2022年考研考博-考博英语-西北大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）试卷号25

住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-西北大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）（图片可根据实际调整大小）题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.单选题

Electricalenergymaybeseparatedintotwo（

）componentsaspositiveandnegative.

问题1选项

A.specialized

B.told

C.specified

D.said

【答案】C

【解析】specialize使专门化；使适应特殊情况；specify指定，详细说明，列举。句意：电能可分为正负两种指定的部分。选项C符合句意。

2.翻译题

疲劳是人们向医生、朋友和亲人最常抱怨的问题之一。或许你认为在这个拥有各种节省体力的装置和方便的交通设施的时代。很少有人会有理由感到如此疲劳。然而，今天与用手捆干草，用搓衣板洗衣服的昔日相比，抱怨疲劳的人也许更多了。据医生们说，疲倦更可能是由于过少的活动所致，而不是过多的活动所引起的。情绪问题和烦恼，特别是忧郁和焦虑，显然是长期疲劳最常见的原因。

【答案】Fatigueisoneofthemostcommonproblemscomplainedbypeopletodoctors,friendsandfolks.Perhapsyouthinkthatfewwouldhavereasonstofeeltiredintheeraoffullofallkindsofstrength-savingdeviceandconvenienttransportfacilities.However,maybemorepeoplecomplainaboutthefatiguenowadaysthantheolddayswhenbalinghaybyhandandwashingclotheswithawashboard.Asthedoctorsaid,fatigueismorelikelytoresultfromtoolittleactivity,andnottobecausedbytoomanyactivities.Emotionalproblemsandtrouble,especiallydepressionandanxiety,areclearlythemostcommoncauseofchronicfatigue.

3.单选题

Thepresident'senemiesarespreadingillrumorsto（

）hisauthority.

问题1选项

A.assert

B.forge

C.undermine

D.remain

【答案】C

【解析】assert维护，主张，声称；forge伪造，锻造；undermine破坏，削弱；remain保持，留下。句意：总统的敌人正在散布谣言去破坏他的权威。选项C符合句意。

4.翻译题

Itisacommonsayingthatwedonotfullyvalueathinguntilweloseit.Weoftenvaluetheloveandworthofafriendwhenhehasbeentakenfromusbydeath,morethanwhenhewaswithusintheflesh;itisonlywhenwehaveleftschoolorcollegethatweunderstandthegreatnessofouropportunityofeducation,whichhasgoneforever;anditisthesickandtheailingwhorealizethevalueofgoodhealth.Wearesousedtovigoroushealththatwetakeitforgranted.（1）

Theorgansofourbodyworksosmoothlythatwescarcelyknowwehavelungsandliver,heartandstomach.Butwhenanyofthesegetupsetandgiveuspainandsickness,welearnbybitterexperiencewhatanunspeakableblessingitistobewell,

（2）Itisthereforewiseandnecessarytolearnintime,beforewehavelostouthealth,thatitcanbekeptonlybyknowingandobservingthelawsofhealth.Nature'slawscannotbeignoredwithimpunity.Inthelongruntheywillavengethemselvesonusifweforgetthem,eveniftheydonotdosoatonce.Atfirstwemaynotfeeltheresultofexcessesandunhealthyhabits;butwecertainlyshallsomeday.（3）Manyamanwhoinmiddleagefindshimselfaconfirmedinvalidhastocursethefolliesofhisyouth:buthisremorseisvain,forNatureneverforgivesbreachesofthelawsofhealth.

（4）Lossofhealthmakesusmiserable,andaburdentoourselvesandourfriends.Itcripplesourefforts,sothatwecannotaccomplishmanyofthegoodandgreatthingswemighthavedone.Itspoilsourlife.Whatmustwedotokeepourhealth?

Wemustbemoderateineatinganddrinking,andwiseinthechoiceofplain,wholesomesimplefood.Gluttonyhaskilledthousands,andstrongdrinktensofthousands.（5）

Wemust,whenyoung,getplentyofsleep,whichis“nature'ssweetrestorer”(恢复剂),andnottrytobumthecandleatbothends.Wemustliveasmuchaspossibleintheopenairandkeepourroomswellventilated.Wemustgetsufficientandregularphysicalexercise;andkeepourbodiesclean.Andwemustavoidbadhabitsandsecretsinsasweavoidthedevil,andkeepourthoughtscleanandourbodiespure.Ouridealmustbethesecondmindinthesoundbody.

【答案】1.我们身体的各个器官运转得如此平稳以至于我们几乎察觉不到我们有肺、肝、心脏和胃。但当其中任何一个不舒服并给我们带来疼痛和疾病的时候，痛苦的经历让我们体会到一切都好的时候是多么的幸福。

2.因此，在我们没有失去健康之前，懂得只有通过了解和遵守健康法则才能保持健康是明智的并且是有必要的。

3.很多人在中年发现自己浑身是病，于是诅咒他年轻时的愚行，但悔恨是徒劳的，因为大自然永远不会宽恕对健康法则的破坏。

4.失去健康我们很悲惨，会给自己和朋友增加负担。它会削弱我们的努力，使我们无法完成一些我们本该完成的很多美好的和伟大的事情。

5.在年轻的时候，我们一定要得到充足的睡眠，这是“自然的甜蜜恢复剂”，而不要不顾身体过度劳累。

5.单选题

Aseriesofrifleshotsdisturbedthe（

）ofthecampgrounds.

问题1选项

A.solidarity

B.tranquility

C.equanimity

D.propinquity

【答案】B

【解析】solidarity团结；tranquility宁静，平静；equanimity镇定；propinquity接近，邻近。句意：一连串的步枪射击打破了营地的宁静。选项B符合语境。

6.单选题

Thepresidentappearstohavebeen（

）whenhepromisedtotrytobalancethenationalbudget.

问题1选项

A.inearnest

B.inperson

C.inprivate

D.inreality

【答案】A

【解析】inearnest认真地，诚挚地；inperson亲自地；inprivate秘密地，私下地；inreality实际上；事实上。句意：当总统承诺努力平衡国家预算时，他似乎是认真的。选项A符合句意。

7.单选题

Sharkshavegainedanunfairreputationforbeingfiercepredatorsoflargeseaanimals.Humanity'sunfoundedfearandhatredoftheseancientcreaturesisleadingtoaworldwideslaughterthatmayresultintheextinctionofmanycoastalsharkspecies.Thesharkisthevictimofawarpedattitudeofwildlifeprotection;westriveonlytoprotectthebeautiful,non-threateningpartsofourenvironment.And,inoureffortstorestoreonlynon-threateningpartsofourearth,weignoreotherimportantparts.

Aperfectillustrationofthisattitudeisthecontrastingattitudetowardanotherlargeseaanimal,thedolphin.Duringthe1980s,environmentalistsintheUnitedStatesprotestedtheuseofdriftnetsoftunafishinginthePacificOceansincethesenetsalsocaughtdolphins.Theenvironmentalistsgeneratedenoughpoliticalandeconomicpressuretopreventtunacompaniesfrombuyingtunathathadbeencaughtindriftnets.Incontrasttothiseffortonbehalfofthedolphins,thesesameenvironmentalistshavedoneverylittletohelpsavethePacificOceansharkswhosepopulationhasdecreasednearlytothepointofextinction.Sharksareamongtheoldestcreaturesonearth,havingsurvivedintheseasformorethan350millionyears.Theyareextremelyefficientanimals,feedingonwoundedordyinganimals,thusthatspeciessuchastheGreatWhiteSharkhavemanagetoliveintheoceansforsomanymillionsofyearsisenoughproofoftheirefficiencyandadaptabilitychangingenvironments.Itistimeforushuman,whomaynotsurviveanother1,000yearsattheratewearedamagingtheplanet,tocastawayourfearsandbeginconsideringtheprotectionofsharksasanimportantpartofaprogramforprotectionofallournaturalenvironment.

1.Withwhichofthefollowingtopicsisthispassageprimarilyconcerned?

2.Howdidenvironmentalistsmanagetoprotectdolphins?

3.Abouthowlongsharkslivedontheplanet?

4.Whatistheauthor'stoneinthispassage?

5.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheorganizationofthispassage?

问题1选项

A.Sharksareefficientcreatureswithbadreputations.

B.Sharksaresomeoftheoldestcreaturesonearth.

C.Sharksillustrateaprobleminwildlifeprotection.

D.Thecampaigntosavedolphinswasnotextendedtosavesharks.

问题2选项

A.Theypreventedfishermenfromsellingthemformeat.

B.Theypressuredfishermenintoprotectingdolphinsbylaw.

C.Theybroughtpoliticalpressureagainsttunacompanies.

D.Theycreatedsanctuarieswheredolphinfishingwasnotallowed.

问题3选项

A.25millionyears

B.150millionyears

C.350millionyears

D.500millionyears

问题4选项

A.explanatory

B.accusatory

C.gentle

D.proud

问题5选项

A.orderofimportance

B.causeandeffect

C.statementandexample

D.chronologicalorder

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】1.主旨大意题。结合全文内容可知，本文主要讲我们只努力保护环境中美丽、无害的部分，而忽略了其他需要保护的东西，比如鲨鱼，使得其濒临灭绝。由此可知，鲨鱼说明了野生动物保护中的一个问题，选项C符合原文主旨。

2.细节事实题。根据第二段的二三句“Duringthe1980s,...caughtindriftnets.”在20世纪80年代，美国的环保主义者抗议在太平洋使用漂网捕捞金枪鱼，因为这些网也能捕获海豚。环保主义者施加了足够的政治和经济压力，阻止金枪鱼公司购买被漂网捕获的金枪鱼。选项C符合原文。

3.细节事实题。根据第二段“Sharksareamongtheoldestcreaturesonearth,havingsurvivedintheseasformorethan350millionyears.”鲨鱼是地球上最古老的生物之一，在海洋中生存了3.5亿年以上。选项C与原文表述一致。

4.推理判断题。结合全文内容可知，作者是在谴责人们忽略了对鲨鱼的保护，所以选项B正确。

5.推理判断题。文章第一段首先提出人们忽略了对鲨鱼的保护，第二段举例来证明这个观点，所以本文的结构是陈述加举例，选项C正确。

8.单选题

Ifprofitandmoneyareyourfirst（

）,andcommitmenttopeopleyourleastconcern,youhavefailededucation.

问题1选项

A.potentiality

B.priority

C.superiority

D.responsibility

【答案】B

【解析】potentiality潜力，可能性；priority优先权，优先考虑的事；superiority优越，优势；responsibility责任，职责，义务。句意：如果利润和金钱是你最优先考虑的事，而对他人的承诺是你最不关心的，那么你的教育就是失败的。选项B符合句意。

9.单选题

Theuseofseatbeltsis（

）inmanycountriesintheworld;failuretowearthemmayresultinfines.

问题1选项

A.covert

B.cruel

C.compulsory

D.constrained

【答案】C

【解析】covert隐藏的，隐秘的；cruel残忍的，残酷的；compulsory强制的，义务的；constrained不自然的，过于受约束的。句意：世界上许多国家对安全带的使用是强制性的，不戴可能会被罚款。选项C符合句意。

10.翻译题

1.Librariesotherthanthoselistedaboverequireadditionalregistrationbeforeyoucanaccesstheircollections.

2.Inthepast,heusedtotellusofhisexpeditionsthroughthewoodsandfieldsroundhishome,andhowheexploredthesolitarybrooksandponds;andthenhedescribedthecuriousanimalsandbirdshesaw.

3.七月份中国消费物价指数与去年同期比下降了0.9%,而六月份该指数下降了0.8%。

【答案】1.除了上面列举的图书馆外，使用其他图书馆的藏书，你还需要另行注册。

2.以前他时常对我说关于他在他家周围的森林和原野中探险的事，以及他怎样找到一些偏僻的溪流和池塘的情形，然后他会描述他所见到的珍禽异兽。

3.China'sconsumerpriceindexinJulydroppedby0.9percentcomparedwiththatofthesameperiodinlastyearandtheindexfell0.8%inJune.

11.单选题

Thereisnoreasontoinsultand（

）themansimplybecauseyoudonotagreewithhim.

问题1选项

A.depict

B.enervate

C.distort

D.defame

【答案】D

【解析】depict描述，描画；enervate使衰弱，使失去活力；distort扭曲，变形；defame诽谤，中伤。句意：如果仅仅是因为你不同意他的观点，那么你没有理由侮辱和诋毁他。选项D符合句意。

12.单选题

（

）asonlyasecond-rateImpressionistpainter,Pisarrohasrecentlyreceivedhighpraisefromartcritics.

问题1选项

A.Hewaslongregarded

B.Longwasheregarded

C.Longregarded

D.Beinglongregarded

【答案】C

【解析】考查分词做状语。再由这里事情的发生有先后顺序知使用一般过去式的C项正确；D项的被动式现在分词表原因，所以不正确。句意：长期以来，Pisarro一直被认为是二流印象派画家，最近他受到了艺术评论家的高度赞扬。

13.单选题

Wearenotsurethathewillbeableto（

）theshockofgoingbankrupt.

问题1选项

A.getover

B.putthrough

C.takeup

D.dependupon

【答案】A

【解析】getover克服，恢复，熬过；putthrough接通，完成，使经受；takeup拿起，开始从事；dependupon依赖，取决于。句意：我们不确定他能否从破产的打击中恢复过来。选项A符合句意。

14.单选题

Imaginationand（

）ofamanagerwillhelpmakethebusinessasuccess.

问题1选项

A.simplicity

B.sophistication

C.innovation

D.condescension

【答案】C

【解析】simplicity朴素，简易，天真；sophistication复杂，老于世故；innovation创新，革新；condescension谦卑，屈尊。句意：经理的想象力和创新将有助于商业的成功。选项C符合语境。

15.单选题

Atfirst,theresultsoftheexperimentseemed（

）,butfinallyapatternemerged.

问题1选项

A.haphazard

B.grave

C.genuine

D.gullible

【答案】B

【解析】haphazard偶然的，随意的；grave严肃的，暗淡的；genuine真正的，诚恳的；gullible易受骗的，轻信的。句意：起初，实验的结果似乎没有起色，但最终出现了一个模式。选项B更符合语境。

16.单选题

Patentmedicinesalesmenhaveclaimedtohave（

）foralltypesofailments,fromcancertobaldnesstothecommoncold.

问题1选项

A.riddles

B.quandaries

C.remedies

D.remnant

【答案】C

【解析】riddle谜语，谜一般的人、东西、事情等；quandary困惑，窘境，为难；remedy补救，治疗；remnant剩余。句意：专利药品的销售人员声称他们有治疗各种疾病的方法，从癌症到秃顶再到普通感冒。选项C符合句意。

17.单选题

Ithankedherforherhospitalityandherkindnessindrivingmebacktomyhotel.

问题1选项

A.sweetness

B.hostility

C.friendliness

D.sincerity

【答案】D

【解析】句意：我感谢她的盛情款待，感谢她开车送我回旅馆。hospitality意为“好客，殷勤”。sweetness愉快，美妙；hostility敌意；friendliness友谊，亲切；sincerity真实，诚挚。选项D更符合原句所表达的语境，所以正确。

18.单选题

ThepopulationofSeattleisaconglomerateofpeoplefromdifferentethnicandculturalbackgrounds.

问题1选项

A.acompany

B.afluctuation

C.anassortment

D.amatching

【答案】C

【解析】句意：西雅图的人口是由来自不同种族和文化背景的人组成的群体。conglomerate意为聚结，凝聚成团。acompany一家公司；afluctuation起伏，波动；anassortment分类，混合物；amatching匹配，一致。选项C与之意思最为相近。

19.单选题

Maryisfinegirleventhoughshe'ssometimesabruptinmanner.

问题1选项

A.devious

B.brusque

C.shrew

D.irritable

【答案】B

【解析】句意：玛丽是个好女孩，虽然她有时举止粗鲁。abrupt意为“生硬的，唐突的，粗鲁的。Devious偏僻的，弯曲的；brusque唐突的，直率的，无礼的；shrew泼妇，悍妇；irritable急躁的，易怒的。选项B与之意思最为相近。

20.单选题

Onenevercanseethethinginitself,becausetheminddoesnot（

）phenomena.

问题1选项

A.transcend

B.superior

C.pass

D.advantage

【答案】A

【解析】transcend胜过，超越；superior上级的，优秀的；pass经过，传递；advantage有利于，使处于优势。句意：一个人永远无法看到事物本身，因为思想无法超越现象。选项A符合语境。

21.单选题

Waterproblemsinthefuturewillbecomemoreintenseandmorecomplex.Ourincreasingpopulationwilltremendouslyincreaseurbanwastes,primarilysewage.Ontheotherhand,increasingdemandsforwaterwilldeceasesubstantiallytheamountofwateravailablefordilutingwastes.Rapidlyexpandingindustrieswhichinvolvemoreandmorecomplexchemicalprocesseswillproducelargevolumesofliquidwastes,andmanyofthesewillcontainchemicalswhicharenoxious.Tofeedourrapidlyexpandingpopulation,agriculturewillhavetobeintensified.Thiswillinvolveever-increasingquantitiesofagriculturalchemicals.Fromthis,itisapparentthatdrasticstepsmustbetakenimmediatelytodevelopcorrectivemeasuresforthepollutionproblem.

Therearetwowaysbywhichthispollutionproblemcanbedwindled.Thefirstrelatestothetreatmentofwastestodecreasetheirpollutionhazard.Thisinvolvestheprocessingofsolidwastes"priorto"disposalandthetreatmentofliquidwastes,oreffluents,topermitthereuseofthewaterorminimizepollutionuponfinaldisposal.

Asecondapproachistodevelopaneconomicuseforallorapartofthewastes.Farmmanureisspreadinfieldsasanutrientororganicsupplement.Effluentsfromsewagedisposalplantsareusedinsomeareasbothforirrigationandforthenutrientscontained.Effluentsfromotherprocessingplantsmayalsobeusedasasupplementalsourceofwater.Manyindustries,suchasmeatandpoultryprocessingplants,arecurrentlyconvertingformerwasteproducesintomarketablebyproducts.Otherindustriesareexploringpotentialeconomicusesforwasteproducts.

1.Thepurposeofthispassageis（

）.

2.WhichofthefollowingpointsisNOTINCLUDEDinthepassage?

3.Thereadercanconcludethat

（

）.

4.Theauthorgivessubstancetothepassagethroughtheuseof

（

）.

5.Thewords"priorto"(Para.2)probablymean（

）.

问题1选项

A.toalertthereadertothedwindlingwatersupply

B.toexplainindustrialusesofwater

C.toacquaintthereaderwithwaterpollutionproblems

D.todemonstratevariousmeasurestosolvethepollutionproblem

问题2选项

A.Industrialdevelopmentincludesthesimplificationofcomplexchemicalprocesses.

B.Dilutingwastesneedscertainamountofwater

C.Demandsforwaterwillgoupalongwiththeexpandingpopulation

D.Intensivecultivationoflandrequiresmoreandmorechemicals

问题3选项

A.countriesoftheworldwillworktogetheronpollutionproblems

B.byproductsfromwastesleadtoamoreprosperousmarketplace

C.scienceismakinggreatprogressonincreasingwatersupplies

D.someindustriesarenowaskingeconomicuseofwastes

问题4选项

A.interviewswithauthoritiesinthefieldofwatercontrols

B.opinionsandpersonalobservations

C.definitionswhichclarifyimportantterms

D.strongargumentsandpersuasions

问题5选项

A.after

B.during

C.before

D.beyond

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.主旨大意题。原文第一段首先指出未来的水问题将变得更加严重和复杂，尤其是污水问题。接下来在二三段主要讲解决污水问题的方法。所以本文主要的目的是为了让人们了解污水问题，选项C正确。

2.细节事实题。根据第一段第三句“..increasingdemandsforwaterwilldecreasesubstantiallytheamountofwateravailablefordilutingwastes.”可知选项B和C有涉及；根据第一段倒数第二句“Thiswillinvolveever-increasingquantitiesofagriculturalchemicals.”可知选项D有涉及。只有选项A在文中没有信息提及。

3.推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Otherindustriesareexploringpotentialeconomicusesforwasteproducts.”其他行业正在探索废弃产物的潜在经济用途。选项D与原文表述一致。

4.判断推理题。从全文来看，作者只是在表达个人的观点以及陈述个人观察的结果:介绍水污染及其解决办法，所以选项B正确。

5.词汇题。根据句意可知，“theprocessingofsolidwastes”应该是在“disposal”之前，所以选项C正确。

22.单选题

The（

）ofthesemanyeventsledmanypeopletobelievethattheywereinterrelated.

问题1选项

A.concurrence

B.agreement

C.occurrence

D.circumstance

【答案】A

【解析】concurrence同时发生，赞同，合作；agreement协议，同意，一致；occurrence发生，出现；circumstance环境，情况，境遇。句意：许多这些事件同时发生使很多人相信它们之间是相互关联的。选项A符合句意。

23.单选题

Theuseofrobotsandautomatedmachineryhaseliminatedcertain（

）factoryjobs.

问题1选项

A.thrilling

B.timid

C.enticing

D.tedious

【答案】D

【解析】thrilling激动人心的；令人兴奋的；timid胆小的，羞怯的；enticing有吸引力的，诱人的；tedious沉闷的，冗长乏味的。句意：机器人和自动化机器的使用消除了某些单调乏味的工厂工作。选项D符合句意。

24.单选题

Malelionsremainalooffromtheday-to-dayactivitiesoftheirfamilies.

问题1选项

A.upwindof

B.exhaustedfrom

C.separatefrom

D.boredwith

【答案】C

【解析】alooffrom意为“远离”。upwindof逆风地；exhaustedfrom筋疲力尽的；separatefrom分离；boredwith对……厌倦。选项C与之意思相近，符合原句语境。

25.单选题

EverySundayeveningthereisa（

）ofpeoplearoundthepavilionintheparksinceithasbecomearegularsiteforanEnglishcorner.

问题1选项

A.congruence

B.congratulation

C.congress

D.congregation

【答案】D

【解析】congruence适合，一致；congratulation祝贺，贺辞；congress代表大会；congregation集会，集合。句意：自从这里成为英语角的固定场所后，每个星期天的晚上都会有很多人聚集在公园的亭子周围。选项D符合句意。

26.单选题

Isuggestedheshould（

）himselftohisnewconditions.

问题1选项

A.adapt

B.adopt

C.regulate

D.suit

【答案】A

【解析】adapt使适应，改编；adopt采取，接受；regulate调节，规定；suit合适，相称。根据句意可知，这里应该是使自己适应新环境，所以选项A正确。

27.单选题

Thelawyerbrowbeatthewitnessintoconfessinghehadseenthecrimecommitted.

问题1选项

A.talked

B.forced

C.caressed

D.intimidated

【答案】D

【解析】句意：律师恫吓证人承认他目睹了犯罪。browbeat意为恫吓，吓唬。只有选项D与之意思相近。

28.单选题

Hewasshockedtodiscoverthatthingsdraggedonwell（

）thetwoweekshehadanticipated.

问题1选项

A.from

B.for

C.away

D.beyond

【答案】D

【解析】句意：他吃惊地发现，事情拖长得远超过了他预期的两个星期。选项D符合语境。

29.单选题

IncolonialAmerica,peoplegenerallycoveredtheirbedswithdecorativequiltsresemblingthoseofthelandsfromwhichthequittershadcome.WealthyandsociallyprominentsettlersmadequiltsoftheEnglishtype,cutfromlargelengthsofclothofthesamecolorandtextureratherthanstitchedtogetherfromsmallerpieces.TheymadetheseuntiltheadventoftheRevolutionaryWarin1775,wheneverythingEnglishcametobefrownedupon.

Amongthewhole-clothquiltsmadebythesewealthysettlersduringtheearlyperiodarethosenowcalledlinsey-woolseys.Thistermwasusuallyappliedtoafabricofwoolandlinenusedinheavyclothingandquiltedpetticoatsworninthewintertime.Despitethename,linsey-woolseybedcoversdidnotoftencontainlinen.Rather,theyweremadeofatoplayerofwoolenorglazedworstedwoolfabric,consistingofsmooth,compactyarnfromlongwoolfiberdyeddarkblue,green,orbrownwithabottomlayerofacoarserwoolenmaterial,eithernaturalorashadeofyellow.Thefillingwasasoftlayerofwoolwhichhadbeencleanedandseparatedandthethreelayerswereheldtogetherwithdecorativestitchingdonewithhomespunlinenthread.Later,cottonthreadwasusedforthispurpose.Thedesignofthestitchingwasoftenasimpleonecomposedofinterlockingcirclesorcrosseddiagonallinesgivingadiamondpattern.

Thistypeofheavy,warm,quiltedbedcoverwassolargethatithungtothefloor.Thecomersarecutoutatthefootofthecoversothatthequiltfitsnuglyaroundthetallfour-poster,bedsofthe1700s,whichdifferedfromthoseoftodayinthattheywereshorterandwider;theywereshortbecausepeoplesleptinasemi-sittingpositionwithmanybolstersorpillows,andwide,becauseeachbedoftensleptthreeormore.Thelinsey-woolseycoveringwasfoundinthecolderregionsofthecountrybecauseofthewarmthitafforded.Therewasnocentralheatingandmostbedroomsdidnothavefireplaces.

1.Whatdoesthispassagemainlydiscuss?

2.TheauthormentionstheRevolutionaryWarasatimeperiodwhen（

）.

3.Thequiltsdescribedinthesecondandthirdparagraphsweremadeprimarilyof（

）.

4.ItcanbeinferredfromthethirdparagraphthatthesleepinghabitsofmostAmericanshavechangedsincethe1700sinallthefollowingwaysEXCEPT

（

）.

5.WhichofthefollowingwasmostlikelytobefoundinabedroominthecolderareasoftheAmericancolonies?

问题1选项

A.Theprocessingofwool

B.Linsey-woolseybedcovers

C.SleepinghabitsofcolonialAmericans

D.QuiltsmadeinEngland

问题2选项

A.quiltsweresuppliedtothearmy

B.moreimmigrantsarrivedfromEngland

C.quiltsimportedfromEnglandbecamehardertofind

D.people'sattitudestowardEnglandchanged

问题3选项

A.wool

B.linen

C.cotton

D.amixtureoffabrics

问题4选项

A.thepositioninwhichpeoplesleep

B.thenumbersofbolstersorpillowspeoplesleepon

C.thelengthoftimepeoplesleep

D.thenumberofpeoplewhosleepinonebed

问题5选项

A.Alinsey-woolsey

B.Aventfromacentralhealingsystem

C.Afireplace

D.Awoodstove

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.主旨大意题。结合全文内容可知，原文第一段首先介绍了什么是被褥，接下来的段落则是具体介绍其中的一种——Linsey-woolsey。所以选项B正确。

2.推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“TheymadetheseuntiltheadventoftheRevolutionaryWarin1775,wheneverythingEnglishcametobefrownedupon.”直到1775年革命战争爆发，人们对来自英国的一切都不赞成。也就是说，人们对英国的态度改变了。选项D符合原文。

3.推理判断题。根据第二段第三句“Despitethename,linsey-woolseybedcoversdidnotoftencontainlinen.Rather,theyweremadeofatoplayerofwoolenorglazedworstedwoolfabric...”尽管有这个名字，linsey-woolsey床单通常并不包含亚麻。相反，它们是由一层羊毛或光滑的精纺毛织物制成的……由此可知，其主要成分是羊毛，选项A正确。

4.事实细节题。根据第三段第二句“theywereshortbecausepeoplesleptinasemi-sittingpositionwithmanybolstersorpillows,andwide,becauseeachbedoftensleptthreeormore.”它们短是因为人们以半坐的姿势睡觉，有许多支撑物或枕头；宽是因为每张床通常睡三个人或更多。由此可知，选项A，B，D均有提及，只有选项C不正确。

5.事实细节题。根据最后一段倒数第二句“Thelinsey-woolseycoveringwasfoundinthecolderregionsofthecountrybecauseofthewarmthitafforded.”由于它所提供的温暖，人们在该国较冷的地区发现了这种类似羊毛的覆盖物。所以选项A符合题意。

30.单选题

Itisverystrange,butIhadan（

）thattheplanewouldcrash.

问题1选项

A.inspiration

B.intuition

C.imagination

D.incentive

【答案】B

【解析】inspiration灵感，鼓舞；intuition直觉；imagination想象力；incentive动机，刺激。句意：虽然很奇怪，但我有一种飞机会坠毁的直觉。选项B符合句意。

31.单选题

Itisgenerallybelievedthatpeoplewholiveinsmalltownsoftenseemmorefriendlythanthoselivingin（

）populatedareas.

问题1选项

A.densely

B.intensely

C.abundantly

D.highly

【答案】A

【解析】densely浓密地，密集地；intensely强烈地，紧张地，热情地；abundantly丰富地，大量地；highly高度地；非常。句意：人们普遍认为住在小城镇的人似乎比住在人口稠密地区的人更友好。选项A符合句意。

32.单选题

Indescribingthegrandeurandsublimityofthiscountry,theHaitian(海地人)maywellenoughtoadoptthepoeticdescriptionoftheirownproudcountry.

问题1选项

A.serenity

B.splendor

C.elegant

D.sight

【答案】B

【解析】句意：在描述这个国家的伟大和庄严时，海地人很乐意接受对他们引以为豪的祖国这样诗意的描述。sublimity意为“庄严，崇高”。serenity平静，宁静；splendor壮丽，显赫；elegant优美的，讲究的；sight视力，见解。选项B与之意思相近。

33.单选题

Letmestandinwithyouifit'sveryexpensive.

问题1选项

A.bargainforyou

B.borrowmoneyforyou

C.sharethecostwithyou

D.standonyourside

【答案】C

【解析】standinwith意为与……联合，同……分担。bargainforyou讨价还价；borrowmoneyforyou借钱；sharethecostwithyou一起承担；standonyourside站在你这边。选项C与之意思相近。

34.单选题

Toolmakersmusthavetheabilitytoworkvery（

）inordertomeetexactspecifications.

问题1选项

A.plausibly

B.profoundly

C.precisely

D.primarily

【答案】C

【解析】plausibly似真地；profoundly深刻地，极度地；precisely精确地，恰好；primarily主要地，根本上。句意：工具制造者必须能非常精确地工作，以满足准确的规格要求。根据下文可知，选项C符合句意。

35.单选题

Diamondshavelittle（

）valueandtheirpricedependsalmostentirelyontheirscarcity.

问题1选项

A.extinct

B.permanent

C.surplus

D.intrinsic

【答案】D

【解析】extinct灭绝的，绝种的；permanent永久的，不变的；surplus剩余的，过剩的；intrinsic本质的，固有的。句意：钻石本身没有什么价值，它们的价格几乎完全取决于它们的稀缺性。选项D符合句意。

36.单选题

Clothesplayacriticalpartintheconclusionswereachbyprovidingcluestowhopeopleare,whotheyarenot,andwhotheywouldliketobe.Theytellusasagooddealaboutthewearer'sbackground,personality,status,moodandsocialoutlook.

Sinceclothesaresuchanimportantsourceofsocialinformation,wecanusethemtomanipulatepeople'simpressionofus.Ourappearanceassumesparticularsignificanceintheinitialphasesofinteractionthatislikelytooccur.Anelderlymiddle-classmanorwomanmaybealienatedbyayoungadultwhoisdressedinanunconventionalmaimer,regardlessoftheperson'seducation,background,orinterests.

Peopletendtoagreeonwhatcertaintypesofclothesmean.Adolescentgirlscaneasilyagreeonthelifestylesofgirlswhowearcertainoutfits,includingthenumberofboyfriendstheylikelyhavehadandwhethertheysmokeordrink.

Newscasters,ortheannouncerswhoreadthenewsonTV,areconsideredtobemoreconvincing,honest,andcompetentwhentheyaredressedconservatively.Andcollegestudentswhoviewthemselvesastakinganactiveroleintheirinterpersonalrelationshipssaytheyareconcernedaboutthecostumestheymustweartoplaytheserolessuccessfully.Moreover,manyofuscanrelateinstancesinwhichtheclothingweworechangedthewaywefeltaboutourselvesandhowweacted.

Perhapsyouhaveusedclothingtogainconfidencewhenyouanticipatedastressfulsituation,suchasajobinterview,oracourtappearance.

Intheworkplace,menhavelonghadwell-definedprecedentsandrolemodelsforachievingsuccess.Ithasbeenotherwiseforwomen.Agoodmanywomeninthebusinessworldareuncertainabouttheappropriatemixtureof“masculine”and“feminine”attributestheyshouldconveybytheirprofessionalclothing.Thevarietyofclothingalternativestowomenhasalsobeengreaterthanthatavailableformen.

1.Accordingtothepassage,thewaywedress（

）.

2.Fromthethirdparagraphofthepassage,wecanconcludethatyoungadultstendtobelievethatcertaintypesofclothingcan

（

）.

3.Theword"precedent"(Line1,Para.6)probablyrefersto

（

）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,manycareerwomenfindthemselvesindifficultsituationsbecause

（

）.

5.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

问题1选项

A.providescluesforpeoplewhoarecriticalofus

B.indicatesourlikesanddislikesinchoosingacareer

C.hasadirectinfluenceonthewaypeopleregardus

D.isofparticularimportancewhenwegetoninage

问题2选项

A.changepeople'sconservativeattitudestowardstheirlifestyles

B.helpyoungpeoplemakefriendswiththeoppositesex

C.makethemcompetitiveinthejobmarket

D.helpthemachievesuccessintheirinterpersonalrelationships

问题3选项

A.earlyactsformentofollowasexamples

B.particularplacesformentooccupyespeciallybecauseoftheirimportance

C.thingsthatmenshouldagreeupon

D.men'sbeliefsthateverythingintheworldhasalreadybeendecided

问题4选项

A.thevarietyoftheprofessionalclothingistoowideforthemtochoose

B.womenaregenerallythoughttobeonlygoodatbeingfashionmodels

C.Menaremorefavorablyjudgedformanagerialpositions

D.theyarenotsuretowhatextenttheyshoulddisplaytheirfemininequalitiesthroughclothing

问题5选项

A.Dressingforeffect

B.Howtodressappropriately

C.Managerialpositionsandclothing

D.Dressingfortheoccasion

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据第一段的内容，着装通过提供线索让我们得出一个人是怎样的人，不是怎样的人以及想成为怎样的人的结论上起到了至关重要的作用。它们能很好地告诉我们穿着者的背景、性格、地位、心情和社会前景。也就是说，穿着对人们看待我们的方式有直接影响，选项C符合原文。

2.细节事实题。根据第三段的内容，青春期女孩很容易就能认同那些穿某种服装的女孩的生活方式，包括她们可能有多少男朋友，她们是否抽烟或喝酒。也就是说，年轻人倾向于相信某些类型的衣服可以帮助他们在人际关系中取得成功。选项D符合原文。

3.词汇题。根据句意可知，“precedents”应该和“rolemodels”意思相近，所以选项A“男性追随的榜样的早期行为”符合原文所表述的意思。

4.细节事实题。根据最后一段第三句“Agoodmanywomeninthebusinessworldareuncertainabouttheappropriatemixtureof“masculine”and