lecture课文参考译文

1、Book FourUnit 这些显然都是技术降低了人们感的几个方面。然而，技术对人们的感最重要的影响是在医疗 80感觉就越好。，前，绝大多数人还过着龌龊 、畜生般的生活，而且生命非常短暂。技术改变了这种状况，至少对于富裕国家的人们来说是如此。 在该为医疗费用的提高和没有参加保险的人们的问题而担忧的同时，也应该记住，医疗技术带给 身体上和精神上的好处是多么有价11 从更深的层次上说，在健康和长寿方面所取得的进步却强调了在国家和全球层面问题的一个自相的说法。即使人们不会更，即使他们更加富裕并拥有技术，他们还会像以前那样渴望长寿。这就像那个古老的笑话一样：食品也许并不好，可都想让自己得到的那一份尽G

2、ood Usage (Para. 1) per capitatripledfrom1950to2000 Life expectancy soared. at the same timeturned into Good Usage (Para.2) bymoststandards are better offinthemiddleofthelastcentury overthecourseoftheirworkingGoodUsage (Para.aneternal theadventoftheIndustrialRevolution when it came toat wasstronglyc

3、orrelatedGoodUsage (Para.beclosea universal sense of well-beingwereindistinguishableGood Usage (Para.5) takeitfranted at workit turns out came alongGood Usage (Para. 6) food or illcome to mind GoodUsage (Para.disruptsrelationshipsandfracturescommunity is chiefly responsible forfurtherisolatespeoplef

4、romwhatisoftencalled“therealGoodUsage (Paras.8-for certaintendbe stuck with inotherwords werebuiltfromtheveryGoodUsage (Para.anannoyingsenseofdisappointment sense of well-beingin the field of the vast majority of people therisingcostofhealthcare as well asGoodUsage (Para.on adeeper on a national or

5、a global level ashungryaseverformoretimeThefoodmaynotbesogreat,butwewanttheportionstobeasbigasKeyWordsandExpressionsforTextA boom n.a(periodof)rapidgrowthorincrease 繁荣（时期，迅速增长（期e.g.Thebigtaxcutsfuelledaconsumerboominthe Wehavetorealizethattheeconomicboomin90sisover productivity Uthe rateofproducingg

6、oods,cropsetcthe relationshipbetween theamountthatisproduced and the work, money, etc., that is needed to produce it 生产力；生产率，生产效率e.g.Hehasinventedanewproductionmethod,whichimprovesproductivityby10%. Productivity in the digital industry improved by 15% last year.atthesame e.g.Atthegoodnewsshelaugheda

7、ndcriedatthesameThecelebrationswereheldatthesametimeinbigcitiesalloverthebebetterbeinamoresatisfactoryordesirablesituation较自在；较幸运；较e.g. With a substantial cut inetax,allwage-earnersarebetteroffnowthanbefore. I feel better off living in a farm house in the countryside.formalesptech(ofwordsorastyleofw

8、ritingorspeaking)suitableforofficialoccasionsseriouswriting,etc.,but not for ordinary conversation 尤术语规范的；语要求的；正规的，正式的；公文的ernmentreportsareusuallywritteninformalWeshouldbeformalonbusinessoccasions,andnevercallanyoneby formaldress surveyageneralexaminationorstudy(ofconditionsopinionsetc.),esp.carried

9、out byaskingpeoplequestions调e.g.IwasstoppedinthestreetbyangamarketingTherecentsurveyfoundthatstudentswantedtospendmoretimepracticingspeakinginCF: inquiry,investigation&这些名词均有“”之意*Out of curiosity, she made inquiries about the guy who dated her sister. *Aninvestigationbyairlineofficialshasshownthatth

10、ecrashwascaused byhumanerror. survey 多指为写报告而进行的测验或。例如：*Thisreportwasbasedonasurveyourgroupcarriedoutinthepasttwoinmostcasesusually e.g. Oage, men still earn more than women in our society. Adults in our country smoke oagefivecigaretteseveryday.critic rson who gives judgments about the good and bad q

11、ualities of sth., esp. art, music, fietcesp.sb. who does this as a job （尤指文学、艺术）评论家，批评家e.g.Thecriticsreviewoftheplaycontainsjustashortparagraphofdisapproval. The movie has been well received by the critics.这部赢得评论家们的好评adventthearrivalorcomingof(animportantevent,period,invention,etc.)（事件、时期、发明等的）出现，来e

12、.g.Peoplearemuchbetterinformed sincetheadventUptonow,historianshaveassumedthatcalendarscameintobeingwiththeadventofprosperity Ugoodfortuneandsuccessespinmoneymatterse.g. The newernment is expected to usher inriodofeconomicprosperity. A closed economy will not put a country on the way to prosperity.w

13、henitcomeswhenitconcerns当提到e.g.Whenitcomestopolitics,IjustfeelAtthepressconference,whenitcametoallife,themoviestaralwayskeptclosealmost;nearlye.g.Thepopulationofthecityisclosetoonemillionnow. He came close to losing his temper.universaloforforeveryoneoreverything;wide-spread;general普遍的，一般e.g.Problem

14、ssuchashighbloodpressureareauniversalfeatureofoldage. Weather is a subject of almost universal interest.天气是普遍感的话题phenomenon (plphenomenaafact,event,typeofbehavior,etc.,thatexistsandcanbeexperiencedbythesenses,esp. one that is unusual and / or of scientific interest （尤指不寻常或具科学性的）现象e.g.Internationalte

15、rrorismisnotjustarecentAthoroughunderstandingofmathematicshelpsexplainawiderangeofnaturalmakenonotmatteratalle.g.Pricesmakenodifferencetohimbecausehereallywantstopurchaseanew-modelcarforherdaughter as a birthday present.Itmakesnodifferencetomewhetheryougoorfoodorwhethertheresultsaregood orbad e.g.He

16、alwaysgoesinforvariouscompetitions,foodorill. I would find her out by any means, food or etomakeone)suddenlythinkof e.g.Duringthestayinmyhometown,childhoodmemorieskeptcomingtomind. At sight of this picture, what is thething that comes to your mind?gradualhappeningordeveloslowlyandbydegrees;notsudden

17、逐渐的，逐步e.g.Thecartbeganitsgradual climbuptheThegradualrecoveryisencouragingnotonlytothepatient buttothedoctorsasisolationU the act of kee apart or separating from others; the quality or condition of being kept apart or separated from others 隔绝，孤立，e.g.Hechosetoliveincompleteisolationinthecountryafterr

18、etirement. The patients need to be kept in isolation for a few days.这些需要被几天similarly asissimilare.g.Thesonfollowedhisfathersexampleand,similarly,thedaughtermodeledherselfonhermother. Men must wear a jacket and tie; similarly, women must wear a skirt or dress, not trousers.fore.g.Idontknowforcertainw

19、hat IwillbeafterTaxationisforcertaingoingtobethekeyissuetos bestuckhaveordealwithsth.unwantedunwillinglye.g.Willyouhelpmewiththismathematicalproblem?Imstuckwithit. We were stuck with him for the entire journey.buildmake(sth.)apartofasystem,agreement,etc.e.g. For centuries racial discrimination was b

20、uilt into their social system, which deprived black people of their .Therateofpaywasbuiltintohernastyveryuglyorunpleasanttosee,tastesmell,etc.e.g.Herstoriesareverynasty,fullofmurderand. Theres a nasty smell has something turned sour?rough(offoodandlivingconditions)notdelicateorcomfortable;simple（食物）

21、粗制的；（生活环境、条件）e.g.ImadearoughtableoutofsomeLifewasroughoutintheAmericanWestinthelastSectionA KEYWORDSANDKeyopponentextremeobtainable consumerism operator modifyimmortality geneticadditionally exclusivelyopponent rsonwhoopposessth.orsb.e.g.OpponentssaytheprojectwillbetooSheisoneofthestrongestopponents

22、oftaxextremea. oftenderog(espofopinionsandthosewhoholdthem)goingbeyondtheusuallimitslikelytobe disapproved of by most people 常贬（意见或人）过激的；的e.g.Theernmenthadtotakeextrememeasurestoputdowntheriotinthejail. His political views are rather extreme.obtainable a. thatcanbeobtained能得到的，能达到的；可e.g.Thetimetable

23、isobtainablefromtheairlineImafraid thattherecordyouaskedforisnolongerconsumerism n. U the idea or belief that buying as many goods as possible is desirable forrsonor society 消费主义（认为高消费对个人和社会有利的看法）e.g.HedislikedChristmastimeanditsextremeBythesecondhalfofthe19th centuryconsumerismhadtaken mechanizatio

24、n n. U机械化，机动e.g.WearedeterminedtorealizethemechanizationinAllthesemeasureswillhelpspeedupmechanizationoffarmoperator rsonwhoworksamachine,apparatus,etc.（机器、设备等的）操作e.g.ThecomplexmachinerequiresaskilledAnoperatorsvoiceannouncedthatthecallwaslongmodify vt. change(aplan,anopinion,acondition,ortheformorq

25、ualityofsth.),espslightly （尤指程度不e.g. Imafraidwehave tomodifyourplittleThedesignhasbeenmodified toimprovefuelimmortality n. Uthestateofbeinglivingforever;never-endinglifeorendlessfame不死，不朽，流芳百e.g.NootherpeoplehasbeensoobsessedwithimmortalityastheEgyptians. I do not believe in immortality, and have no

26、 desire for it.genetic a. relatingto e.g. Geneticengineeringisperhapsthemostexcitingrecentdevelopmentinbiology. Physical characteristics are determined by genetic inheritance.additionally ad. inaddition;moreovere.g.Additionally,IamsendingalongalltheformsthatyourequireatthisTherewere27events.Addition

27、ally,weaddedpetitiveevents:baseballandsoftexclusively ad. only;andnothingnooneelsee.g.Thisspecialofferhasbeenexclusivelydesignedforreadersofthismagazine. My time is exclusively occupied with study.taketimetotheothersideofthecomparedtaketimetodo deliberayspendtime ng花费时间e.g.Ainabankrobberytooktimetoc

28、ountthecashinabarbutwasarrestedthenandthere. Take time to consider before you rush into anything.theothersideofthecoin theotheroroppositesideofanargumentsituation,etc.事情（论点等）e.g.Everyoneassumeshestoblamebuttheydontknowtheothersideofthecoin. People who hold extreme views often fail to notice the othe

29、r side of the paredto incomparisonwithe.g.YoursalaryisnothingcomparedtowhatyoucouldearninAmerica. Statistics show a 20% reduction in burglary compared to last year.SectionA UsefulChinesebymostbeleftlargelywhenitcomesa universal takeit fkeepininother onadeeper Chinesea“hot” theoppositepointoftheother

30、 sideof themakemattersascomparedononesfeelmorefighthandtoSectionBGrammarInStudythefollowingsentencesfromTextA,payingspecialattentiontotheuseoftheadverbialclauseof concession. Then do the followino tasks. even though Americans seemed to work extraordinarily hard, their pursuit of entertainment turned

31、 media and leisure into multibillion-dollar industries. (Para. 1) the percentage of people who say they are “very happy” has fallen slightly since the early 1970s eventhougheofpeoplebornin1940has,age,increasedby116percent.(Para. though poverty was strongly correlated with misery, getting wealthier d

32、id not seem to make its citizens any happier. (Para. 3) although winners were very, very happy when they won, their extreme excitement quickly evaporated, . (Para. 4)让步状语从引导让步状语从句的连词主要有以下这些： though, although, while, as; even if, even though; whether.or.nomatter+疑问词，疑问词-ever，regardlessof+名词/名词短语/名词从句

33、，despite，inspite though,表示“虽然，纵然”之意。这两个连词意思大致相同，在一般情况下可以互换使用。在口语中， though较常使用，althoughthough yet, still never，the less 连用，但不能与 but连用。例如：IwillremainfirmthoughImustlowermyphysicalThoughIbelieveit,yetImustAlthough/Thoughhewasexhausted, (still)hekeptonAlthough/Thoughheisveryold,(yet)heisquite值得注意的是，although 引导的让步状语从句位