2022-2023学年北京三中高三（最后冲刺）英语试卷含解析

1、2022-2023学年高考英语模拟试卷注意事项:1答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。2答题时请按要求用笔。3请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。4作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。5保持卡面清洁，不要折暴、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1What I like about Harvard is theres the old classical lookthere are parks and tr

2、aditional buildings.AwhyBwhereCthatDhow2Top graduates from universities are _ by major companies.AchasedBregisteredCofferedDcompromised3He let me write down his instructions sure that I would know what was after he went away.Amaking; doing Bmaking; to doCto make; to do Dto make; to be done4A new mov

3、ie Sacrifice came out last year, Ge You played adoctor saved an orphan at the cost of his own baby.Ain which; whoBwhen; whoCon which; by whomDwhere; whom540 grams of meat per day is _ people should consume in order to stay fit.Athat BwhyChow Dwhat6_ the students from their endless homework the schoo

4、l has decided to take a series of measures.AFreedBTo freeCFreeingDHaving freed7The world is not always _we wish it to be.AthatBwhichCwhatDwhere8-You know Mr. Green has been ill for days?-Yes, I wonder if he is _ better now.AanyBsomeCanyDno9Wolf Warrior 2, _ director Wu Jing also starred in the lead

5、role, is a first-class production, even by Hollywood standards.AwhereBwhichCwhomDas10As things didnt work out the way we _, we found ourselves trying to force them and struggling to finish them.Aplan Bare planning Chad planned Dwill be planning11I writing the paper as scheduled, but my mothers illne

6、ss interfered. I hope you will excuse me.Aam to have finished Bwas to have finishedCwas to finish Dought to finish12In the early morning all of us stood at the top of the mountain _ east of the city, watching _burning sun rising.A/; aBthe; aCthe; theD/; the13My mom once worked in a very small villag

7、e school, which is_only on foot.AacceptableBadequateCaccessibleDappropriate14Wed better discuss everything _before we work out the plan.Ain detailBin generalCon purposeDon time15They carry out _ checks on milk products to make sure that they are of high quality.Acommon BnaturalCordinary Dregular16-

8、They say Philips brother is a billionaire. - _? He wouldnt accept any help from his brother, even if it were offered.AWhat if BWhat for CSo what DForget it17 Why do you look very upset? The electricity was cut off suddenly and my essay _ unfinished since.Awas leftBhas leftChad been leftDhas been lef

9、t18The doctor had almost lost hope at one point, but the patient finally .Apulled outBpulled throughCpulled upDpulled over19Children are likely to _ some bad habits when playing the piano if they dont have proper lessons.Akeep upBcatch upCpick upDgive up20The foreigners here are greatly impressed by

10、 the fact that _ people from all walks of life are working hard for _ new Tianjin.A/; a B/; theCa; a Dthe; the第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6分） A name is more than just a word. It carries the weight of a persons whole identity. A name can represent a persons ethnicity (种族身份) an

11、d culture, or show respect for their ancestral roots. A self-given name may represent a persons beliefs or chosen identity.Everyone has the right to have their name pronounced correctly. It is a sign of respect for a persons individuality. “A persons name is to him or her the sweetest and most impor

12、tant sound in any language,” Dale Carnegie writes in his book How to Win Friends and Influence People. Behind each name is a story, and when a name is anglicized (英语化), mispronounced, or ignored, that story is dismissed.A name mispronounced for a long time can negatively impact a persons attitude to

13、ward their own identity. It can create feelings of shame or embarrassment because they are made to feel like a burden. In the long term, this might cause someone to distance themselves from their roots. They may begin shying away from their native language, culture, and family for the sake of fittin

14、g in.In order to avoid this, many international students living in the U.S. choose English names. People shouldnt have to ignore their identities for the sake of someone elses convenience.Everyone makes mistakes, and not everyone can get a name right on the first try. Mispronouncing a name repeatedl

15、y, however, shows a lack of effort. It is not okay to be comfortable with mispronouncing names, and being unfamiliar with a language is no excuse.If youre unsure whether youre pronouncing a name correctly, just ask. Think of it as a way to expand and strengthen understanding, both personally and cul

16、turally. When meeting someone for the first time, make sure that you heard the name correctly. It doesnt take a lot to simply repeat the name back. Spell it out. Write it down. Do whatever you have to do to get the name right. Making the effort to correctly pronounce someones name is an essential pa

17、rt of cultural competency (文化素养). Without this, we cannot expect to show respect and tolerance for our diverse community.1、What may a persons name tell us?AHis cultural background.BHis physical appearance.CHis favorite sound.DHis attitude to life.2、Whats the long-term influence of mispronouncing one

18、s name?AThe feeling of shame may be caused.BThe person may feel over-burdened.CThe character of the person may change.DThe person may try to hide his roots.3、What does the writer think of mispronouncing a name repeatedly?AIt is unavoidable.BIt is unacceptable.CIt strengthens friendship.DIt shows dis

19、crimination.4、Whats the last paragraph mainly about?AHow to show our respect for others.BHow to avoid mispronouncing names.CHow to improve our pronunciation.DHow to live harmoniously in a community.22（8分）A loving father lost much weight after being shamed into dieting when he became so fat that he c

20、ouldnt play with his young daughter. Chris Willis, 47, tipped the scales at 172 kg following a lifetime of fatty foods.The dad cut out all the fatty foods he had enjoyed, and began exercising. He now weighs 105 kg after losing 10 kg every month since July. Chris had to take long pauses just to climb

21、 the stairs or walk more than a few yards, saying, The hardest thing was seeing my little girl in the garden and not being able to join in because I was so unhealthy. But now I am making up for the lost time-we do so much together and it is just great.Before switching to a healthy lifestyle, Chris w

22、ould eat five slices of bread for breakfast as a mid morning meal before a full English breakfast. He would then eat a sandwich, a large pack of crisps and a pasty for lunch before chewing a whole packet of biscuits in the afternoon. For dinner Chris would demolish a curry, and ice cream, and also f

23、our pints of beer before feeding on fatty snacks all evening.Chris said, At 13, I was 118 kg and I remember a teacher pointing this out to the whole school. From then on I was picked on and bullied(欺负). My weight went up and up. But I now have a new-found freedom. My family and friends have been so

24、supportive and my wife and daughter are so pleased for me. In fact its them that I did it for more than anyone else. The whole journey has been amazing and I am still shocked myself that I have managed to lose so much weight. Chris is now aiming for a new target weight of 96kg.1、What was the main re

25、ason for Chris losing weight?AHe was bullied by others.BHe weighed as much as 172kg.CHe wanted to switch to a healthy lifestyle.DHe was too unhealthy to play with his daughter.2、How long do you think Chris has been dieting?AMany years.BAbout 6 months.CAbout one year.DSince he was 13.3、What does the

26、underlined word demolish in Paragraph 3 probably mean?AdrinkBabsorbCconsumeDdestroy4、Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?APower of fathers LoveBHarm of Fatty FoodsCImportance of HealthDBenefit of Exercise23（8分） Parents tend to favour children of one sex in certain situations

27、or so evolutionary biologists tell us. A new study used colored backpack sales data to show that parental wealth may influence spending on sons different from daughters.In 1973 biologist Robert Trivers and computer scientist Dan Willard published a paper suggesting that parents invest(投入)more resour

28、ces, such as food and effort, in male children when times are good, and in female children when times are bad. According to the Trivers-Willard hypothesis(假说), a son given lots of resources can become a gentleman but parents with few resources tend to invest them in daughters, who generally find it

29、easier to be a fair maiden.Studying parental investment after birth is difficult, however. The new study looked for a standard of measurement of such investment that met several criteria: it shouldnt be affected by sex differences in the need for resources; it should measure investment rather than o

30、utcomes; and it should be objective.Study author Shige Song, a sociologist at Queens College, City University of New York, examined spending on pink and blue backpacks purchased in China in 2015 from a large retailer, JDcom. He narrowed the data to about 5, 000 bags: blue backpacks bought by familie

31、s known to have at least one boy and pink ones bought by families known to have at least one girl. The results showed that wealthier families spent more on blue than pink backpacks suggesting greater investment in sons. Poorer families spent more on pink packs than blue ones. The findings were publi

32、shed in Evolution and Human Behavior.Songs evidence for the Trivers-Willard hypothesis is “indirect” but “pretty convincing,” says Rosemary Hopcroft, a sociologist at the. University of North Carolina at Charlotte, who was not connected with the new study. Hopcroft reported in 2016 that U. S. father

33、s with high-status occupations were more likely to send their sons to private school than their daughters, while fathers with lower-status jobs more often enrolled their female children. Although the new study does not prove the families were buying the blue backpacks for boys and pink ones for girl

34、s, Hopcroft notes that “its a clever and interesting paper, and its a rather unusual use of big data.”1、What does the writer intend to do in Paragraph 2?AIntroduce an earlier study.BIdentify childrens needs.CAssess the influence of a study.DExplore into parental investment.2、What offers a challenge

35、for the new study?AThe investment meeting several criteria.BThe measurement of eventual outcomes.CDifferent demands for resources between sexes.DConsistent standards in measuring parental investment.3、What can be learned from Songs research?AThe new study was done in 2015.BBig data was sampled for r

36、esearch.CPreference was offered to consumers.DBlue packs were favored over pink ones.4、Which of the following is likely to match Hopcrofts remark on Songs research?AIts entertaining.BIts well-designed.CIts unbelievable.DIts unusual.24（8分）Its not every day that United States history mixes with microb

37、es (微生物) in the soil. But when the grassland on the National Mall in Washington, DCwas replaced, it offered scientists the opportunity to study changes in the soil beneath.The work focused on the bacteria present in the soil. To the researchers surprise, the communities of microbes did not change a

38、lot before and after the replacement. These communities in the soil are known as the soil microbiome (微生物群).“My lab is interested in how microbes can move around in the environment , and how they change and adapt as a result of this movement,” explains Jo Anne Crouch, the lead author of the study. “

39、We thought that the new imported turf (草皮) from New Jersey would introduce different communities of bacteria to the National Mall. However, we found that they werent significantly different.”Crouchs work focused on turf grass ，defined as a large area of green grass. It is made up of the grass, its r

40、oots, and the soil and microbes found with them.Think of the soil microbiome as similar to the collection of microbes found in the human body. When the microbes are out of balance , it can make someone sick. Crouch says its the same for the soil microbiome. Many of the worst diseases in crops or oth

41、er environments are linked with changes in the soil microbiome.Additionally, Crouch says that even though the changes between the soils were small, scientists are also starting to appreciate that sometimes a really important microbe is a rare one. This means it would be hard to observe but could gre

42、atly affect how the groups function as a whole. “Agricultural areas and other natural spaces are highly and easily hurt by negative changes,” she says. “Microbiomes offer an almost entirely new opportunity to influence interactions among plants and microbes to improve plant productivity and health.

43、”1、Why did the researchers feel surprised when they focused on the bacteria in the soil?AMore bacteria appeared in the soil.BMicrobes were replaced obviously.CSoil microbiome almost remained stable.DThe soil microbiomes damaged the environment.2、By studying the turf grass , what did Crouch and her t

44、eam find?AMicrobes grew faster in their own community.BSoil microbiomes were different in different places.CTurf grass adapted to the environment nearby very soon.DSimilar communities of bacteria were brought by turf grass.3、Why did the author mention the microbes in the human body?ATo indicate the

45、two play a similar role.BTo prove they are both the causes of diseases.CTo examine the environments people live in.DTo analyze the changes of human microbes.4、What does Crouch mean in the last paragraph?AMicrobes are still as hard to observe as before.BStudies on microbiomes can be beneficial to agr

46、iculture.CScientists are still puzzled about the effect of microbiomes.DToo many microbiomes in the soil mean no harm to plants.25（10分） Myrbetriq is a prescription（处方）medication for adults used to treat the following symptoms due to a condition called overactive bladder:Urge urinary incontinence: a

47、strong need to urinate with leaking or wetting accidents.Urgency: a strong need to urinate right away.Frequency: urinating often.It is not known if Myrbetriq is safe and effective in children.Before you take Myrbetriq, tell your doctor about all of your medical conditions, including if you:have live

48、r problems or kidney problems.have very high uncontrolled blood pressure.have trouble emptying your bladder or you have a weak urine stream.are pregnant or plan to become pregnant.are breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed.Take Myrbetriq exactly as your doctor tells you to:Take l Myrbetriq tablet l tim

49、e a day.Take Myrbetriq with water and swallow the tablet whole. Dot chew, break, or crush the tablet.Take Myrbetriq with or without food.Special attentionIf you miss a dose of Myrbetriq, begin taking Myrbetriq again the next day.If you take too much Myrbetriq, call your doctor or go to the nearest h

50、ospital emergency room right away.Myrbetriq may cause serious side effects including:increased blood pressuredizzinesscommon cold symptomsjoint paindry mouthheadacheflu symptomsconstipationurinary tract infectionsinus ( sinus irritation)back paininflammation of the bladder ( cystitis)Tell your docto

51、r if you have any side effect that bothers you or that does not go away.These are not all the possible side effects of Myrbetriq. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at l -800 - FDA -1088.Storage requirements:Store Myrbetriq between 59F to 8

52、6F (15 to30). Keep the bottle closed.Safely throw away medicine that is out of date or no longer needed.Keep Myrbetriq and all medicines out of the reach of children.1、Who is not suitable for this medicine?AGrown-ups.BChildren.CWomen.DOld people. .2、In which situation do you need to tell the doctor

53、before taking Myrbetriq?ABeing a would-be mother.BGoing to take an exam.CHaving heart & lung problems.DSuffering mild high blood pressure.3、How should you store Myrbetriq?AReserve it in the freezing chamber.BKeep it away from children.CStore it with the bottle open.DPreserve it as you like.第三部分 语言知识

54、运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项26（30分） I always hear about brave people on social media. If bravery is as simple as showing 1 during a time of fear, I 2 a time when I had a scary experience.My family had just arrived at our Christmas holiday house when the 3 came

55、 to drop off the keys and 4 us to watch out for wild mice running around his house. My parents 5 and said they would 6 the situation if they appear. The thought of 7 something like a mouse 8 entered my mind. Besides, my father always came to my 9 if I needed him.While my parents 10 our bags, I decid

56、ed to watch a movie in my room. Everyone else was 11 so I had to take care of my brother. Halfway through the movie, I really needed to take a bathroom 12 so I stepped out of my room, leaving him alone in his baby bed. He disliked it, but I would only be 13 for a moment. “Whats the 14 that could hap

57、pen?” I thought.When I left the room, my brother began to cry 15 he usually did. However, his crying grew louder and more fearful, so I hurried back, and was greeted by an 16 furry visitor.“Dad!” I cried, “There is a rat in my room!”“Kill it!” he 17 .“But dad, I cant.”My mind 18 ; I was so frightene

58、d. The first thing I saw was an umbrella, so I 19 it. I began to hit the rat until it stopped moving.My parents were 20 that I put my fears aside to protect my brother. That day, I felt brave.1、AstrengthBprogressCintelligenceDskill2、AwasteBrecallCspendDappreciate3、AneighborBagentCstrangerDowner4、Awa

59、rnedBbeggedCallowedDencouraged5、AsighedBnoddedCcoughedDshook6、AignoreBhandleCovercomeDchallenge7、AobservingBplayingCteasingDkilling8、AalmostBgraduallyCneverDsuddenly9、AlifeBhandCmindDaid10、AunpackedBunfoldedCunlockedDuncovered11、AoccupiedBexcitedChurriedDfrightened12、AleaveBwalkCbreakDchance13、Aavai

60、lableBbraveClostDgone14、AleastBworstCmostDbest15、AwhenBifCasDuntil16、AunreasonableBunexpectedCunconsciousDunqualified17、AcomplainedBinformedCyelledDsigned18、AfrozeBbrokeCwanderedDchanged19、AkickedBhandedCseizedDthrew20、AafraidBawkwardCoverjoyedDproud第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。