河南省开封市兰考县第二高级中学高二英语选修7《Unit1Livingwell》语法导学案

学必求其心得，业必贵于专精高一英语Book1Unit3语法导教学设计Ⅰ品味语法Toaskhimforhelpisnecessary.Hecan’taffordtobuysuchanexpensivecar.Ifounditdifficulttofinishtheworkinsuchashorttime.Theparentsdon'tallowtheirchildrentogooutatnight.5.Hesaidhehadanimportantthingtoattendto。6.HeworkedhardtolearnEnglishwell。Ⅱ自我研究1.例1是动词不定式______,可用it作形式主语Itisnecessarytoaskhimforhelp。例2为动词不定式作________.3.例3为it作________,真切的宾语是动词不定式tofinishtheworkinsuchashorttime.例4为动词不定式作__________。例5为动词不定式作________。例6为动词不定式作________。Ⅲ自学讲解归纳一．动词不定式的句法功能动词不定式在句中不能够独立做谓语，但在句中能够做主语,宾语，宾语补足语,定语，表语和状语等多种成分.动词不定式作主语（1）,动词不定式作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。若是不定式太长，常用it作形式主语。Toseeistobelieve。Itisagreatpleasuretotalkwithyou。Itmademehappytofindmykey。（2)若是要说明不定式表示的动作的发出者的话，要在不定式前加for引起的短语，构成“for+名词（或代词宾格）+不定式”Itiseasyforhimtoworkoutthismathproblem.（3）表示人的品性的形容词（如clever，kind，nicewise，foolish,polite,stupid,silly等)作表语时，不定式前常用of引起的短语.Itwasfoolishofhimtomakesuchamistake。2.动词不定式作表语不定式作表语，用来讲解主语或主语从句中do的精确含义时,经常能够省略动词不定式符号to。Mywishistobecomeauniversitystudent。学必求其心得，业必贵于专精Herjobistolookafterpatients.Whatwewanttodonowis（to)liedownandrestThemethodprovedtobehighlyeffective.

。3.动词不定式作宾语（1）常用不定式作宾语的动词有

:want,agree,desire,determine

，refuse,hope

，wish,expect,promise

，choose，pretend

，decide

，offer,manage

，intend,learn,afford

等。Wehopetogettherebeforedark

。Hecan’taffordtobuytheexpensivecar.2）。可用“疑问词+不定式”结构作宾语的动词有:know，learn，decide，think，consider，observe,wonder,settle，inquire等。Idon’tknowwhattodo.Heisconsideringwhentoholdaparty。（3)在某些复合宾语中，常用it作形式宾语,而把真切作宾语的不定式放到宾语补足语此后。Ithinkitimportanttokeepthesocietysteady。Hethinksitimpossibletofinishtheworkinsuchashorttime。4.动词不定式作宾语补足语常有的能够用不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask，tell,invite，force，want,wish,teach,get，beg,allow,forbid，encourage，advise，persuade等。Theytoldhimnottobelateagain.Theparentsdon’tallowtheirchildrentogooutatnight。(2）表示使役的动词make，let，have和表示感官的动词hear，watch,see,notice，observe，feel,listento,lookat，此后用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。Lethimtryoncemore.Isawhimentertheroom.注意。以上种类的句子变为被动语态时，省略的不定式符号to必定恢复(let除外)Ioftenhearhimsingthissong。主动Heisoftenheardtosingthissong.被动5.动词不定式作定语(1）不定式作定语时，常放在其修饰的名词或代词此后，表示将来的动作。Ihavealotofworktodo

。(2）与被修饰词之间有动宾关系

,如是不及物动词，则需加介词。Hetoldmehehadnopentowritewith

。学必求其心得，业必贵于专精Sheisaverynicepersontoworkwith。动词不定式作状语不定式作状语常用来修饰动词，表示目的，结果或原因等.ShegotupearlytocatchtheearlybusWewereveryexcitedtohearthenews.

。Hesearchedtheroomonlytofindnothing

。注意：现在分词表示结果时，表示“自然产生的结果”Hisparentsdied，leavinghimanorphan.二．

动词不定式的否定形式动词不定式的否定形式是在不定式符号前加not

；不带

to

的不定式则在动词前加

not

。ZhangMingaskedmenottostayathomeallday.Mymotherletmenottodoitbymyself.三．动词不定式的形式和语态不定式的语态主动式不定式的形式

被动式一般式完成式进行式完成进行式TheyseemtohaveknowneachotherforalongtimeTheypretendedtobeworkinghardwhentheteachercamein.Iwantedthelettertobetypedatonce.

。Ithinkit

’sanhonor

tohavebeengivenachancetospeakatthemeeting

。Ⅳ牢固练习Ⅰ单项填空1.Theability_____anideaisasimportantastheideaitself

。A。

expressing

B.expressed

C

。toexpress

D

。

tobeexpressed学必求其心得，业必贵于专精2。Hisfirstbook_______nextmonthisbasedonatruestory。A。publishedB。tobepublishedC。topublishD。beingpublished3。Thedoctorhasworkedwithpatientsofthiskindfornineyears，soheknowswhat_____inhisjob.A.expectedB。toexpectC.tobeexpectingD。expect4。Withalotofdifficultproblems______,themanagerfeltlikeacatonhotbricks.A.settlingB.tosettleC.beingsettledD。settled5。Ilikegettingupveryearlyinsummer，Themorningairissogood______.A.tobebreathedB。tobreatheC.breathingD。beingbreathed6。Therulesaysthatthelast____theofficeshouldremember____thewindows.A.toleave;tocloseB。leaving;tocloseC。leaving;closingD.toleave;closing7。Withtheworldchangingfast，wehavesomethingnew_____withallbyourselveseveryday.A。dealB.dealtC.todealD.dealing8。Hehurriedtotheairpo