2022年考研考博-考博英语-陕西师范大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）试卷号99

1、住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-陕西师范大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）（图片可根据实际调整大小）题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.单选题To major in astrophysics you need an extra math course.问题1选项A.To get higher grades in astrophysics.B.To finish your astrophysics paper.C.To specialize in astrophysics.D.To better understand the astrophysics course.【

2、答案】C【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析。题目中major in表示“主修；专攻”，A选项为“在天体物理学上取得更高的成就”；B选项为“完成你的天体物理学论文”；C选项为“以天体物理学为专业；专攻天体物理学”；D选项为“更好地了解天体物理学课程”。句意：要主修天体物理学，你就得再选择一个数学课。因此，正确答案是C项。2.单选题_at in this way, the situation doesnt seem so desperate.问题1选项A.LookingB.LookedC.Being lookedD.To look【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语动词。逻辑主语the situation与lo

3、ok之间为动宾关系，表示被动，前面部分完整的表达为the situation is looked at in this way，故用动词的过去分词作状语，因此选B。句意：从这个角度看，情况似乎并不那么绝望。3.单选题Surprisingly, no one knows how many children receive education in English hospitals, still less the content or quality of that education. Proper records are just not kept.We know that more tha

4、n 850,000 children go through hospital each year, and that every child of school age has a legal right to continue to receive education while in hospital. We also know there is only one hospital teacher to every 1,000 children in hospital.Little wonder the latest survey concludes that the extent and

5、 type of hospital teaching available differ a great deal across the country. It is found that half the hospitals in England, which admit children have no teacher. A further quarter has only a part-time teacher. The special childrens hospitals in major cities do best general hospitals in the country

6、and holiday areas are worst off.From this survey, one can estimate that fewer than one in five children have some contact with a hospital teacherand that contact may be as little as two hour s a day. Most children interviewed were surprised to find a teacher in hospital at all. They had not been pre

7、pared for it by parents of their own school. If there was a teacher, they were much more likely to read books and do math or number work, without a teacher they would only play games.Reasons for hospital teaching range from preventing a child falling behind and maintaining the habit of school to kee

8、ping a child occupied, and the latter is often all the teacher can do. The position and influence of many teachers was summed up when patents offered to them as “the library lady” or just “the helper”.Children tend to rely on concerned school friends to keep in touch with school work. Several parent

9、s spoke of requests for work being ignored or refused by the school. Once back at school children rarely get extra teaching, and are told to catch up as best they can.Many short-stay child-patients catch up quickly. But schools do very little to ease the anxiety about falling behind expressed by man

10、y of the children interviewed.1. The author points out at the beginning that_.2. It can be inferred from the latest survey that_.3. Children in hospital usually turn to_in order to catch up with their school work.4. We can conclude from the passage that the author is_.问题1选项A.every child in hospital

11、receives some teachingB.not enough is known about hospital teachingC.hospital teaching is of poor qualityD.the special childrens hospitals are worst off问题2选项A.hospital teaching across the country is similarB.each hospital has at least one part time teacherC.all hospital surveyed offer education to c

12、hildrenD.only one-fourth of the hospitals have full-time teachers问题3选项A.hospital teachersB.schoolmatesC.parentsD.school teachers问题4选项A.unfavorable towards children receiving education in hospitalsB.in favor of the present state of teaching in hospitalsC.unsatisfied with the present state of hospital

13、 teachingD.satisfied with the results of the latest survey【答案】第1题:B第2题:D第3题:B第4题:C【解析】1.细节事实题。由文章第一段中的no one knows how many children receive education in English hospitals, still less the content or quality of that education（没有人知道有多少孩子能在英国的医院接受教育，更不用说教育的内容和质量了）可知B选项“对医院教学知之甚少”符合题意。2.推理判断题。由文章第三段中的It

14、 is found that half the hospitals in England, which admit children have no teacher. A further quarter has only a part-time teacher.（据发现，英国有一半的医院没有教师。另外四分之一的医院只有兼职教师）可推测只有四分之一的医院有全职教师，因此选D。3.细节事实题。由文章倒数第二段中的Children tend to rely on concerned school friends to keep in touch with school work.（孩子们往往依靠相关

15、的学校朋友来赶上学校的功课）可知选B。4.观点态度题。本文主要介绍了医院中的存在的教学问题，比如教师的严重缺少。根据调查结果及文章最后一段中的But schools do very little to ease the anxiety about falling behind expressed by many of the children interviewed.（但学校在缓解许多受访儿童对落后的焦虑方面收效甚微）可知作者对当前的医院教学现状是不满意的，因此选C。4.单选题The lions ferocious behavior was attributed to its lack of

16、edible flesh.问题1选项A.tameB.relaxedC.savageD.fable【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。题目中ferocious表示“残忍的；惊人的；凶残的”；A选项为“驯服的；顺从的；平淡的”；B选项为“放松的，宽松的”；C选项为“野蛮的；荒凉的；凶猛的”；D选项为“寓言，童话”，不是形容词。根据句意可知，狮子的残暴行为源于缺少食用肉。因此，正确答案是C项。5.单选题In the next few years major changes will be （）in Chinas industries.问题1选项A.brought forwardB.brought up

17、C.brought onD.brought about【答案】D【解析】考查词组搭配。A选项brought forward提前，提出；B选项brought up提出，养育；C选项 brought on导致，引起，使发展；D选项brought about导致，带来，产生。bring on是指事情己经告一段落又再次被引起，而bring about则指事情被从头引起；根据句意“在接下来的几年中，中国的工业将发生巨大的变化”，因此，因此，D项更符合题意。6.单选题Your analogy was not a good one because the two situations are not sim

18、ilar.问题1选项A.comparisonB.categorizationC.classificationD.cognition【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项comparison n.比较，对照；B选项categorization n.分类，分门别类，编目方法；C选项 classification n.等级，类别；D选项cognition n.认识，辨识，认识能力。根据句意可知A项符合题意。句意：你的类比不是一个好例子，因为这两种情况并不相同。7.单选题After several nuclear disasters, a_has raged over the safety of

19、nuclear energy.问题1选项A.quarrelB.suspicionC.verdictD.controversy【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项quarrel“争吵，吵架”，强调以发生口角和吵架等形式引起的争论；B选项suspicion“怀疑，嫌疑”；C选项verdict“裁定，裁决”；D选项controversy“(公开的)争论，辩论”，指对引起广泛兴趣或非常重要的问题的辨论。根据the safety of nuclear energy可知核能安全是一个重要的话题，因此选D。句意：在几次核灾难之后，激起了一场关于核能安全的争论。8.单选题When the Group of

20、Seven was formed in 1920, the artists hoped for recognition of their works and ideas. In the catalog to their first exhibition, they actually invited adverse criticism-but only because what they feared most was indifference. At a time when Canada was coming into its own, they felt that a major facto

21、r in the development of a strong and healthy nation was a vital and relevant art. They hoped that their works would make a significant contribution to the evolution of a truly Canadian art tradition. Therefore, the Groups desire to paint the Canadian landscape lays the genuine conviction that it was

22、 the northern landscape that represented and expressed the countrys unique character. It was this concept that was to capture the imagination of so many Canadians.Today there is every indication that the Group has attained its goals. These artists have achieved widespread popular success and acclaim

23、, and their works have been heralded as one of the basic symbols of Canadian culture. They have been honored with exhibitions, degrees and medals; reproductions of their works can be found one very thing from posters to postage stamps.As frequently happens with popular trends, there has been a tende

24、ncy to romanticize the accomplishments of the Group, which has inevitably caused many misconceptions to develop. The most common of these is the popular belief that the Seven were violently criticized in the first Group shows. However, the truth of the matter is that the reviews for these early show

25、s were nearly all favorable.1. What does the passage mainly discuss?2. The author implies that the Group of Seven welcomed adverse criticism because it would（）.3. The author implies that the members-of the Group of Seven were（）.4. According to the passage, all of the following were major goals of th

26、e Group of Seven EXCEPT（）.5. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way in which the Group of Seven was honored?问题1选项A.The origin of Canadian traditions.B.The seven symbols of CanadaC.Popular trends in Canadian art.D.A group of seven Canadian artists.问题2选项A.help them to improve as artists.B.me

27、an that their work was being noticed.C.increase the market value of their work.D.gain support for them as victims of unfair criticism.问题3选项A.portrait paintersB.landscape artistsC.art criticsD.art dealers问题4选项A.producing art with the intent of selling it quicklyB.having their work recognizedC.having

28、their ideas about art acceptedD contributing to the growth of a uniquely Canadian art问题5选项A.Degrees were conferred on them.B.Their work was exhibited.C.Monuments were dedicated to them.D.They were awarded medals.【答案】第1题:D第2题:B第3题:B第4题:A第5题:C【解析】1.主旨大意题。原文主要介绍了加拿大的本土风格的艺术家团体the Group of Seven期望依靠自身努力

29、得到认可，以及介绍他们为加拿大本土文化所作贡献的事迹，而不是讲述加拿大传统的起源或是加拿大艺术的流行趋势，因此，正确答案为D项。2.细节事实题。根据原文第一段In the catalog to their first exhibition, they actually invited adverse criticism-but only because what they feared most was indifference.可知，艺术团体并不担心负面评论，而是担心人们漠视他们的艺术创作。因此，B 项“意味着他们的创作不被关注和重视”最符合题意。3.推理判断题。根据原文第一段Therefo

30、re, behind the Groups desire to paint the Canadian landscape lay the genuine conviction that it was the northern landscape that represented and expressed the countrys unique character.可知，成员们主要描绘的是Canadian landscape，所以Group of Seven成员是风景画家。故本题正确答案为B项。4.推理判断题。原文中讲述了Group of Seven艺术家们的创作目的，期待人们理解和认可他们的

31、创作理念，并希望他们的作品能够促进加拿大本土艺术的繁荣发展，对本土文化有所贡献。文中并未提及艺术家们是以快速销售为目的而进行的艺术创作。因此，本题正确答案是A项。5.细节事实题。根据原文第二段They have been honored with exhibitions, degrees and medals; reproductions of their works can be found on everything from posters to postage stamps.可知，为了进行表彰，这些艺术家的作品被展出，他们也被授予了学位（degree）和颁发了奖章（medal），但并没

32、有树立纪念碑（monument）。因此，本题正确答案为C项。9.单选题The distinction between second and foreign language learning can cause confusion in the field of second language acquisition (SLA), which is the sub-discipline of applied linguistics that aims to understand how people learn a second language and the factors that af

33、fect their language learning. SLA research not only examines second language learning, but also any foreign, third or fourth language learning. Due to the complexity of language learning, we see that the SLA literature often treat additional language and foreign language learning in the same second

34、language acquisition framework. Of course, we know that learning a third language is not necessarily the same as learning a second language. A more solid theoretical framework for third or fourth language acquisition will eventually emerge as more research is conducted.1. Which of the following is t

35、he sub-discipline of applied linguistics?2. Which of the following is correct?3. Which of the following is correct?4. A more solid theoretical framework for third or fourth language acquisition will eventually emerge as more research is conducted because_.5. Which of the following will serve as the

36、best title for the passage?问题1选项A.The distinction between second and foreign language learning.B.The second language.C.The foreign language.D.Second language acquisition.问题2选项A.SLA research examines second language learning, some foreign, third or fourth language learning.B.SLA research examines sec

37、ond language learning, any foreign, third or fourth language learning.C.SLA research examines foreign language learning.D.SLA research examines first language learning.问题3选项A.Additional language and foreign language learning should be treated in the same second language acquisition frameworkB.Additi

38、onal language and foreign language learning should not be treated in the same second language acquisition framework.C.Additional language and foreign language learning have been treated differently in second language acquisition frameworkD.Additional language and foreign language learning have not b

39、een treated in different second language acquisition framework问题4选项A.the SLA literature often treats additional language and foreign language learning in the same second language acquisition frameworkB.the SLA literature often treats additional language and foreign language learning in different sec

40、ond language acquisition framework.C.learning a third language is necessarily the same as learning a second language.D.learning a third language is not necessarily the same as learning a second language问题5选项A.Inside SLAB.Outside SLAC.Future of SLAD.The third language and SLA【答案】第1题:D第2题:B第3题:D第4题:D第

41、5题:C【解析】1.细节事实题。由文章中的The distinction between second and foreign language learning can cause confusion in the field of second language acquisition (SLA), which is the sub-discipline of applied linguistics that aims to understand how people learn a second language and the factors that affect their lan

42、guage learning.（第二语言和外语学习之间的区别在于第二语言习得领域可能导致困惑，第二语言习得是应用语言学的一个分支学科，旨在了解人们如何学习第二语言以及影响他们语言学习的因素）可知选D。2.细节事实题。由文章中的SLA research not only examines second language learning, but also any foreign, third or fourth language learning.（第二语习得研究不仅研究第二语言学习，而且也研究任何外语、第三或第四语言学习）可知选B。3.细节事实题。由文章中的Due to the comple

43、xity of language learning, we see that the SLA literature often treat additional language and foreign language learning in the same second language acquisition framework.（由于语言学习的复杂性，我们发现第二语习得著作通常把在同样的第二语言习得框架里讨论第二语言和外语学习）可知D选项“第二语言和外语学习一直没有在不同的的第二语言习得框架里讨论”符合题意。4.细节事实题。由文章中的Of course, we know that l

44、earning a third language is not necessarily the same as learning a second language.（当然，我们知道学习第三语言并不一定等同于学习第二语言）可知D选项“学习第三语言不一定等于学习第二语言”符合题意。5.主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了第二语言习得（SLA）研究的内容与目的，根据文章最后一句A more solid theoretical framework for third or fourth language acquisition will eventually emerge as more research i

45、s conducted.（随着研究的深入，第三语言或第四语言习得的理论框架将逐渐形成）可知C选项“第二语言习得的未来”符合题意。10.单选题Her dairy was full of the insignificant, happy daily that had made up her life.问题1选项A.pursuitsB.triflesC.trivialD.premise【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项pursuits n.追求；B选项trifles n.琐事，鸡毛蒜皮的；C选项trivial adj.不重要的，琐碎的；D选项premise n.假定，前提。根据句意可知，她的

46、日记中记载着许多微不足道却又快乐的生活琐事。因此，正确答案为B项。11.单选题When the farmers visited the city for the first time, they were_by its complicated traffic system.问题1选项A.precludedB.bewilderedC.divertedD.expired【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项preclude“排出，消除，妨碍”；B选项bewilder“使迷惑”；C选项divert“使转移”；D选项expire“期满”。根据the first time和complicated tra

47、ffic system可知B选项符合语义。句意：当农民们第一次参观这座城市时，他们被它复杂的交通系统弄糊涂了。12.单选题Once it was possible to define male and female roles easily by the division of labor. Men worked outside the home and earned the income to support their families, while women cooked the meals and took care of the home and the children. The

48、se roles were firmly fixed for most people, and there was not much opportunity for women to exchange their roles. But by the middle of this century, mens and womens roles were becoming less firmly fixed.In the 1950s, economic and social success was the goal of the typical American. But in the 1960s

49、a new force developed called the counterculture. The people involved in this movement did not value the middle-class American goals. The counterculture presented men and women with new role choices. Taking more interest in childcare, men began to share child-raising tasks with their wives. In fact,

50、some young men and women moved to communal homes or farms where the economic and childcare responsibilities were shared equally by both sexes. In addition, many Americans did not value the traditional male role of soldier. Some young men refused to be drafted as soldiers to fight in the war in Vietn

51、am.In terms of numbers, the counterculture was not a very large group of people. But its influence spread to many parts of American society. Working men of all classes began to change their economic and social patterns. Industrial workers and business executives alike cut down on “overtime” work so

52、that they could spend more leisure time with their families. Some doctors, lawyers, and teachers turned away from high paying situations to practice their professions in poorer neighborhoods.In the 1970s, the feminist movement, or womens liberation, produced additional economic and social changes. W

53、omen of all ages and at all levels of society were entering the work force in greater numbers. Most of them still took traditional womens jobs as public school teaching, nursing, and secretarial work. But some women began to enter traditionally male occupations: police work, banking, dentistry, and

54、construction work. Women were asking for equal work, and equal opportunities for promotion.Today the experts generally agree that important changes are taking place in the roles of men and women. Naturally, there are difficulties in adjusting to these transformations.and women. Naturally, there are

55、difficulties in adjusting to these transformations.1. Which of the following best expresses the main idea of Paragraph 1?2. Which sentence best expresses the main idea of Paragraph 2?3. In the passage the author proposes that the counterculture_.4. It could be inferred from the passage that_.5. The

56、best title for the passage may be_.问题1选项A.Women usually worked outside the home for wages.B.Men and womens roles were easily exchanged in the past.C.Mens roles at home were more firmly fixed than womens.D.Men and womens roles were usually quite separated in the past.问题2选项A.The first sentence.B.The s

57、econd and the third sentences.C.The fourth sentence.D.The last sentence.问题3选项A.destroyed the United StatesB.transfonned some American valuesC.was not important in the United StatesD.brought people more leisure time with their families问题4选项A.men and women will never share the same goalsB.some men wil

58、l be willing to exchange their traditional male rolesC.most men will be happy to share some of the household responsibilities with their wivesD.more American households are headed by women than ever before问题5选项A.Results of Feminist MovementsB.New influence in American LifeC.Counterculture and Its co

59、nsequenceD.Traditional Division of Male and Female Roles【答案】第1题:D第2题:C第3题:B第4题:C第5题:B【解析】1.主旨大意题。由文章第一段中Men worked outside the home and earned the income to support their families, while women cooked the meals and took care of the home and the children. These roles were firmly fixed for most people,

60、 and there was not much opportunity for women to exchange their roles.（男人在外面工作，挣的钱养家，而女人做饭，照顾家里和孩子。这些角色对大多数人来说是固定不变的，妇女没有机会交换她们的角色）可知过去男女的分工明确，角色相对固定，因此选D。2.主旨大意题。文章第二段主要讲述了反主流文化对男女分工角色的影响，再根据第一段最后一句中But by the middle of this century, mens and womens roles were becoming less firmly fixed.（但是到了本世纪中叶，