中考英语专题《冠词》考点归纳随堂练习

中考英语专题-《冠词》-考点归纳+随堂练习【考点1-不定冠词】不定冠词的用法用法

例句用法例句用于第一次提到的人或物的名称前

Thisisausefulbook.这是一本适用的书。泛指一类人或事物,以差异于其他种类

Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.飞机是一种能飞的机器。泛指某人或某物

Ayoungmaniswaitingforyou.

一位年轻人在等你。用于表示时间、速度、价格等意义的名词前用在序数词前表示“又一,再一”

,表示“每一”

Wegoswimmingthreetimesamonth.我们每个月去游泳三次。Thecakeisdelicious,andI’dlikeasecondone.这个蛋糕很美味

,我想再要一个。固定搭配Takeaphoto照相havealook看一看haveatry试一试haveacold感冒haveawalk闲步havearest休息takeabus乘坐公交车inahurry匆促forawhile一会儿keepadiary记日记haveagood/greattime玩得快乐不定冠词

a和

an的差异a用在以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词或字母前，字母前。常有的以元音音素开头的单词前用a/an

an用在以元音音素开头的单数可数名词或的情况以下：AaEeIiOo

anapple/anartist/anaunt/anAsiancountry/anAmericangirlaEuropeancountry/anegg/anEnglishdictionary/an11-year-oldboyanidea/aninterestingstoryAnoldman/anoutgoinggirl/anorangeanumbrella/ausefulbook/auniversitystudent/aUFO/ausualstory/anuglyman/anuncle/anunhappysmileUu/anunusualday特别记忆：anhour/anhonestman【考点2-定冠词】用法用于双方都知道的人或事物前指一人或事物中特定的人或事物特指的或上文提到的人或物用在世界上独一无二的事物前用在序数或形容的最高前用在与play用的器名称前用在姓氏的复数形式前，表示一家人或夫用于江河、海洋、山脉、群、沙漠等有名前，或由一般名构成的有名从前用在方向名前常搭配

例或例句Givemethebook,please.把那本我。—Doyouknowthegirlingreen?你知道穿衣服的那个女孩？—Sheisourmonitor.她是我的班。Therewasamaninthehotel.Themanlookedverytired.旅里有一个人。那个人看上去很疲。thesun太阳；themoon月亮；theearth地球thefirsttime第一次；theyoungest最年的playthepiano/guitar/violin/drum琴/吉他/拉小提琴/打鼓theGreens格林一家/夫theGreatWall城；theSummerPalace和园；theScienceMuseum科学博物；theFriendshipStore友商店inthesouth在南方；ontheright在右atthesametime同;bytheway便一下;inthepast在去;inthedark在黑暗中;intheway道，碍事;inthedistance在;intheend在最后;intheopenair在外;gotothecinema看影;allthesame依旧;thenumberof⋯⋯的数目【考点3-零冠词】用法例每天三餐、球运、言、学科、棋aftersupper晚后；playfootball踢足球；learnEnglish学英；playchess下国象棋、游等名前与by用的交通工具名称前bytrain乘火；bybus乘公共汽人名、地名等有名前BeijingStreet北京大街日、星期、月份、季前Teacher'Day教；Sunday星期天；January一月；summer夏天名前有物主代、指示代、不定代thisbook本；myson我的儿子；Jack’sbike杰克的自行、疑代或名所有格修onfoot步行；gotoschool去上学；dayandnight夜以日；bymistake地；onholiday常固定搭配在度假athome在家;atfirst/last第一/最后;intime及;handinhand手拉手;onearth终归，终归;indanger在危中【注意】节日前一般不加冠词，但一般我国含有“Festival”的传统节日前要加the。如：theSpringFestival春节。【随堂练习】1.—DoyouknowYeShiwen?—Yes,sheisOlympicswimmingstar.Shestartedswimmingatageofsix.A.an;anB.a;theC.the;anD.an;the2.—DoyouknowRobert?—Yes,heisuniversitystudent.Helikessportsandrunsforhoureverymorning.A.a;aB.a;anC.an;anD.an;a3.JohnoftenreadsEnglishinevening.A.aB.anC.theD./4.YesterdayIsawfilm.Itmovedmedeeply.A.aB.anC.theD./5.Ihadunusualdayonmylastschooltrip.A.aB.anC.theD./6.Theteenagershadgoodtimeinthesummercamplastyear.A.aB.anC.theD./答案：DBCABA一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷1．阅读以下短文，从每题所给的（A、B、C和D）四个选项中选出最正确选项。Whenamanwaswalkingbysomeelephants,hesuddenlystoppedHewonderedwhythesehugeanimalswerebeingheldonlybyasmallropetiedtotheirfrontlegs.Nochains,nocages.Itwasclearthattheelephantscouldbreaktheropeatanytime,butforsonicreason,theydidnot.Hesawatrainernearbyandaskedwhytheanimalsjuststoodthereanddidn'ttrytogetaway."Well,"thetrainersaid,"whentheywereveryyoungandmuchsmaller,weusedthesameropetokeepthemfromrunningaway.Atthatage,it'senoughtoholdthem.Astheygrowup,theyareconditionedtobelievetheycannotbreaktilerope.Theybelieveitcanstillholdthem,sotheynevertrytobreakfree."Themanwassurprised.Theseanimalscouldbreakfleewhenevertheywanted,butbecausetheybelievedtheycouldn't,theywerestuckrightwheretheywere.Howmanyofusgothroughlifeliketheelephants-holdingontothebeliefthatwecannotdosomethingsimplybecausewefailedatitoncebefore?Failureisapartoflearning.Ifwefailedonce,itdoesn'tmeanwecanneversucceed.Ifwetryagainandagain,maybewewillsucceedoneday.Sodon'tbeafraidoffailureandkeepontrying.1）Whydidtheelephantsnevertrytobreaktheropeaftertheygrewup?A.Becausetheylikedbeingtied.B.Becausetheyweretooweaktobreakit.C.Becausetheydidn'twanttobreakit.D.Becausetheythoughttheycouldn'tbreakit.（2）Theunderlinedword"stuck"inParagraph3means"".A.leftB.caughtC.killedD.found3）Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellus?A.Elephantsshouldbesetflee.B.Failurecanhelpussucceed.C.Neverletfailurestopyoufromtryingagain.D.Peopleshouldlookaftertheelephantswell.【答案】（1）D2）B3）C【解析】【解析】本文主要介绍了一个男人看到大象被绳子绑住了一只脚而不逃走，由此惹起对人生的思虑。1）细节题。依照原文提到了Astheygrowup,theyareconditionedtobelievetheycannotbreaktilerope.Theybelieveitcanstillholdthem,sotheynevertrytobreakfree.可知大象小时候被绑住，长大了今后依旧认为绳子可以拴住他们，应选D。2）推断题。依照原文提到了becausetheybelievedtheycouldn't,可知他们认为自己已经被这根绳子困住了，应选B。3）主旨马虎题。依照原文提到了Ifwefailedonce,itdoesn'tmeanwecanneversucceed.Ifwetryagainandagain,maybewewillsucceedoneday.可知作者想告诉我们永远不要被困难打倒，刚毅起来，应选C。【议论】观察阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中搜寻答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，认识马虎此后找出中心思想。2．阅读理解Iwascute,activeandhappyuntilthatdaywhenIwas15monthsold.Ihadabadfall.Ilandedonaglassrabbitandcutoneofmyeyesbadlyenoughtoblindme.Thedoctorsaidthatiftheeyewastakenout,myfacewouldlookworse,somyscaredandblindeyelivesonwithme.Peopleoftenaskmeuncomfortablequestionsaboutmyeyeorevenplayjokesonme.Whenthekidsplayedgames,Iwasalwaysthe"badguy".Everyonelookeddownonme.YeteverytimemomnoticedIwasunhappy,shewouldsaytome,"Holdyourheaduphighandfacetheworld."Ithelpedmemoveoninlife.Asachild,Ithoughtmommeant:"Becarefuloryouwillfalldownorknockintosomethingbecauseyouarenotlooking."Asateenager,Ialwayslookeddowntohidemyshame,butIfoundthatpeoplelikedmewhenIheldmyheaduphigh.InhighschoolIwasevenmademonitor,butoutsideIstillfeltlikeafreak（怪物）.AllIreallywantedwastolooklikeeveryoneelse.Whenthingsgotreallybad,Iwouldcrytomymomandshewouldlookatmewithlovingeyesandsay,"Holdyourheaduphighandfacetheworld.Letthemseethelovethatisinside."Mom'slovegavemeconfidence.FinallyIwasabletolookpeopleintheeye.Ilearnednotonlytoappreciate（欣赏）myselfbutalsotohavedeeploveforothers.1）Whathappenedtothewriterwhenshewas15monthsold?A.Shewasblindinbotheyes.B.Shetriedtocatcharabbitandbrokeherleg.C.Shehadaneyediseaseandwenttoseethedoctor.D.Shefelldownonsomeglassandinjuredoneeye.（2）Peopleweretothewriterwhenshewasyoung.A.unfriendlyB.patientC.helpfulD.polite3）WhichofthefollowingaboutthewriterisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Shecouldunderstandhermother'swordswhenshewasachild.B.Shealwaysheldherheaduphighwhenshewasateenager.C.Shewasconfidentbothinclassandoutsideofhighschool.D.Hermomgaveherconfidenceandfinallyshecouldlookotherpeopleintheeye.（4）Inthepassage,thewriterwantstotellusweshould.A.repayourparents'loveB.learntoacceptandappreciateourselvesC.feelsorryaboutourdisadvantagesD.alwayshavedeeploveforothers【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）D（4）B【解析】【解析】主要讲了作者失明后，妈妈素来激励自己要抬初步面对世界，这给作者很大的自信，妈妈的爱让作者知道不但要欣赏自己，而且也要深爱别人。1）细节题。依照whenIwas15monthsold.Ihadabadfall.Ilandedonaglassrabbitandcutoneofmyeyesbadlyenoughtoblindme.可知作者15个月大时，作者跌倒在玻璃上，以致于眼睛失了然，应选D。2）细节题。依照Peopleoftenaskmeuncomfortablequestionsaboutmyeyeorevenplayjokesonme可知人们问作者眼睛的问题，而且讽刺作者，可知人们对作者是不友好的，故选A。3）细节题。依照Mom'slovegavemeconfidence.FinallyIwasabletolookpeopleintheeye.可知妈妈的爱给了作者信心，而且能用眼睛看人，应选D。（4）细节题。依照Ilearnednotonlytoappreciate（欣赏）myselfbutalsotohavedeeploveforothers.可知我们应该欣赏而且接受自己，应选B。【议论】观察阅读理解，主要观察细节题，注意从文中仔细搜寻答案。3．阅读理解NowsomewomenarespendingaweekendatMother'sCamp(阵营).There,husbandsandchildrenarenotallowed.Whywouldawomanwanttotakeavacationwithoutherfamily?Somewomensaytheyneedtimetobealone.AtMother'sCampawomanhasroomforherself.Shecansleep,readorwatchTV,andnoonewillbotherher.Nochildrenwillask,“Mom,what'sfordinner?”Nohusbandwillsay,can'tfindanycleansocks.”Infactalmost50%ofwomenintheUnitedStatesworkoutsidethehome.Manyofthemworkfull-timeandthencomehomeforasecondjob—takingcareoftheir

“homesandfamilies.Theseworkingwomensayoneoftheirbiggestproblemsishousework.IntheUnitedStates,workingwivesdoabout75%ofthehousework.Manyoftheirhusbandssaytheywanttohelp.Butthentheyburnthericeortheycan'tfindthepans.Theyasksomanyquestionsthattheirwivesdecideitiseasiertodothejobthemselves.SomewomengotoMother'sCampjusttogetabreakfromhousework.Fortwodaystheydon'tcook,theydon'tcleanandtheydon'tlookaftertheirchildrenandhusbands.Whatdotheydo?Theyenjoywarm,sunnyweather,walking,swimmingorboatinginaclearbluelakeandsingsongsaroundthecampfire.Theyrelaxawayfromhome.TheyhaveareallywonderfulvacationatMother'sCamp.1）Fromthispassagewecansee________intheUnitedStates.A.womenwanttoworkoutsidethehomeB.workingwivesdomostofthehouseworkC.husbandsdoasmuchhouseworkastheirwivesD.womendonotliketostayathomewiththeirfamilies2）AtMother'sCamp,womencan't_______.A.watchTVB.readnewspapersC.swiminthelakeD.bringtheirhusbandsandchildren3）Whywouldsomemothersliketobealone?Because_____.A.theydon'tliketheirhusbandsandchildrenB.theyhavetoworkfull-timeC.theyaretoobusytorelaxthemselvesD.theywantanewlife4）________isoneofthebiggesttroublesforworkingwivesintheUnitedStates.A.HouseworkB.WorkingoutsidethehomeC.WhentotakeavacationD.Lookingaftertheirchildren（5）What'sthebesttitleofthispassage?A.BusyWorkingMothers

B.HowtoBuyGiftsforMothersC.MothersRelaxAwayFromHome

D.MothersintheUS【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）C（4）A（5）C【解析】【解析】文章马虎：本文介绍了美国一些工作的母亲参加“妈妈阵营”从家务中解脱出来，放松一下。1）推理判断题。依照IntheUnitedStates,workingwivesdoabout75%ofthehousework.可知美国工作的妻子做大部分家务，应选B。（2）推理判断题。依照NowsomewomenarespendingaweekendatMother'sCamp(阵营).There,husbandsandchildrenarenotallowed.可知在“妈妈阵营”妇女不带他们的丈夫和孩子，应选D。3）推理判断题。依照SomewomengotoMother'sCampjusttogetabreakfromhousework.和Theyrelaxawayfromhome.可知一些母亲喜欢单独待着是因为他们因为太忙了而没有时间放松，应选C。（4）细节理解题。依照Theseworkingwomensayoneoftheirbiggestproblemsishousework.可知在美国关于工作的妻子来说，最大的麻烦是家务，应选A。（5）标题归纳题。本文介绍了一些工作的母亲参加“妈妈阵营”从家务中解脱出来，放松一下，应选C。【议论】对阅读理解能力的测试是英语考试中必不可以少的测试项目，主要观察学生关于不同样体裁或不同样题材语言资料的理解能力，以及经过资料的阅读，对资料中信息的捕获能力。首先对原文资料迅速阅读，掌握全文的主旨马虎。因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息资料。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的马虎此后，细细阅读每篇资料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去搜寻、捕获相关信息。要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性。关于捕获到的信息，要做仔细解析，仔细商酌，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。4．阅读理解Whatproblemsdotheteenagersprobablyhave？Hereisasurveyshowingtheirmainproblems：ProblemsCausesAdviceFeelingToomuchhomework.Don'tMakeaplanforstudyandhobbies.Findstressedhaveenoughtimefortheirtimetorelaxaspossibleasyoucan.hobbies.GettingToomuchhomework.BadDohomeworkandreadinacorrectway.shortsightedreadingandwritinghabits.FightsDon'tknowhowtogetonMakemorefriendsandunderstandeachwellwithclassmates.other.Shareyourproblemswiththem.FeelingtiredComputergames'badDon'tbecrazyaboutcomputergames.ofstudyinfluence.Playthemjustforashorttimewhenyouwanttorelax.GettingfatHavealotofpocketmoneyUseyourpocketmoneytodosomethingtobuysnacks.Dislikedoingmeaningful.Spendsometimedoingexerciseexercise.everyday.1）Whatproblemsarecausedbytoomuchhomework?（2）IfSimonisfeelingstressed,heshould.A.domuchmorehomeworkD.buysomesnacks（3）Peteristiredofstudy,maybebecausehe.A.hasnoclosefriendsB.hasnopocketmoneyC.playstoomanycomputergamesD.getsfatterandfatter4）isagoodwayforteenagerstostopfights.A.DoinglesshomeworkB.PlayingcomputergamesC.LearninghowtomakefriendsD.Payingnoattentiontoeachother【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）C（4）C【解析】【解析】主要讲了关于青少年可能有的问题的一项检查结果。（1）细节题。依照FeelingstressedToomuchhomework.Don'thaveenoughtimefortheirhobbies.GettingshortsightedToomuchhomework.Badreadingandwritinghabits.可知太多的作业会以致感觉有压力和变近视，应选C。2）细节题。依照第一行AdviceMakeaplanforstudyandhobbies.可知拟定学习和爱好计划，应选B。3）细节题。依照FeelingtiredofstudyComputergames'badinfluence.可知厌恶学习的原因是电脑的坏的影响，应选C。4）细节题。依照FightsMakemorefriendsandunderstandeachother.可知交更多的朋友和相互理解可以阻拦打架，应选C。【议论】观察阅读理解，主要观察细节题，注意从文中仔细搜寻答案。5．阅读理解Weallknowthatmanywomenliketoweardresses.Theyenjoymanykindsofcolourfulandpopulardresses.Buthaveyoueverheardofa4Ddress?JessicaRosenkrantzintheUSAused3Dprintingtechnologytomakeaveryspecialandnewdress.Itwillhelpwiththeproblemsofdifferentstylesofwomen'sdresses.Thedressmakercalledthespecialdressa"4Ddress"".Itislikethefabric(织物).Itcanturnintodifferentkindsofshapes.Thecompany,inMassachusetts,theUSA,alsomadeasmartphoneandanapp(应用).Theycanhelpwomentocontroltheirdresses.Ifwomenusethephoneandtheapp,theycanchangethecolour,thestyleandmanyotherthingsofthedresses.Isn'titveryinteresting?Whenshetalkedaboutherwork,Jessicasaid,"Therewillbemanymorechangeabledressesforwomeninthefuture.Iaminterestedinmakingthemtoo,Ican'twaittomakedifferentkindsofnewdressesforwomen."1）Whatwillthe4Ddressdoforwomen?A.Itwillmakewomenrelaxthemselvesalot.B.Itwillturnintodifferentstylesforwomen.C.Itwillhelpwomenkeepthinandbeautiful.D.Itwillhelpwomenfindgoodjobseasily.2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"It"inthepassa