21世纪大学英语读写教学教程第四册Unit6

1、. Unit 6Text APre-reading ActivitiesFirst ListeningBefore listening to the tape, have aquick look at the following words.sock短袜EQ情商empathy同情Second ListeningListen to the tape again. They choose the best answer to each of thefollowing questions.1. The listening passage says that Einstein was ageniusi

2、n terms of_.A) Emotional Intelligence or EQB)Intellectual Intelligence or IQC) both EQ and IQD) neither EQ nor IQ2. Which of the following is NOT an example of Emotional.Intelligence?A) Understanding your own feelings.B)Understanding the feelingsof others.C) Being able to handle emotionseffectively.

3、D) Being smarter than others in your class.3. Which of the following statements best describes the relationshipbetween EQ and IQ?A) People tend to have more of one than the other.B)People tend to have the same amount of each.C) They work together to make you successful.D) They depend on such factors

4、 as social class and how lucky you are.4. What isthe main purpose of this passage?A) Tointroduce anew concept, EQ, and explain itssignificance.B)Toexplain why EQ ismore important in life than IQ.C) Todiscuss different definitionsof success.D) Tocriticize traditional notions of intelligence.The EQ Fa

5、ctorNancy GibbsIt turns out that a scientist can see the future by watchingfour-year-olds interact with a marshmallow. The researcher invites thechildren, one by one, into aplain room and begins the gentle torment.You can have this marshmallow right now, he says. But ifyou wait while I.run an errand

6、, you can have two marshmallows when Iget back. And thenhe leaves.Some children grab for the treat the minute hes out the door. Somelast afew minutesbefore they give in.But others are determined to wait.They cover their eyes; they put their heads down; they sing to themselves;they try to play games

7、or even fall asleep. When the researcher returns, hegives these children their hard-earned marshmallows. And then, sciencewaits for them to grow up.By the time the children reach high school, something remarkable hashappened. A survey of the childrens parents and teachers found thatthose who as four

8、-year-olds had enough self-control to hold out for thesecond marshmallow generally grew up to be better adjusted, morepopular, adventurous, confident and dependable teenagers. The childrenwho gave in to temptation early on were more likely to be lonely, easilyfrustrated and stubborn. They could not

9、endure stress and shied awayfrom challenges. And when some of the students in the two groups tookthe Scholastic Aptitude Test, the kidswho had held out longer scored anaverage of 210 points higher.When we think of brilliance we see Einstein, deep-eyed, woolly haired,athinking machine with skin and m

10、ismatched socks. High achievers, weimagine, were wired for greatness from birth. But then you have towonder why, over time, natural talent seems to ignite in some people and.dim in others. Thisiswhere the marshmallows come in.It seems that theability to delay gratification isamaster skill, atriumph

11、of the reasoningbrain over the impulsive one. It is a sign, in short, of emotionalintelligence. And it doesnt show up on an IQ test.For most of this century, scientists have worshipped the hardware ofthe brain and the software of the mind; the messy powers of the heartwere left to the poets. But cog

12、nitive theory could simply not explain thequestions we wonder about most: why some people just seem to have agift for living well; why the smartest kid in the class will probably not endup the richest; why we like some people virtually on sight and distrustothers; why some people remain upbeat in th

13、e face of troubles that wouldsink a less resilient soul. What qualities of the mind or spirit, in short,determine who succeeds?The phrase emotional intelligence was coined by Yale psychologistPeter Salovey and the University of New Hampshires John Mayer fiveyears ago to describe qualities like under

14、standing ones own feelings,empathy for the feelingsof others and the regulation of emotion in away that enhances living. Their notion is about to bound into thenational conversation, handily shortened to EQ, thanks to a new book,Emotional Intelligence by Daniel Goleman. Goleman, a Harvardpsychology

15、Ph.D. and a New York Times science writer with a gift formaking even the most difficult scientific theories digestible to lay readers,.has brought together adecades worth of behavioral research into howthe mindprocesses feelings. Hisgoal, he announceson the cover, istoredefine what it means to be sm

16、art. His thesis: when it comes topredicting peoples success, brainpower as measured by IQ andstandardized achievement tests may actually matter less than thequalitiesof mindonce thought of as character before the word beganto sound old-fashioned.At first glance, there would seem to be little thats n

17、ew here to anyclose reader of fortune cookies. There may be noless original idea thanthe notion that our hearts hold dominion over our heads.I was so angry,we say,I couldnt think straight. Neither is it surprising that peopleskills are useful, which amounts to saying, itsgood to be nice.Its so truei

18、tstrivial, says Dr. Paul McHugh, director of psychiatry at Johns HopkinsUniversity School of Medicine. But ifit were that simple, the book wouldnot be quite so interesting or itsimplicationsso controversial.Thisisnoabstract investigation. Goleman islooking for antidotes torestore civility to our str

19、eets and caring to our communal life. He seespractical applications everywhere for how companies should decidewhom to hire, how couples can increase the odds that their marriages willlast, how parents should raise their children and how schools shouldteach them. When street gangs substitute for fami

20、lies and schoolyardinsultsend in stabbings, when more than half of marriages end in divorce,.when the majority of the children murdered in this country are killed byparents and stepparents, many of whom say they were trying to disciplinethe child for behavior like blocking the TV or crying too much,

21、 it suggestsademand for remedial emotional education.And it is here the arguments will break out. Golemans highlypopularized conclusions, says McHugh,will chill any veteran scholar ofpsychotherapy and any neuroscientist who worries about how hisresearch may come to be applied. While many researchers

22、 in thisrelatively new field are glad to see emotional issues finally taken seriously,they fear that anotion as handy as EQ invitesmisuse. Goleman admits thedanger of suggesting that you can assign anumerical value to apersonscharacter as well as his intellect; Goleman never even uses the phrase EQi

23、n his book. But he did somewhat reluctantly approve an unscientific EQtest in USA Today with choices like I am aware of even subtle feelingsas Ihave them, and I can sense the pulse of a group or relationship andstate unspoken feelings.You dont want to take an average of your emotional skill, arguesH

24、arvard psychology professor Jerome Kagan, a pioneer inchild-development research.Thats whats wrong with the concept ofintelligence for mental skillstoo. Some people handle anger well but canthandle fear. Some people cant take joy. So each emotion has to beviewed differently. EQ isnot the opposite of

25、 IQ. Some people are blessed.with alot of both, some with little of either. What researchers have beentrying to understand is how they complement each other; how onesability to handle stress, for instance, affects the ability to concentrate andput intelligence to use. Among the ingredients for succe

26、ss, researchersnow generally agree that IQ counts for about 20%; the rest depends oneverything from class to luck to the neural pathways that have developedin the brain over millionsof years of human evolution.(1 047 words)New WordsEQ(abbr.)emotional quotient 情商interactvi.(with) act or have an effec

27、t on each other 相互作用；相互影响marshmallown.soft sweet made from sugar and gelatine 果汁软糖tormentn.severe physical or mental suffering （肉体或精神上的）折磨，痛苦vt. cause severe suffering to 折磨；使痛苦errandn.small job that requires ashort journey, usu. for sb. else （短程的）差事，差使hard-earned.a. gained with great difficulty or

28、effort 辛苦挣来的surveyn.investigation 调查adventurousa. eager for or fond of adventure 渴望冒险的，喜欢冒险的dependablea. that may be depended on 可信赖的，可靠的scholastica. of schools and education 学校的；的；学业的aptituden.natural ability or skill 天生的才能或技巧；天资brilliancen.the quality of being brilliantwoollya.羊毛（制）的；产羊毛的；像羊毛的mism

29、atchvt. match (people or things) wrongly or unsuitably 使错配，配合不当sockn.short stocking covering the ankle and lower part of the leg 短袜ignitev.(cause to) catch fire, burn （使）着火，燃烧；发光dim.v.(cause to) become dim impulsivea.(of people and their behavior) marked by sudden action that isundertaken without ca

30、reful thought （指人或人的行为）凭冲动的；易冲动的messya. in astate of disorder; dirty: causing dirt or disorder 凌乱的；脏的；搞乱的；搞脏的upbeata. optimistic or cheerful 乐观的；快乐的resilienta. 1.有弹性的，有回弹力的；能复原的2.有复原力的；富有活力的；适应性强的empathyn.ability to imagine and share another persons feelings, experience,etc.同情；同感；共鸣handilyad.灵巧地，熟练地

31、；轻易地；近便地digestiblea. that can be digested; relatively easy to understand 可消化的；可吸收的；较易理解的.behaviorala. of behavior 行为的thesisn.1. statement or theory put forward and supported by argument 论题，命题；论点2. long written essay submitted by acandidate for auniversity degree;dissertation 毕业论文；学位standardizevt. ma

32、ke(sth.)conform to afixed standard, shape, quality, type, etc. 使（某事物）标准化；使合乎标准（或规格）fortunen.1. large amount of money; wealth 大笔的钱；财2. chance; luck 机会；运气3. persons destiny or future; fate 命运；前途cookien.biscuit 饼干fortune cookie(U.S.)thin biscuit, folded to hold a printed message (e.g.a proverb,prophecy

33、 or joke)served in Chinese restaurants（美）签语饼（中国餐馆的折叠形小饼，内有纸条，上写预测运气的格言或幽默套语）dominionn.(over) rule; powerful authority; effective control 统治；管辖；支配；.控制straightad. clearly, logically 清晰地；有条理地controversiala. causing or likely to cause argument or disagreement 引起争论的；有争议的abstracta. existing in thought or

34、as an idea but not having a physical orpractical existence 抽象的antidotecivilityn.fact or act of showing politeness; act of being civilized 礼貌，客气，谦恭communala. 1. of or referring to acommune or acommunity 公共的；社区的，集体的2. for the use of all; shared 公用的；共有的oddsn.(pl.) probability or chance 可能性；机会schoolyard

35、n.校园；操场.stabvt. pierce(sth.) or wound (sb.) with apointed tool or weapon; push (aknife, etc.) into sb./sth.人（或某物）stabbingn.instance of stabbing or being stabbed 用利器伤人stepparentn.继父，后父；继母，后母remedyvt.医治；治疗；补救；纠正remediala.补救的；纠正的；补习的popularizevt. 1. make (sth.) generally liked 使（某事物）被大家喜欢，使受大家欢迎2. make

36、 (sth.) known or available to the general public, esp. bypresenting it in an easily understandable form 使（某事物）众所周知；使普及chillvt. 1. make cold 使变冷；使冷却；使感到冷2. discourage 使沮丧；使扫兴.n.寒冷；风寒；冷淡；沮丧；扫兴scholarn.person who studies an academic subject deeply 学者psychotherapyn.treatment of mental disorders by psych

37、ological methods精神疗法；心理疗法neuroscientistn.神经系统家handya.(of an object, tool, machine, etc.) easy to use; useful for somepurpose 便于使用的；有用的numericala. of, expressed in or representing numbers数字的；用数字表示的；代表数字的approvevt. 1. have apositive opinion of 赞成；称许2. accept, permit or officially agree to 批准；允许；对表示认可neurala. the nerves 神经的pathwayn.way or track made for or by people walking 小路，小径（=Phrases and Expressions.one by oneseparately; individually in order 一个一个地；依次地right nowimmediately; at this moment