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住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国传媒大学考试名师押题精选卷I(带答案详解)(图片可根据实际调整大小)题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.单选题
TheOlympicGamesweretelecast()allovertheworld.
问题1选项
A.incidentally
B.separately
C.simultaneously
D.especially
【答案】C
【解析】考查副词辨析。A选项incidentally“顺便;偶然地;附带地”;B选项separately“分别地;分离地”;C选项simultaneously“同时地”;D选项especially“特别;尤其;格外”。句意:全世界都在……转播奥运会。转播奥运会,说明是同时发生的动作,因此C选项正确。
2.单选题
Agoodteacheralwaystriesto()studentstoaskquestion.
问题1选项
A.encourage
B.stimulate
C.needle
D.spread
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项encourage“鼓励,激励”。B选项stimulate“刺激,鼓舞”。C选项needle“刺激,故意招惹”。D选项spread“传播,伸展”。句意:一个好的老师总是鼓励学生去提问。本句表示“鼓励学生提问”。因此A选项符合题意。
3.单选题
Amajor()innegotiationhasbeenachieved.
问题1选项
A.breakthrough
B.breakdown
C.outbreak
D.break-off
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项breakthrough“突破;突破性进展”;B选项breakdown“故障;崩溃;分解”;C选项outbreak“(战争)爆发;(疾病)发作”;D选项break-off“折断;暂停工作”。句意:在谈判方面取得了重大……。achieve属于积极性词汇,“取得突破”更为准确,因此A选项正确。
4.单选题
WhenyoustudyintheUnitedStates,usuallyyouhavetobuyyourownhealth().
问题1选项
A.insurance
B.expense
C.evidence
D.assurance
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项insurance“保险,保险费”。B选项expense“损失,代价”。C选项evidence“证据,证明”。D选项assurance“保证,担保”。句意:当你在美国学习时,通常你必须自己购买健康保险。因此A选项符合题意。
5.单选题
Thepersonheinterviewedwas()hisformerschoolmate.
问题1选项
A.nootherthan
B.nomorethan
C.noneotherthan
D.nonetheless
【答案】C
【解析】考查短语辨析。A选项nootherthan“不是别的…;正是…”;B选项nomorethan“不过;仅仅”;C选项noneotherthan“不是别的…;正是…”;D选项nonetheless“仍然,还是”。句意:他采访的人正是他以前的同学。因此A和C都符合句意,但在现代英语中nootherthan不太常用,且多用于指物,而常用noneotherthan来指人,故本题选C。
6.单选题
Itisusefultobeabletopredicttheextent()whichapricechangewillaffectsupplydemand.
问题1选项
A.from
B.to
C.with
D.for
【答案】B
【解析】Normal07.8磅02falsefalsefalseEN-USZH-CNX-NONE
考查短语搭配。Which指先行词theextent,空格处词语应与theextent相搭配,构成to……extent。B选项正确。
7.单选题
Youmustinsistthatstudentsgiveatruthfulanswer()withtherealityoftheirworld.
问题1选项
A.relevant
B.simultaneous
C.consistent
D.practical
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项relevant表示“相关的;中肯的”,常与介词to搭配,B选项simultaneous表示“同时的,同时发生的”,C选项consistent表示“一致的;连续的”,常与介词with搭配,D选项practical表示“实际的;实践的”。由题干信息可知,原文空缺处单词需与with构成搭配,表示“与……一致”,因此,本题最佳选项为C选项。句意:你必须坚持要求学生的真实回答要与他们的现实世界一致。
8.单选题
Thenewcolleague()tohaveworkedinseveralbigcorporation’sbeforehejoinedourcompany.
问题1选项
A.confesses
B.declares
C.claims
D.confirms
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项confess表示“坦白;承认;供认”,B选项declare表示“宣布,申明,宣称”,D选项confirm表示“确认,确定,核实”,C选项claim表示“宣称,要求,索赔”。由句意可知,新同事宣称,他进入我们公司之前,在一些大公司里工作过。空缺处单词需与介词to构成搭配,因此本题正确答案为C选项。
9.单选题
TheheadoftheMuseumwas()andletusactuallyexaminetheancientmanuscripts.
问题1选项
A.promising
B.agreeing
C.pleasing
D.obliging
【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项promising表示“有希望的;有前途的”,B选项agreeing表示“赞成,同意”,C选项pleasing表示“令人高兴的,合意的”,D选项obliging表示“亲切友善的,乐于助人的”。由后文可知,博物馆负责人让我们查阅了那些古代的手抄本,所以他应该是亲切友善的,故本题正确答案为D选项。
10.单选题
Itisimpossibleforusto()suchadifficulttaskwithinthelimitedtime.
问题1选项
A.fuel
B.frown
C.fulfill
D.frost
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项fuel“供以燃料,推动”。B选项frown“皱眉,不同意”。C选项fulfill“履行,完成”。D选项frost“结霜,冻坏”。句意:我们不可能在有限的时间内完成如此艰巨的任务。因此C选项符合题意。
11.单选题
Thesystemhasbeendesignedtogivestudentsquickandeasy()tothedigitalresourcesofthelibrary.
问题1选项
A.acquaintance
B.accuracy
C.access
D.acquisition
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。acquaintance“熟人;相识;了解”;accuracy“准确性”;access“进入;通道;有使用权”,与介词to搭配;acquisition“获得物,获得”。句意:这套系统设计的目的是为了让学生能快速并且容易使用图书馆资源。选项C符合题意。
12.单选题
Howcanwefinishtheworkinthe()ofanyotherhelpers?
问题1选项
A.shortage
B.haste
C.deficiency
D.absence
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项shortage“缺乏,不足”。B选项haste“匆忙,急忙”。C选项deficiency“缺陷,缺点”。D选项absence“缺席,缺少,没有”。句意:如果没有其他帮手,我们怎么能完成这项工作呢?本句表示“缺乏帮手的话,难以完成这项工作”。因此D选项符合题意。
13.单选题
Theyarewell()witheachothersincetheyoncestudiedatthesameuniversity.
问题1选项
A.identified
B.recognized
C.acquainted
D.acknowledged
【答案】C
【解析】考查固定搭配。beidentifiedwith表示“支持;与……有密切相关”;recognize表示“承认,认可”,常与as构成固定搭配berecognizedas表示“被认为,被当作”,有时也与with构成搭配berecognizedwith表示“被识别出,被承认”;beacquaintedwith表示“了解;知晓(某事);熟悉”,beacknowledgedwith表示“被承认,被认可”。根据句意可知,因为他们曾经在同所大学中学习过,所以彼此很熟悉。此时since引导原因状语从句,因此,只有C项最符合固定搭配以及句意,故本题正确答案为C选项。
14.单选题
BACKin1922,ThomasEdisonpredictedthat“themotionpictureisdestinedtorevolutionizeoureducationalsystemand...inafewyearsitwillsupplantlargely,ifnotentirely,theuseoftextbooks.”Well,weallmakemistakes.ButatleastEdisondidnotsquandervastquantitiesofpublicmoneyoninstallingcinemascreensinschoolsaroundthecountry.
Withcomputers,thestoryhasbeendifferent.Manygovernmentshavepackedthemintoschools,convincedthattheirpresencewouldimprovethepaceandefficiencyoflearning.Largenumbersofstudies,somemoreacademicallyrespectablethanothers,havepurportedtoshowthatcomputershelpchildrentolearn.Now,however,astudythatcomparesclasseswithcomputersagainstsimilarclasseswithoutthemcastsdoubtonthatview.
InthecurrentEconomicJournal,JoshuaAngristoftheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyandVictorLavyoftheHebrewUniversityofJerusalemlookataschemewhichputcomputersintomanyofIsrael'sprimaryandmiddleschoolsinthemid-1990s.Dr.AngristandDr.LavycomparethetestscoresformathsandHebrewachievedbychildreninthefourthandeighthgrades(i.e.,agedaboutnineand13)inschoolswithandwithoutcomputers.Theyalsoaskedtheclasses'teachershowtheyusedvariousteachingmaterials,suchasXeroxedworksheetsand,ofcourse,computerprograms.TheresearchersfoundthattheIsraelischemehadmuchlesseffectonteachingmethodsinmiddleschoolsthaninelementaryschools.Italsofoundnoevidencethattheuseofcomputersimprovedchildren’stestscores.Infact,itfoundthereverse.Inthecaseofthemathscoresoffourth-graders,therewasaconsistentlynegativerelationshipbetweencomputeruseandtestscores.Theauthorsofferthreepossibleexplanationsofwhythismightbe.First,theintroductionofcomputersintoclassroomsmighthavegobbledupcashthatwouldotherwisehavepaidforotheraspectsofeducation.Butthatisunlikelyinthiscasesincethemoneyfortheprogrammercamefromthenationallottery,andthestudyfoundnosignificantchangeinteachingresources,methodsortraininginschoolsthatacquiredcomputersthroughthescheme.
Asecondpossibilityisthatthetransitiontousingcomputersininstructiontakestimetohaveaneffect.Maybe,saytheauthors,buttheschoolssurveyedhadbeenusingthescheme’scomputersforafullschoolyear.Thatwasenoughforthenewcomputerstohavehadalarge(andapparentlymalign)influenceonfourth-grademathsscores.Thethirdexplanationisthesimplest:thattheuseofcomputersinteachingisnobetter(andperhapsworse)thanotherteachingmethods.
ThebottomlinesaysDrAngrist,isthat"thecostsareclear-cutandthebenefitsaremurky.”Theburdenofproofnowlieswiththepromotersofclassroomcomputers.Andtheonlyreliablewaytomaketheircaseis,surely,toconductaproperstudy,withchildrenrandomlyallocatedtoteacherswhousecomputersandteacherswhouseothermethods,includingthecheapestofall:chalkandtalk.
1.Wecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthat().
2.Dr.AngristandDr.Lavyhavedonethefollowingexcept().
3.AccordingtoDr.AngristandDr.Lavy,intheIsraelischeme,studentsdidn’tmakeimprovementintheirtestscoresbecause().
4.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat().
5.Theauthor'sattitudetowardsgovernments'packingcomputersinschoolsseemstobe()
问题1选项
A.motionpicturehasrevolutionizededucationsystem
B.Edison'spredictionhasbeenprovedwrong
C.Edisonencouragedschoolstoinstallcinemascreens
D.schoolsarecautiousaboutEdison’sidea
问题2选项
A.comparingthetestscoresofstudentsindifferentagegroups
B.interviewingteachersabouttheirteachingmethods
C.launchingthecomputerprograminmanyIsraelischools
D.explainingstudents’schoolperformance
问题3选项
A.otheraspectsofeducationwereaffectedduetocashshortage
B.itwasnotlongenoughfortheprogramtotakeeffect
C.therewasanegativerelationshipbetweencomputeruseandtestscores
D.theuseofcomputerwasnobetterthanotherteachingmethods
问题4选项
A.therehasn’tbeenaproperstudyonthisissueyet
B.schoolauthoritiesshouldprovideprooftosupportthecomputerprogram
C.installingcomputersinschoolscoststoomuch,buthaslittleornoeffect
D.chalkandtalkworkbetterthancomputerinteaching
问题5选项
A.biased
B.indifferent
C.disapproving
D.puzzling
【答案】第1题:B
第2题:C
第3题:D
第4题:A
第5题:C
【解析】第1题:1.细节事实题。题干询问:我们可以从第一段中得知什么?针对爱迪生的言论,后文提到“we
allmakemistakes(当然,人都会犯错)”,由此可判断作者通过这样的表述暗指爱迪生的言论错误。因此B项“爱迪生的预言被证明是错误的”表述正确,而其余三项均不能由原文第一段得出,故本题正确答案为B选项。
第2题:2.细节事实题。题干询问Dr.Angrist和Dr.Lavy没有做下列哪件事?根据原文第三段可知,这两位研究人员“comparethetestscoresfor...(对比了学生的考试成绩)和Theyalsoaskedtheclasses'teachershow...(询问教师如何使用各种教学材料)”,由此可判断A选项与B选项表述正确。再由原文第四段“Theauthorsofferthreepossibleexplanationsofwhythismightbe”可知,他们还提供了可能的解释。因此,A、B和D项都是这两位研究员所做的事情,而由原文第二段第二句“Manygovernmentshavepackedthemintoschools”可知,C项launchthecomputerprogram是由以色列政府所为,并非这两位科学家,因此本题正确答案为C选项。
第3题:3.细节事实题。题干询问:根据以色列计划中Dr.Angrist和Dr.Lavy的表述,学生分数在测试中没有进步的原因是什么?根据题干可定位到原文第四段和第五段,分析这两段内容可知,两位研究人员提出了电脑没有提高学生成绩的三种最可能的解释。而在描述前两种解释时,都举出了不成立的理由,因此可判断A选项和B选项错误,C选项“使用电脑与考试成绩之间一直存在着负相关关系”只是一种现象,不是学生没有进步的原因。作者在阐述第三种解释时并未指出其不合理,说明这种解释有一定的可靠性。这种解释认为:学生成绩没有进步可能是因为在教学中使用电脑并不比其他教学方法更好(也许还更糟)”。由此可判断D选项符合题意。
第4题:4.推理判断题。题干询问:由文章最后一段可以推断出什么?作者指出“Theburdenofproofnowlieswiththepromotersofclassroomcomputers.”,所以要说明使用电脑有助于课堂教学这一说法得需要课堂电脑的推广者来证明。而根据“Andtheonlyreliablewaytomaketheircaseis,surely,toconductaproperstudy,withchildrenrandomlyallocatedtoteacherswhousecomputersandteacherswhouseothermethods,includingthecheapestofall:chalkandtalk.”可知,要证明他们的观点,唯一可靠的方法当然是进行一项适当的研究,把孩子随机分配给使用电脑的老师和使用其他方法的老师。因此,作者对以前的研究方法提出了质疑,A选项“在这个问题上还没有一个适当的研究”表述正确。B选项表示“学校当局应该提供证据来支持电脑程序”,C选项表示“在学校里安装电脑花费太多,但收效甚微”,D选项表示“在教学中,粉笔和谈话比电脑更有效”,均不可由最后一段内容得出。故本题正确答案为A选项。
第5题:5.观点态度题。题干询问:作者对政府在学校安装电脑似乎是什么样的态度?在四个选项中,A选项biased表示“片面的;有偏见的”;B选项indifferent表示“冷淡的;漠不关心的”;C选项disapproving表示“反对的;不赞成的”;D选项puzzling表示“费解的;令人困惑的”。前文作者讲到至少爱迪生没有浪费公共资金,暗示了在学校安装电脑取代教科书的使用是浪费公共资金。文章最后一段作者引用研究人员的观点,说明在学校安装电脑成本明确但收效甚微,并提出应该采用适当的研究方法来对比真正得出是否有必要在学校安装电脑来取代课本。因此,作者对在学校安装电脑这件事更偏向于持有否定的态度,故本题正确答案为C选项。
15.单选题
Wedevelopedahighdegreeoftrustandaconsiderablepersonal().
问题1选项
A.support
B.rapport
C.export
D.apport
【答案】B
【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项support“支持;帮助”;B选项rapport“密切关系,交往”;C选项export“输出,出口”;D选项apport“物体显形;幻想”。句意:我们发展了高度的互相信任和不错的私人密切关系。因此B符合题意。
16.单选题
Mostpeoplebelievethatthestudyofanothernation,itssocietyandculture,canbenotonlyfascinatingbutalso().
问题1选项
A.beneficial
B.benefit
C.benefiting
D.beneficent
【答案】A
【解析】考查同根词辨析。A选项beneficial“有利的,有用的”;B选项benefit“使受益”;C选项benefiting“benefit的现在分词”;D选项beneficent“有裨益的,慈善的”。句意:大多数人认为,研究另一个国家,及其社会和文化,不仅是有趣的,而且是有益的。这里考查benefit的各种变体,notonly…butalso连接fascinating(极有吸引力的,迷人的)和空格,因此空格处应填入与fascinating相近且并列的词,故选A。
17.单选题
Youcanclaima()onyourtax.
问题1选项
A.rebate
B.debate
C.abate
D.libate
【答案】A
【解析】考查形近词辨析。A选项rebate“退还款;折扣;返还部分”;B选项debate“辩论;(正式的)讨论”;C选项abate“减轻;减少”;D选项libate“喝酒。句意:你可以要求退回部分税款。此处应填入一个名词,故排除C项和D项,只有A项符合句意,故选A。
18.单选题
Thepolicehaveofferedalarge()forinformationleadingtorobber’sarrest.
问题1选项
A.reward
B.award
C.compensation
D.prize
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。reward意为“酬谢,奖赏”,尤指因表现出色或向他人提供帮助或服务而得到的酬谢;award尤指因表现出色或成绩卓越由官方决定颁发的“奖品,奖金,奖赏,奖状”;compensation尤指因损失而给予的“补偿(赔偿)物,补偿(赔偿)金”;prize尤指在比赛、竞赛中获得的“奖品,奖赏”。句意:警局提供了丰厚的奖赏来奖励那些为抓住罪犯提供线索的人。
19.单选题
Theyarelookingforsomewayto()theirappetite.
问题1选项
A.satiate
B.apply
C.strengthen
D.sustain
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项satiate“充分满足;使厌腻”;B选项apply“申请;涂,敷;适用”;C选项strengthen“加强;巩固”;D选项sustain“维持;支撑,承担”。句意:他们正在寻找填饱肚子的方法。此题选A,可以把“satiateappetite”理解为“填饱肚子”。
20.单选题
ProfessorSmithandBrownwill()ingivingtheclasslectures.
问题1选项
A.differ
B.alternate
C.change
D.alter
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。differ“与……不同”;alternate“交流,轮流,交替发生”;change“改变”;alter“改变,更改,修改”。句意:史密斯教授和布朗教授轮流上课。选项B符合题意。
21.单选题
Iwasunawareofthecriticalpointsinvolved,somychoicewasquite().
问题1选项
A.artistic
B.artificial
C.arbitrary
D.mechanical
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词辨析。C选项arbitrary“任意的,武断的,是由偶然、一时兴致或冲动而非由必然、推理决定的。A选项artistic“艺术的,风雅的”。B选项artificial“人造的,仿造的”。D选项mechanical“机芯的,自动的”。句意:我不知道所涉及的关键所在,所以我的选择很随意。因此C选项符合题意。
22.单选题
Ourneighborshangtheirchildren'sframeddiplomasin()placesonthewallofthesettingroom.
问题1选项
A.brilliant
B.respective
C.conspicuous
D.remarkable
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项brilliant表示“绝妙的;杰出的;聪颖的;明亮的”,B选项respective表示“分别的,各自的”,C选项conspicuous表示“显著的,显而易见的”,D选项remarkable表示“非凡的;卓越的;值得注意的”。由句意可知,我们邻居把他们孩子的文凭框挂在客厅墙上显眼的地方。因此,C选项conspicuous符合语境,故本题正确答案为C选项。
23.单选题
Ifyousawadoctorleavingahouse,youmight()thatsomeoneinthehousewasill.
问题1选项
A.induce
B.deduce
C.reduce
D.refer
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项induce“诱导;引起;引诱”;B选项deduce“推论;演绎出”;C选项reduce“减少;降低”;D选项refer“涉及;委托;参考”。句意:如果你看到一个医生离开一所房子,你可能会……房子里有人生病了。“医生”和“有人生病”之间存在推论,因此B选项正确。
24.单选题
Idon’tthinkthatthisquestionissubordinate()themainaimofourcompany.
问题1选项
A.with
B.to
C.for
D.on
【答案】B
【解析】考查固定搭配。句意:我认为这个问题不属于我们公司的主要目标。besubordinateto意为“从属于……,次于……”,选项B正确。
25.翻译题
SherryTurkleofMIT:ThehumancostofsocialtechnologyBySimonMainwaring
Inlightofalltherecentdevelopmentsaroundsocialtechnology,fromthelaunchofGoogle+toFacebook’sF8conferencelaunchofTimelineandTickerlastweek,IfeltitespeciallypertinenttosharethisinterviewwithSherryTurkleofMIT.WhatsheinvitesustoconsideristhehumancostofoursocialmediaengagementwhichseemsallthemorerelevantasnetworkslikeGoogle+andFacebookarmuswithnewtoolstobecomeevenmoreeffectiveonlinestorytellersinspiringustospendmoretimethere.
SM:HiI'mSimonMainwaring,hereattheIVOHWorldSummitintheCatskills,NewYork,andIhavethegreatpleasureofbeingherewithSherryTurkle,whoistheprofessorofSocialStudiesofScienceandTechnologyatMIT,andtheauthorofthecriticallyacclaimedbook.AloneTogether.Itissuchapleasuretochatwithyou,Sherry.Thankyouforyourtime.Now,oneofthethingsItalkaboutwhenitcomestosocialmediaisthatIbelievethattechnologyisteachingustobehumanagain,yetthethesisofyourbookmightactuallygoagainstthatproposition.Doyouthinkthat’strueornot?
ST:Ithinkthat'sacomplicatedstory.
1.Thatistosay,wearenowusingtechnologyinsomewaysthataredistancingusfromeachother,butI’moptimisticbecauseIthinksomanyofusarestartingtorealizethatsomethingisgoingamisswhenwehavedinnerwithfriendsandeveryonehasaphoneonthetableandinterruptsconversationsinordertotakethosecalls.WhenIwalkedthedunesofCapeCodthatThoreauwalked,andeverybodyiswalkingthoseduneswiththeirheadsdowntothosedevices,somethingisgoingamiss.Wheneveryoneisansweringemailsinsteadoftalkingtocolleaguesatwork,somethingisgoingamiss.Soit’sgood,butweneedtomakeitgoodforus.
SM:Whatwouldyousayisbeinglost,andwhatisthecostofthat?
ST:Well,I’veinterviewedhundredsofyoungpeopleandhundredsofolderpeopleandIthinkthatoneofthethingsthatisbeinglostistheabilitytotoleratesolitude.InmyownstudiesIcallit,“Ishare,thereforeIam.”Thatistosay,yougofromapositionwhereyousay“Ihaveafeeling,Iwanttomakeacall,”toapositionwhereyousay“Iwanttohaveafeeling,Ineedtosendatext.”
2.Sowhat’sbeinglostistheabilitytoexperienceyourthoughtsandfeelingswithoutimmediatelysharingthemandyoulosethecapacitytocollaboratebecausecollaborationisinfusion.Youneedtocometocollaborationwithasenseofself,withyourownideasandconfidenceinyourself.Youlosethecapacityforcertainkindsofleadershipbecause,again,leadershiprequiresanabilitytolead,notjusttopoll.
3.Soyoufeellikewe’relosingtheabilitytobepresentbecausewe’reinsuchahurrytopassonthatexperiencethatwealmostcutourselvesoutoftheequation.
ST:Yes.Andwe’resubstitutingconnectionforconversation.Ithinkthat’sveryimportant.Thismovefromconversationtoconnection,andwe’realmostforgettinghownurturingconversationis.OverandoverI’veinterviewedpeoplewhobasicallytellme“Don’tcall.”InAloneTogetherIhaveachaptertitledPleaseDon’tCall.Thelastthingtheywantisatelephonecall.Itwouldtaketoomuchtime.It’stoodangerous.Toomuchmightshow.Theydon’twanttobeinterrupted.It’seasiertosendanemailorsendatextandnothavetherisksofshowingthemselvesinaconversation.
SM:Wouldyoucharacterizethisasafunctionoftheneedtonowliveinpublicatalltimes,toalwaysbe“on”?Isthatthechallengethatwe’reallfacingnow,because,giventheopportunitytodoitwithsocialmediaandtheseotherplatforms,wefeelobligatedtodoso?
ST:Thereareseveralthings.We’vegivenourselvesanopportunitytohide.Socialmedia,forallofit’sbounties—andI’mveryenthusiasticofallthebountiesofsocialmedia—italsogivesusanopportunitytohide.
4.Weperformourselvesonsocialmedia,andthatisdifferentfrombeingourselvesonsocialmedia.Thatabilitytoperformyourselfisalsoanabilitytohide.Itleadstosomethingthatcall“Fearofmissingout.”You’realwayswatchingwhatotherpeoplearedoingandyoubeingtobejealousbecausetheirshowingtheirbestselvesandyou’reshowingyourbestself.YoualmostbecomejealousofthelifeyouliveonFacebook.Youhavetoremindyourselfthatit’syourlifebecauseyou’reshowingyourbestself.
SM:Letmeaskyouaquestionaboutthat.Howdifferentisthattotheversionofourselvesthatwepresentintherealworld,albeitonlytooneortwoorfivepeopleatatime?Isitworsebecausewecanreachamassaudience?
ST:No,it’sworsebecause...we’resittingheretogetherand,ofcourse,I’minaroleandyou’reinarole,butbecausewe’reheretogether,certainthingsshow.We’reanimals,we’rehumanbeingsand,really,bythefactthatwe’reheretogether,weshowourselvestoeachother,werevealourselvestoeachother.Onthenetwork,wecanfakeit.Wecanperformourselvesinawaywherethereisamorepolishedself.Iinterviewpeoplewhoreallydescribetomethetimeandthecaretheytakeonwhattheypresentintheirsocialmediapresence.It’slikewe’replayingavatarsofourselves.
SM:5.Ifyouhadtocharacterizeitintwoways,thelongtermeffectsonthis,whatisthebestcasescenario,theupside,andtheworstcasescenario.Giveusthespectrumofconsequence.
ST:Bestcasescenario...Myfavoritelineinmybookis,“Justbecausewegrewupwiththeinternet,wethinktheinternetisallgrownup,anditisn’t,andit’stimetomakethecorrections.”Ithinkwe’reataturningpointnowwherewe’rereadytoreassessandliveasanerandhealthierlife.Ithinkthecorporateworldisreadytobemoreattentivetothesocialandemotionalneedsofbothitsconsumersanditsworkers.Ithinkthatpeoplearereadytobemoreattentivetolivingasanerlifeintheironlinepresence.Wedon’twanttobeinterrupted.6.Sotheplussideisthatwe’reatamomentwherewe’regoingtobeabletoenjoythebountiesofthistechnologyandminimizeitscost.Thedownsideisthatwearesomehow,justlikethere’safogofwar,there’safogoftechnology.TeachingatMITfor30years,Icantellyouthattechnologycanmakeusforgetwhatweknowaboutlife,andoneofthethingsthatwe’reforgettingrightnowistheimportanceofconversationandoftrulybeingwitheachotherinthewaysthatmatter.
SM:Yetyou’restilloptimistic.Whyareyouoptimistic?Whatgivesyouhope?
ST:7.I’moptimisticbecauseIthinkhumanbeingswanttobewitheachotherandrealizethenurturanceandthesustainingeffectsofbeingwitheachotherandcommunicatingwitheachother.Ithinkthatthere’samovementIseeintheresonanceinmyworkandintheworkofotherpeoplewhoarestartingtohavethiskindofmessage,includingyourselfactually,thatthere’sstartingtobeaconvergenceinthecorporateworldandconsumerworldofrealizingthatthesetwoworldshaveintereststhatarestartingtocometogetherbyusingthistechnologyinmorehumaneways,inwaysthatarebetterforthesocialgood.
SM:Ican’ttellyouhowexcitedIambythebook.Thatfifteen-yearstudyontheimpactofscienceandtechnologyisabsolutelyincredible.Ihighlyrecommendittoeveryone.Whereelsecanpeoplefindyouonline?
ST:Forthebook,goto,orgoogleSherryTurkleandmywebpagewithallmywritingsandresearchwillbeonthat.
SM:Thankyouforgivingusthegiftofallyourthinking.Arealpleasuretomeetyou,Sherry.
【答案】1.也就是说,我们现在使用的技术在某些方面正使我们相互疏远。但对此我很乐观。我们和一群朋友一起吃饭时,每个人都带着手机,电话铃响起时却不得不中断交谈。已经有一些人认识到其中的问题了
2.因此,你失去的是一种无需立即分享就独自体验你的想法和感受的能力,且由于合作需要融入,你也失去了合作的能力。
3.所以你会觉得我们正在失去活在当下的能力,因为我们太急于将这种体验传递下去,以至于我们几乎把自己隔离起来。
4.我们在社交媒体上表现自己,这和在社交媒体前做自己是不同的。这种自我表现的能力也是一种隐藏的能力,这最终会变成我说的“害怕错过”。
5.如果你必须用两种方式来描述它的长期影响,那就是最好的情况与最坏的结果。给出结果可能出现的范围。
6.因此,好的一面是,我们现在能够享受这项技术的好处并将其代价降到最低。坏的一面是,就像战争一样,我们需要面对“科技的迷雾”。
7.我很乐观,因为我认为人们想要同彼此在一起,认识到彼此相处和交流的滋养和持续效果。
26.单选题
Iaskedthecounselortogivemea()estimateofthefeeofdefendingmycaseincourt.
问题1选项
A.rude
B.crude
C.rough
D.coarse
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项rude表示“粗鲁的;无礼的,未开化的”,B选项crude表示“粗糙的,天然的,未加工的”,C选项rough表示“粗糙的,粗略的,艰苦的,未加工的”,D选项coarse表示“粗鄙的;粗糙的”。根据关键词estimate可知,我让律师对我的案件上庭辩护所需费用进行粗略估算。因此,只有C项最符合原文语境,故本题正确答案为C选项。
27.单选题
Theshipwas()inastormoffJamaica.
问题1选项
A.owned
B.sunk
C.wrecked
D.submitted
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词辨析。此处考查的是动词过去分词形式作为形容词使用的词义,A选项owned“自身拥有的”;B选项sunk“凹陷的;低沉的;失去希望的”;C选项wrecked“失事的”;D选项submitted“屈服的”。句意:这艘船在牙买加附近的风暴中……。“风暴”与“船”联系在一起,符合常理的就是“失事”了,C选项正确。
28.单选题
Theirdefenderssaytheyaremotivated,versatileworkerswhoarejustwhatcompaniesneedinthesedifficulttimes.Toothers,however,themembersofGenerationY—thoseborninthe1980sand1990sotherwiseknownastheNetGeneration—arespoiled,narcissisticidlerswhocannotspellandwastetoomuchtimeoninstantmessagingandFacebook.Ah,replytheNetGenres,butallthatmessingaroundonlineprovesthatwearecomputer-literatemulti-taskerswhoareskillfulusersofonlinecollaborativetoolsandnaturalteamplayers.And,while,youareonthesubjectofme,Ineedamonth’svacationtoreconsidermypersonalgoal.
Thiscultureclashhasbeengoingoninmanyorganizationsandhaslatelyseepedintomanagementbooks.TheNetGenershavegrownupwithcomputers;theyarebrimmingwithself-confidence;andtheyhavebeenencouragedtochallengereceivedwisdom,tofindtheirownsolutionstoproblemsandtotreatworkasaroutetopersonalfulfillmentratherthanmerelyawayofputtingfoodonthetable.Notallofthismakesthemeasytomanage.Bossescomplainthatafterachildhoodofbeingspoiledandpraised,NetGenersdemandfarmorefrequentfeedbackandanover-precisesetofobjectivesonthepathofpromotion.InanewreportfromPriceewaterhouseCoopers,aconsultancy,61%ofchiefexecutivessaytheyhavetroublerecruitingandintegratingyoungeremployees.
Forthosehard-to-pleaseoldermanagers,thecurrentrecessionisthejoyfulequivalentofhidinganalarmclockinasleepingteenagers'bedroom.Onceagain,thetouchy-feelymanagementfashionsthatalwaysspringupinyearsofplentyarebeingditchedinfavorofmorebrutalcommand-and-controlmethodsHavinggrownupingoodtimes,NetGenershavelaboredundertheillusionthattheworldowedthemaliving.Buthoppingbetweenjobstofindonethatmeetsyourinnerspiritualneedsisnotsoeasywhentherearenojobstohopto.Andasforthatvacation:here'sapermanentone,sunshine.
Infact,compromisewillbenecessaryonbothsides.NetGenerswillcertainlyhavetolowersomeoftheirexpectationsandtaketheworldasitis,notastheywouldlikeittobe.Buttheirolderbossesshouldalsobepreparedtomakeconcessions.Theeconomywilleventuallyrecoveranddemographictrendsinmostrichcountrieswillmakecleveryoungworkersevenmorevaluable.Besides,manyofthethingsthatKeepNetGenershappyareworthdoinganyway.Butforthemomentatleast,theFacebookersareunderheavycriticism.
1.IntheeyesofthecriticsoftheNetGeneration,theNetGenersarecharacterizedas().
2.AccordingtoPara.2,NetGenersarenoteasytomanageinthat().
3.Theword“touchy-feely"inPara.3mostprobablymeans().
4.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthattheauthorbelieves().
5.Whatistheauthors’attitudetowardsNetGeners?
问题1选项
A.accomplishedandcompetent
B.smartandflexible
C.self-centeredandindulged
D.selfishanduncooperative
问题2选项
A.they'veattachedtoomuchimportancetothepersonalfulfillment
B.they'vebeencourageousenoughtochallengetheirbosses
C.they’vehadexcessiveconfidenceinthemselves
D.they'verequiredexcessiveresponsesandgoals
问题3选项
A.sensitiveandcaring
B.coldandbloody
C.lazyandreckless
D.funnyandinteresting
问题4选项
A.NetGenersshouldgiveuptheirexpectations
B.olderbossesshouldgivetheNetGenerswhatevertheywant
C.bothNetGenersandbossesshouldfacethereality
D.bothNetGenersandbossesshouldlearntoconcede
问题5选项
A.Supportive.
B.Objective.
C.Biased.
D.Pessimistic.
【答案】第1题:C
第2题:D
第3题:A
第4题:D
第5题:B
【解析】第1题:1.推理判断题。由第一段“Toothers,however,themembersofGenerationY—thoseborninthe1980sand1990sotherwiseknownastheNetGeneration-arespoiled,narcissisticidlerswhocannotspellandwastetoomuchtimeoninstantmessagingandFacebook.然而,对另一些人来说,y一代(出生于80年代和90年代的人,也被称为网络一代)是被宠坏的、自恋的游手好闲者,他们不会拼写,在即时通讯和Facebook上浪费了太多时间。”可知在批判者眼中,网络一代是被宠坏的,并且是自恋的游手好闲者。故C项正确。且在批判者眼中,网络一代自然是有缺点的,故应该用贬义词,排除AB两项。D项“自私的和不配合的”与文中所述内容不符。
第2题:2.细节事实题。根据题干定位到第二段“Notallofthismakesthemeasytomanage.Bossescomplainthatafterachildhoodofbeingspoiledandpraised,NetGenersdemandfarmorefrequentfeedbackandanover-precisesetofobjectivesonthepathofpromotion.并不是所有这些都使它们易于管理。老板们抱怨说,在经历了被宠坏和表扬的童年后,网络一代要求在晋升的道路上有更频繁的反馈和一套过于精确的目标。由此可知网络一代难于管理的原因在于他们在职场晋升之路上要求更频繁的反馈并且需要精确的目标。故D项正确,D项的response和goals是对原文中的feedback以及objectives的同义转换。
第3题:3.词义题。由Onceagain,thetouchy-feelymanagementfashionsthatalwaysspringupinyearsofplentyarebeingditchedinfavorofmorebrutalcommand-and-controlmethods.再一次,在经济充裕的年份里总是涌现出的____的管理潮流正在被抛弃,取而代之的是更为残酷的命令与控制方式。由“morebrutalcommand-and-
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