高中英语选择性必修一 Unit 2 Look into the Future单元综合练(解析版)

选择性必修一Unit2LookintotheFuture单元综合练总分：120分时间：100分钟单元拾零（每小题1分，共10分）1．Sheswitched(转换)ontheTVsetassoonasshearrivedhome.2．Hecommandedthatthestudentsshouldnotleavetheclassroombeforehereturned.3．Marklongedtoescapefromthesameoldfamiliarroutine.4．Theyconstantlycommunicatewithpeopleontheearth.5．Atthementionofhisname，heinstantlystoodup.6．Hewasremarking(评论)onthesubjectwhenIcamein.7．Itiswidelyacknowledged(承认)thatthehoteloffersahighstandardofcomfortandservice.8．Thegovernmenthasaninterestinimportingscientific(科学上的)equipment.9．Havingcollectedandevaluated(评估)theinformation,scientistsmakepredictions.10．Manypeopleobjecttodoingsuchanexperimentonanimals.第二部分单元提升：阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分)第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C、D中选出最佳选项。AWithexamsjustaroundthecorner,nowisagoodtimetoexploresomeofUCL’slesser-knownstudyspacesandgetdowntosomerevision.Herearesomegoodchoicesforyou.UCLSenateHouseHubUCLSenateHouseHubopenedin2015andprovides144studyspaces.What’smore,youcancheckhowmanyspacesareavailableonlinebeforeyouheadtotheplace.Locatedonthe3rdflooroftheSouthBlockofSenateHouse,thecenterhasroomforindividualandgroupstudyintraditionallibraryspaces,aswellasarmchairsandwi-ficoverage.UCLEastmanDentalLibraryThenewlyredecoratedUCLEastmanDentalLibraryislocatedhalfwayalongGray'sInnRoadandisopenfromMondaytoFriday,9:00am800pm.Thelibraryhas72studyspaces,andmanyITfacilities（equipmentwithaccesstotheInternet）.Thelibraryalsohasastudyroomformeetingsandacomputerclusterroomwithawhiteboard.UCLLanguage&SpeechScienceLibraryUCLLanguage&SpeechScienceLibrary（LASS）hasdisabledaccessandhasrecentlybeendecoratedtoaddextrastudyspaces.Withonly49spaces,LASSissmallerthanmostotherUCLlibrariesandtendstofillupquickly,sogetthereearlytoavoiddisappointment.SenateHouseLibraryThisonemaybecheatingastheSenateHouseLibraryisnottechnicallyaUCLlibrary.However,allUCLstudentsandstaffcanregisterforfreemembershiponline.Withmillionsofbooksandjournals,SenateHouseLibraryofferssomeplacesalittlelessusedbyUCLstudentsbutperfectforstudentswhowanttofocusonsomehardwork.1.Thefourplacesaremainlyintroducedtosomeonewho________.A.likeslearningonline B.preferstostudyinwidely-knownlibrariesC.lovesreading D.ispreparingforexams2.WhatshouldstudentsdoonlinebeforetheygotoUCLSenateHouseHub?A.Checkwhetherthereareavailableseats.B.TaketheMembershipCard.C.Makeanappointmentinadvance.D.Checkthelibrary’sopeninghours.3.HowmanylibrariescanofferInternetservices?A.Four. B.One. C.Two. D.Three.【答案】1.D2.A3.B【解析】这是一篇应用文，介绍了伦敦大学学院几个供学生复习备考的地方。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Withexamsjustaroundthecorner,nowisagoodtimetoexploresomeofUCL'slesser-knownstudyspacesandgetdowntosomerevision.Herearesomegoodchoicesforyou.”（随着考试的临近，现在是一个很好的时间去探索一些UCL鲜为人知的学习空间，并着手进行一些复习。这里有一些不错的选择。）可知，这四个地方主要介绍给正在准备考试的人。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据UCLSenateHouseHub部分中的第二句“What'smore,youcancheckhowmanyspacesareavailableonlinebeforeyouheadtotheplace”（更重要的是，你可以在去那里之前上网查看有多少空位）可知，在前往伦敦大学学院参议院中心之前，学生应该在网上查看是否有空位。故选A。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据UCLEastmanDentalLibrary部分中的“Thelibraryalsohasastudyroomformeetingsandacomputerclusterroomwithawhiteboard”（图书馆还有一间会议室和一间带白板的电脑室）可知，只有这一家图书馆有电脑和网络资源可使用。故选B。BWorkisapartofliving—mygrandparentsunderstoodthat.TheylivedandworkedonacentralPennsylvaniafarmthathasbeeninmyfamilyfor150years.HessFarm,atthattime,wasself-sufficient.Theyraisedbeefcattleformeat,chickensforeggsandhogsforporkandlard.DairycowswerekeptformilkandthecreamfromwhichGrandmamadebutterandcheese.Thatlittleyardtheyhadbecameagarden.TheDepression,therefore,didn’tmakeadramaticchangeintheirlives.Butitdidbringanunendingflowofmenoutofwork,driftingfromjobtojob,tothefarm.Thefirstmantoshowuponthekitchenporchwasragged-looking,butpolite.Hetookoffhishatandquietlyexplainedthathehadn’teatenforawhile.Grandpastoodwatchinghimabit,thensaid,“There’sapileoffirewoodstackedagainstthefencebehindthebarn(畜棚).I’vebeenneedingtogetitmovedtotheothersideofthefence.Youhavejustaboutenoughtimetofinishthejobbeforelunch.”Withthat,hestuckouthisroughhandtothestranger.Grandmasaidasurprisingthinghappened.Thedriftergotashineinhiseyesand,behindhisbeard,hesmiled.Hehurriedtothebarninaneartrot(小跑).Shesetanotherplaceatthetableandbakedanapplepie.Duringlunch,thestrangerdidn’tsaymuch,buthisshouldersstraightenedwhenheleft.“Nothingruinsamanlikelosinghisself-respect”,Grandpalatertoldme.Soonafter,anothermanshowedupaskingforameal.Thisonewasdressedinasuitandcarriedasmall,wornsuitcase.Grandpacameoutandthenofferedahandshake.“There’sastackoffirewoodalongthefencedownbehindthebarnI’vebeenmeaningtogetmoved.It’dsurebeahelptome.Andwe’dbepleasedtohaveyoustayforlunch.”Thefellowsethissuitcaseandneatlylaidhiscoatandvestontop.Thenhesetofftowork.Grandmasaysshedoesn’trememberhowmanystrangerstheysharedamealwithduringthoseDepressiondays—orhowmanytimesthatpileofwoodgotmoved.4.WhatistheresultoftheDepression?A.Somepeopleearnedalotofmoney.B.Alargenumberofpeoplewentabroad.C.Manypeoplewerelaidoff.DQuiteafewpeoplediedofastrangedisease.5.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthegrandpa?A.Hepretendedtobegenerous.B.Hepretendedtobemean.C.Hesharedmealwitheveryonewhocametohisdoor.D.Hegavemealtothepoorwithoutlosingtheirself-respect.6.HowmanystrangersdidGrandpaandGrandmashareamealwithduringthosedays?A.Theysharedamealwithonlytwopeople.B.Theysharedamealwithtwentypeople.C.Thepassagedoesn’tmentionthenumber.D.Theydidn’tshareamealwithanyone.7.Whatcanweknowaboutthestrangerfromtheunderlinedsentence?A.Thestrangerwasfullafterlunch.B.Thestrangerearnedhisbreadthroughhisownwork.C.Thestrangerwantedtoshowhisgratitude.D.Thestrangerwantedtostretchhisbody.【答案】4.C5.D6.C7.B【解析】【分析】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了爷爷和奶奶为了不让流浪汉失去尊严，让他们为自己在农场上干活换取一顿饭的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段关键句“Butitdidbringanunendingflowofmenoutofwork,driftingfromjobtojob,tothefarm.”（但它确实带来了源源不断的失业人口，从一个工作漂泊到另一个工作，来到农场。）可知，经济大萧条导致了很多人失业。故选C项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段关键句“There’sapileoffirewoodstackedagainstthefencebehindthebarn.I’vebeenneedingtogetitmovedtotheothersideofthefence.Youhavejustaboutenoughtimetofinishthejobbeforelunch.”（谷仓后面的篱笆旁堆着一堆柴火。我一直想把它移到栅栏的另一边。午饭前你有足够的时间完成这项工作。）并结合文章第三段关键句“Thedriftergotashineinhiseyesand,behindhisbeard,hesmiled.”（流浪汉的眼睛闪闪发亮，胡子后面露出了微笑。）及“Nothingruinsamanlikelosinghisself-respect（没有什么比失去自尊更能毁掉一个人的了）”可以推测，爷爷让流浪汉干活换取一顿饭，他在不损害穷人自尊的情况下把饭分给他们。故选D项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段关键句“Grandmasaysshedoesn’trememberhowmanystrangerstheysharedamealwithduringthoseDepressiondays—orhowmanytimesthatpileofwoodgotmoved.”（奶奶说，她不记得在大萧条时期有多少陌生人和他们一起吃过饭，也不记得那堆木头被搬过多少次。）可知，通过奶奶说的话可以判断，在经济大萧条的日子里，爷爷和奶奶和很多陌生人吃过饭，但是文章没有给出具体的数字。故选C项。【7题详解】句意猜测题。根据文章第三段划线句“Duringlunch,thestrangerdidn’tsaymuch,buthisshouldersstraightenedwhenheleft.”（吃午饭时，这个陌生人没说什么，但他走的时候挺直了肩膀。）并结合上一段内容“There’sapileoffirewoodstackedagainstthefencebehindthebarn(畜棚).I’vebeenneedingtogetitmovedtotheothersideofthefence.Youhavejustaboutenoughtimetofinishthejobbeforelunch.”Withthat,hestuckouthisroughhandtothestranger.”可知，爷爷通过让流浪汉干活，提供给他一顿饭，因此，这个流浪汉通过自己的努力工作换得了面包。故选B项。CEducationalprogramsoftenusefear-basedmessagingandfilmsofcrashscenestoreduceriskydrivingbehavioramongyoungpeople.Butdoesthis“scary”approachwork?Anewstudysuggeststhatfear-basedmessagingfailstoreduceriskydrivingbehavior,whilefear-basedVirtualReality(VR)filmsshowingaviolentcollisionmayactuallyleadyoungdriverstotakemorechancesbehindthewheel.AteamofpsychologistsinBelgiumconductedastudyof146studentswhohadbeenlegallydrivingforlessthanfiveyears.Theresearchersexaminedtheimpactofbothcontent(fearvs.positive)anddeliverymode(2Dvs.VR)ofdriversafetyinterventionprograms.Byshowingaseriousconsequencesuchasdeath,fear-baseddrivereducationfilmsattempttoarouseasenseoffearandpersuadeyoungpeopletodrivemorecarefully.Positivelyframedfilmstaketheoppositeapproach,usinghumorandmodelingsafedrivingbehaviorsthatresultinpositiveconsequences.Threetestswereusedtoanalyzetherisk-takingbehavioroftheyoungdriversbeforeandafterparticipatingintheinterventionprogram.Onewasaquestionnaire.Anotherwasatestontraffic,whichasksparticipantstowatchvideoclipsofdrivingsituationsandchoosewhethertheyviewasituationastoorisky,forexample,choosingwhethertopassanothercarinicyconditions.Athirdtestwasusedtomeasurethelevelofemotionalarousal(suchasfeelingafraid)afterwatchingafilm.Theresultsshowedthatparticipantswhoviewedthefear-basedVRfilmreportedriskierdrivingbehaviorsafterward,whilethosewhoviewedapositivelyframedVRfilmexhibitedthegreatestreductioninriskydrivingbehavior.Thisfindingsupportsotherresearchthathasshownthatexposingparticipantstoanextremecollisiontendstoactivatedefensivemechanisms,suchaspayingattentionforashortertime,disengaging,rejectingamessage,andanincreaseinriskybehaviors.“Fearappealshavebeenusedinmanyhealthandenvironmentalcampaigns,suchassmokingandanti-drug,”saysDr.Cutellooftheresearchteam.“Furtherexperimentalresearchisneededtodeterminewhethertheuseoffeariseffective.”8Whatisthenewstudyabout?A.VR’sapplicationondrivingeducation. B.Youngdrivers’riskydrivingbehaviors.C.Thedeadlyconsequenceofviolentcrashes. D.Theeffectofdrivers’educationalprograms.9.Whywereparticipantsaskedtowatchvideoclipsinthesecondtest?A.Toassessdrivingemotions. B.Tojudgedrivingbehaviors.C.Togaindrivingcompetence. D.Tokeepsafedrivinginmind.10.Whichwastheresultofthefear-basedVRfilminthestudy?A.Driversshowfewerriskybehaviors. B.Driverswerelessabletofocuslong.C.Driverswereunwillingtocooperate. D.Driversbecamemoreopentoadvice.11.WhatdoesDr.Cutello’swordssuggest?AMoreresearchshouldbeconducted. B.Fear-basededucationshouldn’tbeused.Theresultofhisresearchisunconvincing. D.Theuseoffeareducationhasbeencutdown.【答案】8.D9.B10.B11.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。一项新研究表明，基于恐惧的信息和撞车场景的司机教育项目并不能减少危险的驾驶行为，实际上可能会导致年轻司机在驾驶时更冒险。文章主要介绍了这项研究开展的过程以及发现。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Educationalprogramsoftenusefear-basedmessagingandfilmsofcrashscenestoreduceriskydrivingbehavioramongyoungpeople.Butdoesthis“scary”approachwork?Anewstudysuggeststhatfear-basedmessagingfailstoreduceriskydrivingbehavior,whilefear-basedVirtualReality(VR)filmsshowingaviolentcollisionmayactuallyleadyoungdriverstotakemorechancesbehindthewheel.(教育项目经常使用基于恐惧的信息和撞车场景的电影来减少年轻人的危险驾驶行为。但是这种“可怕”的方法有效吗？一项新的研究表明，基于恐惧的信息传递并不能减少危险的驾驶行为，而基于恐惧的虚拟现实电影显示的暴力碰撞实际上可能会导致年轻司机在驾驶时更冒险)”可知，这项新研究是关于司机教育计划的效果。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Anotherwasatestontraffic,whichasksparticipantstowatchvideoclipsofdrivingsituationsandchoosewhethertheyviewasituationastoorisky,forexample,choosingwhethertopassanothercarinicyconditions.(另一项是交通测试，要求参与者观看驾驶情况的视频剪辑，并选择他们是否认为某一情况太危险，例如，选择是否在结冰的情况下超过另一辆车)”可知，参与者在第二次测试中被要求观看视频剪辑是为了判断驾驶行为。故选B。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Thisfindingsupportsotherresearchthathasshownthatexposingparticipantstoanextremecollisiontendstoactivatedefensivemechanisms,suchaspayingattentionforashortertime,disengaging,rejectingamessage,andanincreaseinriskybehaviors.(这一发现支持了其他研究，该研究表明，将参与者暴露在极端的冲突中，往往会激活防御机制，如更短的时间集中注意力，分心，拒绝信息，以及增加风险行为)”可知，研究中基于恐惧的虚拟现实电影的结果是司机不能较长时间集中注意力。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Furtherexperimentalresearchisneededtodeterminewhethertheuseoffeariseffective.(需要进一步的实验研究来确定恐惧的使用是否有效)”可推知，Cutello博士的话暗示了应该进行更多的研究。故选A。DThe90-minutelonggameinvolvestwogoals,blackandwhitecheckered(格子)balls,goalkeeper,andnohanduse.Thissport,ofcourse,issoccerorfootball,asthemajorityoftherestoftheworldsays.It’sconfusingthatsomecountriescallthissport“football”whileAmericansandCanadianssay“soccer”,butapparentlytheBritisharemostlytoblame.ThenameconfusionisactuallythankstoBritishuniversitiesintheearly1800swhotriedstandardizingvarioussportsgamesthathaddifferentrulesandregulationstodifferentiatebetweenthem.Rugby,formerlyknownas“rugbyfootball”or“rugger”,isatranslationof“football”whereyoucanuseyourhands.Soccer,originally“associationfootball”or“asoccer”,isthetraditionaltranslationof“football”wherepeopledon’tusetheirhands.PeopleinEnglandstartedshorteningthenamesbydroppingthe“association”partofthephraseaswellasthe“a”in“asoccer”.Ifyourheadhurtsfromthinkingaboutthis,preparetohaveyourmindblownbythesethingsyouprobablyneverthoughtabout—untiljustnow.Nowcomesthecomplexity:in1869,RutgersandPrincetoncollegesheldthefirsttraditional,recorded,footballgameusingauniquecombinationofrulesfrombothrugbyandsoccer,creatingwhatweknowas“Americanfootball”andwhatothercountriesrefertoas“gridiron”.ThankstothepopularityofAmericanfootball,soccerplayersinAmericakeepto“soccer”tohelpdifferentiatethemselves,accordingtotheEncyclopediaBritannica.Ifthename“soccer”stuckinBritain,andifAmericanscameupwithabetteroneforAmericanfootball,therewouldbemuchlessconfusion.Sowhydidthe“football”shortkindof“associationfootball”becomemorepopularthan“soccer”inEnglandanyway?Originally,AmericaninfluenceonBritainduringWorldWarIImade“soccer”thepopularterminEnglandbeforethe1980s,TheAtlanticreports.OncethesportbecamemorepopularintheUnitedStatesaroundthattime,theBritishstoppedusing“soccer”.12.Whatcausedthenameconfusionintheearly1800s?A.Sportsrules. B.Gametime.C.Ballpopularity. D.Newsorganizations.13.Inwhichofthefollowingdothetwobelongtothesameone?A.“Rugby”and“Soccer”. B.“Rugger”and“Americanfootball”.C.“Americanfootball”and“Gridiron”. D.“Gridiron”and“Association

football”.14.WhatdoestheunderlinedsentencemeaninParagraph3?A.Thenamesmakeitmoredifficultforpeopletounderstand.B.Youcannotuseyourhandswhileplayinggames.C.Thenameconfusionisbecomingstronger.D.Makingthebestoftheheadinthesportsisextremelyvital.15.What

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football.【答案】12.A13.C14.C15.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了关于英式的“soccer”和美式的“football”的文化渊源。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“ThenameconfusionisactuallythankstoBritishuniversitiesintheearly1800swhotriedstandardizingvarioussportsgamesthathaddifferentrulesandregulationstodifferentiatebetweenthem.（实际上，造成这种名称混淆的原因是19世纪早期英国大学试图将各种体育比赛标准化，并采用不同的习惯和规则来区分它们。）”可知，在19世纪早期，是体育规则导致了名字的混淆。故选A。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Nowcomesthecomplexity:in1869,RutgersandPrincetoncollegesheldthefirsttraditional,recorded,footballgameusingauniquecombinationofrulesfrombothrugbyandsoccer,creatingwhatweknowas“Americanfootball”andwhatothercountriesrefertoas“gridiron”.（事情就复杂了：1869年，罗格斯大学和普林斯顿大学结合英式橄榄球和英式足球的规则，举办了第一场有记载的传统足球比赛，这就是我们现在所说的“美式足球”，其他国家称之为“格里迪伦足球”。）”可知，“Americanfootball”和“gridiron”都是指美式足球。故选C。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“Rugby,formerlyknownas“rugbyfootball”or“rugger”,isatranslationof“football”whereyoucanuseyourhands.Soccer,originally“associationfootball”or“asoccer”,isthetraditionaltranslationof“football”wherepeopledon’tusetheirhands.PeopleinEnglandstartedshorteningthenamesbydroppingthe“association”partofthephraseaswellasthe“a”in“asoccer”.（橄榄球，以前被称为“Rugbyfootball”或“rugger”，是“football”一词的翻译，在橄榄球比赛中你可以用手击球。Soccer最初是“associationfootball”或“assoccer”，是“football”的传统翻译，人们不用手。英格兰人开始缩短名字，去掉词组中的“association”和“asocker”中的“a”。）”可知，本段主要描述了是否使用手来命名的复杂过程。划线部分意思是“命名过程愈加混乱了”。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Originally,AmericaninfluenceonBritainduringWorldWarIImade“soccer”thepopularterminEnglandbeforethe1980s,TheAtlanticreports.OncethesportbecamemorepopularintheUnitedStatesaroundthattime,theBritishstoppedusing“soccer”.（据《大西洋月刊》报道，第二次世界大战期间，美国人对英国的影响使得soccer这个词在20世纪80年代之前在英国流行起来。大约在那个时候，这项运动在美国变得更加流行，英国人就不再使用“soccer”这个词了。）”可知，二战期间美国对英国影响较大，soccer被英国人普遍使用，但二战之后美国影响力减弱，于是英国人回到原来的用词football。由此可推断，历史和文化对名字有很大的影响。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Despitethemanywaystocommunicate,goodcommunicatorsshareincommonimportantprinciplesandtechniquesthatenablethemtocommunicateeffectively.Thecharacteristicsofgoodcommunicatorscutacrossalllanguagesandcultures.Becomingagoodcommunicatorhasmanybenefitsandadvantages.____1____Goodcommunicatorslisten.Listeningisanimportantcomponentofcommunicatingeffectively.Itshowsotherpeoplethatyouaresincereandinterestedinwhattheyaresaying.____2____Listeningenablesyoutoweighandevaluatevariousissuesbeforeyouproducearesponse.Goodcommunicatorscommunicateclearlywhetherinwriting,speakingorgesturing.Intermsofspeaking,goodcommunicatorsprojecttheirvoiceswithafirmtonetoensurethatpeoplecanliterallyunderstandthem.Intermsofwriting,goodcommunicatorsusetheappropriatewordstoconveydifferentsensesofmeaning.____3___Goodcommunicatorsorganizetheirthoughtstoensurethatwhattheycommunicatecomesoutinanorganizedfashion.____4____Goodcommunicatorsalsoorganizewhattheysayintoconcisestatementsthatareeasytounderstandbythelisteners.Thiswayitisnottoodifficultforlistenerstofollowwhattheysay.____5____Whenaspeakershowsthatsheisgenuineaboutwhatshesays,listenersarelikelytobelievethespeakerbecauseofthesinceritywithwhichshespeaks.Sincerecommunicatorsusuallycommunicateconvincinglybecausetheyarewillingtoputtheirbeliefsonthelineforthesakeofcommunicatingthetruth.A.Goodcommunicatorsaresincere.B.Also,itallowsyoutocorrectlyrespondtopeople.C.Goodcommunicatorsmusthaveastrongvocabulary.D.Goodcommunicatorshavesympathyforothers'suffering.E.Butwhatkindofqualitiesdoesagoodcommunicatorhave?F.Themeaningofcommunicationistohelppeopleunderstandeachother.G.Thisallowsthemtheabilitytomakeaclearexplanationwithexamplesandillustrations.【答案】1.E2.B3.C4.G5.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了有效的沟通者应该具备的四种素养。【1题详解】根据前句“Becomingagoodcommunicatorhasmanybenefitsandadvantages.(成为一个好的沟通者有很多好处和优势。)”及后四段详细介绍了具体的四种素养，可知，此处为承上启下。即好的沟通者应该具备什么样的品质。所以选择项E“Butwhatkindofqualitiesdoesagoodcommunicatorhave?(但是一个好的沟通者应该具备什么样的品质呢?)”符合上下文语境。故选E项。【2题详解】根据前句“Listeningisanimportantcomponentofcommunicatingeffectively.Itshowsotherpeoplethatyouaresincereandinterestedinwhattheyaresaying.(倾听是有效沟通的重要组成部分。这向别人表明你是真诚的，对他们说的话感兴趣。)”可知，倾听表明说话人关注着对方，因此可以推断出，倾听给对方恰当的反应，并与空后的倾听的作用形成有效的意思层进。所以选择项B“Also,itallowsyoutocorrectlyrespondtopeople.(此外，它允许你正确地回应人们。)”符合上下文语境。故选B项【3题详解】根据前句“Intermsofwriting,goodcommunicatorsusetheappropriatewordstoconveydifferentsensesofmeaning.(在写作方面，好沟通者会使用适当的词语来表达不同的意思。)”可知，有效的沟通者会字斟句酌，用恰当的字眼表达不同层面的意思，说明沟通者要有丰富的词汇量。所以选择项C“Goodcommunicatorsmusthaveastrongvocabulary.(优秀的沟通者必须拥有强大的词汇量。)”符合上下文语境。故选C项。【4题详解】根据前句“Goodcommunicatorsorganizetheirthoughtstoensurethatwhattheycommunicatecomesoutinanorganizedfashion.(优秀的沟通者组织他们的想法，以确保他们以一种有组织的方式表达出来。)”可知，有效的沟通者能够很有条理的组织并表达出自己的意思，这就意味着他们具备用各种事例、插图等清楚地解释他们的思想的能力。所以选择项G“Thisallowsthemtheabilitytomakeaclearexplanationwithexamplesandillustrations.(这使他们能够用例子和插图来清楚地解释。)”符合上下文语境。故选G项。【5题详解】根据后文“Whenaspeakershowsthatsheisgenuineaboutwhatshesays,listenersarelikelytobelievethespeakerbecauseofthesinceritywithwhichshespeaks.Sincerecommunicatorsusuallycommunicateconvincinglybecausetheyarewillingtoputtheirbeliefsonthelineforthesakeofcommunicatingthetruth.(当一位演讲者表现出她对她所说的是真诚的，听众很可能会相信这位演讲者，因为她说的是真诚的。真诚的沟通者通常能令人信服地沟通，因为他们愿意为了沟通真相而牺牲自己的信仰。)”可知，本段介绍了的有效的沟通者在与人沟通时始终报以真诚的情感。所以选择项A“Goodcommunicatorsaresincere.(好的沟通者是真诚的。)”符合上下文语境。故选A项。第三部分语法知识综合运用第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Ioweayoungladyaletter.ShewrotetomelastweekaskinghowIwas,sayingshewasfineandthatshewas____1____thedresswesentforherbirthday.Thenshewrote,“Please____2____.”Ifmymemory____3____meright,itisadecadesincesomeoneaskedmetowriteback.Wedon’twritelettersanymore.The____4____isgone;there’snothinggoodinthe____5____butadvertisementsandcirculars.WhenIwasyoungmyfathertookanewjob.Weonlymoved200miles,butitfeltlikewehadbeen____6____fromfriends,extendedfamilyandallthings____7____bytwocontinentsandanocean.Longdistancephonecallswere____8____andexpensivethen,mostoften____9____foremergenciesorbadnews.Butpeoplewrote.Bothmygrandmothersandtwoofmygreat-auntswrotetome.Itwas_____10_____thatsomeonetookaninterestina_____11_____kid.Thatsomeonewouldtakethetimetoputpento_____12_____andsharetheirlivesand_____13_____minemeantalot,really.IspentmanyaSundayeveningstrainingtocompose(用心写)____14_____andwell-writtenletters.Mymotherwasagreatletterwriter.IlookedforwardtoherletterswhenIwenttocollegeandthenworkingattheotherendofthe_____15_____.WhenImarried,hadchildrenandmovedagain,stillfarfromhome,shewrote_____16_____.Letterswereawayofclosingthe_____17_____.Asphonecallsbecame_____18_____,thencheap,theflowoflettersbecame_____19_____andeventuallystopped.Butthatwasnotthecasetoday.Todaytherewassomethingtrulyspecial,whichtakesmetomymost_____20_____taskathand,“DearAudrey…”1.A.designing B.enjoying C.selecting D.understanding2.A.accept B.understand C.respond D.decide3.A.fails B.serves C.fits D.confirms4.A.thrill B.purpose C.dilemma D.courage5.A.mail B.practice C.spot D.home6.A.transported B.prevented C.blocked D.separated7.A.impressive B.considerate C.familiar D.positive8.A.valuable B.secret C.rare D.brief9.A.respected B.reserved C.handled D.considered10.A.difficult B.polite C.impossible D.special11.A.hopeless B.homesick C.fragile D.poor12.A.use B.process C.paper D.affection13.A.putforward B.inquireabout C.reactto D.lookinto14.A.active B.precious C.admirable D.thoughtful15.A.company B.garden C.country D.newspaper16.A.happily B.finally C.especially D.faithfully17.A.distance B.distinction C.interval D.gap18.A.affordable B.reasonable C.adequate D.direct19.A.complex B.unmistakable C.slow D.indefinite20.A.skillful B.delightful C.natural D.typical【答案】1.B2.C3.B4.A5.A6.D7.C8.C9.B10.D11.B12.C13.B14.D15.C16.D17.A18.A19.C20.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述的是一位女士要求作者给她回信，作者却没有了写信的激情引出话题，作者回忆自己以前离家出走时总收到祖母和母亲的信，那种感觉很特别，后来随着电话和网络的普及，人们很少写信了，现在一封信是多么的难得，想到这，作者又提笔给这位女士回信了。【1题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她上周给我写信问我怎么样，说她很好，还说她很喜欢我们送给她的生日礼服。A.designing设计；B.enjoying喜欢，享受；C.selecting挑选；D.understanding理解。根据“生日礼物”可知，这位女士在信中应表达很“喜欢”这条裙子。故选B项。【2题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后她写道：“请回复。”A.accept接受；B.understand理解；C.respond回复，回应；D.decide决定。根据文章标题“Ioweayoungladyaletter.”以及最后一段“Todaytherewassomethingtrulyspecial,whichtakesmetomymost____20____taskathand,“DearAudrey…””可知，作者回复了这封信，此处表达这位女士写到，希望作者“回复”。故选C项。【3题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我没记错的话，十年前就有人让我回信了。A.fails失败；B.serves服务，作用；C.fits适合；D.confirms确认。根据主句句意可知，此处表示作者记得上次有人叫他回复是十年前了，英语意译表达“Ifmymemoryservesmeright”意为“如果我没记错的话”符合语境，故选B项。【4题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：激动已逝；除了广告和传单外，邮件里没有什么好东西。A.thrill激动，紧张；B.purpose目的；C.dilemma进退两难；D.courage勇气。根据前一句“Wedon’twritelettersanymore.”可知，这种“激动”已经没有了。故选A项。【5题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：激动已逝；除了广告和传单外，邮件里没有什么好东西。A.mail邮件；B.practice练习；C.spot点，地方；D.home家。根据上文内容提及我们不再写信以及“广告和传单”可知，此处是指“邮件里”没有什么好东西了。故选A项。【6题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们只搬了200英里，但感觉就像我们与朋友、大家庭和所有熟悉的东西隔着两个大陆和一个海洋。A.transported运输；B.prevented预防，防止；C.blocked阻塞，限制；D.separated分离。根据“搬了200公里”以及“我们像两个大陆和一个海洋”可知，此处指“被分离了”。故选D项。【7题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们只搬了200英里，但感觉就像我们与朋友、大家庭和所有熟悉的东西隔着两个大陆和一个海洋。A.impressive印象深刻的，感人的；B.considerate考虑周到的；C.familiar熟悉的；D.positive积极的。根据“friends,extendedfamily”可知，此处指“熟悉的”所有东西。故选C项。【8题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那时，长途电话很少见，而且价格昂贵，通常只有在遇到紧急情况或收到坏消息时才使用。A.valuable有价值的；B.secret秘密的；C.rare少见的，极少的；D.brief简短的。根据句意中的“价格昂贵”和“通常只有在遇到紧急情况或收到坏消息时才使用”可知，电话很“少见”。故选C项。【9题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那时，长途电话很少见，而且价格昂贵，通常只有在遇到紧急情况或收到坏消息时才使用。A.respected尊重；B.reserved储备，保留；C.handled掌控；D.considered考虑。根据“foremergenciesorbadnews”可知，昂贵少见的电话是为这类事情而储备的。故选B项。【10题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个想家的孩子有人关心，这很特别。A.difficult困难的；B.polite有礼貌的；C.impossible不可能的；D.special特别的。根据下文“Thatsomeonewouldtakethetimetoputpento____12____andsharetheirlivesand____13____minemeantalot,really.”可知，作者觉得有人关心的感觉很“特别”。故选D项。【11题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个想家的孩子有人关心，这很特别。A.hopeless绝望的；B.homesick想家的；C.fragile易碎的；D.poor贫穷的，弱的。根据上一句“Bothmygrandmothersandtwoofmygreat-auntswrotetome.”可知，给作者写信的都是亲人，且作者觉得有人写信与他分享生活也想了解他的生活对他来说意义重大。由此推知，作者此处表达的是是一个“想家的”孩子有人关心的感觉很特别。故选B项。【12题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有人愿意花时间动笔写信给我分享他们的生活，询问我的生活，真的很有意义。A.use使用；B.process过程；C.paper纸张，文章；D.affection影响，感情。根据“写信”可知，此处指“putpentopaper”。故选C项。【13题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：有人愿意花时间动笔写信给我分享他们的生活，询问我的生活，真的很有意义。A.putforward提出；B.inquireabout询问，查询；C.reactto作出反应；D.lookinto观察，浏览。根据“sharetheirlives”可知，他们也会“询问打听”作者的生活。故选B项。【14题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：许多个星期天晚上，我都用心写写几封体贴入微，文笔优美的信。A.active活跃的；B.precious宝贵的；C.admirable令人钦佩；D.thoughtful体贴的。根据“compose”和“well-written”可知，此处应是“体贴的”信件。故选D项。【15题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我上了大学，然后在这个国家的另一端工作时，我期待着她的来信。A.company公司；B.garden花园；C.country国家；D.newspaper报纸。根据句意“作者期待母亲的来信”可知