2023版高三一轮总复习英语外研版课时分层作业12　Earth first

1、 课时分层作业(十二)完形填空(2021陕西省教学质量检测)By the end of the year，Hayley Arceneaux will be the youngest American in space and one of the first tourists to enter orbit unaccompanied by professional astronautsIt is a great 1 ，because she overcame a childhood cancer that 2 the 29yearold girls dream of 3 an astronau

2、t herselfDue to the bone cancer she 4 ，Arceneaux has steel nails in her left 5 Jared Isaacman，a young American billionaire with a 6 love for space exploration，hired a SpaceX rocket at his own 7 and decided to take three people with him，including Arceneaux“I got a phone call 8 in early January，and it

3、 asked，Do you want to go to 9 ？”Arceneaux told AFP“Immediately I said， Yes，yes，absolutely! ” said Arceneaux，who now works for the same hospital that 10 As a child，she 11 the NASA space center“Of course，I wanted to be an astronaut，”she said“But then a few months later I was diagnosed (诊断) with cancer

4、，and it really 12 my whole worldUntil now，astronauts have had to really be 13 perfect，which is not a category that I 14 to because of operations Ive had on my legAnd thats one thing Im so 15 about with this taskIt is 16 to anyone，” Arceneaux said“I would just love to 17 my patients to dream big and

5、not to 18 themselvesAnd I really 19 to show them while Im in space that absolutely anything is 20 ，” she said【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Hayley Arceneaux战胜了儿时所患癌症，将成为美国第一批在没有专业宇航员陪伴的情况下进入轨道的游客之一，同时她也是进入太空的美国人中最年轻的。1AachievementBtaskCchanceDstoryA考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“because she overcame a childhood cancer”可知，她战胜

6、了儿时(患)的癌症，这是一个巨大的成就。故选A。2AsupportedBhelpedCtouchedDbrokeD考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，癌症打破了这个29岁的女孩想成为一名宇航员的梦想。故选D。3AdefeatingBconsultingCbecomingDteachingC考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“Of course，I wanted to be an astronaut”及语境可知，Hayley Arceneaux的梦想是成为一名宇航员。故选C。4Adealt withBgot throughCput asideDdied fromB考查动词短语辨析。根据上文中的“because

7、she overcame a childhood cancer”可知，由于Hayley Arceneaux患了骨癌，她的左腿里有钢钉。故选B。5AarmBlegChandDfootB考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“because of operations Ive had on my leg”可知，Hayley Arceneaux的左腿里有钢钉。故选B。6AbelievableBinstantCplainDcrazyD考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的“hired a SpaceX rocket”可知，一位年轻的美国亿万富翁Jared Isaacman对太空探索有着疯狂的热爱。故选D。7Aexpense

8、BspeedCserviceDriskA考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，Jared Isaacman用自己的开支租下了一支火箭。故选A。8AusuallyBgenerallyCsuddenlyDcasuallyC考查副词辨析。根据下文“Immediately I said，Yes，yes, absolutely！”及语境可知，Hayley Arceneaux在1月初突然接到了一个电话。故选C。9AnatureBcollegeCspaceDhospitalC考查名词辨析。根据上文中的“decided to take three people with him，including Arceneaux”

9、可知，电话那边的人问Arceneaux想去(探索)太空吗。故选C。10AtreatedBquittedCfiredDimpressedA考查动词辨析。根据上文中的“the same hospital”及语境可知，Hayley Arceneaux现在就在曾经治疗过她的那家医院工作。故选A。11AfoundedBvisitedCdesignedDdecoratedB考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“the NASA space center”及语境可知，Hayley Arceneaux小时候曾参观过美国宇航局航天中心。故选B。12AcreatedBcoloredCimprovedDchangedD考查动

10、词辨析。根据上文中的“But then a few months later I was diagnosed with cancer”可知，因为癌症，Hayley Arceneaux不能实现自己的梦想了，她的整个世界都因此发生了改变。故选D。13AmentallyBacademicallyCfinanciallyDphysicallyD考查副词辨析。根据下文中的“because of operations Ive had on my leg”可知，Hayley Arceneaux因为腿部做过手术而不能成为宇航员了。由此可推知，宇航员要有完美的身体状态。故选D。14AseeBattendCbel

11、ongDcontributeC考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，Hayley Arceneaux不属于完美的身体状态这一类别。故选C。15AexcitedBworriedCconfusedDawkwardA考查形容词辨析。根据语境可知，现在Hayley Arceneaux可以参加太空探险，这使她感到非常兴奋。故选A。16AopenBdevotedCblindDharmfulA考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的“to anyone”及语境可知，此处指该活动对任何人都开放。故选A。17AallowBinspireCbegDforceB考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“my patients to dream big

12、 and not to _ themselves”可知，Hayley Arceneaux仅仅是想通过自己的行动去激励自己的病人。故选B。18ApraiseBblameClimitDfoolC考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，Hayley Arceneaux仅仅是想要通过自己的行动去激励自己的病人要有远大的梦想，不要限制自己。故选C。19AhesitateBhopeCpersuadeDpretendB考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，Hayley Arceneaux真的希望能向病人们展示自己在太空中(的样子)。故选B。20AfortunateBsuccessfulCcorrectDpossibleD考查形容

13、词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指一切皆有可能。故选D。语法填空(2021武汉市质量检测)Chinese characters date back to ancient times, with a history of at least several thousand years It is agreed that hanzi began 1._ simple pictures, images that the ancient Chinese people drew, painted, and carved 2._(describe) nature and their livesThe 3._(o

14、ld) symbols recognizable as Chinese characters are those found on ancient animal bones These 3，000yearold symbols, jiaguwen, 4._(carve) on turtle shells or bones of animals, and can give us insight into 5._ the ancient Chinese saw the world around them and into their great creativityWhen you first l

15、ook at Chinese characters, you will most 6._(like) feel that they are very complicated About 80% of Chinese characters are composed of smaller 7._(part), which are combined in many different ways to form tens of thousands of hanzi Fortunately you need to know only about two or three thousand charact

16、ers for use in 8._(day) life Chinese characters and Chinese culture are inseparably linked Chinas writing system forms 9._ strong bridge linking the Chinese people and culture of the present with 10._(that) of the past As China takes its place in the international community, many international stude

17、nts are studying Chinese and are coming to appreciate Chinas impressive culture【语篇解读】文章主要介绍了汉字的发展历史。1as考查介词。人们一致认为，汉字最初只是一些简单的图画和图像。短语begin as意思是“起初是”。2to describe考查动词不定式。根据句子的结构来分析，that从句的主语是the ancient Chinese people，谓语是drew，painted和carved；而此空要用动词不定式作状语，表示目的。3oldest考查形容词最高级。句意：最古老的可认出的汉字的符号是在古老的动物

18、骨头上发现的。根据句子的意思及空前的“The”可知，此处要用形容词最高级，表示“最古老的”。4were carved考查时态、语态和主谓一致。这些3 000年前的符号甲骨文被刻在龟壳或动物的骨头上。显然句子的主语These 3，000yearold symbols为复数，且与谓语动词carve之间是被动关系，同时此处描述发生在过去的事情，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态。5how考查连词。这些符号可以让我们深入了解古代中国人怎样看待周围的世界以及他们伟大的创造力。此处表示方式，要用how。6likely考查副词。根据句子的结构来判断，此处要用副词形式作状语。句意：当你第一次看到汉字时，你很可能会觉

19、得它们非常复杂。7parts考查名词复数形式。后面的which are combinedhanzi是一个非限制性定语从句，由其中的are可知，先行词要用parts。8daily考查形容词。根据句子的结构来判断，此处要用形容词修饰名词life。短语in daily life意思是“在日常的生活中”。9a考查冠词。此处泛指“一座坚实的桥梁”，且strong的发音以辅音音素开头，所以要用不定冠词a。10those考查代词。句意：中国的书写系统是将现在和过去的中国人和文化连接起来的一座坚实的桥梁。根据句子的结构来判断，此空要用代词代替前面的the Chinese people and culture，

20、指代复数概念，所以要用those。短文改错(2021绵阳市诊断性考试)There are too many classic literary works we should read that its hard to know where to startWatch the movie version is certainly one way to get familiarly with a bookBeside requiring less time，the movie version usually gives you most of the important plots and cha

21、racter informationsIt may also helps you decide if the book is worth reading itReading the original books is completely differentWith far more character and plot details，it allows you appreciate the beauty of the language in the bookAs for which is better，it depends on that you needIf you just want

22、to get the story，watch the movie version; for the more complete experience，the book version is definitely better【答案】There are eq f(too,so) many classic literary works we should read that its hard to know where to starteq f(Watch,Watching) the movie version is certainly one way to get eq f(familiarly

23、,familiar) with a bookeq f(Beside,Besides) requiring less time，the movie version usually gives you most of the important plots and character eq f(informations,information)It may also eq f(helps,help) you decide if the book is worth reading eq o(,it)Reading the original books is completely differentWith far more character and plot details，it allows you eq avs4al(,to) appreciate the beauty of the language in the bookAs for which is better，it depends on eq f(that,what) you needIf you just want to get the story，watch the movie version; for eq f(the,a) more complete experience，the book ver