2022年广东省深圳市龙华区高峰学校中考英语一模试卷(附答案详解)

PAGE1616页2022年广东省深圳市龙华区高峰学校中考英语一模试卷一、完形填空（本大题共10小题，共10.0分）FranzKafka（1883-1924），afamouswriter,nevermarriedandhadnochildren.Once,atageof40，whenhewaswalkingthroughaparkinBerlin,Germany,hehappenedtomeetayounggirlcrying.She(1)herfavouritedoll.Hehelpedher(2)thedoll,buttheycouldn'tfindit.Kafkatoldhertomeethimtherethenextdayandtheywouldlookforitagain.Thenextday,whenthey(3)hadnotfoundthedoll,Kafkagavethegirlaletter"written"bythedollthatsaid,"Pleasedonotcry.Ihave(4)andI'mgoingtowritetoyouaboutmyadventures."Thus（以此方式）beganastorythatcontinuedtotheendofKafka'slife.Whentheywouldmeet,Kafkareadaloudhehadwritten,ofofadventuresthatthegirlfoundexciting.Finally,Kafkareadheraletterinwhichthedollsaidithadfinally(6)Berlin.Then,hegaveheradollthathehadbought."Thisdoesnotlooklikemydollatall,"shesaid.Kafkahandedheranotherletterthatsaid,"Itismytripsthathave(7)me."Thegirlhuggd拥抱thenewdollandtookithomewithher.Ayearlater,Kafka(8).Manyyearslater,thenowgrown-upgirlfoundaletterhiddeninsidethe(9).Thetinyletter,signed（签名）byKafka,said,"Everythingyouloveisverylikelytobelost,butintheend,(10)willreturninadifferentway."A.boughtA.askforA.justA.takenatripA.emailA.goneawayC.movedoutofA.changedA.passedoutA.roomA.courage

B.brokeB.lookforB.evenB.hadapicnicB.letterB.supportedB.walkedinB.dollB.help

C.lentC.writeaboutC.stillC.hadawalkC.storyB.leftforD.comebacktoC.encouragedC.passedawayC.presentC.safety

D.lostD.listentoD.everD.takenarestD.poemD.challengedD.camealongD.albumD.love二、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）AInventionschangehowwelive,work,playandthinkaboutwhat'spossible.Everyyear,TIMEliststhe100bestinventionsbasedontheircreativityand创造力和影响力ourlives.Whatdidthemagazinechoosethisarethreeofthem.EasiertoreadReadingcanbeabigchallengefortensofmillionsofpeople.Theymayhavepooreyesightorreadingdifficulties.ButOrCamReadcanhelpthem!It'sthefirstofitskindreadingpenwithasmartcameraandanAIsystem.Afterscanningapageoftextwiththeclickofabutton,itcanreadthetextaloudtotheuser.Youdon'tneedtoconnectitwiththeInternet.Youcanuseitofflineathome,work,school,oreveninstoreswhenyouneedtoreadapricetag（标签）.SweetideaHoneyisproducedbybees.Buttoday'sbeekeepingbusines养蜂产业isnotgoodforthesehard-workinginsects.Beefarmersmaykillthemaftergettinghoneybecauseit'scheaperthanfeedingthebeesthroughthewinter.Tosavebees,UScompanyMeliBiohasfoundawaytomaketheworld'sfirstbee-freehoney.Theyusedsyntheticbiology（合成生物学）tocreatehoneydirectlyfromplants.Thiskindofhoneytastesjustliketherealone,anditishealthy,too.KeepyoucalmWhenyoufeelangryorunhappy,whatdoyoudoaboutit？Scientistssayyoucantrytocalmothers.Thiscanhelpyoucalmdown.That'swhyPurrblewasinvented.Thisfurry,bear-liketoyhas9sensors（感应器）.Ithasaquick"heartbeat"andcanreplytoyourtouch.Anditpurrslikeacat.Itsoundslikeitreallyenjoysyourtouch!ThroughpettingPurrble,you'llbecomemoreawareofyourownfeelingsandlearnhowtofeelcalmyourself.HowmanyinventionsdoesTIMElisteveryyearaccordingtothe A.3. B.Over3. C.100. D.Over100.WhatcanweknowaboutOrCamRead Peoplemustuseitonline.Itonlyhelpsreadapricetag.Readingbecomeseasierwithit.It'suselessfortheblindtouseit.Whyistoday'sbeekeepingbusinessnotgoodfor Manybeesdieofhungerduringthecoldwinter.Honeyproducedbybeestastesgoodbutunhealthy.Beeswillperhapsbekilledaftertheyproducehoney.Beefarmersdon'twanttospendmoneyfeedingthem.WhatcanPurrblehelpuswith Thesenseoftouch.C.Awarenessofsafety.

B.Thesenseofhearing.D.Awarenessofbeingcalm.Wherecanwemostprobablyreadthe Inanewspaper.C.Inastorybook.

B.Inamagazine.D.Onanoticeboard.BDoyouknowofanyonewhousesthetruthtodeceive（欺骗）？Whensomeonetellsyousomethingthatistrue,butleavesoutimportantinformationthatshouldbeincluded,hecangiveyouafalsepicture.Forexample.someonemightsay,"Ijustwonahundreddollarsonthelottery.Itwasgreat.Itookthatdollarticketbacktothestoreandturneditinforonehundreddollars!"Thisguy'sawinner,right Maybe,maybenot.Wethendiscoveredthathebought＄200worthoftickets,andonlyonewasawinner.He'sreallyabigloser!Hedidn'tsayanythingthatwasfalse,butheleftoutimportantinformationon目的）.That'scalledahalf-truth.Half-truthsarenottechnically（技术的）lies,buttheyareasdishonest.Somepoliticiansoftenusethistrick.Let'ssaythatduringGovernorSmith'slastterm,herstatelostonemillionjobsandgainedthreemillionjobs.Thenshesees寻找anotherterm.Oneofheropponents（对手）says,"DuringGovernorSmith'sterm,thestatelostonmillionjobs!"That'strue.However,anhoneststatementwouldhavebeen."DuringGovernorSmith'sterm,thestatehadanetgainoftwomillionjobs."Advertiserswillsometimesusehalf-truths.It'sagainstthelawtomakefalsestatementssotheytrytomisleadyouwiththetruth.Anadvertisementmightsay,"NineoutoftendoctorsadvisedtheirpatientstotakeYuckyPillstocuretoothache."ItfailstomentionthattheyonlyaskedtendoctorsandnineofthemworkfortheYuckyCompany.Thekindofdeceptionhappenstoooften.It'sasadfactoflife：Liesarelies,andsometimesthetruthcanlieaswell.Howmuchdidthelotterywinner onehundreddollars.C.Threehundreddollars.

B.Twohundreddollars.D.Fourhundreddollars.Wemayinferthattheauthorbelievespeopleshould .buylotteryticketsifpossiblemakeuseofhalf-truthsbecarefulaboutwhattheyaretoldnottrusttheYuckyCompanyHowmanyexamplesdoesthewritergivetoshowhowthetruthinusedtoOne B.Two C.Three D.FourWhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage Usinghalf-truthsisagainstthelaw.Technically,half-truthsareinfactlies.YuckyPillsisaverygoodmedicinefortoothache.GovernorSmithdidagoodjobduringherlastterm.Whichofthefollowingbestexpressesthemainideaofthe He'sreallyabigloser!Sometimesthetruthcanlieaswell.Advertiserswillsometimesusehalftruths.It'sagainstthelawtomakefalsestatements.CAccordingtoaresearch,morethan130billionpoundsofuneatenfoodgotowasteinLaura'scountyeachyear.Thatisabout30%oftheyearlyfoodsuply供应.Itisasadfact,especiallywhenyouconsiderhowmanyfamiliesandhomelesspeopleareinhunger.WhenLaurasawherschooldininghallthrowawayfoodthatwasnoteatenatalleveryday,shecameupwithanidea.Shestartedaprojecttohelpherschooldininghalltogiveawayuneatenfoodtohomeless庇护所）inhercommunity.Inthepastthreeyears,thesameprojecthasspreadtootherschoolsandsomefastfoodrestaurantsthroughoutthecity.TheprojectiscalledFeed&Find,andhasalreadyfedthousandsofpeopleinhercity.Howdoesitwork？Throughanapp,Feed&Findmatcheslocalhomelessshelterswithschooldininghallsandrestaurantsthathaveuneatenfoodtoprovide.Whendininghallsorrestaurantshaveuneatenfoodleft,theycanusetheapptosharetheinformationaboutthefood.Atruckdriverworkingfortheprojectisthensenttopickitupandtakeittoashelter.Prettycool,right It'snotsurprisingthatpeopleinothercitieshavegotintouchwithLaura,hopingthatshecouldhelpdevelopsimilarprojectsfortheircommunities.Somepeople,however,haveconcernsaboutthesafetyoftheuneatenfood.Theythinksuchfoodmaynotbecleanenough.Still,thisprojectisacleverwaytohelpsolvetheproblemoffoodwasteandhelpsthoseinneed.WhatdothenumbersinParagraph1tell Somepeoplearepoor.C.Thepopulationislarge.

B.Foodwasteisserious.D.Theresearchisinteresting.WheredidLaura'sprojectfirstget Fromherfamily.C.Fromafastfoodrestaurant.

B.Fromahomelessshelter.D.Fromherschooldininghall.WhatwouldpeopleinothercitieslikeLauratodo Tofindatruckdriver.Tovisittheircommunities.Togiveawayfoodtothem.Tohelpdevelopprojectslikehers.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"refertointhelast Thefood. B.Theproblem. C.Foodwaste. D.Theproject.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthis ADiningGuideApp.C.ADrivingServiceApp.

B.AFoodSharingProject.D.AFoodSafetyProject.三、信息匹配（本大题共10小题，共10.0分）Theyareusefulforoldpeopleaswell.Theyareusefulforoldpeopleaswell.Theyarealsohavingahugeinfluenceonus.Almosteveryoneenjoysonlinefooddeliveryservices.D.However,wemustnotforgetthedisadvantagesoftheseservices.E.Mostofthetime,it'sbettertobuywhatyouneedandcookbyyourself.F.Inrecentyears,anumberofpeoplehavebeenhurtorevenkilledbecauseofthis.Fewpeopleknewaboutonlinefooddelivey外卖）appstenyearsago,buttoday,manywouldfindithardtolivewithoutthem.Forbetterorworse,onlinefooddeliveryservie服务）havechangedthewayweeat.(1)Theseservicessurelyhavemanyadvantages.Theyprovidejobsformillionsofpeopleandhelprestaurantsfindmorecustomers.Sincetheappsareveryeasytouse,theyalsodogoodtocustomers：wecannowhavemealsdeliveredatanytimeofday.Thisisespeciallyimportanttopeoplewhomightnothavetimetocook.Notonlydotheseappssavetime,theyalsoprovideuswithlotsofrestaurantstochoosefrom.(2)Theycanbuymealsandfoodsmoreeasilywiththeseapps.(3)First,theymakeiteveneasiertoorderunhealthyfood.Foodsafetyisanotherproblitcanbehardtoknowwherethefoodcomesfrom.Asdeliverymenneedtosendtheordersasquicklyaspossible,somepaylittleattentiontotrafficrules.(4)What'smore,deliveryservicesarecreatingtoomuchpackagingwaste,andthiswillbeharmfultotheenvironment.Therearemanyadvantagesofonlinefooddeliveryservices,butweneedtomakesurethatwemaketherightchoicesinthelongrun.Weshoulddoourbesttoavoidwaste.Wealsoneedtomakesurewhatweeatishealthy.Nexttimeyouarethinkingaboutorderingin,askyourselfwhetheryoureallyneedto.(5)A.AEA.EA.AEA.E

F.FF.FF.FF.F

B.B C.C D.D E.B.B C.C D.D E.B.B C.C D.D E.B.B C.C D.D E.A.E

F.F

B.B C.C D.D E.A.Fishliveinwater.Apersonwhoisinastrangeoruncomfortableenvironmentmayfeellikeafishoutofwater.B.Peoplemaygettheirfeetintothewaterslowlywhentheystarttolearnswimming."Getyourfeetwet"meanstryingtodosomethingforthefirsttime.C.Inmanyballgames,themostimportantpersonistheonewhocarriestheball.Suchapersonistheleaderandhemakessurethatajobgetsdone.D.Birdsmainlyeatworms.Abirdwillgohungryifitcannotcatchworms.Thebirdthatgetsupearlyissuretogetsomefood,sotheearlybirdcatchestheworm.E.Yourfeetbecomehotwhenyourun.Butwhenyouaremadetositinoneplace,yourheelsstaycool.Whensomeonekeepsyouwaiting,youcansayheiscoolingyourheels.F.Somepeopleseemtoknowwhat'sgoingonbehindthem,asiftheyhadeyesinthebackoftheirheads."Eyesinthebackofyourhead"referstotheabilitytonoticeeverythinghappeningaroundyou.Bella,oneofthetopstudentsinherclass,alwaysgetsupearlyandhopestogetbettergradesbyworkinghard. Samisanewcomertoahighschool.Hefeelsalittlenervousaintheclassroomwithalotofstrangersaroundhim. Victor'sfriendsaretakingahighspeedtraintovisithim.Buthisfriendsarelate.Heisnowwaitingforthematthestation. AileenisanEnglishteacher.Shealwaysknowswhat'sgoingoninclass,evenwhenherstudentsarepassingnotesbehindherback. Vincenthasjoinedamountainclimbingclub.Theclubmemberswillhaveaclimbingtripnextweekandhewillbetheleaderoftheteam. A.EA.AEA.E

F.FF.FF.F

B.B C.C D.D E.B.B C.C D.D E.B.B C.C D.D E.A.EA.AE

F.FF.F

B.B C.C D.D E.B.B C.C D.D E.四、阅读填空（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）OneSunday,Idecidedtotidymybookshelfup.Suddenly,awhiteenvelopefelltothefloor.Iwas(1)（surprise）!Icouldn'trememberputtingtheenvelopeonmyshelf.Itmusthavebeenyearsago!Anyway,Iopenedtheenvelope(2)（careful）.Insideit,therewasafoldedpieceofpaper.Ireadit.Itwasaletterthatwaswritten(3)mymom.Mydearchildren,Iloveyousomuch!Thisisnotalettertobeposted.Ihavewrittenthisinthehopethatonedayyou(4)（find）it.Yes,Iwantedtoletyouknowsomething(5)wasnotsuitabletoexpressfacetoface.Lifeistooshortanduncertain.WhatIsay(6)（be）notnewatall,butwhyIsayitisimportant.Ifyouarereadingthis,Iamnolongerwithyou.Youarealonenow.I'mnottheretohelpyouorgiveyouanykindof(7)（advise）.ButIhavefaiththatthestepsyoutakewillbesoundandwise.Theworldaroundyoucanbeconfusin（令人困惑的.Butifyoulookinsideyourselvesyoucanlightyourpathandfigureoutwhere(8)（go）.Rememberthesaying"youreapwhatyou播种）".Thewayyouactwillhave(9)effectonyourlife.Becarefulandawareofeverystep.Bepositiveasmuchaspossible.Allofyouaregreatchildren.IhopeyoucanunderstandwhatImean.Bekindtoothersandto(10)（you）.Yours,MomIwassilentforalongtime,holdingthatletter.IthoughtabouthowmuchIlovedandmissedmymother.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)答案和解析1~10.【答案】D、B、C、A、B、D、A、C、B、D【解析】（1）D考查动词。A.买，B.打破，C.借出，D.丢失，根据theycouldn'tfindit.可知句意：她丢失了她最喜欢的洋娃娃。故选D。A.theycouldn'tfind可知句意：他帮她找洋娃娃，但他们找不到。故选B。（3）C考查副词。A.只是，B.甚至，C.还，D.曾经，结合语境可知句意：第二天，当他们还没有找到洋娃娃时，卡夫卡给了女孩一封洋娃娃"写"的信。故选C。A.休息，根据myadventures和后文的Itismytrips可知句意：我去旅行了，我要给你写信讲述我的冒险经历。故选A。A.whichhehadwritten,ofcourse可知句意：当他们见面时，卡夫卡大声朗读了那封信。故选。（6）D考查短语。A.离开，B.动身去，C.搬出，D.回到，结合语境可知句意：最后，卡夫卡给她读了一封信，信中娃娃说它终于回到了柏林。故选D。（7）A考查动词。A.改变，B.支持，C.鼓励，D.挑战，根据Thisdoesnotlooklikemydollatall可知句意：是我的旅行改变了我。故选A。（8）C考查短语。A.昏倒，B.走进，C.去世，D.进展，结合语境可知句意：一年后，卡夫卡去世了。故选C。（9）B考查名词。A.房间，B.洋娃娃，C.礼物，D.相册，许多年后，这个现在已经长大成人的女孩在洋娃娃里发现了一封信。故选B。A.Everythingyouloveisverylikelytobelost,故选D。去，但最终，爱会以不同的方式回归。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确。11~15.【答案】C、C、C、D、A【解析】（1）C.细节理解题。根据Everyyear,TIMEliststhe100bestinventionsbasedontheircreativityand

创造力和影响力our100项最佳发明。故选C。（2）C.理解判断题。根据ButOrCamReadcanhelpthem!It'sthefirstofitskindreadingpenwithasmartcameraandanAIsystem.Afterscanningapageoftextwiththeclickofabutton,itcanreadthetextaloudtotheuser.但是虎鲸阅读可以帮助他们！这是首款带有智能摄像头和人工智能系统的阅读笔。在点击一个按钮扫描一页文本后，它可以向用户大声朗读文本。可知它会让阅读变得更简单，B项符合文意。故选C。（3）C.细节理解题。根据Beefarmersmaykillthemaftergettinghoney，养蜂人可能会蜜后杀死它们，故选。（4）D.细节理解题。根据ThroughpettingPurrble,you'llbecomemoreawareofyourownfeelingsandlearnhowtofeelcalmyourself

过抚摸咕噜咕噜，你会更加意识到自己的感受，并学会如何让自己感到平静。可知能让你意识到要保持平静，故选D。（5）A.文章来源题。根据Inventionschangehowwelive,work,playandthinkaboutwhat'spossible.Everyyear,TIMEliststhe100bestinventionsbasedontheircreativityand创造力和影响力ourlives.Whatdidthemagazinechoosethisyear Herearethreeof发明改变了我们的生活、工作、娱乐和思考可能性的方式。《时代》杂志每年都会根据创造性对我们生活的100A文章介绍了《时代》杂志评选出的三项最佳发明。在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真辨析选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。16~20.【答案】A、C、C、D、B【解析】（1）A.细节推理题。根据文中Forexample,someonemightsay,"Ijustwonahundreddollarsonthelottery.Itwasgreat.Itookthatdollarticketbacktothestoreandturneditinforonehundreddollars!"例如，有人可能会说，"我刚中了一百美元的彩票。太棒了。我把那张美元的票带回商店，上交了一百美元！"以及Thisguy'sawinner,right？Maybe,maybenot.Wethendiscoveredthathebought＄200worthoftickets,andonlyonewasawinner.He'sreallyabig这家伙是赢家，对吧？也许，也许不是。后来我们发现他买了价值200美元的票，而且只有一张是赢家。他真的是个大输家！由此可知，A项，一百美元，符合题意。故选A。（2）C.推理判断题。根据文中最后一段Thekindofdeceptionhappenstoooften.It'sasadfactoflife：Liesarelies,andsometimesthetruthcanlieas项符合题意。故选。（3）C.细节理解题。根据文中Forexample,someonemightsay,"Ijustwonahundreddollarsonthelottery.Itwasgreat.Itookthatdollarticketbacktothestoreandturneditinforonehundred例如，有人可百美元！"Somepoliticiansoftenusethistrick.一些政客经常使用这个伎俩。以及Advertiserswillsometimesuse到了三个例子。故选。（4）D.正误判断题。根据文中However,anhoneststatementwouldhavebeen."DuringGovernorSmith'sterm,thestatehadanetgainoftwomillion在史密斯州长任期内，该州净增加了200项，史密斯州长在上个任期内做得很好，表述正确。故选D。5B.Thekindofdeceptionhappenstoooften.It'sasadfactoflif：Liesarelies,andsometimesthetruthcanlieas故选B。这篇短文主要讲述了有些人是如何利用部分事实进行欺骗的。通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。21~25.【答案】B、D、D、D、B【解析】（1）B.细节理解题。根据"Accordingtoaresearchmorethan130billionpoundsofuneatenfoodgotowasteinLaura'scountryeachyear.Thatisabout30%oftheyearlyfoodsupply（供应）."根据一项研究，在劳拉的国家，每年有超过1300亿磅的未食用的食物被浪费掉，这大约是每年食物供应量的30%。可知，每年有1300亿磅的食物被浪费，这些数字向我们展示了食物浪费严重。故选B。（2）D.细节理解题。根据"Shestartedaprojecttohelpherschooldininghalltogiveawayuneatenfoodtohomelessshelters（庇护所）inhercommunity."她开始了一个项目，帮助她的学校食堂把未吃的食物捐赠给她所在社区的无家可归者收容所。以及"Throughanapp,Feed&Findmatcheslocalhomelessshelterswithschooldininghallsandrestaurantsthathaveuneatenfoodtoprovide."通过一款应用程序，Feed&Find将当地无家可归者收容所与学校食堂和餐厅匹配起来，这些餐厅可以提供没吃完的食物。可知，劳拉的项目是从学校食堂开始。故选D。（3）D.细节理解题。根据"It'snotsurprisingthatpeopleinothercitieshavegotintouchwithLaura,hopingthatshecouldhelpdevelopsimilarprojectsfortheircommunities."其他城市的人们联系劳拉，希望她能为他们的社区开发类似的项目，这并不奇怪。可知，其他城市的人也希望劳拉帮他们开发这样的项目。故选D。（4）D.词义猜测题。根据"Still,thisprojectisacleverwaytohelpsolvetheproblemoffoodwasteandithelpsthoseinneed."尽管如此，这个项目还是一个帮助解决食物浪费问题的聪明方法，它帮助了那些有需要的人。可知it指代的是前文提到的"Theproject"，故选D。（5）B."Still,thisprojectisacleverwaytohelpsolvetheproblemoffoodwasteandithelpsthosein尽管如此，这个项目还是一个帮助解决食物浪费问题的B符合主题，故选B。本文介绍了浪费食物是当今社会一个很大的问题，Laura开发了一个应用可以帮助解决这个问题。在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真观察选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。26~30.【答案】B、A、D、F、E【解析】细节推理题。（1）B."Forbetterorforworse,onlinefooddeliveryserviceshavechangedthewayweB。（2）A."Theycanbuymealsandfoodsmoreeasilywiththese通过这些应用可知说的是对老人的帮助，结合选项，应说它们对老年人也很有用。故选。（3）D.根据后句"First,theymakeiteveneasiertoorderunhealthyfood.首先，他们让订购不健康食品变得更加容易。"可知说的是缺点，结合选项，应说然而，我们不能忘记这些服务的缺点。故选D。（4）F."Asdeliverymenneedtosendtheordersasquicklyaspossible,somepaylittleattentiontotrafficrules.可知说的是安全，结合选项，应说近年来，许多人因此而受伤甚至死亡。故选。（5）E.根据前句"Nexttimeyouarethinkingaboutorderingin,askyourselfwhetheryoureallyneedto.下次你考虑在家点菜时，问问自己是否真的需要。"可知说的是仔细考虑是否需要，结合选项，应说大多数时候，最好买你需要的东西，自己做饭。故选E。在点外卖时我们需要仔细考虑是否真的需要。做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合