医学专业英语词汇培训课件

1、医学专业英语词汇医学专业英语词汇origin of medical English words1. from common English2. from Latin 3. from Greek 4. coinage医学专业英语词汇2origin of medical English wor1. words coming from common English: whooping cough百日咳A highly contagious disease of the respiratory system, usually affecting children, that is caused by

2、the bacterium Bordetella pertussis and is characterized in its advanced stage by spasms of coughing interspersed with deep, noisy inspirations. Also called pertussis 百日咳 医学专业英语词汇31. words coming from common E pinkeye /epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (角膜结膜炎)knock-knee/genu valgum (膝内翻)athletes foot /ti

3、nea pedis足廯piles/hemorrhoids (痔疮)lockjaw/tetanus (破伤风)fits/convulsion (惊厥）医学专业英语词汇4 pinkeye /epidemic keratoconjFever发热; short-sight近视 ; consumption 肺痨（消耗） nettle rash; 风疹stroke; 中风 baldness; indigestion; 消化不良 blister; 水疱，砂眼Swelling肿; measles麻疹Rabies狂犬病; windpipe气管医学专业英语词汇5Fever发热; Words coming from

4、 Latinhuman bodyanatomyfunction or statuscerebrum (脑）ala（翼）rigor（寒战）pelvis（骨盆）plexus（丛）stuporcornea（角膜）plica（皱襞）nausea humerus（肱骨）fossa（窝）tonus（肌肉的强直性, 强直性痉挛）医学专业英语词汇6Words coming from Latinhuman bcapita（头）cervix (颈）bronchus（支气管）Abdomen腹部，腹腔brachium (臂）aorta（主动脉）os（骨）医学专业英语词汇7capita（头）医学专业英语词汇7remem

5、ber them:cutis （真皮）fascia（筋膜） corpusgenu（膝） vertebra（椎骨）labium（唇） sinus（窦）医学专业英语词汇8医学专业英语词汇8Words coming from Greekthorax （胸）iris（虹膜）metra（子宫）colon（结肠）stenosis（狭窄）stasis（停滞）ptosis（下垂）ectopia（异位）医学专业英语词汇9Words coming from Greekthorax other common medical words from Greekstoma （口，小空） soma（身体，躯干） glott

6、is（声门）derma （真皮）larynx（喉）nephron（肾单位）rachis（脊柱）pharynx（咽）phalanx（指骨）医学专业英语词汇10other common medical words frocoinageTularemia ( Tulare；a place in California) （土拉菌病,兔热病；野兔病）Cushing Disease (first discovered by Harvey Cushing)Ven De berghs test ( to test icterus and liver disease)医学专业英语词汇11coinageTular

7、emia ( Tulare；a psome common coinagesAlzheimers disease /presenile dementia (早老性痴呆）Gravess disease/exophthalmic goiter（突眼性甲状腺肿）Parkinsons disease/paralysis agitans（震颤麻痹）Addisons disease/chronic hypoadrenocorticism（慢性肾上腺皮质功能减退）Potts disease /spinal caries（脊柱骨疽）医学专业英语词汇12some common coinagesAlzheimerb

8、asic elements of medical words1. root (base)2. affixes: prefixes suffixes3. Vowels元音 thats join the parts above mentioned医学专业英语词汇13basic elements of medical wordSome examples of roots(bases)Word Root MeaningEpigraphic碑文的graphwritingAtrophy萎缩trophnourishing 医学专业英语词汇14Some examples of roots(bases)Some

9、 examples of roots(bases)Word Root MeaningLobotomy额叶切除术Lob(e)A subdivision of a bodily organ or part bounded by fissures, connective tissue, or other structural boundaries.医学专业英语词汇15Some examples of roots(bases)Word RootMeaningUrology泌尿学ur(ine)waste, fluid, acid product secreted by the kidneysIrotom

10、y虹膜切开术ir(is) pigmented, round, contractile membrane of the eye,pericardiotomy 心包切开术cardioheart nephrotomy肾切开术nephrkidney医学专业英语词汇16Word RootMeaningUrology泌尿学ur( The combing vowelFind the combing vowels in the following words:geograph y地理Metropolis大都市Orthodox正统的Monotonous单调的Anthology诗集医学专业英语词汇17 The c

11、ombing vowel医学专业英语词optometrist (验光师)Urology泌尿学Hydrotherapy水疗法Auriscope耳镜Centigrade摄氏Milimeter毫米Pelvimeter骨盆测量器医学专业英语词汇18optometrist (验光师)医学专业英语词汇18医学专业英语词汇培训课件en, em (in, into) endemic（地方性的）exo (out of ) exocrine（外分泌） hypo (under, below) hypothermia（低温） hypothyroidism（甲状腺机能减退）hyper(over, above) hype

12、rdontia（牙过多）peri (around) pericardium（心包） 医学专业英语词汇20医学专业英语词汇20para (beside, near) paramedical（准医学的）anti(against) antibiotic（抗生素） antipyretic（退热剂）syn, sym, syl (together, with) syndrome（综合症） symbiosis（共生）epi(on) epidemic（流行病） 医学专业英语词汇21医学专业英语词汇21Some common prefixes from Latinin (without) insomnia (失

13、眠） in somnia睡梦 indigestion（消化不良）ante(before) antenatal（出生前的）pre(before) prealveolar（牙槽前的） prediastole（舒张前期）post(after) postmortem（死后） postpartum（产后）intra intracellular（细胞内的） intravenous（静脉内的）医学专业英语词汇22Some common prefixes from Latextra (outside) extradental (牙外的） extraoral（口外的）in ( into) inoculation

14、（接种） invasion（入侵）ex (out of ) excretion（排泄） expiration（呼气；终止）sub ( below, under) subnormal（低于正常的 sublingual（舌下的）infra (below, beneath) infrasonic（听阈下的） infrapsychic（精神阈下的）医学专业英语词汇23extra (outside) extradental (Some common suffixes from Greekia （状态） anorexia（厌食）ism（状态，理论) autism（孤僻症） giantism（巨型）osis

15、 （状态，增多） leukocytosis（白细胞增多）医学专业英语词汇24Some common suffixes from Greein （素） insulin（胰岛素）fibrin（纤维素）gen, genic, genesis (原；产生：的；产生）fibrinogen（纤维蛋白原） lactogenic（乳生成的）tropic, tropism （亲：的；促：的） hydrotropic（向水的）医学专业英语词汇25in （素） 医学专业英语词汇phobia, phobic （恐怖） hydrophobia（恐水病）philia, philicchromophilia (嗜染性）ph

16、otophilic（嗜光的）医学专业英语词汇26医学专业英语词汇26 Competing formsalso called duplication.use both Greek and Latin as sources for medical word bases. three types of competing forms :1) those that have the same base but different combing vowels;2) two forms of the same base;3) two bases with the same meaning.( one f

17、rom Greek, one from Latin)医学专业英语词汇27 Competing formsalso ca1) those that have the same base but different combing vowelsexample: Bronchial支气管的 bronchopneumonia支气管肺炎 Oviduct输卵管 ovoplasm卵浆 医学专业英语词汇28医学专业英语词汇282) two forms of the same base; example:Hemorrhage出血 hematology血液学 Irotomy虹膜切开术 iridomalacia虹膜

18、软化 医学专业英语词汇292) two forms of the same base;3) two bases with the same meaning.( one from Greek, one from Latin)synonym: denote the same object, process, condition, or function 医学专业英语词汇30医学专业英语词汇30example Latin Greek Meaning dentist 牙医 odont olog ist teethlacrimal 泪腺dacry o cysttearoral 口的stomat o pathymouth 医学专业英语词汇31example Latin Greek Meanin exercisesGive the meanings of the words given below: dentist odontologist lacrimal dacryocystoral stomatopathy医学专业英语词汇32 exercisesGive the meahemohematohematopoiesis（造血）hematocyte（血细胞）hematodynamics（血液动力学）sanguisanguifica