2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国传媒大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）试卷号61

住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国传媒大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）（图片可根据实际调整大小）题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.单选题

CordiaHarringtonwastiredofstandingupalldayandsmellinglikeFrenchfriesatnight.SheownedandoperatedthreeMcDonald’sshopsinIllinois,butasadivorcedmotherofthreeboys,sheyearnedforabusinessthatwouldprovideforherchildrenandletherspendmoretimewiththem.

Herluckymomentcame,strangelyenough,aftershewasnominatedin1992tobeontheMcDonald'sbuncommittee.“Thecompanypickedmeupinacorporatejettoseebakeriesaroundtheworld.”Sherecalls.“EverytimeIwenttoameeting,Ilovedit.Thiswasglobal!”

Theexperienceopenedhereyestobusinesspossibilities.WhenMcDonald’sdecideditwantedanewbunsupplier,Harringtonbecamedeterminedtowinthecontract,eventhoughshehadnoexperiencerunningabakery.

Harringtonstudiedthebakerybusinessandmadesureshewasneveroffexecutives’radar.“Ifyouhaveadream,youcan’twaitforpeopletocallyou,”shesays.“SoI’dvisitamillandsendthemphotosofmyself,inabaker’shatandjacket,holdingasignthatsays“Iwanttobeyourbaker.”Afterfouryearsand32interviews,herpersistencepaidoff.

Harringtonsealedthedealwithahandshake,soldhershopsandborrowed$13.5million.Shewasreadytobuildthefaster,mostautomatedbakeryintheworld.

TheTennesseeBunCompanyopenedaheadofschedulein1997intimeforaslumpinUSfast-foodsalesforMcDonald’s.BeforeHarringtonknewit,shewasdowntoherlast$20,000,notenoughtocoverpayroll.AndheragreementwithMcDonald’srequiredthatshesellexclusivelytothecompany.“Icriedmyselftosleepmanynights,”sherecalls.“IreallydidthinkIamgoingtogobankrupt”.

ButHarringtonworkedoutanagreementtosupplyPepperideFarmaswell.“McDonald’scouldseebenefitifourproductionwentupandpriceswentdownandnobenefitifwewentoutofbusiness,”shesays.“Thatdealsavedus.”

Overthenexteightyears,Haringtonbranchedoutevenmore:Shestartedherowntruckingbusiness,addedacold-storagecompany,andnowhasthreebakeriesproducingfreshbunsandfrozendough—allnowknownastheBuncompanies.Speedisstillapriority:Ittakes11peopleatthemainbakerytomakeout60,000bunsanhourforclientsacross40states,SouthAmerica,andtheCaribbean.

Gratefulforthebreaksshe’shad,Harringtonispassionateaboutprovidingopportunitiestoall230employees.“Financialsuccessisthemostfunwhenyoucangiveitaway,”shesays.

Thecurrenteconomyischallenging.Someofherclients’saleshavedeclined,butshe’sfoundnewclientsandimprovedefficienciestohelpsustaintheeconomy’sdouble-digitgrowth.

CordiaHarringtondoesn’thavetostandonherfeetalldayanymore.Twoofherthreesonsnowworkforher.Andshe'smarriedherhusband,Tom,isnowherCFO.

"Thisismorethanajob,”saysHarrington.“It'samission.I'malwaysthinking.Howcanwebestserveouremployees?Ifwesupportthem,they’lldotheirbesttolookafterourclients.That’showitworkshere.”

1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingwasmostsignificantinHarrington’searlycareer?

2.“Harringtonmadesureshewasneveroffexecutives‘radar’"(ParagraphFour)meansthatshe（）.

3.Howdidshesurvivethecrisisofthebakerybusiness?

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECTindescribinghercurrentbusiness?

5.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingisfundamentaltoHarrington’ssuccess?

问题1选项

A.Hertravelandthevisitstobakeriesaroundtheworld.

B.HernominationontheMcDonald’sbuncommittee.

C.Abusinesscontractwithlocalbunsuppliers.

D.Theinterviewsandexperienceinrunningabakery.

问题2选项

A.herselfwantedtobeacompanyexecutive

B.meanttohireexecutivestorunthebusiness

C.meanttokeephermanagementknowledgeandskills

D.focusedonthemanagementofthebakerybusiness

问题3选项

A.Byopeningherbuncompanyaheadofschedule.

B.Bysupplyingbunsforanothercompany.

C.BykeepingsuppliesupforMcDonald.

D.BymakinganewagreementwithMcDonald.

问题4选项

A.Itisfastgrowing.

B.Itisdiversified.

C.Itsclientsarealllocal.

D.Itismoreefficient.

问题5选项

A.Perseveranceandconcernforemployees.

B.Businessexpansionandfamilysupport.

C.Efficiencyandloveforthefamily.

D.Opportunitiesandspeed.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:1.判断推理题。根据第三段的首句“Theexperienceopenedhereyestobusinesspossibilities.这次经历使她看到了商机”，也就是说，在哈林顿的早期职业生涯中最重要的是这次经历。再根据上一段的内容可知，这次经历是在她被任命为麦当劳的面包委员会委员后，公司派专机接她去看世界各地的面包房。所以选项A符合原文。本题容易错选B，但被任命后如果没有那些经历，也不能对她的职业产生影响，所以重要的还是“experience”。

第2题:2.判断推理题。根据原文句意“哈林顿学习了怎样经营面包店，并且确保自己从来没有离开过管理层的视线”，由此可知，她这样做是为了保持她的管理知识和技能，所以选项C正确。选项A“她自己想成为一名公司主管”不正确，因为她是想自己经营一家公司而不是成为主管；选项B“打算雇佣管理人员来经营企业”不正确，这时候她自己还没有开公司，所以谈不上雇佣；选项D“专注于面包房业务的管理”也不正确，因为上一段提到她没有经营面包店的经验，所以她学习的是如何经营面包店，而不是业务管理。只有选项C符合原文。

第3题:3.细节事实题。根据第七段的最后一句话“那笔交易救了我们”，这里的交易指的是本段首句提到的“达成协议为Pepperide农场供应面包”。所以选项B“向另一家公司供应面包”正确。

第4题:4.细节事实题。根据第八段的最后一句“Ittakes11peopleatthemainbakerytomakeout60,000bunsanhourforclientsacross40states,SouthAmerica,andtheCaribbean.面包店的11个人每小时要为来自40个州、南美洲和加勒比海地区的客户制作6万个面包。”由此可知，她的客户不仅仅是当地的，所以选项C不正确。

第5题:5.判断推理题。根据最后一段的内容“‘这不仅仅是一份工作，’哈林顿说。‘这是一个任务。我总是思考。我们怎样才能更好地为员工服务？如果我们支持他们，他们就会尽力照顾我们的客户。这就是这里的运作方式。’”由此可知，关心员工是哈林顿成功的根本原因之一。除此之外，还有原文前面所提及的她自己付出的努力，以及自己坚持不懈的精神是她事业成功的另一个根本原因。所以选项A正确。

2.单选题

Thenewcolleague（）tohaveworkedinseveralbigcorporation’sbeforehejoinedourcompany.

问题1选项

A.confesses

B.declares

C.claims

D.confirms

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项confess表示“坦白；承认；供认”，B选项declare表示“宣布，申明，宣称”，D选项confirm表示“确认，确定，核实”，C选项claim表示“宣称，要求，索赔”。由句意可知，新同事宣称，他进入我们公司之前，在一些大公司里工作过。空缺处单词需与介词to构成搭配，因此本题正确答案为C选项。

3.单选题

Thispaintingperfectly（）theimpressionisticstyle,whichwassopopularatthetime.

问题1选项

A.examines

B.exemplifies

C.extracts

D.exempts

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。“examine检查，调查”；exemplify“例证，例示”；extract“提取，摘录”；exempt“免除，豁免”。句意：这幅画完美地例证了在那个时期非常流行的印象派风格。选项B更符合语境。

4.单选题

Iwasunawareofthecriticalpointsinvolved,somychoicewasquite（）.

问题1选项

A.artistic

B.artificial

C.arbitrary

D.mechanical

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。C选项arbitrary“任意的，武断的，是由偶然、一时兴致或冲动而非由必然、推理决定的。A选项artistic“艺术的，风雅的”。B选项artificial“人造的，仿造的”。D选项mechanical“机芯的，自动的”。句意：我不知道所涉及的关键所在，所以我的选择很随意。因此C选项符合题意。

5.单选题

WhentheAmericanpsychologistWayneOatesdiedin1999,theNewYorkTimesbeganhisobituarybynotingtwofacts.First,themanhadauthoredanastonishing57books.Second—andpresumablynotcoincidentally—hehadcoinedthewordworkaholic.Oatesinventedthenew-ubiquitoustermina1968essay,inwhichheconfessedthathisownadditiontoindustriousnesshadbeenadisordersimilartosubstanceabuse.Ofcourse,heacknowledged,workaholismismuchmorerespectablethandrinkingafifthaday—morethesortofpersonalitytraitthatmighthelpsomeone,say,earnanobitinthepaperrecord.

Whatprecisely,qualifiessomeoneasaworkaholic?There’sstillnosingleacceptedmedicaldefinition.Butpsychologistshavetriedtodistinguishpeoplemerelydevotedtotheircareersfromthetrueaddicts.Aseminal1992paperonhowtomeasuretheconditionarguedthatsufferersworknotonlycompulsivelybutalsowithlittleenjoyments.Newerdiagnostictestsattempttosingleoutthosewho,amongotherbehaviors,bingeandthensufferfromwithdrawal—justassomeonewouldwith,say,agamblingorcocainehabit.

Evenasthepreciseoutlinesofworkaholismremainabitfuzzy,variousstudieshavetriedtoidentifyitsphysicalandemotionaleffects.AttheriskofcarryingonlikeaPfizerad:researchhasassociateditwithsleepproblems,weightgain,highbloodpressure,anxiety,anddepression.Thatistosaynothingofitstollonfamilymembers.Perhapsunsurprisingly,spousesofworkaholicstendtoreportunhappinesswiththeirmarriages.Havingaworkaholicparentishardlybetter.Astudyofcollegeundergraduatesfoundthatchildrenofworkaholicsscored72percenthigheronmeasuresofdepressionthanchildrenofalcoholics.Theyalsoexhibitedmore-severelevelsof“prettification"—atermfamilytherapistsuseforsonsanddaughterswho,asthepaperputit,’’areparentstotheirownparentsandsacrificetheirownneeds...toaccommodateandcarefortheemotionalneedsandpursuitsofparentsoranotherfamilymember."

Howmanypeoplearetrueworkaholics?Onerecentestimatesuggeststhatabout10percentofU.S.adultsmightqualify;theproportionisashighas23percentamonglawyers,doctors,andpsychologists.Stillmorepeoplemaybeinclinedtocallthemselvesworkaholics,whetherornottheyactuallyare:in1998,27percentofCanadianstoldthecountry'sSocialSurveythattheywereworkaholics,including38percentofthosewithincomesover$80,000,(Evenamongthosewithnoincome,22percentcalledthemselvesworkaholics!Presumablysomewerebusyhomemakersandstudents.)

Theconditionmaywellhaveacertainsocialcachet;asthepsychologistBryanRobinsononcepartinworkadditionmightbe“thebest-dressedmentalhealthproblem”ofthemall.Inoneoftherareeconomicsstudiesonthesubject,researchersfoundthattheeducatedandaffluentweremuchmorelikelythanlower-incomeAmericanstoputoffretirement,apossiblesignofworkaholisminaddition.Suchdelayedretirementcertainlygivesnewmeaningtothephrase“worktodeath”.Forwhatitisworth,theconceptwouldnotraisemanyeyebrowsinJapan,wheregruelingjobhourshavelongbeenanorm,andthereisawordfordeathbyoverwork-karoshi.Thecountry’scourtshaveevenrecognizeditasabasisforwrongful-deathsuits.

1.AllofthefollowingstatementsaboutWayneOatesaretrueEXCEPTthat（）.

2.Whatisthedefinitionofworkaholicsgivenbytheseminal1992paper?

3.WhichofthefollowingresultisNOTrelatedtoworkaholism?

4.Whatcanbeimpliedfrom"whetherornottheyactuallyare'’inthefourthparagraph?

5.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

问题1选项

A.hethoughtworkaholismwasnotsociallyrespectable

B.hehadwritten57books

C.hebroughtthetermworkaholictotheworld

D.headmittedhisownadditiontowork

问题2选项

A.thosewhoworkwillinglyandhappily

B.thosewhoworkhardandhappily

C.thosewhoworkunwillinglyandunhappily

D.thosewhoworkhardandunhappily

问题3选项

A.Sleepdisorder

B.Weightloss

C.Depressionandanxiety

D.Unhappymarriages

问题4选项

A.Nobodyishardworkingatall.

B.Somepeoplearenotashardworkingasothersthink.

C.Allthepeoplearenotashardworkingasothersthink.

D.Somepeopleprefertoberegardedashardworking.

问题5选项

A.Thereasonswhypeoplebecomeworkaholics.

B.Thedefinitionandharmofworkaholism.

C.Thecountriesthathavethemostworkaholics.

D.Themethodsofnotbeingaworkaholic.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:1.细节事实题。题目问的是“下列哪个选项对WayneOates的描述不对？”文章第一段提到他写了57本书（First,themanhadauthoredanastonishing57books），因此选项B的描述是正确的，排除；第一段提到他创造了workaholic这个词(hehadcoinedthewordworkaholic),因此选项C的描述是正确的，排除；第一段提到他承认自己沉迷于工作（heconfessedthathisownadditiontoindustriousness），因此选项D的描述是正确的，排除。综上，选项A符合题意。

第2题:2.细节事实题。题目问的是“1992年的那篇论文对工作狂的定义是什么？”文章第二段提到1992年的研究认为工作狂是那些不仅强迫自己工作并且不享受工作的人（Aseminal1992paperonhowtomeasuretheconditionarguedthatsufferersworknotonlycompulsivelybutalsowithlittleenjoyments），因此选项C符合题意。

第3题:3.细节事实题。题目问的是“下列哪项不是工作狂导致的结果？”文章第三段第二句话提到与工作狂相关的问题有睡眠问题、体重增加、高血压、焦虑和抑郁（AttheriskofcarryingonlikeaPfizerad:researchhasassociateditwithsleepproblems,weightgain,highbloodpressure,anxiety,anddepression），因此选项B符合题意。

第4题:4.推理判断题。题目问的是“第四段中的‘他们是否是真的（是工作狂）’暗示了什么？”文章第四段提到有更多人倾向于称他们自己是工作狂，不论他们是不是（Stillmorepeoplemaybeinclinedtocallthemselvesworkaholics,whetherornottheyactuallyare），即无论他们是不是真正的工作狂，都希望被别人看到热衷于工作，因此选项D符合题意。

第5题:5.主旨大意题。题目问的是“文章的主旨是什么？”文章主要讲述了工作狂这个词的由来，它的定义，以及它所带来的不良后果，因此选项B符合题意。

6.单选题

Iknownowthatthemanwhosatwithmeonthewoodenstairsthathotsummernightoverthirty-fiveyearsagowasnotatallman.Buttoafive-year-old,hewasagiant.Wesatsidebyside,watchingthesungodownbehindtheoldTexacoservicestationacrossthebusystreet,astreetthatIwasneverallowedtocrossunlessaccompaniedbyanadult,orattheveryleast,anoldersibling.

Cherry-scentedsmokefromGrandpa’spipekeptthehungrymosquitoesatbaywhilegray,wispyswirlsdancedaroundourheads.Nowandagain,heblewasmokeringandlaughedasItriedtotargettheholewithmyfinger.I,cladinacoolsummernight,andGrandpa,hissleevelessT-shirt,satwatchingthetraffic.Wecountedcarsandtriedtoguessthecolorsofthenextonetoturnthecorner:

Onceagain,Iwascaughtinthemiddleofcircumstances,thefourthbornofsixchildren,itwasnotuncommonthatIwaseithertooyoungortoooldforsomething.ThisnightIwasboth.Whilemytwobabybrotherssleptinsidethehouse,mythreeoldersiblingsplayedwithfriendsaroundthecorner,whereIwasnotallowedtogo.IstayedwithGrandpa,andthatwasokaywithme.IwaswhereIwantedtobe.Mygrandfatherwasbabysittingwhilemymother,fatherandgrandmotherwentout.

“Thirsty?”Grandpaasked,neverremovingthepipefromhismouth.

“Yes”,wasmyreply.

“HowwouldyouliketorunovertothegasstationthereandgetyourselfabottleofCoke?”

Icouldn’tbelievemyears.HadIhearditright?Washetalkingtome?Onmyfamily’smodestincome,Cokewasnotapartofourbudgetordiet.AfewtantalizingsipswasallIhadeverhad,andcertainlynevermyownbottle.

“Okay.”Irepliedshyly,alreadywonderinghowIwouldgetacrossthestreet.SurelyGrandpawasgoingtocomewithme.

Grandpastretchedhislonglegoutstraightandreachedhishugehanddeepintothepocket.Icouldhearthefamiliarjanglingoftheloosechangehealwayscarried.Openinghisfist,heexposedamoundofsilvercoins.Theremusthavebeenamilliondollarsthere.Heinstructedmetopickoutadime.Afterhedepositedtherestofthechangebackintohispocket,hestoodup.

“Okay.”Hesaid,helpingmedownthestairsandtothecurb,“I’mgoingtostayhereandkeepanearoutforthebabies,I’lltellyouwhenit’ssafetocross.YougoovertotheCokemachine,getyourCokeandcomebackout.Waitformetotellyouwhenit’ssafetocrossback.”

Myheartpounded.Iclutchedmydimetightlyinmysweatypalm.Excitementtookmybreathaway.

Grandpaheldmyhandtightly.Togetherwelookedupthestreetanddown,andbackupagain.Hesteppedoffthecurbandtoldmeitwassafetocross.HeletgoofmyhandandIran.IranfasterthanIhadeverrunbefore.Thestreetseemedwide.IwonderedifIwouldmakeittotheotherside.Reachingtheotherside,IturnedtofindGrandpa.Therehewas,standingexactlywherelefthim,smilingproudly.Iwaved.

“Goon,hurryup,”heyelled.

MyheartpoundedwildlyasIwalkedinsidethedarkgarage.Ihadbeeninsidethegaragebeforewithmyfather,mysurroundingswerefamiliar.IheardtheCoca-ColamachinemotorhummingevenbeforeIsawit.Iwalkeddirectlytothebigoldred-whitedispenser.Iknewwheretoinsertmydime.Ihadseenitdonebeforeandhadfantasizedaboutmomentmanytimes.

Thebigoldmonstergreedilyacceptedmydime,andIheardthebottlesshift.OntiptoesIreachedupandopenedtheheavydoor.Theretheywere:oneneatrowofthickgreenbottles,necksstaringdirectlyatme,andicecoldfromtherefrigeration.Iheldthedooropenwithmyshoulderandgrabbedone.Withaquickyank,Ipulleditfreefromitsbondage.Anotheroneimmediatelytookitsplace.Thebottlewascoldinmysweatyhands.Iwillneverforgetthefeelingofthecoolglassonmyskin.Withtwohands,Ipositionedthebottleneckundertheheavybrassopenerthatwasboltedtothewall.Thecapdroppedintoanoldwoodenbox,andIreachedintoretrieveit.Itwascoldandbentinthemiddle,outIknewIneededtohavethissouvenir.Cokeinhand,Iproudlymarchedbackoutintotheearlyeveningdusk.Grandpawaswaitingpatiently.Hesmiled.

“Stoprightthere”,heyelled.Oneortwocarsspedbyme,andonceagain,Grandpasteppedoffthecurb.“Comeon,now”hesaid,“run.”Idid.Coolbrownfoamsprayedmyhands.“Don’teverdothatalone,”hewarned,Iheldthecokebottletightly;fearfulhewouldmakemepouritintoacup,ruiningthisdreamcometrue.Hedidn’t.Onelongswallowofthecoldbeveragecooledmysweatingbody.Idon’tthinkIeverfeltsoproud.

1.Fromthefirstthreeparagraphs,wecaninferthat（）.

2.Bysaying“Iwascaughtinthemiddleofcircumstances”inthethirdparagraph,theauthormeans（）.

3.Theauthor’sgrandpawasdescribedasbeingallthefollowingEXCEPT（）.

4.FromthepassagewecaninferthattherelationshipbetweentheauthorandhisGrandpawas（）.

5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue,accordingtothepassage?

问题1选项

A.theauthorwouldpreferplayingwithhisthreeoldersiblingstostayingwithhisgrandpa

B.theywerelivinginthesuburbswheretherewerenottoomuchtrafficontheroad.

C.thegrandpawasalwaystheonetobabysitfortheauthorandhissiblings.

D.theauthorenjoyedthetimethathespentwithhisgrandpa.

问题2选项

A.hewasfacingadilemmaanddidnotknowwhatdecisiontomake

B.hewascaughtwhenhewasdoingsomethingthathewasnotsupposedtodo

C.hewaseithertooyoungortoooldforsomethingasthefourthbornofsixchildren

D.hewasdoingsomethingthatrequiredhimtoconsiderdifferentcircumstances

问题3选项

A.considerate

B.stingy

C.careful

D.kind

问题4选项

A.close

B.remote

C.tense

D.impossibletotell

问题5选项

A.Itwasthefirsttimethattheauthorcrossedthestreetbyhimself

B.Itwasthefirsttimethattheauthorwentinthatgarage

C.TheauthorboughttheCoca-Colafromavendingmachine.

D.Theauthor’sgrandpakeptaneyeonhimthewholetime.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:1.细节事实题。题目问的是“我们可以从前面三段中得出什么结论？”文章第三段提到我没有被允许同三个哥哥姐姐一起玩，只能跟爷爷待一起，而这正是我愿意的（IwaswhereIwantedtobe），由此可以看出我愿意跟爷爷待在一块，选项D符合题意。

第2题:2.细节事实题。题目问的是“作者在第三段中提到‘我左右为难’，意味着什么？”文章第三段提到“我”在六个孩子中排行第四，所以很多事情他要么太大，要么太小，处于中间，因此选项C符合题意。

第3题:3.细节事实题。题目问的是“下列关于爷爷的描述哪项不正确？”文章第七段提到爷爷给作者买可乐，由于家庭条件一般，作者对爷爷给他买可乐这个举动表示惊讶（Onmyfamily’smodestincome,Cokewasnotapartofourbudgetordiet），因此可以看出爷爷不是一个吝啬的人，因此选项B符合题意。

第4题:4.细节事实题。题目问的是“从文中我们可以看出作者与他爷爷的关系怎么样？”文章提到作者喜欢跟爷爷待在一起，爷爷会给他买可乐可以看出两人的关系是比较亲密的，因此选项A符合题意。

第5题:5.细节事实题。题目问的是“根据文章可知，下列哪个选项是错误的？”文章倒数第三段提到我以前和父亲一起进过车库，周围的环境比较熟悉（Ihadbeeninsidethegaragebeforewithmyfather,mysurroundingswerefamiliar），由此可知他不是第一次去车库，因此选项B符合题意。

7.单选题

Withapopulationof320,000-justonetenththatoftheBeijingdistrictwhereitkeepsitsembassytoChina-IcelandhasrecentlybecomeanobjectofinordinateinteresttoChinesepolicymakers.Thetwonationssignedafree-tradeagreementonApril15th,China'sfirstwithanyEuropeannation.ButwiththeinherentlytinypotentialofIceland’smarket,andthelackofanyroundaboutlow-tariffaccesstootherEuropeanmarketsthroughthisdeal,tradealonecannotaccountforChina'sinfatuationwithIceland.

ThemorelikelyattractionforChinaisaccesstoimprovingshippingroutesthroughtheArcticasthatregionwarmsduetoclimatecharge.Lastmonth,oneofChina'stopexpertsonpolarpolicypredictedthat,by2020,asmuchas15%ofhiscountry’stradewouldmovethroughtheArctic'sNorthernSeaRoute.Evenifthatestimateisexaggerated,thereisnoreasontodoubtthatcontinuedshrinkingofArcticicecoverwillenhancethearea’simportance.

LikeSouthKoreaandJapan,ChinahopesnextmonthtobeapprovedforpermanentobserverstatusontheArcticCouncil,aneight-memberintergovernmentalbodythatseekstoco-ordinatepolicyforthearea.Butodd-lookingeffortbyaChinesedevelopertobuildan"eco-golfcourse"andluxuryresortona300squarekmtractinIceland’sdesolatenorth-eastcomeralsoarousedsuspicionsaboutChina'sstrategicintentionsintheregion.ThelogicbehindtheproposaltocreateahavenofsolitudeandcleanairforwealthyChinesevisitorsfailedtoconvinceIcelandicofficials,whodidnotagreetowaiverestrictionsagainstforeignownershipofland.

Thenewtradeagreement,signedduringafive-dayvisittoChinabyIceland’sprimeminister,JohannaSigurdardottir,willresultinthewaiverincomingyearsofmosttariffs,inthetwocountries'bilateraltrade,whichlastyearroseto$424m,byIceland’sreckoning.

ButforChina,theabilitytoimportmoreIcelandicfishwithlowertariffdutieswouldseemtopaleincomparisontotheimportanceofenhancingitsinfluenceintheregion.

AccordingtoAnne-MarieBrady,anexpertatNewZealand’sUniversityofCanterbury,currentarrangementsleaveChinashutoutofmultilateraldecision-makingaboutthechangingArcticenvironment.Thedesiretohaveagreatersay,andassertitslegitimateinterestsintheregion,sherecentlywrote,isbehindacuriousnewbitofofficialphraseology.China’sownexpertshavetakentocallingita"nearArcticstate."

1.WhatisthepopulationofBeijingaccordingtothetext?

2.WhyisitimportantforChinatoimproveshippingroutesthroughtheArctic?

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTapermanentobserverstateoftheArcticCouncil?

4.Accordingtothetext,thephrase"nearArcticstate”indicatesthat（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothetext？

问题1选项

A.32,000

B.3,200,000

C.32,000,000

D.Noneoftheabove.

问题2选项

A.BecausetheArcticicecoveriscontinuingshrinking.

B.Becauseasmuchas15%ofthetradesinChinawouldmovethroughtheArctic’sNorthernSeaRouteby2020.

C.BecauseChinesedeveloperstendtobuild"eco-golfcourses'andluxuryresortsinIceland.

D.BecauseIcelandicofficialsdonotagreetowaiverestrictionsagainstforeignownershipofland.

问题3选项

A.Netherlands.

B.SouthKorea.

C.UnitedKingdom.

D.Spain.

问题4选项

A.ChinaisacountrylocatednearArcticstate.

B.ChinaisnowinfatuatedwithIceland.

C.ChinaiswillingtoenhancingitsinfluenceintheArcticregion.

D.Chinaistakingpartinthedecision-makingaboutthechangingArcticenvironment.

问题5选项

A.ChinaprefersimportingmoreIcelandicfishwithlowertariffdutiesratherthanenhancingitsinfluenceintheregion.

B.Icelandisthefirstcountrytosignafree-tradeagreementwithChina.

C.TheArcticCouncilisanintergovernmentalbodywitheightmembersthatseekstoco-ordinatepolicyforthearea.

D.Thenewtradeagreementwillresultinthewaiverincomingyearsoftariffsinthetwocountries’bilateraltrade.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】第1题:1.事实细节题。第一段指出“justonetenththatoftheBeijingdistrictwhereitkeepsitsembassytoChina”，仅相当于其驻华使馆所在地区人口的十分之一，冰岛驻华使馆所在区为北京市朝阳区，可推断驻华使馆所在区常住人口为三百多万，但是文章并未说明所在区占北京总人口的比例，所以无从推断北京市人口数量。因此选D项。

第2题:2.事实细节题。第二段给出了原因“ThemorelikelyattractionforChinaisaccesstoimprovingshippingroutesthroughtheArcticasthatregionwarmsduetoclimatecharge”，而更可能的是，该地区随着气候变化逐渐变暖，中国有机会通过北极地区改善其海上航线。后面还指出“...thereisnoreasontodoubtthatcontinuedshrinkingofArcticicecoverwillenhancethearea'simportance”，不容置疑，北极冰层的持续减少将增强该地区的重要性。由此可知A项“因为北极冰盖正在连续退缩”正确。

第3题:3.判断推理题。由题干关键词permanentobserver定位到第三段“LikeSouthKoreaandJapan,ChinahopesnextmonthtobeapprovedforpermanentobserverstatusontheArcticCouncil”，同韩国、日本一样，中国希望在下月被批准获得北极理事会永久观察员身份。由此可知韩国与中国都不是其成员，故选B项。

第4题:4.判断推理题。对于nearArcticstate的理解可参考最后一段“...currentarrangementsleaveChinashutoutofmultilateraldecision-makingaboutthechangingArcticenvironment.Thedesiretohaveagreatersay,andassertitslegitimateinterestsintheregion,sherecentlywrote,isbehindacuriousnewbitofofficialphraseology”，在当前关于北极环境变化的多边政策决策协商中，中国被拒之门外。但一些新奇的官方措辞暗示中国希望对北极事务掌握更大的话语权，并维护他们在这一地区的正当权益。故选C项“中国希望提高其对北极地区的影响力”。

第5题:5.事实细节题。A:中国更愿意进口更多的冰岛鱼类，降低关税，而不是增强其在该地区的影响力。第五段指出“ButforChina,theabilitytoimportmoreIcelandicfishwithlowertariffdutieswouldseemtopaleincomparisontotheimportanceofenhancingitsinfluenceintheregion”，但是对于中国来说，相较于增强在该地区的影响力，能以更低关税进口冰岛鱼则显得微不足道。因此A项不正确。B:冰岛成为第一个与中国签署该类协定的国家。第一段指出“...China'sfirstwithanyEuropeannation”，冰岛成为第一个与中国签署该类协定的欧洲国家。因此B项不符合原文所述。C：北极理事会是一个拥有八名成员，旨在协调区域政策的政府间机构。最后一段指出“...currentarrangements...multilateraldecision-makingaboutthechangingArcticenvironment”，当前关于北极环境变化的多边政策决策协商……，由此可知北极理事会的宗旨是保护北极地区的环境，促进地区在经济、社会和福利方面的持续发展，因此C项不正确。D：新贸易协定将免除两国双边贸易大部分关税。第四段指出“Thenewtradeagreement...willresultinthewaiverincomingyearsofmosttariffs,inthetwocountries'bilateraltrade”，这份贸易协定，将免除两国双边贸易大部分关税。因此D项正确。

8.单选题

Theresearchshowedthatthefrequencyofamother’sabsencereflecteda（）deficiencyofthechild'slevelinmathandreading.

问题1选项

A.corresponding

B.relating

C.correlating

D.responding

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项corresponding“相当的；一致的；对应的；通信的”；B选项relating是relate的现在分词形式，表示“涉及，关联”；C选项correlating是correlate的现在分词；D选项responding“响应的”。本句说明母亲的缺席频率与孩子数学和阅读方面缺陷的对应性，因此A选项符合句意。句意：研究表明，母亲缺席的频率反映了孩子在数学和阅读方面相应的缺陷。

9.单选题

Somecityplannersbelievethateachcityis（）:inotherwords,becauseofculturaldifferences,onecitycan'tsimplycopyothers.

问题1选项

A.separated

B.cutoff

C.unique

D.integrated

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。separated“分开的”；cutoff“切断，中断”；unique“独特的，独一无二的”；integrated“综合的，完整的”。根据冒号后面的内容：由于文化差异，一个城市不能简单地复制其他城市。由此可知，一些城市规划者认为每个城市都是独一无二的。所以选项C正确。

10.单选题

Severalloudspeakersare（）fromtheceilingandwecanhearthespeakerveryclearly.

问题1选项

A.connected

B.sustained

C.associated

D.suspended

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项connect“有联系的”。B选项sustain“持续的”。C选项associate“联合的”。D选项suspend“悬浮的，暂停”。句意：天花板上有几个扩音器，我们可以很清楚地听到说话者的声音。扩音器是悬挂在天花板上的，因此D选项符合题意。

11.单选题

Thepatient'sprogresswasveryencouragingashecould（）getoutofbedwithouthelp.

问题1选项

A.nearly

B.hardly

C.merely

D.barely

【答案】A

【解析】考查副词词义辨析。A选项nearly表示“差不多，几乎”，B选项hardly表示“几乎不，简直不，刚刚”，C选项merely表示“仅仅，只不过，只是”，D选项barely表示“仅仅，勉强，几乎不，贫乏的”。根据句意“这位病人的进步让人兴奋”可知，病人可以不需要别人帮忙就能下床走路，空缺处单词应表示肯定。因此，只有A选项最符合原文语境，故本题正确答案为A选项。

12.单选题

Youarethe（）personIwanttosee.Whydidyoucometoseeme?

问题1选项

A.very

B.fine

C.last

D.suitable

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项very“恰好的；十足的；唯独的；真正的”；B选项fine“好的；健康的；晴朗的”；C选项last“最后的；最终的；最不可能的”；D选项suitable“适当的；相配的”。句意：你就是我……要见的人。你为什么来看我？由后面的问句可看出说话者并不想见此人，四个选项中只有last表示“最不……的”之意，因此C选项正确。

13.单选题

Herfamilytakes（）overherwork.

问题1选项

A.percentage

B.priority

C.perspect

D.preparation

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项percentage“百分比；百分率”；B选项priority“优先；优先权”；C选项perspect“专辑名称”；D选项preparation“预备；准备。句意：对她来说，家庭比工作重要。因此B项符合句意，takepriorityoversth.优先考虑，优先于某事。

14.单选题

Clothesplayacriticalpartintheconclusi