2021中考英语短文填空实例分析及解题技巧

1、2021 中英文实析题巧短文填空是中考英语重要的题型之一，它的分值是 15 ，分为 10 个小题，每小题 1.5 分占 整份英语试题分值的 （15/120 ）短文填空一般在一篇 200250 字左的故事性短文中挖出 10 个（一般一行或一句一个空 首句不设空）求生通读短文， 并根据上下文来补全短文， 每只能填一个单词 （能填数字） 。 主要考九大词类（名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词、数词、介词、连词、冠词）。该题旨在测试考生的英语阅读理解能力和简单的书面表达能力， 看是否能够运用所学过的英 语知识进行简单的书面交流，从而达到既考查学生的语言基础知识，又考查他们的观察能力、想 能力以及对语言的综

2、合运用能力。为了答好短文填空题目，我们要打好基础关。这个基础关既包括 1600 个词， 300 多个短以及 一部分常用句型和习惯用语的意思和用法， 也包括各种词的词形变化。 此重点介绍在短文空中 常考的名词和动词的词形变化。 略全文短文填空与完形填空一样，属于障碍性阅读，但它的难度比完形填空还要高，因为完形填空有四个备选答案，而短文填空没有提供备选答案，要求考生既能想得到答案， 还要写得对单词。所以在解题时，先略读全文，对全文有个大概了解。 逐填空在读完一遍之后，对短文内容有大概了解。然后运用所学的知识与技巧，根据文章 的大意，逐个填空。易的先填，难的做标记后填。绝对不能留空。 核答案全部题目

3、完成后，再复读一遍，核查答案。（1 检查答案注意动词的时态、语态。（2 检查名词要注意单复数。（3 检查形容词和副词的三个级别。（4 检查习惯用语、固定搭配等是否符合习惯。（5 检查上下文的连贯性，以及所填词是否符合逻辑。 寻宝”推理法寻“宝”推理法就是从上下文中找到相关的“宝”（信息点），通过逻辑推理，从 而填出与原句意思相符单词的方法。如：【典例】 It was a fine day last Sunday. John went to Tianlong supermarket todo some ） alone. Because it was a little far away from

4、his home,1he （2） his car there. Soon he got there and found room for his car.He parked his car and went into the （3 ） to buy the things he needed.Twenty minutes later, he finished shopping. He was very happy hecould （4） shopping in less than half an hour. At last he took the things slowly back to th

5、e car park. What a good day he had!【分析】：（1 ）A. 上下寻宝：从下文（倒数第二行）可寻到“宝”：“he could in less.”。B 判定答案：把“宝”代入句子中，意思完整，故确定答案填 shopping 。C 检查复核： 此处是不可数名词，不用 。（2 ）A. 上下寻宝：从下文（本空的后一句）可寻到“宝”：“Soon he got for hiscar” B. 判定答案：经过逻辑推理，只有开车去超市，才要找停车位，故确定答案填drive 。C. 检查复核： drive 动词。上半句动词用 was 为过去时，所以本空也要过 去时“drove”。（

6、3 上下寻宝从上第一行第二句 可寻到“宝”： “Tianlong supermarket”。B. 判定答案 : 把“宝”代入句子中，意思完整，故确定答案填 supermarket 。C. 检查 复核： supermarket 此处是可数名词，但此处没有复数的概念，不用 。 搭法根据短语，句型以及习惯用语的常用搭配来填词的方法。如：【典例】 With the environment becoming worse and worse, more and more peoplerealize the importance of protecting the environment. But ther

7、e are still somepeople paying less （1 ） to it. They something harmfulto Sunday I went to Garden to （2 .When I stepped into the gate of the garden, I felt comfortable at first because I could breathe the fresh air and enjoy the beautiful flowers and trees.But my （3 ） , I saw man lying in sleep net ha

8、nging （4 twotrees. I thought this kind of behavior would hurt the trees. How could he makemoney by hurting the trees like this? Without trees, how could we get the freshair? I dont know how to express my anger. I think ） is our duty2to protect the environment. So something must be done to stop this

9、kind of behavior.【分析】：（1 寻找搭配：从空格前后我们可寻到短语搭配：“pay attention to”。 B. 判定答案：由搭配可知，此处填 attention 一词。 C. 检查复核： attention 代入后，意 思通顺，符合逻辑，且 attention 是不可数名词，不用 。（2 寻找搭配： 从空格前我们可寻到短语搭配： “enjoy oneself” 判定答案：由搭配可知，此处缺了 oneself 一词。前面是 I ，所以此处填 。C. 检查复核： myself 入后，意思通顺，符合逻辑，且 myself 有词形变化。 前关系判断法根据所填空的前后部分之间的关

10、系来填词的方法。【典例】： our school, we sometimes have a special day to help others.We the day “Volunteer Day”. On that day, we often go peopleshome （1）help do the The old people were very happy （2 year we this kind several times. （3） we t do for they were thankful to They were lonely, they needed people to vi

11、sitthem and with them. （4）every one can do something for lonely old people, they will be happier.【分析】：（1 ）A. 分开关系部分或句子：从所填空句子意思，我们可将句子分两部分。第一部分“we often go tothe old peoples home” 。 第 部 “help them do thehousework”.B. 根据两部分之间关系， 判定答案 :两部分之间是并列关系， 要填 ；或者第二部分 “help themdo the housework”是“we often go to

12、 the oldpeopleshome”的目的。要填 。C. 检查复核： 或 to 代入后，意思通顺，符合逻辑。所以 此题答案可填 and 或 。（2 ）A. 分开关系部分或句子：从所填空句子意思，我们可将句子分两部分。第一部分 “the old peoplewere very happy”。第二部分 “every year we organize this kind of activitiesseveral ”.根据两部分之间关系，判定答案：老人们很高兴是因为每年我们有好3几次组织这样的活动。所以两部分之间是因果关系，此处要填表原因的词 because 检查复核： 代入后，意思通顺，符合逻辑

13、。所以此题答案可填 because 。（3 ）A. 分开关系部分或句子：从所填空句子意思，我们可将句子分两部分。第一部分“we dont do much for them”。第二部分 “they were thankful to us”.B. 根据两部分之间关系，判定答案：虽然我们为他们做的不多，但是他们对我们很感激。两部分之间是转折关系，故要填 Though. C. 检查复核： Though 代入后，意思通顺符合 逻辑。所以此题答案可填 Though 。（4 ）A. 分开关系部分或句子：从所填空句子意思，我们可将句子分两部分。第一部分“every one can do something f

14、or the lonely old people”。第二部分 “they willbe happier”.B. 根据两部分之间关系，判定答案 :如果每个人都能为孤单老人做些事情，他们就会更高兴。所以两部分之间是条件关系，要填 。C. 检查复核： If 代入 后，意思通顺，符合逻辑。所以此题答案可填 。1阅读短文，根据首字母或所给词的适当形式填空，使短文语意通顺。（每小题 1 分共 ）We cant remember (61) _ (clear) since when we started to takeour mobile phones to a dinner table. This happ

15、ens a lot, especially when we eatout. Once (62) d_ come, we take out our mobile phones and take photos (63)i_ of lifting our chopsticks. Later, we post the photos onto Webo orWechat, (64) (wait) to “liked”. Then checked our phonesfrom time to time during the meal, to see (65) w_ we get “liked” or no

16、t. We just cannot leave our mobile phones for simply a meal.Does that sound familiar to you? Do you do that often? If not, how do you feel when others do that when having dinner with you?A recent study (66) _ (suggest) that what we are used to doing isnot that Spending time taking photos of makes fo

17、od less pleasant.So, w _ not taking photos and enjoy the food of Besides the _ (science) result, there are also other influences of taking photos of food before meals. After posting the photos ontothe Internet, one will be unable to control himself and check his mobile phone4many times. “Does everyo

18、ne accept my photos ? I hope a lot of people likethem!” It seems like mobile phone secretly class your name all the time, even when you are (69) w_ real people.So, next time you go out to have dinner, how about not taking photos offood? Let the food be delicious as it is and share your life with oth

19、ers. Trust me, and it will be a (70) _ (wonder) time.【主旨大意】本文是一篇议论文。文中例举了当前一种普遍现象，人们在餐桌旁不是马上就餐，不是和朋友聊聊天，而是首先拿起手机拍照发微博或微信，然后做起了“低头党”作者认为这样严重影响就餐并建议就餐时停止拍照玩手机，而是单纯的享受美食。61. 【答案】 clearly remember 为行为动词，后用副词修饰，故把形容词 clear 改 为副词 clearly 。62. 答案dishes由句意一旦菜上上来了 人们开始取出手机拍照， 故填 。63. 【答案】 instead of 意为“代替；而不

20、是”，即人们开始取出手机拍 照而不是拿起筷子。64. 【答案】 waiting由上下文，发完微博或微信后，等着被“点赞”，等待的动作之伴随而进行的，故填现在分词。65. 【答案】 由句末 or not 可知此处应该填 whether,意为“去看是否被点赞”.66. 【答案】 suggests A recent study 为单数，故动词 suggest 用三单式。67. 【答案】 why Why not+ 动词原形？意为“为什么不.?” 常用于提建议。68. 【答案】 scientific 此处需用形容词修饰名词 ，故把名词 science 改为形 容词 scientific 。 【答案】 w

21、ith be with 意为“和.在一起”。 【答案】 wonderful / more wonderful 忘）的时光。由句意：相信我，那将是一段难忘（更难2(2018湖北黄冈 综合填空 (共 10 小 ;小题 1 , 满分 10 ) 阅读下面材料 ,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (提 :每空不超过三个单 )Each different part of China has own forms of traditional art. Theseusually try to show 70 are important in life, such as love,5beaut

22、y and family. The most common things, from paper to clay to bamboo, are turned into objects of beauty.According to Chinese history, sky lanterns were first used by Zhuge Kongming.He sent them out 71 ( ask) for help when in trouble. Today, sky lanternsare used at festivals and othercelebrations. They

23、 72 ( make) ofbamboo and covered with paper. When the lanterns are lit, they slowly rise intothe air small blloons for all see. seen bright symbol of 73 ( happy) and good wishes.Paper cutting 74 (be) around for over 1500 years. Paper cutingsounds very easy 75 it can be difficult to do. The paper, us

24、ually red,is folded before it is with scissors. The most common pictures are flowers,animals, and about Chinese history. During the Festival, they put on windows, doors and 76 symbols of for luck and a happy new year.Chinese clay art is famous because the clay pieces are so small but they lookvery r

25、eal. The pieces are usually cute children or lively characters from aChinese fairy tale or historical story. The pieces are 77 ( careful)shaped by hand from a very special kind of clay and then allowed to air-dry.Afer 78 ( they are fired a very heat. They are polishedand painted. It takes several we

26、eks 79 ( complete) everything. Thesesmall pieces of clay art show the love that all Chinese people have for life and beauty.【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文， 它介绍了中国传统文化中具有代表性的孔明灯、剪纸和泥塑等文化艺术。通过对传统中国文化元素的介绍，了解与中国传统文化艺术有关的风俗习惯和文 化背景。70. 【答案】 which 考查定语从句引导词。“These usually try to show thethings 70 are important in life,

27、such as love, beauty and family.”为“这些艺术形式通常尽力展示生活中重要的东西，例如爱、美和家庭。”由句意推知6意空格后是一个定语从句修饰前面的 things ，定语从句中修饰事物的引导词用 that 或 which 【答案】 to ask考查非谓语动词。“He sent them out 71 ( ask) forhelp when in trouble.”意为“当处于困境时，他就放出孔明灯求救。”ask 具有目的关系，英语中用动词不定式作目的状语。与前面72. 【答案】 考查一般现在时态的被动语态。 “They 72 ( make) ofbamboo and covered with p aper.”意为“它们是用竹子做的，外面用纸包裹着。”，make 和 they 具有被动关系，根据前面判断句子使用一般现在时态，故填 are made 。73. 【 答 案 】 考 。 “They are seen as bright symbolof 73 ( happy) and good wishes.”意为“它们被看做