努力，因此选A。

3.推理判断题。由文章第五段中的shestartedthefirstGirlGuidestroopinthecountryinherhometown,Savannah.BythetimeshewentbacktoEnglandsixmonthslater,thereweresixGirlGuidetroopsinSavannah.（她在家乡萨凡纳组建了第一支女童子军。六个月后，当她回到英国时，萨凡纳有六支女童子军）可知C选项说法不正确，Juliette只组建了一支女童子军，故排除；A选项文中没有提及，故排除；在根据后面的Atthattime,thegirlseachmadetheirownuniforms（那时，女孩们各自制作了自己的制服）可知D选项“第一个女童子军团的女孩因争论，不得不分成六支军团”最为恰当。

4.细节事实题。由文章第二段中的JuliettemarriedWilliamMackayLowandtheywenttoEnglandtolive.JuliettebecameinterestedintheGirlGuidesAssociationthere.Sheobservedtheirmeetings和第三段中的JulietteorganizedseveralGirlGuidestroopsinbothEnglandandScotland内容可知Juliette先是嫁给了William，然后再去的英国，在那里她对GirlGuidesAssociation产生了兴趣并仔细观察她们的会议，最后她组建了自己的女童子军，因此选D。

5.推理判断题。文章中只提到了Juliette耳朵听不到，嫁给了William，就没有Juliette的其他信息，故排除A、D，C选项文章也没有提及，只能通过Juliette为建立女童子军所做的努力，推测她是一个乐于助人的人，因此选B。

23.单选题

Heusually（

）hisemotionsandappearscalm.

问题1选项

A.holdsup

B.holdsback

C.holdson

D.holdstight

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。holdup意为“举起”；holdback意为“退缩，忍住，抑制住”；holdon意为“等一下，坚持不懈，握住”；holdtight意为“抓紧，抓牢，暂不行动”。

句意：他通常会控制自己的情绪，表现得很平静。

24.单选题

About50yearsagotheideaofdisabledpeopledoingsportswasneverheardof.ButwhentheannualgamesforthedisabledwerestartedatStrokeMandeville,Englandin1948bySirLudwigGuttmann,thesituationbegantochange.SirLudwigGuttmann,whohadbeendriventoEnglandin1939fromNaziGermany,hadbeenaskedbytheBritishgovernmenttosetupaninjuriescenteratStrokeMandevilleHospitalnearLondon.Hisideasabouttreatinginjuriesincludedsportsforthedisabled.

Inthefirstgamesjusttwoteamsofinjuredsoldierstookpart.Thenextyear,1949,fiveteamstookpart.Fromthosebeginningsthingsdevelopedfast.TeamsnowcomefromabroadtoStrokeMandevilleeveryyear.In1960thefirstOlympicsfortheDisabledwereheldinRome.Now,everyfouryears,theOlympicGamesfortheDisabledareheld,ifpossible,inthesameplaceasthenormalOlympicGames,althoughtheyareorganizedseparately.InotheryearsGamesfortheDisabledarestillheldatStrokeMandeville.Inthe1984wheelchairOlympicGames,1604wheelchairathletesfromabout40countriestookpart.Unfortunately,theywereheldatStrokeMandevilleandnotinLosAngles,alongwiththeotherOlympics.

TheGameshavebeenagreatsuccessinpromotinginternationalfriendshipandunderstanding,andinprovingthatbeingdisableddoesnotmeanyoucan'tenjoysports.Onesmallsourceofdisappointmentforthosewhoorganizeandtakepartinthegames,however,hasbeentheunwillingnessoftheInternationalOlympicCommitteetoincludethedisabledeventsattheOlympicGamesfortheable-bodied.Perhapsafewmoreyearsarestillneededtoconvincethosefortunateenoughnottobedisabledthattheirdisabledfellowathletesshouldnotbeexcluded.

1.Thefirstgamesforthedisabledwereheld（

）afterSirLudwigGuttmannarrivedinEngland.

2.BesidesStrokeMandeville,surelythegameforthedisabledwasonceheldin（

）.

3.InParagraph2theword"athlete"means

（

）.

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementisNOTtrue?

5.Fromthepassagewemayconcludethatwriteris（

）.

问题1选项

A.50years

B.21years

C.9years

D.4years

问题2选项

A.NewYork

B.London

C.Rome

D.LosAngeles

问题3选项

A.peoplewhosupportthegame

B.Peoplewhowatchthegame

C.peoplewhoorganizedthegame

D.peoplewhocompeteinthegame

问题4选项

A.SirLudwigGuttmannisanearlyorganizerofthegamesforthedisabled.

B.SirLudwigGuttmannisaninjuredsoldier.

C.Sir