2022年考研考博-考博英语-西南政法大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）试卷号35

住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-西南政法大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）（图片可根据实际调整大小）题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.单选题

Onenteringtheroom,he（

）hiseyesrounditbutsawnothingstrange.

问题1选项

A.jerked

B.flung

C.tossed

D.cast

【答案】D

【解析】动词辨析题。A选项jerk“猛拉”；B选项fling“掷，抛”；C选项toss“抛，投”；D选项cast“投掷”。选项B，C，D都要投掷的意思，但只有选项D能与后面的round搭配使用，castround意为“寻找”，句意：一进房间，他就环视四周（寻找），但没有发现什么奇怪的东西。选项D符合句意。

2.单选题

TheforeignstudentinChinais（

）withagooddealofChineseculture.

问题1选项

A.scattered

B.overflowed

C.permeated

D.manipulated

【答案】C

【解析】形容词辨析题。A选项scattered“分散的，散乱的”；B选项overflowed“溢出的”；C选项permeated“渗透，弥漫”，bepermeatedwith洋溢着；D选项manipulated“操作”。句意：在中国的外国学生洋溢着大量的中国文化气息。选项C更符合语境。

3.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish

公民、法人的合法民事权益受法律保护，任何组织和个人不得侵犯。

已满16岁的人犯罪，应当负刑事贵任。

【答案】Thelawfulcivilrightsandinterestsofcitizensandjuristicpersonareprotectedbythelaw,andanyorganizationorindividualisnotallowedtoinfringethem.

Apersonofnolessthan16yearsoldwhocommitsacrimeshallbearcriminalresponsibility.

4.单选题

Oneoftheproblemstheyhavetodealwithisthe（

）ofplasticcontainers.

问题1选项

A.disposal

B.dissolution

C.disposition

D.disappearance

【答案】A

【解析】名词辨析题。A选项disposal“处理”；B选项dissolution“分解，溶解”；C选项disposition“性情，倾向”；D选项disappearance“消失”。句意：他们必须处理的问题之一是塑料容器的处理。选项A符合句意。

5.单选题

Thereismuchdiscussiontodayabouttheneedforthegovernmentto（

）thetheatre.

问题1选项

A.substitute

B.subsidize

C.subscribe

D.subordinate

【答案】B

【解析】动词辨析题。A选项substitute“代替”；B选项subsidize“资助”；C选项subscribe“签署，赞成”；D选项subordinate“使服从”。句意：今天将重点讨论政府是否有必要对剧院进行补贴。选项B符合句意。

6.单选题

AlthoughItriedtoconcentrateonthelecture,Iwas（

）bythenoisefromthenextroom.

问题1选项

A.dissuaded

B.averted

C.repressed

D.distracted

【答案】D

【解析】动词辨析题。A选项dissuade“劝阻”；B选项avert“转移”；C选项repress“抑制，镇压”；D选项distract“分心”。句意：尽管我试图集中注意力听演讲，但还是被隔壁房间的噪音分心。选项D符合语境。

7.单选题

Anydriverstoppedbythepoliceforsomeminortraffic（

）canbeaskedtotaketestforalcoholicdrinking.

问题1选项

A.violation

B.accident

C.congestion

D.devastation

【答案】A

【解析】名词辨析题。A选项violation“违反，妨碍”；B选项accident“事故，意外”；C选项congestion“拥挤”；D选项devastation“毁坏”。句意：任何因轻微交通违规而被警察拦下的司机都可能被要求参加酒精测试。选项A符合语境。

8.单选题

Bysigningtheleasewemadea（

）topayarentof$200aweek.

问题1选项

A.conception

B.commission

C.commitment

D.confinement

【答案】C

【解析】名词辨析题。A选项conception“概念，设想”；B选项commission“委员会；佣金”；C选项commitment“承诺，保证”；D选项confinement“限制，监禁”。句意：通过签订租约，我们承诺每周支付200美元的租金。选项C符合句意。

9.翻译题

Wemustcontinuewiththereformintaxandfeeinruralareastolightentheburdensoffarmersandprotecttheirinterests.

Chinadoesnotseekhegemonyorpredominanceinworldaffairs.Itadvocatesanewinternationalpoliticalandeconomicorder.

Ifwedonotcrackdownoncorruption,theflesh-and-bloodtiesbetweenthePartyandthepeoplewillsufferalotandthePartywillbeindangeroflosingitsrulingposition,orpossiblyheadingforself-destruction.

Nobodyinanysector,publicorprivate,shouldofferbenefitsunlessforagoodreason.

Damsareadramaticexampleofahumanactivitythatdegradesfreshwaterecosystems.

【答案】为了减轻农民的负担和保护他们的利益，我们一定要继续进行农村税费改革。

中国在世界事务中不谋求霸权或主导地位。它主张一个新的国际政治和经济秩序。

如果我们不打击腐败，那么党和人们之间的血肉联系将会深受其害，并且党将会处于失去其执政地位的危险之中或可能走向自我毁灭。

除非有正当的理由，否则任何部门(公共的或私人的)没有人应该提供福利。

水坝是人类活动使淡水生态系统退化的一个引人注目的例子。

10.翻译题

PutthefollowingintoChinese.

Wheretheparadigmofwarapplies,theexecutivedominatesindecidingwholivesordies.JusticeO'ConnornonethelessclaimedinHamdi(案件名称)thatthewaronterrordoesnotgivetheexecutiveablankcheck(自由处理权)todoasitpleasesinthenameofsecurity.Ifoneacceptsthispremise,thenthequestionbecomeshowtocontroltheexecutive’swarpowerwithoutundulyhamperingit.UnderaMathews-styleapproach,todeterminewhetherdueprocessdemandsaparticularproceduralcontrolovertargetedkilling(ARA),oneshould:(a)identifytherangeoflegitimateintereststhattheproceduremightprotect;(b)assessthedegreetowhichadoptionoftheprocedureactuallywouldprotecttheseinterests;and(c)weighthesemarginalbenefitsagainstthedamagetheproceduremaycausetootherlegitimateinterests.

Judicialcontroloftargetedkillingcouldincreasetheaccuracyoftargetselection,reducingthedangerofmistakenorillegaldestructionoflives,limbs,andproperty.Independentjudgeswhodouble-checktargetingdecisionscouldcatcherrorsandcauseexecutiveofficialstoavoidmakingtheminthefirstplace.

Morebroadly,judicialcontroloftargetedkillingcouldservetheinterestsofallpeople—

targetsandnon-targets—inblockingtheexecutivefromexercisinganunaccountable,secretpowertokill.Ifpossible,weshouldavoidaworldinwhichtheCIAorotherexecutiveofficialshaveunbelievablepowertodecidewhogetstoliveandwhodiesinthenameofashadowwarthatmightneverend.Everyonehasacognizableinterestinstoppingaslideintotyranny.

【答案】在战争模式适用的情况下，行政机构主导决定谁生谁死。尽管如此，奥康纳法官在哈姆迪案件中声称，反恐战争并没有给行政机构自由处理权，让他们以安全的名义随心所欲地行事。如果人们接受这一前提，那么问题就变成了如何在不过度阻碍行政权力的前提下控制其战争权力。根据马修斯风格的方法，要确定正当程序是否需要对有目标的杀戮(ARA)进行特定的程序控制，应该:(a)确定程序可能保护的合法利益范围;(b)评估采用这一程序实际能在多大程度上保护这些利益;(c)权衡这些边际利益与程序可能造成的其他合法利益的损害。

对有针对性杀戮的司法控制可以提高目标选择的准确性，减少错误或非法毁坏生命、肢体和财产的危险。反复检查目标决策的独立法官可能会发现错误，并导致行政官员一开始就避免制造这些错误。

从更广泛的意义上讲，对有针对性杀戮的司法控制可以服务于所有人的利益，不管是目标人群和还是非目标人群，它可以阻止行政部门行使不负责任的秘密权力来进行杀戮。如果可能的话，我们应该避免这样一个世界：中央情报局或其他行政官员拥有令人难以置信的权力，以可能永远不会结束的影子战争的名义来决定谁生谁死。每个人对于反对暴政都有明显的兴趣。

11.翻译题

PutthefollowingpassagesintoChinese:

Thenextsourceoflawthathastobeconsiderediscaselaw,theeffectivecreationandrefinementoflawinthecourseofjudicialdecisions.ItshouldberememberedthattheUnitedKingdom'slawisstillacommonlawsystemandeveniflegislationisofeverincreasingimportance,thesignificanceandeffectivenessofjudicialcreativityshouldnotbediscounted.Judicialdecisionsareasourceoflawthroughtheoperationofthedoctrineofjudicialprecedents.Thisprocessdependsontheestablishedhierarchyofthecourts,andoperatesinsuchawaythatgenerallyacourtisboundbytheratiodecidendiorruleoflawimplicitinthedecisionofacourtaboveitinthehierarchyandusuallybyacourtofequalstandinginthehierarchy.Wherestatutelawdoescoveraparticularareaorwherethelawissilentgenerallyitwillbenecessaryforacourtdecidingcasesrelatingtosuchanareatodeterminewhatthelawisand,insodoing,thatcourtwillinescapablyandunarguablybecreatinglaw.Thescopeforjudicialcreativityshouldnotbeunderestimatedanditshouldberememberedthatthetaskofinterpretingtheactualmeaningoflegislationinparticularcasesalsofallsinthejudiciaryandprovidesitwithafurtherimportantareaofdiscretionaiycreativity.

Thecharacteristicterritorialunitservedbytheprosecutor’sofficeisthecounty:inafewstates,largerdistricts,composedofseveralcounties,arefound.Manycountieshavesolittlecriminalbusiness(otherthanminorviolationsprosecutedbylocalorstatepolicewithouttheaidoftheprosecutor)that,evenwhenthecivillitigationtowhichthecountyisaparty,aswellasothercountylegalwork,areaddedtotheprosecutor’sfunctions,astheycommonlyare,thepostofcountyattorneyisstillonlyapart-timeonewithcompensationofteninadequatetoattractisstillonlyapart-timeonewithcompensationofteninadequatetoattracttheestablishedlawyersofthecounty.Thepostthustendstofalltoapoliticallyactiveyounglawyerstillengagedinbuildinghispractice;anditisnotsurprisingthatheoftentendstoregarditasprimarilyashort-termmeansofprofessionalorpoliticaladvancement.Underthesecircumstances,anythinglikeacareerofficial’sapproachtotheofficeisunlikely.Thecurewouldseemtobeinplacingtheprosecutor'sofficeonadistrictinsteadofacountybasis,thedistrictbeinglargeenoughtowarrantafull-timeprosecutorwithadequatecompensationandadequatestaff.

【答案】下一个要考虑的法律来源是判例法，它是在司法判决的过程中对法律有效创新和完善。我们应该牢记，英国的法律仍然是普通法体系，所以即使立法日益重要，司法创新的意义和有效性却不容低估。司法判决成为法源，贯穿整个司法判例教义的执行过程中。这样的过程依赖于己建立的法院层级体系，而且以这样的方式运作，即通常某个法院受到隐含于这个层级体系中上级法院的判决中的判决依据和法律条文的约朿，而且也一般受到这个层级体系中同等地位的法院的约束。法院有必要，在处理涉及法令没有包含的特殊领域或法律通常没有记载的领域的案件吋，决定适用的法律并执行。这就是法院正在对法律进行创新，而这是法院无法逃避也无可争辩的职责。我们不应该低估司法创新的适用范围，且应该牢记，在特定的情况下，法律的解释任务也会落在司法机关身上，因此，我们要给予司法机关在重要领域内的自由裁量权。

检察院所管辖的特殊区域包括各州、区的县。许多县的犯罪活动较少，一些轻微违法行为，直接由当地或州警察起诉，无须检方介入。全县作为诉讼主体的民事诉讼以及其它县的法律事务波纳入检察官的职责范围之内。通常情况下，县检察官一职为兼职，所以微薄的薪水不足以留住他们。同样微薄的薪酬对现有的县级律师同样没有吸引力。因此，这一岗位易于沦为思想活跃、有政治野心的年轻律师职业生涯的奠基石。经常有年轻的律师把它看成是其专业水平提升与政治地位晋升的一种主要的短线战略手段，这一现象并不奇怪。在这样的背景之下，任何人想通过这一方式进入到政府机关都是不大可能的。改善这一现状的办法就是将人员安置在区检察院而不是县级检察院。因为区检察院的检察官是全职人员，有不错的薪酬，有足够的工作人员。

12.单选题

His（

）wordsreachedtheeffecthewantedandpeoplegavemoneytohelphim.

问题1选项

A.elegant

B.eloquent

C.evil

D.excessive

【答案】B

【解析】形容词辨析题。A选项elegant“优雅的”；B选项eloquent“有口才的，有说服力的”；C选项evil“邪恶的”；D选项excessive“极度的，过分的”。句意：他的能言善辩达到了他想要的效果，人们纷纷捐钱来帮助他。选项B符合语境。

13.单选题

Youmustbeverycareful.Thework（

）precision.

问题1选项

A.retails

B.repels

C.retains

D.entails

【答案】D

【解析】形近词辨析题。A选项retail“零售，详述”；B选项repel“击退，抵制”；C选项retain“保持，固定”；D选项entail“使需要，要求”。句意：你必须非常小心，这项工作对精确性要求极高。选项D符合句意。

14.单选题

Educationinmostofthedevelopingworldisshocking.HalfofchildreninSouthAsiaandathirdofthoseinAfricawhocompletefouryearsofschoolingcannotreadproperly.Mostgovernmentshavepromisedtoprovideuniversalprimaryeducationandtopromotesecondaryeducation.Butevenwhenpublicschoolsexist,theyoftenfail.

Thefailureofstateeducation,combinedwiththeshiftinemergingeconomiesfromfarmingtojobsthatneedatleastamodicumofeducation,hascausedaprivate-schoolboom.AccordingtotheWorldBank,acrossthedevelopingworldafifthofprimary-schoolchildrenareenrolledinprivateschools,twiceasmanyas20yearsago.Somanyprivateschoolsareunregisteredthattherealfigureislikelytobemuchhigher.

Byandlarge,politiciansandeducationalistsareunenthusiastic.Governmentsseeeducationasthestate'sjob.NGOstendtobeideologicallyopposedtotheprivatesector.TheU.N.Specialrapporteuroneducation.KishoreSingh,hassaidthat“for-profiteducationshouldnotbeallowedinordertosafeguardthenoblecauseofeducation”.

Thisattitudeharmsthosewhomeducationalistsclaimtoserve:children.Theboominprivateeducationisexcellentnewsforthemandtheircountries,forthreereasons.

First,itisbringinginmoney—notjustfromparents,butalsofrominvestors,someinsearchofaprofit.Mostprivateschoolsinthedevelopingworldaresingleoperatorsthatchargeafewdollarsamonth,butchainsarenowemerging.

Second,privateschoolsareoftenbettervalueformoneythanstateones.Measuringthisishard,sincethechildrenwhogotoprivateschoolstendtobebetteroff,andthereforelikelytoperformbetter.Butarigorousfour-yearstudyof6,000pupilsinAndhraPradesh,insouthernIndia,suggestedthatprivatepupilsperformedbetterinEnglishandHindithanpublic-schoolpupils,andtheprivateschoolsachievedtheseresultsatathirdofthecostofthepublicschools.

Lastly,privateschoolsareinnovative.Sincetechnologyhasgreat(thoughasyetmostlyunrealized)potentialineducation,thiscouldbeimportant.Bridgegivesteacherstabletslinkedtoacentralsystemthatprovidesteachingmaterialsandmonitorstheirwork.Suchrobo-teachingmaynotbeideal,butitisbetterthanlessonswithouteithermaterialormonitoring.

Theprivatesectorhasproblems.Butthealternativeisoftenapublicschoolthatisworse—ornoschoolatall.Thegrowthofprivateschoolsisamanifestationofthehealthiestofinstincts:parents’desiretodothebestfortheirchildren.Governmentsshouldthereforebeaskingnothowtodiscourageprivateeducation,buthowtoboostit.Ideally,theywouldsubsidizeprivateschools,preferablythroughavoucherwhichparentscouldspendattheschoolsoftheirchoiceandtopup;theywouldregulateschoolstoensurequality;theywouldrunpublicexamstohelpparentsmakeinformedchoice.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,thestategovernmentsindevelopingcountriesfailto（

）.

2.TheauthormentionsKishoreSinghinordertoshow

（

）.

3.Privateschoolssurpassthepubliconesinthat

（

）.

4.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoftheprivateeducation?

5.Whichofthefollowingcanbethetitleofthepassage?

问题1选项

A.providepropereducationforalltheschoolagechildren

B.fulfilltheirpromisesbyestablishingenoughpublicschools

C.improveeducationqualityoftheexistingpublicschools

D.speedupthesocialshiftfromfarmingtomanufacturing

问题2选项

A.howstategovernmentsdislikeprivateeducation

B.whyNGOsaresomuchopposedtoprivatesectors

C.howweshouldsafeguardthenobilityofeducation

D.whatthesocialmainstreamthinksoftheprivateschool

问题3选项

A.theycanobtainmoremoneyfromparents

B.theyhaveachievedbetterteachingquality

C.theycanmakebetteruseofmoneyandinnovate

D.theycanusetabletstoassistteaching

问题4选项

A.Itmeetstheneedofsocialdevelopment.

B.Itshouldbesuspendedandreorganized.

C.Itshouldnotberunpurelyafterhighprofits.

D.Itisencouragedtoreplacepubliceducation.

问题5选项

A.WhyArePrivateSchoolsBoomingSoFast?

B.ShouldPrivateEducationBeHelpedorCurbed?

C.HowShouldtheGovernmentImproveEducation?

D.WhatShouldtheStateDowithPublicSchools?

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.判断推理题。根据第一段最后两句“Mostgovernmentshavepromisedtoprovideuniversalprimaryeducationandtopromotesecondaryeducation.Butevenwhenpublicschoolsexist,theyoftenfail.大多数政府承诺提供普遍的初等教育以及促进中等教育的发展。但即使公立学校存在，它们通常还是失败了。”再根据第一段前面的内容可推断，发展中国家的政府没有履行他们的承诺，没有建立足够的公立学校。选项B符合原文；选项A和选项C在文中没有提及；选项D是私立学校繁荣的原因之一，不符合题意。所以只有选项B正确。

2.细节事实题。根据关键词“KishoreSingh”定位第三段“KishoreSingh,hassaidthat‘for-profiteducationshouldnotbeallowedinordertosafeguardthenoblecauseofeducation’”联合国教育特别报告员KishoreSingh曾表示：“为了捍卫教育的崇高事业，不应该允许营利性教育。”这是对原文中上一句“NGOstendtobeideologicallyopposedtotheprivatesector.非政府组织往往在意识形态上反对私营部门”的解释，说明非政府组织反对私营机构的理由。因此选项B符合原文。

3.细节事实题。根据原文倒数两段的首句“privateschoolsareoftenbettervalueformoneythanstateones.私立学校通常比公立学校更物有所值。”也就是能够充分利用资金。“privateschoolsareinnovative.”私立学校具有创新性。所以选项C符合原文。选项A显然不是私立学校超越公立学校的原因；选项B在文中没有提及；选项D表述过于片面。

4.判断推理题。根据最后一段第三句“Governmentsshouldthereforebeaskingnothowtodiscourageprivateeducation,buthowtoboostit.政府不应该打击私营教育，而应该大力发展私营教育。”由此可推断，作者认为私营教育是符合社会发展的需求的。选项A正确。选项B与作者的观点不符；选项C在文中没有提及；选项D表述过于绝对。

5.主旨大意题。结合全文内容可知，作者首先指出了发展中国家政府在公立教育方面的失败，接着提到私营教育的发展，政府反对私营教育，而作者认为应该大力发展私营教育，所以本文的主要内容是讨论支持还是反对私营教育。选项B最为恰当。

15.单选题

CampaigningontheIndianfrontierisanexperiencebyitself.Neitherthelandscapenorthepeoplefindtheircounterpartsinanyotherportionoftheglobe.Valleywallsrisesteeplyfiveorsixthousandfeetoneveryside.Thecolumnscramthroughamazeofgiantcorridorsdownwhichfiercesnow-fedtorrentsfoamunderskiesofbrass.Amidthesescenesofsavagebrilliancytheredwellsaracewhosequalifiesseemtoharmonizewiththeirenvironment.Exceptatharvest-time,whenself-preservationrequiresatemporarytruce,thePathantribesarealwaysengagedinprivateorpublicwar.Everymanisawarrior,apoliticianandatheologian.Everylargehouseisarealfeudalfortressmade,itistrue,onlyofsun-bakedclay,butwithbattlements,turrets,loopholes,drawbridges,etc.Complete.Everyvillagehasitsdefence.Everyfamilycultivatesitsvendetta;everyclan,itsfeud.Thenumeroustribesandcombinationsoftribesallhavetheiraccountstosettlewithoneanother.Nothingiseverforgotten,andveryfewdebtsareleftunpaid.Forthepurposesofsociallife,inadditiontotheconventionaboutharvest-time,amostelaboratecodeofhonourhasbeenestablishedandisonthewholefaithfullyobserved.Amanwhoknewitandobserveditfaultlesslymightpassunarmedfromoneendofthefrontiertoanother.Theslightesttechnicalslipwould,however,befatal.ThelifeofthePathanisthusfullofinterest;andhisvalleys,nourishedalikebyendlesssunshineandabundantwater,arefertileenoughtoyieldwithlittlelabourthemodestmaterialrequirementsofasparsepopulation.

Intothishappyworldthenineteenthcenturybroughttwonewfacts;therifleandtheBritishGovernment.Thefirstwasanenormousluxuryandblessing;thesecond,anunmitigatednuisance.TheconvenienceoftheriflewasnowheremoreappreciatedthanintheIndianhighlands.Aweaponwhichwouldkillwithaccuracyatfifteenhundredyardsopenedawholenewvistaofdelightstoeveryfamilyorclanwhichcouldacquireit.Onecouldactuallyremaininone'sownhouseandfileatone'sneighbournearlyamileaway.Onecouldlieinwaitonsomehighcrag,andathithertounheard-ofrangeshitahorsemanfarbelow.Evenvillagescouldfireateachotherwithoutthetroubleofgoingfarfromhome.Fabulouspriceswerethereforeofferedforthesegloriousproductsofscience.Rifle-thievesscouredallIndiatoreinforcetheeffortsofthehonestsmuggler.Asteadyflowofthecovetedweaponsspreaditsgenialinfluencethroughoutthefrontier,andtherespectwhichthePathantribesmenentertainedforChristiancivilizationwasvastlyenhanced.

TheactionoftheBritishGovernmentontheotherhandwasentirelyunsatisfactory.Thegreatorganizing,advancing,absorbingpowertothesouthwardseemedtobelittlebetterthanamonstrousspoil-sport.IfthePathanmadeforaysintotheplains,notonlyweretheydrivenback(whichafterallwasnomorethanfair),butawholeseriesofsubsequentinterferencestookplace,followedatintervalsbyexpeditionswhichtoiledlaboriouslythroughthevalleys,scoldingthetribesmenandexactingfinesforanydamagewhichtheyhaddone.Noonewouldhavemindedtheseexpeditionsiftheyhadsimplycome,hadafightandthengoneawayagain.Inmanycasesthiswastheirpracticeunderwhatwascalledthe“butcherandboltpolicy"towhichtheGovernmentofIndialongadhered.Buttowardstheendofthenineteenthcenturytheseintrudersbegantomakeroadsthroughmanyofthevalleys,andinparticularthegreatroadtoChitral.Theysoughttoensurethesafetyoftheseroadsbythreatsbyfortsandbysubsidies.Therewasnoobjectiontothelastmethodsofarasitwent.Butthewholeofthistendencytoroad-makingwasregardedbythePathanswithprofounddistaste.Allalongtheroadpeoplewereexpectedtokeepquiet,nottoshootoneanother,andaboveallnottoshootattravelersalongtheroad.Itwastoomuchtoask,andawholeseriesofquarrelstooktheiroriginfromthissource.

1.Theworddebtsin"veryfewdebtsareleftunpaid"infilefirstparagraphmeans（

）.

2.WhichoffilefollowingisNOToneofthegeographicalfactsabouttheIndianfrontier?

3.Accordingtothepassage,thePathanswelcomed（

）.

4.BuildingroadsbytheBritish（

）.

5.Asuitabletitleforthepassagewouldbe（

）.

问题1选项

A.loans

B.accounts

C.killings

D.bargains

问题2选项

A.Meltingsnows

B.Largepopulation

C.Steephillsides

D.Fertilevalleys

问题3选项

A.theintroductionoftherifle

B.thespreadofBritishrule

C.theextensionofluxuries

D.thespreadoftrade

问题4选项

A.putanendtoawholeseriesofquarrels

B.preventedthePathansfromcomingonfeuds

C.lessenedthesubsidiespaidtothePathans

D.gavethePathansamuchquieterlife

问题5选项

A.CampaigningontheIndianFrontier

B.WhythePathansResentedtheBritishRule

C.ThePopularityofRiflesamongthePathans

D.ThePathansatWar

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】1.词义题。根据原文内容可知，“debts”不是指债务,而是上文提及的“Everyfamilycultivatesitsvendetta;everyclan,itsfeud.Thenumeroustribesandcombinationsoftribesallhavetheiraccountstosettlewithoneanother.每个家庭和氏族都有世仇恩怨，长期不和。众多的部落和部落的组合形成了怨怨相报的恶性循环局面。”所以选项C正确。

2.细节事实题。根据第一段最后一句“ThelifeofthePathanisthusfullofinterest;andhisvalleys,nourishedalikebyendlesssunshineandabundantwater,arefertileenoughtoyieldwithlittlelabourthemodestmaterialrequirementsofasparsepopulation.帕坦人的生活充满了乐趣，山谷被无尽的阳光和充沛的水滋养着，肥沃得几乎不需要劳动就能生产出稀少人口所需的适量物资。”由此可知,选项B与原文中“sparsepopulation”不符。

3.细节事实题。根据第二段第三句“TheconvenienceoftheriflewasnowheremoreappreciatedthanintheIndianhighlands.”步枪的便捷性在印度高地最受欢迎。选项A正确。

4.判断推理题。根据最后一段的最后一句...awholeseriesofquarrelstooktheiroriginfromthissource.一系列的争吵就是从这个源头开始的。”可知选项A错误；根据“Theysoughttoensurethesafetyoftheseroadsbythreats,byfortsandbysubsidies.他们试图通过威胁、筑堡垒和发放补贴来确保这些道路的安全。”可知选项C也错误；选项D在文中没有提及；根据最后一段倒数第二句“Allalongtheroadpeoplewereexpectedtokeepquiet,nottoshootoneanother,andaboveallnottoshootattravelersalongtheroad.一路上人们都被要求保持安静，不要互相射击,最重要的是不要向沿途的行人开枪。”客观上来说,阻止了帕坦人之间的仇恨,所以选项B正确。

5.主旨大意题。结合文章内容可知，本文主要描述的都是和帕坦人相关，所以首先排除选项A，范围太广；选项B和C只是文中提到的细节，不够全面；只有选项D最能概括全文主旨，所以正确。

16.单选题

Sincethecouplecouldnot（

）theirdifference,theydecidedtogetadivorce.

问题1选项

A.reconcile

B.comply

C.coincide

D.resign

【答案】A

【解析】动词辨析题。A选项reconcile“调和，使一致”；B选comply“遵守，顺从”；C选项coincide“一致，符合”；D选项resign“辞职”。句意：由于这对夫妇无法调和他们之间的分歧，他们决定离婚。选项A符合句意。

17.单选题

The（

）bonesofanelderlypersonmayfractureeasily.

问题1选项

A.slender

B.brittle

C.dense

D.firm

【答案】B

【解析】形容词辨析题。A选项slender“细长的，苗条的”；B选项brittle“脆弱的”；C选项dense“稠密的”；D选项firm“坚定的”。句意：老年人脆弱的骨头可能容易折断。选项B符合句意。

18.单选题

Towhatextentwillfuturescientificdiscoveriesmakepossiblethe（

）ofthehumanlifespan?

问题1选项

A.increase

B.prolongation

C.expansion

D.growth

【答案】B

【解析】名词辨析题。A选项increase“增加”；B选项prolongation“延伸”；C选项expansion“阐述”；D选项growth“成长”。句意：未来的科学发现能在多大程度上延长人类的寿命?选项B符合句意。

19.单选题

Youshould（

）yourselfwiththerelevantfactsbeforemakingadecision.

问题1选项

A.acquaint

B.acquire

C.acknowledge

D.attempt

【答案】A

【解析】动词辨析题。A选项acquaint“使熟悉，使认识”；B选项acquire“获得”；C选项acknowledge“承认，答谢”；D选项attempt“企图，尝试”。句意：在做决定之前，你应该熟悉相关的事实。选项A符合句意。

20.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingChinesepassageintoEnglish

全球化对发达国家和发展中国家都是一个挑战。随着全球化的发展，世界各国之间的经济合作不断加强。中国拥有一个13亿人口的大市场，会为拉动世界的经济发展提供可观的动力。中国还要大规模开展基础设施的建设，改造和提升工业企业装备水平，还要不断提高农业的生产和加工能力。这些都需要在国际合作的环境中才能实现，各国之间不断扩大的经贸和各领域的合作关系，有助于推动世界经济的发展。

【答案】Globalizationisachallengeforboththedevelopedanddevelopingcountries.Withthedevelopmentofglobalization,theeconomiccooperationamongcountriesaroundtheworldhasbeenstrengthenedconstantly.Chinahasamarketasbigas1.3billionpeople,whichwillgivesubstantialimpetustoboosttheworldeconomy.Chinawillcontinueitslarge-scaleinfrastructureprogram,upgradeitsindustrialequipmentandimproveitsagriculturalproductionaswellasprocessingcapability.Alltheaboverequiresanenvironmentofinternationalcooperation.Cooperationamongcountriesaroundtheworldineconomyandtradeandalsoinotherfieldsareconducivetothegrowthoftheworldeconomy.

21.单选题

It’sour（

）thattheneweconomicpolicywillbringgreatprosperitytothiscompany.

问题1选项

A.confidence

B.conviction

C.recommendation

D.insurance

【答案】B

【解析】名词辨析题。A选项confidence“信心”；B选项conviction“确信”；C选项recommendation“推荐”；D选项insurance“保险”。句意：我们相信新的经济政策会给公司带来巨大的繁荣。选项B符合句意。

22.单选题

Imustleavenow.（

）ifyouwantthatbookIwillbringittomorrow.

问题1选项

A.Occasionally

B.Accidentally

C.Incidentally

D.Subsequently

【答案】C

【解析】副词辨析题。A选项Occasionally“偶尔，间或”；B选项Accidentally“意外地，偶然地”；C选项Incidentally“顺便，附带地”；D选项Subsequently“随后，后来”。句意：我必须得离开了。顺便说一句，如果你想要那本书，我明天就带过来。选项C符合语境。

23.单选题

Radarisusedtoextendthe（

）ofman'ssensesforobservinghisenvironment,especiallythesenseofvision.

问题1选项

A.validity

B.liability

C.capability

D.intensity

【答案】C

【解析】名词辨析题。A选项validity“有效性，正确性”；B选项liability“责任，可能性”；C选项capability“才能，能力”；D选项intensity“强度”。句意：雷达是用来扩展人们观察环境的感知能力，特别是视觉感知能力。选项C符合语境。

24.单选题

TV,radioandnewspaperareimportant（

）foradvertising.

问题1选项

A.features

B.broadcasting

C.publications

D.media

【答案】D

【解析】名词辨析题。A选项feature“特色，特征”；B选项broadcast“广播”；C选项publication“出版，发表”；D选项media“媒介”。句意：电视、广播和报纸是广告的重要媒介。选项D符合句意。

25.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.

没有改革开放，就没有今天的经济发展。

祖国的地下到处都是埋藏着丰富的矿产资源。

弄得不好，就会前功尽弃。

不经一事，不长一智。

青年人和老年人不同，女青年和老太太也不同，不考虑这些情况，恐怕就解决不好“代沟”问题。

【答案】Withoutthereformandopening-up,theeconomicwillnotbewelldevelopedliketoday.

Therearerichmineralresourcesatundergroundofourmotherland.

Ifscrewup,you'llbacktosquareone.

Afallinthepit;againinthewit.

Theyoungdiffersfromtheoldwhiletheyoungwomenandoldladyvaryalot,withoutattentiontothis,it'shardtosolvethe“generationgap”.

26.单选题

Acomprehensivemarketsystemshouldbeestablishedto（

）theflowoftalent,fundsandmaterials.

问题1选项

A.suffice

B.necessitate

C.facilitate

D.fabricate

【答案】C

【解析】动词辨析题。A选项suffice“使满足”；B选项necessitate“使成为必需”；C选项facilitate“促进，帮助”；D选项fabricate“伪造”。句意：应该建立完善的市场体系促进人才、资金和物资的流动。选项C符合句意。

27.单选题

Iwasalwaystaughtthatitwas（

）tointerrupt.

问题1选项

A.rude

B.coarse

C.rough

D.crude

【答案】A

【解析】形容词辨析题。A选项rude“粗鲁的，无礼的”；B选项coarse“粗糙的，粗俗的”；C选项rough“粗野的，粗略的”；D选项crude“天然的，未加工的”。句意：我总是被教导打断别人说话是粗鲁的。选项A符合句意。

28.单选题

Theywereaccusedof（

）tooverthrowthegovernmentandweresentencedtojail.

问题1选项

A.intrigue

B.conspiracy

C.plot

D.sin

【答案】B

【解析】名词辨析题。A选项intrigue“阴谋，私通”；B选项conspiracy“阴谋，共谋”；C选项plot“情节”；D选项sin“罪恶”。句意：他们被指控共谋推翻政府，并被判入狱。conspiracy侧重于政治方面的阴谋，所以选项B更符合语境。

29.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingintoChinese

MembersshallgiveeffecttotheprovisionsofthisAgreement.Membersmay,butshallnotbeobligedto,implementintheirlawmoreextensiveprotectionthanisrequiredbythisAgreement,providedthatsuchprotectiondoesnotcontravenetheprovisionsofthisAgreement.MembersshallbefreetodeterminetheappropriatemethodofimplementingtheprovisionsofthisAgreementwithintheirownlegalsystemandpractice.

ForthepurposesofthisAgreement,theterm“intellectualproperty”referstoallcategoriesofintellectualpropertythatarethesubjectofSectionIthrough7ofPartII.

MembersshallaccordthetreatmentprovidedforinthisAgreementtothenationalsofotherMembers.Inrespectoftherelevantintellectualpropertyright,thenationalofotherMembersshallbeunderstoodasthosenaturalorlegalpersonsthatwouldmeetthecriteriaforeligibilityforprotectionprovidedforintheParisConvention(1967),theBerneConvention(1971),theRomeConventionandtheTreatyonIntellectualPropertyinRespectofIntegratedCircuits,wereallMembersoftheWTOmembersofthoseconventions.AnyMemberavailingitselfofthepossibilitiesprovidedinParagraph3ofArticle5orParagraph2ofArticle6oftheRomeConventionshallmakeanotificationasforeseeninthoseprovisions