2023学年江西省等三省十校高三下学期联合考试英语试题（含解析）

2023学年高考英语模拟测试卷注意事项1．考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。2．试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分必须用2B铅笔作答；第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。3．考试结束后，考生须将试卷和答题卡放在桌面上，待监考员收回。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Mr.Zhanggavealltextbookstoallthepupils,except____________whohadalreadytakenthem.A．theseB．onesC．thoseD．theothers2．Whenallissaidanddone,theredoesn’tseemtobe________amysterytoexplain.A．kindof B．closetoC．farfrom D．muchof3．WhileinteractingwithpeopleinIndia,Iwas________toawayoflifecompletelydifferentfrommyown.A．reducedB．exposedC．committedD．transferred4．Yourdonationgreatlyappreciatedandthemoneywillbeusedtohelpthestudentsfrompoorfamilies.A．hasbeenB．isC．wasD．hadbeen5．—Ithinkthepaperistakingyoualongtimetowrite.—I______onitforalmostamonthnow.A．workedB．wasworkingC．amworkingD．havebeenworking6．IbrokemyrelationshipwithPeterbecausehealwaysfound_______withme.A．errorB．failureC．mistakeD．fault7．—Idon’tcareforbaseball.—Howcanyousayyoudon’tlikesomethingyou’venevereventriedit!A．till B．after C．unless D．when8．HadMarynotbeenhurtinthecaraccident,________thenextweek’smarathon.A．shewouldrun B．shewouldhaverunC．shewillrun D．shemusthaverun9．Wehavealreadydiscussedthisplan_____,sonextweshouldsparenoefforttocarryitout.A．atlength B．atrandom C．atease D．atbest10．Theinnerthoughtsofthetwoyoungpersonsarerevealedinthebook,______bothofthemfailtoexpress.A．where B．whenC．who D．which11．GeneralSecretary,XiJinping,stressedthatcross－straitcooperationwouldbestrengthened________thetwosidescouldagreetoopposeTaiwanindependence．A．unless B．evenifC．aslongas D．until12．Haveyoueverbeeninasituation______youknowtheotherpersonisrightyetyoucannotagreewithhim?A．where B．which C．that D．as13．—Iknowitisreallyalottoask,butcanIuseyourapartmentduringthesummer?—________.Ihappentobeoutoftown.Itisallforyourtaking.A．BehaveyourselfB．BemyguestC．HavefunD．Takecare14．Whathelikedtodowastotakeanideaand______itbyfindingeverypossibleconsequence.A．squeeze B．wrestleC．switch D．shrink15．--Canyousparemeafewminutesnow?--______,butI’llbefreethisafternoon.A．I’mafraidnot B．I’mnotsureC．Yes,withpleasure D．No,Iwon’t16．Newenergy-sharingprojects_____indozensofcitiesacrossthecountrytofuelChina’ssharingeconomyinthenextfewyears.A．aretocarryout B．arebeingcarriedoutC．werecarriedout D．willhavebeencarriedout17．Ifyouleavethisapplicationformandgotoanotherwebsite,youwilllose______youhavealreadyfilledoutonthisform.A．whateverB．whoeverC．whereverD．whenever18．—Guesswhat!Icameacrossanoldfriendatthestationlastweekend.—I’msureyoutalkedwithhimhappily.A．Soundsgood! B．Verywell.C．Hownice! D．Allright.19．.---Wouldyouhavetoldhimtheanswerhaditbeenpossible?.---Iwouldhave,butI_____sobusythen.A．hadbeen B．were C．was D．wouldbe20．Forthousandsofyears,poetrythefavoritetypeofliteratureformanyinChina.A．isB．hasbeenC．wasD．willbe第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）Theadvancementofhumancivilizationispossiblejustbecauseofenormouscontributionmadebyscientists.Theyareoneofthemostinfluentialpeopleoftoday’sworld.Withpracticaladvantagesinengineering,medicine,andtechnology,theyhavehelpedustogrowbetterunderstandingabouttheworldanddifferentworkingphenomenonthatgovernsus.Theirnamesarerememberedinthesandsoftimefortheirworkinthewelfareofmankindwithdifferentinventionsthathasmadeourmodernliveseasy.Hereisalistofthefourgreatscientistswe’veeverseenwhochangedtheworld.LouisPasteur(1822-1895)Pasteurcontributedgreatlytowardstheadvancementofmedicalsciencesdevelopingcuresforrabies,anthraxandotherinfectiousdiseases.Healsoinventedtheprocessofpasteurization（加热杀菌法）tomakemilksafertodrink.Heprobablysavedmorelivesthananyotherperson.OttoHahn(1879-1968)HahnwasaGermanchemistwhodiscoverednuclearfission（裂变）in1939.Hewasapioneeringscientistinthefieldofradio-chemistry,anddiscoveredradioactiveelementsin1921.HewasawardedtheNobelPrizeforChemistryin1944.NikolaTesla(1856-1943)Teslaworkedonelectro-magnetismandACcurrent.Heobtainedaround300patentsworldwideforhisinventionsfromelectricitytoradiotransmission,butmanyinventionsdevelopedbyTeslawerenotputintopatentprotection.Heplayedakeyroleinthedevelopmentofmodernelectricity.JamesClerkMaxwell(1831-1879)Maxwellmadegreatprogressinunderstandingelectro-magnetism.Hisresearchinelectricityandkineticslaidthefoundationforquantum（量子）physics.EinsteinsaidofMaxwell,“TheworkofJamesClerkMaxwellchangedtheworldforever.”1、WhatcontributiondidLouisPasteurmaketosociety?A．Thedevelopmentofmedicine.B．Radio-chemistry.C．Modernelectricity.D．Quantumphysics.2、WhowasthoughthighlyofbyEinstein?A．LouisPasteur.B．OttoHahn.C．NikolaTesla.D．JamesClerkMaxwell.3、Whatcanweinferaboutthefourpeople?A．Theyaremedicalpioneers.B．TheyareNobelPrizewinners.C．Theyaregreatcontributorstosociety.D．Theyarefoundersofmodernphysics.22．（8分）Inafewdecades,AI(ArtificialIntelligence)willoutstrip(超越)manyoftheabilitieswebelievemakeusspecial.Thisisagrandchallengeforourage,anditmayrequireaneffectiveresponse.Withcomputersconqueringwhatusedtobedeeplyhumantasks,whatwillitmeaninthefuturetobehuman?Someareworriedthatself-drivingcarsandtrucksmaydisplacemillionsofprofessionaldrivers,anddisruptentireindustries.ButIworryaboutmysix-year-oldson.Whatwillhisplacebeinaworldwheremachinesconquerusinoneareaafteranother?Whatwillhedo,andhowwillherelatetotheseever-smartermachines?Whatwillbehisandhishumanpeers’contributiontotheworldhe’lllivein?Actually,itallcomesdowntoafairlysimplequestion:What’ssospecialaboutus,andwhat’sourlastingvalue?Itcan’tbeskillslikearithmeticortyping.Norcanitberationality(理性),becausewithallouremotionswehumansarelackingit.Soperhapswemightwanttoconsiderqualitiesatadifferentangle:bravecreativity,irrationaloriginality,evenadoseofplainillogicalcraziness,insteadofhard-nosedlogic.Iamnotsuggestingwegiveuponreason,logic,andcriticalthinking.Infact,justbecauseIthinksohighlyofthevaluesweassociatewithrationality,Idobelievewemightwanttocelebrateabitoftheopposite.Sowemustaimourhumancontributiontothisdivisionoflabortocomplement(补充)therationalityofthemachines,ratherthantocompetewithit,becausethatwillsustainablydifferentiateusfromthem,anditisdifferentiationthatcreatesvalue.Whatshouldwedo?IfIamright,weshoulddevelopacreativespirit,evenirrationalideasasweeducateourchildren.Unfortunately,however,oureducationsystemhasnotcaughtuptothecomingrealityofthisSecondMachineAge.Ourschoolsanduniversitiesarestructuredtomold(塑造)pupilstobemostlyservantsofrationality,andtodevelopoutdatedskillsininteractingwithoutdatedmachines.1、Whatdoestheauthorworryabout?A．Manypeople’slosingtheirjobs.B．Humanbeings’positionintheworld.C．Machines’conqueringhumanbeings.D．Manyautomaticmachines’appearing.2、Whatdotheunderlinedwords“theopposite”inParagraph6referto?A．Irrationalbehaviors.B．Reasonableactivities.C．Dangerousmoves.D．Logicthinking.3、Whatshouldwedotodealwiththefuturechallengesfrommachines?A．Trytocopytheirexamples.B．Trytodobetterthanthem.C．Trytodowhattheycan’tdo.D．Trytobesmarterthanthem.4、What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardtoday’seducation?A．Unclear.B．Confused.C．Confident.D．Disappointed.23．（8分）Fromthelossofwildlifetorisingsealevels,we’reallwellawareoftheproblemsthatclimatechangecouldcause.Butwhileitmayseemlikesuchissueswon’taffectmostofusdirectly,itlookslikefuturegenerationscouldgrowupwithoutsomethingthatmanyofusnowtakeforgranted:chocolate.AccordingtoanessaypublishedbytheUSNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration,changestotheclimateintheregionsthatproducecacao-theplantfromwhichchocolateisproduced-maymeanthatitwillsoonbecomeextinct.Mostoftheworld’scacaogrowsincountriesclosetotheequator,withoverhalfofitgrowingintheAfricannationsofGhanaandIvoryCoast.It’spredictedthatby2050,climatechangewillhaveacceleratedtherateatwhichtemperaturesinthesecountriesrise,makingitextremelydifficultforcacaotogrowthere.Theproblemdoesn’tlieinincreasedheat,however,butinlowerhumidity(湿度),asit’sbelievedthatrainfallwillstayatthesamelevelifthetemperaturerises.“Inotherwords,ashighertemperaturessqueezemorewateroutofsoilandplants,it’sunlikelythatrainfallwillincreaseenoughtooffsetthemoisture(含水量)loss,”MichonScott,theessay’sauthor,wrote.Tohelpfightthisproblem,researchersfromBerkeleyUniversityintheUSareworkingonchangingtheDNAofcacaoplantstoallowthemtosurviveindryerconditionsbyusinggeneeditingtechnology,accordingtoUSNews.Inthemeantime,UScompanyMars,oneoftheworld’sbiggestmanufacturersofchocolateproducts,announcedinJanuarythatitwouldspend$1billiontohelpreducetheeffectsofclimatechange.“Thisisaworldissue,anditrequireseveryonetoworktogether,”MarsspokespersonBarryParkintoldBusinessInsider.Themessagehereisthatifwealldoourpart,wemaybeabletopreventsomeoftheworstimpactsofclimatechange.Orifwe’reunlucky,chocolatewillbecomeathingofthepast.1、Whatcouldmakeithardforcacaotosurvivearoundtheequatorinthefuture?A．Theincreasedheatthere.B．Thehigherhumiditythere.C．Thedecreaseinrainfallthere.D．Themoisturelossinthesoilthere.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“offset”intheseventhparagraphmean?A．holdbackB．makeupforC．protectD．accept3、WhatwillUScompanyMarsdotohelpcacaosurvive?A．Itwillworkhardtoplantcacaoingreenhouses.B．Itwillapplygeneeditingtechnologyinplantingcacao.C．Itwillgivefinancialsupporttohelpfightclimatechange.D．Itwilldevelopcacaothatcansurviveindryerconditions.4、Whatmaybethebesttitleofthistext?A．ChocolatecouldbecomehistoryB．WorktogethertofightclimatechangeC．Howdowegrowcacaointhefuture?D．Howdocacaoplantsaffectclimatechange?24．（8分）Asafirstresponder,youneverknowwhattypeofsituationyoumightwalkinto,orwhoyou’llmeetalongtheway.That’sdefinitelybeenthecaseforJeffreyLanenberg,a51-year-oldparamedic(急救医务人员)since1984.Tenyearsintothejob,Lanenbergreceivedacallthatreportedthatamaninhisearly30shadfallendownintheMallofAmerica.WhenLanenbergandhispartnerarrivedatthescene,theyfoundtheyoungmalefacedownontheground.Hehadgoneunconscious,makingweakattemptstobreathe.Hiswifestoodbesidehimholdingtheirsmallsoninhorror.Theyquicklyrushedtodefibrillate(除颤)andcalmthemantokeephimundercontrol.AfterLanenbergdroppedthepatientoffattheneighboringhospital,hethoughtaboutthemanandhisfamilyforalongtime.LanenbergthoughthehadexperiencedeverythingunderthesununtilonerandomvisittoOfficeMaxthreeyearsago,wherehemetamanrepeatedlywalkbackandforthwhilestaringathim.Asitturnedout,themanwasthepatienthehadsaved20yearsearlier.＂Yougaveme20yearsmorethanIeverthoughtI’dhave,＂themansaid.HethankedLanenbergrepeatedlyandtoldhimhehadsomeonehewantedhimtomeet.Hesteppedaroundthecornerandreappearedwitha20-something-year-oldman.Lanenberginstantlyknewthatitwasthesonhehadseenstandingbyhismotherallthoseyearsago.＂Thatdaychangedmylife,＂Lanenbergsaid.＂Beforethat,everythingwasaboutwork…WhenItalktomybeginner-trainingclass,Itellthemyouneverknowtheimpactyoucanhaveonsomeone’slife.＂1、WhatdidLanenbergdowiththeyoungman?A．Hegavethemanthefirstaid. B．Hecuredthemanatthescene.C．Heonlysentthemantohospital. D．Hetookcareoftheman’swifeandson.2、WhatdidLanenbergthinkoftheencounterwiththeman?A．Itwasunbelievable. B．Itwasacommonroutine.C．Itwasamatterofcourse. D．Itwasadangeroussituation.3、WhywasthemanthankfultoLanenberg?A．Lanenberghelpedbringuphislittleson.B．Lanenbergdonatedtosupporthisfamily.C．Lanenberggavehimthepresenthappylife.D．Lanenbergtaughthissontobeanewdoctor.4、HowdidthemeetingchangeLanenberg’slife?A．Hechangedhisattitudetohisjob.B．Hewasrewardedwithmuchmoney.C．Hegotapromotiontobeateamleader.D．Hetookupteachingworktotrainnewcomers.25．（10分）Overthepastfewyears,smarthometechhasbecomemoreandmoreaccessibleandit’sincreasinglyeasytofindthatyou’veboughtaproductthatincludessmarthomefeatures.Sowhatdoesamodemsmarthomelooklike,andhowcanyoustartbuildingone?Youcouldgettostartmakingyourhomesmarterbythefollowinggadgets.Ecobee4*Measuringbothoccupancyandtemperature,itssensorssignalyourEcobeetoautomaticallyswitchtotherightmode.*Itonlytakesabout30minutes.thankstoaneasy-to-followinstallationguideandanin-appstep-by-stepwalkthrough.*Easilyadjusttemperatureusingyourvoicewithbuilt-inAlexaorfromwhereveryouareusingyourmobiledevices.AmazonSmartPlug*AmazonSmartPlugworkswithAlexatoaddvoicecontrol.*Schedulelights,fans,andappliancestoturnonandoffautomatically,orcontrolthemremotelywhenyou’reaway.*It’ssimpletosetupanduse.Plugin,openAlexaapp,andstartusingyourvoice.ThePhilipsHueWhiteSmartBulb*ItworkswithAmazonAlexatosupportdimmingthroughvoicecontrol.*Scheduleyourowncustomlightingscenes.Setthesmartbulbstoturnonandoffatapre-settime.Toinstall,simplyscrew(拧)thesmartbulbsintoyourdesiredlightlocation.*Controlsmart-bulb-equippedlampsandoverheadlightsviathePhilipsHueApp.AugustSmartLockPro*ItworkswithAlexaforvoicecontrol(Alexadevicesoldseparately).*Controlkeylessaccess.Itlocksautomaticallybehindyou,andunlocksasyouapproach.*Installinabout10minuteswithjustascrewdriver(螺丝刀).1、Whatdothefourgadgetshaveincommon?A．UsefulPhilipsHueApp. B．Beautifullightingscenes.C．Easyinstallationandsimpleset-up. D．Pleasanttemperature.2、Thispassageisintendedto________.A．introducethegadgetsofsmarthome B．provideadviceforhomedecorationC．comparethegadgetswithothers D．showthepopularityofthegadgets第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）Horrorseizedtheheartofthesoldierashesawhislife-longfriendfallinthebattle．Caughtinatrench（壕沟）with1gunfirewhistlingoverhishead，thesoldieraskedhis2ifhemightgooutintothe"NoMan'sLand"3thetrenchestobringhis4friendback．"You5go，"saidthecaptain"，butIdon'tthinkitwillbeworthit．Yourfriendisprobably6andyoumaythrowyourownlifeaway．"Thecaptain'swordsdidn'tmatter，andthesoldier7anyway．Surprisingly，he8toreachhisfriend，raisedhimontohisshoulder，and9himbacktotheircompany'strench．Asthetwoofthemfellintogethertothe10ofthetrench，theofficer11thewoundedsoldier，andthenlooked12athisfriend．"Itoldyouitwouldn'tbeworthit，"hesaid．"Yourfriendisdead，andyour13isdeadly．""Itwasworthit，though，sir，"thesoldiersaid．"Howdoyou14‘worthit'？"respondedthecaptain．Yourfriendisdead!""Yessir，"thesoldieranswered．"ButitwasworthitbecausewhenIgottohim，hewasstillalive，andIhadthe15ofhearinghimsay，‘Jim，Iknewyou'd16．'"Manyatimein17，whetherathingisworthdoingornot18dependsonhowyoulookatit．Takeupallyourcourageanddosomethingyour19tellsyoutodosothatyoumaynot20notdoingitlaterinlife．1、A．dangerousB．distantC．visibleD．continuous2、A．captainB．bossC．soldierD．company3、A．behindB．beforeC．betweenD．among4、A．worriedB．killedC．frightenedD．fallen5、A．canB．mustC．willD．shall6、A．madB．braveC．deadD．lucky7、A．heardB．understoodC．stoppedD．went8、A．foughtB．wishedC．managedD．promised9、A．broughtB．draggedC．forcedD．pushed10、A．frontB．bottomC．backD．edge11、A．caughtB．greetedC．respectedD．checked12、A．strangelyB．angrilyC．kindlyD．suddenly13、A．feelingB．thoughtC．woundD．pain14、A．meanB．mentionC．useD．learn15、A．prideB．satisfactionC．patienceD．experience16、A．sufferB．comeC．surviveD．help17、A．lifeB．dangerC．needD．fact18、A．hardlyB．slightlyC．possiblyD．really19、A．leaderB．dutyC．heartD．purpose20、A．forgetB．regretC．imagineD．pref第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）语法填空IntheWest,whenyougotoarestaurant,youchooseallthatyouwanttoeat;youdonotchooseadishtosharewithothers.Yourfood1．（bring）toyou,foryoualone.Asaguest,youmayhavetheproblemthatthefoodyoulikeisexpensive.Soyoudarenotorderit,foritfeelsgreedy.Butwhenyouchoosesomething2．（little）expensive,yourhostwillorderwhatyoureallywant.But“orderingbadly”isabiggerproblem.Somethingcansoundniceonthemenu,butwhenitcomes,youfindthatthe3．（combine）offlavors（味道）iswrong.Butitis4．（you）,andyouhavetodoyourbesttoeatit.IhaveafriendinLondon5．ordersbadly.Neverhasshereally6．（enjoy）hermeal.InChina,thequestionisnot.“WhatshallIhave?7．”“Whatshallwehave?”Foodisorderedtosharewithothers,notjust8．oneself.Myfriendshereusuallytakemylikesanddislikesintoconsiderationwhen9．（order）,andIdothesameforthem.ButifsomethingIdon'tlikeisordered,it'snotaproblembecausetherearealltheother10．（dish）thatIcanenjoy.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（﹨）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及修改均仅限一词；2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Herearetwotypesofcarsmaysomedaytakeplaceoftoday’sbigcars、Ifallthepeopledrivesuchcarsinthefuture,therewillbefewerpollutionintheair、Therewillalsobemorespaceforparkingcarsinthecities,butthestreetswillbelesscrowded、Threesuchcarscanfitinthespacenowneedbyonecaroftheusuallysize、Thelittlecarswillcostmuchlesstoownanddrive、Drivewillbesafer,too,thoughtheselittlecarscangoonly65kilometersperhour、Butitwillnotbeofanyuseforlongtrips、第二节书面表达（满分25分）29．（25分）假如你叫李华。你的英国朋友John在学习中文时遇到了一些困难：如没有充足的时间学习中文、汉字很难学并容易遗忘、听力不好等。他来信向你寻求学好中文的建议。现在，请你用英语给他回一封信，按以下要点答复：1.看中文的书籍和杂志以学习汉字；给中国的朋友写信或发电子邮件练习书写；2.看中文电影练习听力。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________