定语从句在写作中的应用概要课件

1、The Attributive Clause 定语从句在写作中的运用The Attributive Clause What is the Attributive clause?在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句复习 What is the Attributive claus 定语从句复习I have a friend先行词关系词定语从句The book that you boughtis very interesting.定语从句：一个句子作定语。先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。关系词：引导定语从句的词翻译：.的 （翻译在先行词的前面）who is good at sing

2、ing. 定语从句复习I have a friend先行词关系词定语定语从句复习定语从句The Restrictive Attributive Clause限制性定语从句The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause非限制性定语从句定语从句复习定语从句The Restrictive Attr关系代词关系副词who whom that which whose aswhen where why关系词非限制性定语从句与主句用逗号隔开, 不可用that引导且关系代词不可以省略，可用which/as代替整个主句。注意事项：关系代词关系副词who whom that whic

3、h 1.关系词分为_和_.2.关系词作用：_先行词成分所用关系词关系代词关系副词引导从句代替先行词充当成分who/thatWhom/that/who/可省which/thatthat/which/可省WhosewhereWhenWhy人主人宾物主宾定状语状语状语物人或物地点时间the reason1.关系词分为_和_.先1. I know the man _is working over there .2. The boy _ I saw yesterday lives in another town.3. The boy _John is speaking is my brother.4.

4、I know the boy _ father is a teacher who/thatwhose(who /whom /that) with whom5 .They planted the trees _ didnt need much water 6 .The fish _ we bought were not fresh 7 .This is the mountain _ I told you .8. We are living in a building _doors face south.that/which(that/which)about whichwhose1. I know

5、 the man _i9. I like the house _we live now .10. I remember the day _China was founded .11.This is the reason _Tom was late .wherewhenwhy12. I saw a woman _bag was stolen.13. The reason _he was late was that he got up late. 14. I still remember the day _I first came to Beijing.15. It is an important

6、 day _ I will never forget.16. The park _ they paid a visit to is beautiful.whosewhywhenwhichwhich9. I like the house _we17.His father, _ works in Beijing, came back yesterday.18. Shanghai, _is in East China, is developing quickly.19.My mother, _ you met last year, keeps telling me not to take them

7、because they are dangerous.20.He failed in the exam , _ made his parents angry.whowhichwhomwhich17.His father, _ works 关系代词as与which引导非限制性定语从句的区别.1.位置:as从句可在主句前或主句后,而which从句只可在主句后.2.意义:as从句常是一些固定结构,(如as is known to all, as we expected, as everybody knows等,而且译为”正如.,恰如”.) which从句多为对主句的一种评价看法,或者主从句之间形成一

8、种因果关系.关系代词as与which引导非限制性定语从句的区别.The earth is round._ is known to all.The earth is round,_ is known to all._ is known to all, the earth is round_ is known to all that the earth is round._is known to all is _the earth is round.Itwhich/ as AsItas 具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的，如：as you know/ as you see/as we pla

9、nned/as we expected定语从句在句首时只能用as,He failed in the exam, which made his parents angry.As we had expected, he failed in the exam.What thatThe earth is round._ is knas 引导的非限制性定语从句 (1)This is the same pen as I lost.This is the same pen that I lost.Please compare:这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。这本书就是我丢的那本。as 引导的非限制性定语从句 (

10、1)This is the as 引导的限制性定语从句 (2)This is such an interesting book _ we all like.This is so interesting a book _ we all like.This is such an interesting book _we all like it.This is so interesting a book _we all like it.asthatPlease complete the following sentences and compare:asthat这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。(定

11、语从句)这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。(结果状语从句)as 引导的限制性定语从句 (2)This is such 定语从句与并列句的区别：1.The old man has two sons. Both of _are doctors.2.The old man has two sons, and both of _ are doctors.3.The old man has two sons, both of _are doctors.themthemwhom定语从句与并列句的区别：themthemwhom重点:介词+关系代词提醒: 介词关系代词引导的定语从句, 关键 是判断介词的选择.方法一

12、:根据从句中动词与介词的习惯搭配 或先行词与介词的习惯搭配1.The man _ you shook hands just now is our headmaster.with whomin which2.The room _ my family live used to be a garage.重点:介词+关系代词提醒: 介词关系代词引导的定语从句,当遇固定词组时，介词一般紧跟词组主体，不作前置 Is this the book (which/that) you are looking for ? 注意：关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。此时关系代词只能用w

13、hich 或 whom; 不可用that 或who 代替当遇固定词组时，介词一般紧跟词组主体，不作前置 Is thi1.介词+关系代词=关系副词on which=whenin which =wherefor which=whyWell never forget the day _ we join the Party.Tom lives in a town _there are many cultural events.Finding a job as a singer was the reason _I moved.方法二:根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系1.介词+关系代词=关系副词on wh

14、ich=whenin This is the teacher whose daughter is a famous doctor.=This is the teacher_ is a famous doctor. 2.名词+介词+关系代词the daughter of whom=of whom the daughter2.名词+介词+关系代词the daughter of whRecently I bought an ancient Chinese vase（花瓶）, _ was very reasonable（合理的）. A. which price B. the price of whic

15、hC. its price D. the price of whose Recently I bought an ancient CWe have three foreign teachers, _are from Canada. (其中的两个）3.数词+介词+关系代词(含基数词，序数词，分数和百分数） two of whomWe have three foreign teachersThe factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% _ are sold abroad. A. of whichB. which

16、of C. of them D. of that The factory produces half a mi4. 代词+介词+关系代词（代词有all, both, none, neither, either, some, any等） The old woman has two sons, _ are teachers.（两个都是）both of whom4. 代词+介词+关系代词（代词有all, both, noLast week, two persons came to see the house, _wanted to buy it.A. both of theyB. neither o

17、f whom C. both of them D. all of whomLast week, two persons came to5. 形容词最高级+介词+关系代词China has thousands of islands, _ is Taiwan Island.（其中最大的）the largest of which5. 形容词最高级+介词+关系代词China has tho There are two buildings, _ stands nearly a hundred feet high. A. the larger B. the larger of them C. the la

18、rger one that D. the larger of which There are two buildings, _1. She will never forget the day_ she spent in Beijing.A、when B、whatC、which D、whyC She will never forget the day_ she stayed with him in Beijing.A综合练习1. She will never forget the d2. I，_ your good friend, will try my best to help you out

19、.A、who is B、what is C、what am D、who am D3. Which of the two cows _ you keep produces more milk?A、which B、thatC、what D、asB2. I，_ your good friend, 4. His walking stick, _ he cant walk, was lost yesterday.A、thatB、with whichC、whichD、without whichD4. His walking stick, _ he 5. There are three libraries

20、in our school, _ were built five years ago.A、all of them B、either of themC、all of which D、both of that6.I bought some books from the bookstore, five _were English novels.A. of which B. whichC. that D. in whichCA名词/代词/数词+of+ which /whom引导非限定性定语从句5. There are three libraries i7. (06浙江) I was given thr

21、ee books on cooking, the first _I really enjoyed. A. of that B. of which C. that D. whichB8. The watches which _ repaired last week have not been sent back . A. was B. is C. were D. are C7. (06浙江) I was given three bo9.Here are players from Japan, some of _ are our old friends. Here are some players

22、 from Japan and some of _ are our old friends. A. which B. that C. whom D. them10.改错：I have two sons, both of them enjoy English.非限制性定语从句并列句CDthem改为whomboth前加and9.Here are players from Japan,强调时间状语和地点状语时与定语从句的区别：1. It was in 1921 that our Party was founded.2. It was 1921 when our Party was founded.3

23、. It was at the street corner that I met Lucy yesterday.4. It was the street corner where I met Lucy yesterday. 3.Was it in this palace _ the last emperor died? A. that B. in which C. in where D. which1. It was on the farm _ we practised planting crops.2. It was the farm _ we learned a lot .thatwher

24、e4 .It was yesterday when we chatted a lot on line .(改错）5. It was at there that Tom was killed yesterday . (改错）Test:thatat(强调句式)(其他从句)强调时间状语和地点状语时与定语从句的区别：3.Was it They finished the experiment in the lab that which was set up by Mr Smith .强调句型中含有定语从句 定语从句It was in the lab that was set up by Mr Smith

25、 that they finished the experiment .They finished the experiment i强调句型中含有定语从句 1.It was in the small house was built with stones by his father he spent his childhood. A. which that B. that where C. which which D. that which2.It was playing computer games cost the boy plenty of time he ought to have s

26、pent doing his lessons.that which 3.Where did you meet Tom?-It was at the hotel _he stayed .领会wherethat I met Tom .强调句型中含有定语从句that which 3.Where 同位语从句与定语从句的区别:相同点：从句前都是名词。不同点： 1.同位语从句用以解释、说明名词的内容 定语从句用以修饰、限定名词或代词 2.同位语从句中引导词再从句中不做成分，不可省 定语从句中关系词替代前面的名词或代词，在从句中做成分，做宾语时可省略。注意 同位语从句与定语从3.同位语从句的引导词不可省略;

27、 定语从句的关系代词作宾语时常可省略。 The news that he died is true.The news is true.That he died is true.他死了这个消息是真的。 The news (that) he told me is exciting.他告诉我的这个消息很振奋人心。3.同位语从句的引导词不可省略;The news that 填入适当的连接词，并判断是定语从句还是同位语从句： 1) The fact_ he used to be a thief is known to all. 2) We were surprised by the fact _ she

28、 told us. 3) The next thing _ must be done is to make a plan. 4) Word came _ our army had won the battle.5) Weve just heard a warning on the radio _ a hurricane is likely to come.that同that/which定that定that同that同 填入适当的连接词，并判断是定语从句还是同位语从句：that改错练习1 The watch that my father gave it to me was made in Sha

29、nghai .2 He wrote a lot of novels , most of them were popular. 3 He is the only one of the teachers who know Japanese. 4 1949 was the year when marked the beginning of the new life. 5 The house which windows were damaged has been repaired. 6 It was the bus stop that I met her.7 That was the reason w

30、hy he gave me yesterday .whichknowswhichwhosewhereatwhich改错练习1 The watch that my father8.I dont like the way which you talked to your friend.9. Soon they came to a farm house, and in front of which sat a small boy.10. We heard the news which our team won the game.11. The reason which he explained it

31、 sounds reasonable.12 The factory where we worked there last year was built in 2000.13 I often think of the days when I spent with him.14 Can you show me the book which were written by your friend ?15 I live in the room whose window face south. whichfacesthatinitthat was8.I dont like the way which y

32、总结：1.正确使用关系代词（作主语、宾语、定语或表语） 和关系副词（作状语）2.先行词在从句中不能重复出现。3.注意定语从句中谓语动词的单复数。（看先行词）4.注意强调句与定语从句的区分。5.注意定语从句中介词+关系词用法中介词的选择。总结：定语从句之定语从句在作文中的简单运用定语从句之定语从句在作文中的简单运用用定语从句翻译短语和句子1.一个叫做Tom的男孩a boy who is called Tom 3.教我们英语的老师the teacher who teaches us English 2.我认识一个叫做Tom的男孩。I know a boy who is called Tom.4.

33、教我英语的老师来自于美国。The teacher who teaches us English comes from American用定语从句翻译短语和句子1.一个叫做Tom的男孩a boy 5.昨天我妈妈给我的钱the money that my mother gave me yesterday 7.矗立在河边的楼房The building which stands by the river6. 我丢了昨天妈妈给我的钱I lost the money that my mother gave me yesterday.8. 矗立在河边的楼房是我们的学校。The building which

34、stands by the river is our school.9.那位皮包被偷了的女士 the woman whose bag was stolen10. 那位皮包被偷了的女士报了警。The woman whose bag was stolen called the police. 5.昨天我妈妈给我的钱the money that my 11. 我们在农场工作的开心日子the happy time when we worked on the farm 12. 我们永远无法忘记我们在农场工作的开心日子。We will never forget the happy time when we

35、 worked on the farm 13. 她工作的工厂the factory where she works14. 我们昨天参观了她工作的工厂。We visited the factory where she works yesterday. 11. 我们在农场工作的开心日子the happy tim15. 她没有去学校的原因the reason why she didnt go to school16. 她没有去学校的原因是她病了。The reason why she didnt go to school was that she was ill.17. 汤姆又迟到了，这使老师很生气。

36、Tom was late again, which made the teacher angry.18. 玛丽在英语竞赛中获得第一名，这使他父母很高兴。Mary won the first place in the English Competition, which made her parents very happy.15. 她没有去学校的原因the reason why sh翻译下列句子1.不努力学习的学生不会通过考试的。The students who dont study hard will not pass the exam.2.她上周买的房子非常好看。The house ,wh

37、ich she bought last week ,is very nice .翻译下列句子1.不努力学习的学生不会通过考试的。The st3.这就是他爸爸工作的地方。This is the place where his father works.4.你们已经取得了很大的进 步，这使老师非常高兴.You have made great progress, which makes your teacher very happy.3.这就是他爸爸工作的地方。This is the plac5.众所周知，他是一个好学生。As is well-known, he is a good student.

38、It is well-known that he is a good student.What is well-known is that he is a good student.6.北京是中国的首都，它是一座 美丽的城市。Beijing, which is the capital city of China, is a very beautiful city.5.众所周知，他是一个好学生。As is well-know7.鲁迅的原名(real name)是周树人。在他的一生中他写了很多小说和散文（prose)Luxun, whose real name is ZhouShuren, wrote many novels and proses in