2019年山东省临沂市中考英语真题试卷(解析版)

1、CAD1.2.3.4.5.（二）听对话和问题,CAD1.2.3.4.5.（二）听对话和问题,2019年临沂市初中学业水平考试试题【精品】英语第I卷（选择题）、听力测试注意：听力测试分四部分，共 20小题。做题时，请先将打案画在试卷上。录音内容结束后,将所选答案转涂到答题卡上。（一）听句子，选择与句子内容相对应的图片。每个句子读两遍。根据所听内容，选择最佳答案。对话和问题都读两遍。6. A. To do business.To visit her friends.To study medicine.7. A. Sallys.B. Alans.C. Dannys.8. A. Some chicke

2、n.B. Some sandwiches.C. Some fish.9. A. He will go to the park.9. A. He will go to the park.He will prepare for a party. C. He will take an exam.10. A. At home.B. On the playground.C. In the library“A“A袈示，不正确的用“B袈示。（三）听短文，根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误，正确的用短文读两遍。听短文前，你们有 20秒钟的时间阅读下列句子。Helen Thayer was the first wo

3、man who walked to the North Pole （ 北极）alone.Helen was born in the United States.Helen had a dream to walk to the North Pole alone when she was forty.On her journey, Helen walked 345 miles in freezing weather conditions.Once, seven polar bears （北极熊）wanted to eat Helen. Luckily, she saved herself.请考生们

4、翻到第 7 页，先找到第四大题。你们将有5 秒钟的准备时间。二、单项填空选择最佳答案。1.Berlin is capital of Germany.A. /B. aC. the【答案】 C【解析】【详解】 句意： 柏林是德国的首都。 A 选型是零冠词， a 是不定冠词， 常翻译为 “一个 ” ， the 表示特指。 capitalof Germany 德国的首都，是特指，所以用定冠词 the, 故选 C 。2.In the world, more than 30% of schools do not provide safe drinking water about 570 million c

5、hildren.A. withB. forC. towards【答案】 B【解析】【详解】 句意： 在世界上， 超过 30%的学校没有为大约5.7亿儿童提供安全的饮用水。 provide sth for sb/ providesb with sth, 为某人提供某物，这是固定搭配。根据句子结构，这里用到短语provide sth for sb , 故选 B 。【点睛】 offer 和 provide 的用法区别：这两个单词都表示提供，但是他们的搭配不同， offer 的短语是 offer sb sth 或者 offer sth to sb ；而 provide 的 短语是 provide sb

6、 with sth 或者 prvide sth for sb 。3.If I leave my house at 9 oclock and drive to the airport, Ill arrive at about 11. So its about two drivefrom my house to the airport.A. hoursB. hoursC. hours【答案】 A【解析】【详解】句意：如果我9 点离开家，开车去机场，大约 11 点到。所以从我家到机场大约要两个小时的车程。的， hours 的所有格直首先两小时two hours, 这里表示开车两个小时“的”距离，所以

7、要用所有的， hours 的所有格直接在后面加A。接在后面加.- Im getting hungry. Do you know where we can get some good food?- Of course! There a restaurant around the comer.A. will beB. wasC. is【答案】 C【解析】【详解】句意： 我饿了。你知道在哪能买到好食物吗？ 当然！拐角处有一家餐馆。A 选项是一般将来时的there be句型，B选项是一般过去时的there be句型，C选项是一般现在时的there be句型；根据句意这里是一般现在时，故选 C 。.A

8、recent survey shows that 44 percent of Americans want to use self-driving cars, 34 percent believethat they will make the roads mote dangerous.A. althoughB. becauseC. if【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：最近的一项调查显示， 44% 的美国人希望使用自动驾驶的汽车，尽管 34% 的人认为这会使道路变得危险。although虽然，because因为，if如果；根据前后句意可知，这里表示让步，即虽然，尽管，故 选 A。.Tennis

9、can exercise all of our muscles （肌肉 ） . And it requires to spend time with others. This is good forour health too.A. oursB. usC. we【答案】 B【解析】【详解】句意：网球可以锻炼我们所有的肌肉，它要求我们花时间和别人在一起练习，这对我们的健康也有好处。ours是名词性物主代词；us是宾格；we我们，是主格；空格在动词 require的后面，作require的 宾语，所以用宾格，表示 “需要我们 ” ，故选 B。.Ants are pretty small. You

10、might think that they be rather weak. But what you might not know is thatants are actually very strong for their size.A. needB. cantC. mustA. needB. cantC. must【解析】是，蚂蚁的体型其实非常强壮。【详解】句意：蚂蚁很小，你可能认为它们一定很软弱，但你可能不知道是，蚂蚁的体型其实非常强壮。need 意思是需要； can t 表示否定推测； must 表示肯定推测；根据句意，表示 “他们肯定很虚弱” ，所以是肯定推测，故选C。【点睛】表示推

11、测的词：must be表示对现在的肯定推测；can t b表示对现在的否定推测；may/might/ couldbe 是对现在的可能性推测。8.Left-behind childrensee their parents, because their parents work in the cities, leaving them behind inC. OftenH、“留守”儿童很少见到他们的父母，因为他们的父母在城市工作，把他们留在.由他们 卞T 8.Left-behind childrensee their parents, because their parents work in th

12、e cities, leaving them behind inC. OftenH、“留守”儿童很少见到他们的父母，因为他们的父母在城市工作，把他们留在.由他们 卞T the countryside to be cared for by their grandparents.A. always【详解】句意:的祖父母照顾。所以可以推测B. hardly ever很少 ”见到父母，故选 B 。.Around the world, 300 million tons of plastic each year, ofwhich about 10 percent ends up in the sea.A.

13、 is createdB. was createdC. creates【答案】 A【解析】【详解】句意：在世界各地，每年都有300万的塑料是被创造，其中大约百分之十都流向了大海。create创造，根据句意，塑料 “被 ”创造，因为是 “每年 ”所以是一般现在时，故是一般现在时的被动语态，故选 A 。.Roy works in London. It him about halfan hour to get to work by bus every day.B. spendsC. takesA. costsB. spendsC. takes【答案】 C【详解】 句意： 罗伊在伦敦工作， 他每天乘公

14、共汽车上班大约要半个小时。 cost 花费， 主语一般是物； spend花费钱或时间，主语是人；take花费时间，其句型为it takes sb some time to do sth；此句根据空前的it,及后面的 to do 不定式，可以看出用到 take 的句型，故选 C。.Cathy sold some of her things in a yard sale and the money to a childrens home.A. gave awayB. gave upC. gave out【答案】 A【解析】【详解】句意：凯茜在一次庭院拍卖会上卖掉了一些东西，把钱捐给了一个儿童之家。

15、 give away 捐赠， giveup 放弃， give out 分发；根据句意，表示把钱 “捐赠 ”给了儿童之家，故选 A 。.Melting ice （ 融冰 ） can cause sea levels to rise. Since 1993, sea levels at a speed of 3.2 cm every 10years.A. roseB. have risenC. rise【答案】 B【解析】【详解】句意：融冰会导致海平面上升，自 1993 年以来，海平面以每10 年 3.2 厘米的速度上升。根据句子中的 since 自从， 可知动作发生在过去， 一直持续到现在， 并

16、有可能一直持续下去， 符合现在完成时的定义，完成时结构：主语+ have/has +过去分词，故选B。.A break between classes is a good time for students to play sports and talk with their classmates. So it helps with students health, improves their social skills.A. either; orB. neither; norC. not only; but also【答案】 C【解析】【详解】句意：课间休息是学生进行体育活动和与同学交谈的

17、好时机，因此，它不仅有助于学生的健康，而且提高了他们的社交技能。either。或者.或者.； neither .n既不.也不；not only.but als亦仅.而且；根据句意，课间休息对学生的健康和社交技能都有帮助，故这里表示“不仅而且”，故选 C 。Peppa Pig （小猪佩奇） is a British cartoon has been popular in China and is much loved by littlechildren and their parents.A. whoB. whichC. /【答案】 B【解析】【详解】句意： 小猪佩奇是一部在中国很受欢迎的英国动

18、画片， 深受幼儿和父母的喜爱。 根据句子结构，空后部分是作定语修饰British cartoon, 所以是定语从句。先行词是British cartoon, 是物，故选 B 。【点睛】定语从句中常见的关系代词的用法：which ：引导从句 , 先行词指事物，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语；that ：引导从句 , 先行词指人或事物，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语；who ：引导从句 , 先行词指人，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语；whom ：引导从句 , 先行词指人，在从句中作宾语；whose ：引导从句 , 先行词指人，在从句中作定语。Are babies carefree （无忧无虑 ）? An

19、ew study from the US says that 2-year-old babies care aboutA. how other saw themB. how do others see themC. how others see them【答案】 C【解析】【详解】句意：婴儿是否无忧无虑？美国的一项新研究表明， 2 岁的婴儿关心别人如何看待他们。根据句子结构，这是宾语从句，所以疑问句要用陈述句语序，故排除 B;另外“研究表明 这是一般现在时，故选 C。三、阅读理解ADo you often listen to music at loud volumes （ 音量 ）? You

20、should know that this habit is bad for your hearing.Over 1 billion young people are at risk of hearing loss （ 听力丧失 ） ,because of listening to loud noise for long periods of time. Listening to music or watching a TV show at loud volumes can harm your hearing.The United Nations has standards for safe

21、listening. It is not safe to listen to sounds that are louder than 85 dB （分贝 ） for eight hours or 100 dB for 15 minutes. The sound of a busy road is about 85 dB and the sound of a rock concert can be about 100 dB.Loud noise is harmful to the inner ear . Most of us are bon with about 16,000 hair cell

22、s （ 听毛细胞 ） in our inner ears. These cells notice sounds. However, listening to loud noise for a long time can make these cells work too hard and cause some of them to die. This is what causes hearing loss. Once this happens, its hard to get your hearing back.Some people might think that their music

23、isnt all that loud. But this can depend on where you are. For example, if you are in a noisy place like the subway, you might turn up your music too loud without realizing it. Later, when you listen to it at the same volume in a quiet place, you alight feel uncomfortableThe safe level for most sound

24、 is below 80 dB for up to 40 hours a week. A level of 80 dB is about equal to （ 相 当于 ） the noise of a subway.Here is some advice on safe listening. Over-the-ear headphones （头戴式耳机） are better than in-ear ones. Theydo a better job of stopping outside noise, so you can listen at a lower volume. Dont li

25、sten to loud music on your headphones for a long time. Follow the 60:60 rule: listen to music at 60 percent of your headphones maximum volume for no more than 60 minutes a day.根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误。正确的用“A表示，不正确的用“B表示。It is safe to listen to sounds that are louder than 100 dB for 15 minutesListening to lou

26、d noise for a long time can cause some hair cells in the inner ear to die.From the fourth paragraph, we know people dont always realize how loud their music is.In-ear headphones are better than over-the-eat ones because they can stop more outside noise.This article mainly tells us why ears are an im

27、portant part of our bodies.【答案】16. B17. A18. A19. BB【解析】本文主要讲述了长时间听大音量的音乐会对我们的听力造成伤害。【16 题详解】根据第一段t is not safe to listen to sounds that are louder than 85 dB 分贝（） for eight hours or 100 dB for 15 minutes.听 8 小时大于 85 分贝（分贝）或15 分钟大于 100 分贝的声音是不安全的。所以此句和原文是矛盾的，故用B 表示。17 题详解】根据第二段However, listening to

28、loud noise for a long time can make these cells work too hard and cause some ofthem to die. 然而，长时间听大噪音会使这些细胞工作得太辛苦，导致其中一些细胞死亡。所以此句和原文 是一致的，故用 A 表示。【18 题详解】根据第四段For example, if you are in a noisy place like the subway, you might turn up your music too loud withoutrealizing it. 比如当你在地铁的时候，你可能会把你的音乐调得太

29、大而没有意识到。所以当人们在比较嘈杂的环境时，可能不能意识到音乐的声音有多大，故此题说法和原文一致，故用 A 表示。【19 题详解】根据原文 Over-the-ear headphones （头戴式耳机） are better than in-ear ones. They do a better job of stoppingoutside noise,可知头戴式耳麦比耳麦好，它们在阻止外界噪音方面做得更好。故此句说法和原文是相反的， 故用 B 表示。【 20 题详解】通过阅读全文可知，本文主要讲了长时间听大音量的音乐会对听力造成伤害，而并没有讲为什么耳朵是我们身体的重要组成部分，此选项错误，

30、故用 B 表示。BDo you want to improve your physics and chemistry grades? Well, maybe you should first learn something about the struggles （奋斗 ） of great scientists.The American Psychological Association did an interesting study. More than 400 students from schools in New York City took part in it. The stu

31、dents were divided into three groups. Group 1 read a typical textbook that describes the achievements of great scientists. Group 2 read about those scientists personal struggles. For example, as a Jew, Einstein （ 爱因斯坦 ） ran away from Nazi Germany to avoid persecution （ 迫害 ）. The last group read abou

32、t the scientists intellectual struggles, such as Marie Curies failed scientific tests. These stories about struggles also told students how the scientists dealt with these obstacles 障碍 ） .The students took a science exam before the study. After the six-week study, they took another. Scientists found

33、 those in Groups 2 and 3 improved their science grades. Students in Group 1 didnt see a grade increase. Some of them even had lower grades after the study.The study was led by Xiaodong Lin-Siegler, a teacher at Columbia University. According to Xiaodong, kids often think Einstein was truly intellige

34、nt. They believe they will never match him.Many of them fail to realize that any success requires a long journey. Along the way, there are many failures 失 败）.Students who read the struggle stories more probably said that great scientists were like themselves. The great minds also had to overcome obs

35、tacles to achieve success.Xiaodong says todays science textbooks fail to bring science to life. As a result, students seldom regard science as part of their everyday lives. Instead, they just see a long list of facts that they have to remember. Xiaodong thinks textbooks should include more stories a

36、bout how great scientists had to struggle to succeed. And students should focus more on how these scientists dealt with the obstacles they met along the way.根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。According to the article, students can improve their physics and chemistry grades by.reading the achievements of great scientists

37、 more carefullylistening more carefully to their physics and chemistry teacherslearning about how great scientists dealt with their obstaclesAll of the students who took part in the study.were interested in physics and chemistrywent to school in New York Citywanted to improve their physics and chemi

38、stry gradesAndy Hunt was one of the students who took part in the study. According to his report card, he was probably a member of.Andy HuntClass 2, Grade 9Physics2018.4-9862018-5-22 79A. Group 1B. Group 2C. Group 3In Paragraph Four, the word match means in Chinese.A. 满足B. A. 满足B. 比得上C. 配对Xiaodong L

39、in-Siegler thinks science textbooks should .tell students directly that Einstein was born a common manmake the long lists of facts 山 at students have to remember more interestinginclude more stories about how great scientists had to struggle to succeed【答案】 21. C 22. B 23. A 24. B 25. C【解析】本文通过研究表明，学

40、生们不仅要学习科学家成功的故事，更应该多学习这些伟大的科学家是如何和困难作斗争而最终取得成功的。21 题详解】细节理解题。根据原文Scientists found those in Groups 2 and 3 improved their science grades.第二组和第三组学生提高了他们的科学成绩，而这两组都是读的关于科学家是如何和困难做斗争，克服困难的，结合选项故选 C。22 题详解】细节理解题。 根据第二段The American Psychological Association did an interesting study. More than 400 students

41、from schools in New York City took part in it. 可知所有参加研究活动的学生都来自纽约，故 B 正确，而 A,C 选 项都没有提到，故选 B 。23 题详解】推理判断题。根据卡片内容，他的物理成绩并没有得到提高，反而下降，根据文中 Students in Group 1 didntsee a grade increase. Some of them even had lower grades after the study可以推测他可能来自第1 组，故选 A。24 题详解】词义猜测题。结合单词所在的句子According to Xiaodong, k

42、ids often think Einstein was truly intelligent. Theybelieve they will never match him.孩子们认为爱因斯坦真的很聪明，他们认为他们永远没办法.他，根据句意，这里 match 意思是 “比得上 ”，故选 B 。25 题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段students should focus more on how these scientists dealt with the obstacles they metalong the way.可知晓东认为学生们不仅仅要学习科学家成功的故事，而且要更多地学习他们是如何

43、克服困难的，结合选项故选 C 。C根据短文内容.从方框中选出恰当的单词或短语填空，使语意通顺完整。第一个方框供41-45小题选用，第二个方框供46-50小题选用。每个选项只能便用一次，每框有一项剩余。A. come true B. everything C. as soon as D. richest E. finger F. nothingMany years ago, there was a Greek king named Midas. King Midas loved gold very much. He had more gold than any other king in the

44、 world , but he still wanted more.One day, a beautiful fairy （仙子）came to his palace. Midas, you are the 26 man in the world, said the fairy. Yes, said the king, but I want more gold because gold is the most wonderful thing in the world! Your wish will 27, said the fairy. From tomorrow morning, you c

45、an turn everything you touch into gold.King Midas got up very early the next morning. He wanted to see if his wish had really come true. He touched his bed with his 28 and the bed was turned into gold. The king was wild with joy. He ran around his palace and touched everything he saw. Everything was

46、 turned into gold!The king felt hungry after running around for a long time. He decided to have his breakfast. However, 29 he touched a bowl of milk, the bowl, together with the milk in it, was turned into gold. Whats more, the bread and the meat were also turned into gold when he touched them. In t

47、he end, the poor king ate 30 .A. wonderful B. terrible C. with D. daughters E. right away F. rushedKing Midas was sitting hungrily at the dinner table when his little daughter ran to him. He hugged her and the little gal became a gold statue （雕塑）31. The king felt afraid. Fairy, he shouted, take away

48、 this 32gift! Give me back my little gal!In a moment, the fairy was standing before him. Do you still think that gold is the greatest thing in the world? asked the fairy No, no! cried the king. I have learned my lesson! Very well, said the fairy. There is a spring 像） in the garden. Sprinkle （洒）thing

49、s that you have touched 33 the water from the spring.The king 34 to the spring. He ran back with a bottle of water and sprinkled the water on his35 head. Soon, the little girl came to life. He then sprinkled his breakfast. To his great joy, it turned back to real bread and meat!【答案】26. D【答案】26. D27.

50、 A TOC o 1-5 h z 28. E29.C30. F31.E32. B33.CF35.D【解析】【分析】国王认为金子是世界上最好的东西，虽然他拥有了很多金子，但是想拥有更多，所以他找到了仙女，仙女答应帮他实现愿望，他所触摸到的一切东西都变成了金子，包括食物和他的女儿。这时他很后悔，又一次找到仙女，通过此事，仙女让他认识到了世界上最好的东西并不是金子。26 题详解】根据前文 He had more gold than any other king in the world 他比世界上其它任何一个国王都有更多的黄金，所以是世界上最富有的人，是最高级，故填richest ，故选D。27 题

51、详解】句意：“你的愿望会实现的，”仙女说。根据后文From tomorrow morning, you can turn everything you touchinto gold. 从明天开始你所接触到的一切都很变成金子，可以推测仙女答应他实现愿望，故这里表示 “实现 ” ，故选 A 。28 题详解】句意：他用手指摸了摸床，床就变成了金子。根据句子中的动词 “touch触摸，所以是用手去触摸，故选 E。29 题详解】句意：然而，他一碰到一碗牛奶，碗里的牛奶就变成了金子。根据句子结构，这里需要一个连词，来连接两个句子，结合选项，故用 as soon as表示 .就，故选C。30 题详解】句意：

52、最后，可怜的国王什么也没吃。根据前文描述所有他触摸到的东西都变成了金子，包括吃的面包，肉也变成了金子，所以他什么都没吃到，所以用 nothing , 故选 F。【 31 题详解】句意：他拥抱了她，小女孩立刻变成了一尊金像（雕刻） 。此句句子结构是完整的，所以需要副词，结合句意，表示 “立刻，马上” ，故选 E 。【 32 题详解】句意：“仙女，”他喊道，“把这个可怕的礼物拿走！把我的小姑娘还给我！”修饰名词 gift, 所以需要形容词，根据语境，仙女给他的这个礼物竟然把女儿也变成了金子，所以是可怕的，故选句意：“仙女，”他喊道，“把这个可怕的礼物拿走！把我的小姑娘还给我！”Bo【33题详解】B

53、o句意：用泉水洒下你接触过的东西。根据句意，这里表示用，且需要介词短语作方式状语，所以用with,故 选Co【34题详解】句意：国王冲向春天。在主语后，所以需要填动词，仙女给他说了方法之后，他很迫切地想把女儿变回来， 所以是冲向”泉水，故选F。【35题详解】句意：他拿着一瓶水跑回来，把水洒在女儿的头上。结合后文the little girl came to life.所以是洒在他女儿的头上，所以是 his daughter s he a做选D。【点睛】本文属于故事类，比较易于理解，首先浏览短文，了解文章大意。填空时要结合句意及前后文语境，还要学会分析句子结构，判断所需要填的词性，这样可以缩小选

54、词的范围。例如第2小题，在will的后面，那么一定会是动词或动词短语，再结合句意，表示梦想实现，故填come true。DWe have found plastic in the ocean and in animals like birds, fish and whales. But for the first time, scientists have found plastic in human poop （ 大便）,USA Today reported. The findings came from a study led by scientists from Environment

55、Agency Austria 36 The volunteers wrote down what they ate for a week and then provided a stool sample （大便样本）for testing.37 About 20 small plastic particles （IM） were found in every 10 grams （ 克）of stool. The smallest plastic particles can enter the blood, the lymphatic system, and may even reach the

56、 liver （月干脏 工said Philipp Schwabl, who took part in the research. 38 They re not sure how the plastic got in the volunteers bodies,either. But most of the volunteers said they drank from plastic bottles and also ate seafood that could include plastic from ocean pollution.In fact, plastic is everywhe

57、re around us. Every year, lots of plastic waste goes into the ocean. 39 Most of the particles stay in the ocean. Others can spread into the soil. and air. Could plastic in the air fall onto food and get into the human body?Some past studies may also give us a clue.一40And even some drinking water has

58、 been found to have tiny plastic particles in it.根据短文内容从方框中选出五个句子填入文中空缺处使短文内容通顺完整。There, sunlight and waves （海浪）break the plastic waste down to very small pieces.The scientists are sure that the plastic must be harmful to humans.According to USA Today, 90% of sea salt which is sold in the world incl

59、udes plastic.The scientists followed eight healthy volunteers from different parts of the world.However, the scientists arent sure if the plastic is harmful to humans.Scientists found nine different kinds of plastic in the stool samples, according to the study.【答案】36. D 37. F38. E 39. AC【解析】【分析】我们在一

60、些海洋动物中发现了塑料，而且最近科学家在人类粪便中也发现了塑料。为此科学家对一些志愿者做了实验，证明确实人体中含有塑料，并说明了塑料是如何进入海洋动物和人体的。 【36题详解】根据后文The volunteers wrote down what they ate for a week既然这里提到志愿者，所以是科学家们对一些志愿者们进行了研究，结合选项这和D选项“科学家们跟踪了来自世界各地的八名健康志愿者”内容是一致的，故选D。【37题详解】因为前文提到了科学家对8名志愿者进行了研究，所以这里要对研究结果进行说明，所以F根据这项研究,科学家在粪便样本中发现了九种不同塑料”，是研究结果，故选 F。