旅游英语翻译技巧课件

1、Everybody knows that China is a very big country in the world .It has a long history .there are many interesting places here.such as the Great wall ,the Summer palace and so on.so every year lots of people will come here to visit .“江山如此多娇，引无数英雄竞折腰”。中国的山水文化丰富，历史文化厚重，风土人情多姿多彩，真可谓“风景这边独好！”中国人喜闻乐见的诗词、楹联

2、，有诗情画意名称的风景名胜，百吃不厌的名菜名点，优美动听的古代传说，令人眼花缭乱的京剧武打，以及更多的独具中国文化特色的东西，都是海外游客慕名而来的原因。而遗憾的是，太多的趣味山水之趣、人文之趣、乡音之趣丢失在翻译之中（lost in translation） 如何将岳飞的满江红译得朗朗上口，又保持气势？ 如何让欧美游客更多欣赏到西湖天下景的“水水山山处处明明秀秀，晴晴雨雨时时好好奇奇”？ 如何翻译小吃“西施舌”中的西施？ 如何译出佛教中雅俗共赏的对子“大肚能容容世上难容之事，开口便笑笑天下可笑之人”？旅游文体翻译浙江电大 舒晓杨ContentsTourism English introduc

3、tionThe problems and principles in Tourism translationNewmarks translation theories and its application in travelTourism English translation in cultural perspective Impact of cultural differences on tourism English translation Strategies of tourism translation in cultural perspective旅游翻译的分类翻译手段导译、口译

4、（包括视译、交传和同传）、笔译和机器翻译。翻译题材涉及语言语内翻译（intra-lingual ）语际翻译 （inter-lingual ）符际翻译 （inter-semiotic ）专业性翻译（如同科技翻译、法律翻译等）一般性翻译（如应用文、社交、日常生活等的翻译）文学翻译 （如诗词、楹联、散文等的翻译）Translation means :Guided translationInterpretation ( including sight translation, consecutive interpretation and simultaneous interpretation )Mac

5、hine TranslationThe classification of tourism translationTranslation themes :Professional translation ( such as technical translation, legal translation, etc. )General translation (such as practical , social, and daily life , etc.)Literary Translation ( such as poems, couplets , prose ,etc.)The clas

6、sification of tourism translationinvolve language： Intra-lingual（语内翻译） Inter-lingual（语际翻译 ） Inter-semiotic（符际翻译 ）旅游翻译的分类CONTENTScontents1.Tourist guide (旅游指南)2. Travel itinerary（旅游日程）3. Notice（通知）4. Travel advertising and tour conditions （广告和条件书）5. Guidebook (导游词）headlineThe function of English used

7、 in travel is communication between different cultures, different places and different society. So in translation, adequate cultural conversion should be made to complete the cultural communication.FUNTIONSinformativeThe language should has enough and correct message which can be understood. directi

8、veTo guide visitors find the significance of landscape or sites.evocativeTo create certain feelings among the visitors.The problems and principles in Tourism translation 2、The style difference between Chinese and English E.g.满树金花、芳香四溢的金桂；花如白雪、香气 扑鼻的银桂；红里透黄、花多味浓的紫砂桂；花色似银、季季有花的四季桂；竞相开放，竞艳媲美。进入桂林公园，阵阵桂

9、香扑鼻而来。 The Park of Sweet Osmanthus is noted for its profusion of osmanthus treesFlowers from these trees in different colors are in full bloom which pervade the whole garden with the fragrance of their blossomsRevised: The Park of Sweet Osmanthus is known for its profusion of osmanthus trees and var

10、iety of osmanthus flowersIt boasts golden osmanthus，silver osmanthus，purple osmanthus，four-season osmanthus，and much moreThey are in full bloom in the golden fall，filling the whole garden with their sweet fragrance Source language orientation/Source language culture orientation(以译出语或译出语文化为取向) This s

11、tandard is often used in tourism translation in order to retain the original authentic and distinctive features. E.g. Yellow Stone Park, Minzu Hotel, Lingyin Temple; Jiuzhaigou Valley。 The principles of tourism translationTarget language orientation/Target language culture orientation（以译入语或译入语文化为取向）

12、 This standard makes it easy for tourists to understand. E.g.望湖饭店（lakeview hotel） 颐和园（Summer Palace）The principles of tourism translationTourist orientation（以旅游者为取向） This standard should be the first choice among all standards. E.g.这种冬青树，你们称为“圣诞树”，我们俗称“鸟不宿”。 This holly is what you call a “Christmas

13、tree”, and it is what locally known as “unperchable”. The principles of tourism translationEsthetic orientation（以美学为取向） This standard is mainly used to translate poetry, couplets when publicity and popularize the Chinese landscape culture. The purpose of it is to express the aesthetic value of the w

14、orks as much as possible.E.g. 仿膳Imperial Food 杭州煨鸡-Beggars Chicken 狗不理-Dogs Dont Leave 西施舌The Beautys Tongue The principles of tourism translationNewmarks translation theories and its application in travel（1）semantic translation（语义翻译）（2）communication translation（交际翻译）The target language structureTo

15、make the target readers by the effects of theSource language readers by the effects of the same In the translation of travel , we should combine the Semantic translation with communicative translation.Introduction of Newmarks theorySemantic translation(语义翻译) and communicative translation（交际翻译） are t

16、he most influential and characteristic part of Newmarks translation theoriesSemantic translation emphasized the semantic content of the original while communicative translation stressed the under-standing and response of target reader.Introduction of Newmarks theory（2）苏州拙政园有一幅明代书画家文徴明手书的唐代诗句组成的对联： 蝉

17、噪林愈静 鸟鸣山更幽 英译为： Cicadas, chirping, make the forest all the more peaceful, Birds, singing, make the mountain all the more secluded. Translation of couplets（3） 水水山山处处明明秀秀 晴晴雨雨时时好好奇奇字面直译为： Water Water Hill Hill Place Place Bright Bright Beautiful Beautiful; Fine Fine Rain Rain Moment Moment Pleasant Pl

18、easant Wonderful Wonderful. 意译为： With water and hill, every place looks bright and beautiful; Rain or shine, every moment appears pleasant and wonderful. （陈刚，2004）Translation of couplets（4） 大肚能容容世上难容之事 开口便笑笑天下可笑之人英译时可保持句子结构的对应： His belly is big enough to contain all intolerable things on earth; His

19、mouth is ever ready to laugh at all snobbish persons under heaven. （陈刚，2004）Translation of couplets（5） 重重叠叠山， 曲曲环环路， 丁丁冬冬泉， 高高下下树。保持词义层对应： The hills range after range; The trails winding and climbing; The creeks murmuring and gurgling; The trees high and lowlyTranslation of coupletsImpact of cultura

20、l differences on tourism English translationContentsCultural factors in tourist materialsTranslation Difficulties Caused by Cultural DifferencesThe Principle of Skopostheorie in Tourist Translation1. Cultural factors in tourist materialsBuddhism and Taoism（佛教道教） Religious Culture南京“六朝古都” “十代都会” Hist

21、orical CultureIt used to be the capital of six dynasties or called the national capital of ten dynasties.It used to be the capital of six dynasties and the national capital ten times.Christianity（基督教）VS兰州 “金城” Geography Culture Cuisine Culture全家福stewed assorted meats1. Cultural factors in tourist ma

22、terials译文1：Gold City译文2： City of metal, which means a strongly fortified city蚂蚁上树bean vermicelli with spicy meat sauce西湖藕粉lotus root paste/powder /pudding (starch)2. Difficulties Caused by Cultural Differences in Translation Lexical（词汇） DifficultiesBlank of Word Meaning（词义缺失）Conflicts of Word Meanin

23、g（词意冲突）“the west wind” (西风）“生肖”Chinese people traditionally use 12 animals, representing the 12 Earthly Branches, to symbolize the year in which a person is born. for ChineseSentiment and desolationfor Britain hope, spring and power2. Difficulties Caused by Cultural Differences in Translation Stylis

24、tic（文体） DifficultiesFlowery versus Concise （华丽与简洁）Parataxis versus Hypotaxis（形合与意合）巫峡两岸，群山相拥，云遮雾绕，奇峰异岭隐没其间，宛如仙境。景色奇妙处要数巫山十二峰，而尤以神女峰独具神韵。巡游于此恍若漫步于大自然的艺术长廊，美不胜收.On the bank of the Wu Gorge are mist-covered fairy-land-like mountains and grotesque peaks. The most marvelous scene here is the twelve mount

25、ains peaks, and in particular, Goddess Mount peak. To cruise here in like wandering in a natural art gallery.3. The Principle of Skopostheorie in Tourist TranslationSkopos Rule(目的法则）Coherence Rule(连贯法则）Fidelity Rule（忠实法则）The top-ranking rule for any translationThe end justifies the means.（目的决定手段）The

26、 target tests must be comprehensible to receivers in target language culture and the communicative situation.There must be an inter-textual coherence between the source tests and target texts.Each text is produced for a given purpose and should serve this purpose.Hans VermeerExamples北京的嘴，西安的腿，桂林的山和水

27、。 译文1：Beijings leg，Xians mouth，and Guilins mountain and water.译文2：In Beijing, there are so many places to see that the tourist guide has to walk a lot; in Xian, there are so many histories to tell that he has to talk a lot; in Guilin, he does not have to talk or walk a lot, because the beautiful mou

28、ntains and rivers are attractive enough for the travelers themselves to see and enjoy. 该旅馆位于“十里蛙声不断，九溪曲流潺潺”的好地方。译文：This is a really comfortable hotel endowed with poetic environment.croaking of frogs（蛙声） babbling of streams（潺潺流水）3. The Principle of Skopostheorie in Tourist TranslationThanks you!Stra

29、tegies of tourist translationRewriteAmplificationDelete ApproachTranslation of tourist signsTranslation of tourist attractionsMain contentsCulture substitution汉语景点的名称，从其语法结构上分析可以表示为“专有名称+通名（种类名称）”的偏正词组形式。如：“乾清宫”、 “云居寺”Literal translation 直译 通名（种类名词）Liberal translation 意译 专有名词Transcription 音译 Transla

30、tion of tourist attractions(1)专名音译 通名直译豫园 Yu-Garden漓江 Li-River少林寺 Shaolin-Temple翻译中国自然景观和人文景观的名称大多不完全用音译，而是采取直译、意译、音译兼三种方法结合等：Translation of tourist attractions(2) 专名和通名均意译，即“意译+意译”玉佛寺 Jade Buddha Temple颐和园 The Summer Palace虎丘 Tiger Hill钟楼 Clock Tower碑林 Stone ForestTranslation of tourist attractions

31、（3）音译和意译结合（音译加注解法）For example大观园 Daguanyuan (Grand View Garden)稻香村 Daoxiangcun(Paddy-Sweet Cottage) 怡红院 Yihongyuan (Happy Red Court)花港观鱼 Hua Gang Guan Yu (Viewing Fish at Flower Harbor)孤山 Gushan (Solitary Hill)Translation of tourist attractions简明性（concise ） 传递信息（informative） 诱导行动 （appellative) For e

32、xample湖区水深，注意安全。 Deep water! Beware.需要帮助，请按按钮/请按铃 Press/Ring for assistance珍惜文物古迹，勿乱刻乱涂。 No graffiti!小心碰头 Caution: low ceilingHong Kong，live it love it. 香港，乐在此，爱在此Welcome to Jiangsu，the heartland of Orient culture! 梦江苏情与水的中国文化之乡Translation of tourist signsWater Park增添理解原文内容所必需的背景知识For example清明节Qing

33、 Ming Festival，a time to remember the dead when people traditionally go to visit the tombs of the deceased泼水节Water-Sprinkling Festival （a big festival for the Dai nationality to wish everyone happiness by splashing water to one another绍兴是越瓷的产地。Shaoxing is the home of Yue Porcelain. Yue is a state name used to refer to the Shaoxing region in Ancient China. 如果不增加说明，外国游客不知这种瓷器为什么叫越瓷，以不知绍兴和“越”有何关系。Amplification借用手法指借典译典，借译语表达式和形象来翻译源语有特定文化含义的表达式和形象，以求等效”（何自然等，2004） 梁山伯与祝英台罗密欧与