2018高考英语试题分类汇编-阅读理解

1、. 164 - / NUMPAGES1642017年高考英语试题分类汇编阅读理解2016XXAL1PITORABOUT LIPITOR Lipitor is a prescription medicineAlong with diet and exercise,it lowersbad,cholesterolinyourbloodIt can also raisegoodcholesterol. Lipitor can lower the risk ofheart attack in patients with several common risk factors,including fam

2、ily history ofearly heart disease,high blood pressure,age and smoking. WHO IS LIPITOR FOR?Who can take LIPITOR：People who cannot lower theircholesterol enough with diet and exerciseAdults and children over l0Who should NOT take LIPITOR：Women who are pregnant,may be pregnant,or may become pregnant. L

3、ipitor may harm your unborn baby. women who are breast-feedingLipitor can pass into your breast milk and may harm your baby. People with liverproblems POSSIBLE SIDE EFFECTS OF LIPITOR Serious side effects in a small number ofpeople：Muscleproblems that can lead to kidneyproblems,including kidney fail

4、ureLiver problemsYour doctor may do blood tests to check your liver before you start Lipitor and while you are taking itCall your doctor right away ifyou have：Unexplained muscle pain or weakness,especially ifyou have a fever or feel very firedSwelling ofthe face,lips,tongue,andor throat that may cau

5、se difficulty in breathing or swallowingStomach pain Some common side effects ofLIPITOR are：Muscle painUpset stomachChanges in some blood testsHOW TOTAKE LIPITOR DO：Take Lipitor as prescribed by your doctor. Try to eat heart-healthy foods while you take Lipitor. Take Lipitor at any time ofday,with o

6、r without food. Ifyou miss a dose,take it as soon as you remember. But ifit has been more than 12 hours since your missed dose,waitTake the next dose at your regular time. Dont：Do not change or stop your dose before talking to your doctor. Do not start new medicines before talking to your doctor. 56

7、. What is a major function of Lipitor?A. To help quit smoking. B. To control blood pressure. C. To improve unhealthy diet. D. To lower bad cholesterol. 57. Taking Lipitor is helpful for . A. breast-feeding women B. women who are pregnantC. adults having heart diseaseD. teenagers with liver problems5

8、8. If it has been over 12 hours since you missed a dose, you should A. change the amount of your next doseB. eat more when taking your next doseC. have a dose as soon as you rememberD. take the next dose at your regular time59. Which of the following is a common side effect of taking Lipitor?A. Face

9、 swelling. B. Upset stomach. C. Kidney failure. D. Muscle weakness. 60. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To teach patients ways for quick recovery. B. To present a report on a scientific research. C. To show the importance of a good lifestyle. D. To give information about a kind of medicin

10、e. 本文为药品说明,主要介绍了药品Lipitor的作用、适用人群、副作用及服药的相关注意事项。56. 答案：D考点：细节理解解析：根据 Along with diet and exercise,it lowersbad,cholesterolinyourbloodIt can also raisegoodcholesterol. 可以推断出答案。57. 答案：C考点：细节理解解析：根据 Lipitor can lower the risk ofheart attack in patients with several common risk factors,including family

11、history ofearly heart disease,high blood pressure,age and smoking. 和 Adults and children over l0可以判断选C58. 答案：D考点：细节理解解析：根据 Ifyou miss a dose,take it as soon as you remember. But ifit has been more than12 hours since your missed dose,waitTake the next dose at your regular time. 可以得出答案59. 答案：B考点：细节理解解

12、析：根据 Some common side effects ofLIPITOR are：Muscle pain, Upset stomach, Changes in some blood tests 可以得出答案60. 答案：D考点：推理判断题解析：文章先总体介绍药品Lipitor的作用,接着介绍药品的适用人群及不适用人群,然后介绍药品的副作用,最后介绍服药的注意事项,由此可以判断选D项。B When Mary Moore began her high school in 1951, her mother told her, Be sure andtake a typing course so

13、 when this show business thing doesnt work out, youll havesomething to rely on. Mary responded in typical teenage fashion. From that moment on,the very last thing I ever thought about doing was taking a typing course, she recalls. The show business thing worked out, of course. In her career, Mary wo

14、n many awards. Only recently, when she began to write Growing Up Again, did she regret ignoring her morn,I dont know how to use a computer, she admits. Unlike her 1995 autobiography, After All, her second book is less about life as anaward-winning actress and more about living with diabetes . All th

15、e money from thebook is intended for the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation , an organizationshe serves as international chairman. I felt there was a need for a book like this, she says. I didnt want to lecture, but I wanted other diabetics to know that things get better whenwere self-controlled

16、and do our part in managing the disease. But she hasnt always practiced what she teaches. In her book, she describes that awfulday, almost 40 years ago, when she received two pieces of life-changing news. First, shehad lost the baby she was carrying, and second, tests showed that she had diabetes. I

17、n a childlike act, she left the hospital and treated herself to a box of doughnuts . Yearswould pass before she realized she had to grow upagainand take control of her diabetes,not let it control her. Only then did she kick her three-pack-a-day cigarette habit, overcomeher addiction to alcohol, and

18、begin to follow a balanced diet. Although her disease has affected her eyesight and forced her to the sidelines of thedance floor, she refuses to fall into self-pity. Everybody on earth can ask, why me? aboutsomething or other, she insists. It doesnt do any good. No one is immune toheartache, pain,

19、and disappointments. Sometimes we can make things better by helpingothers. Ive come to realize the importance of that as Ive grown up this second time. I wantto speak out and be as helpful as I can be. 61. Why did Mary feel regretful? A. She didnt achieve her ambition. B. She didnt take care of her

20、mother. C. She didnt complete her high school. D. She didnt follow her mothers advice. 62, We can know that before 1995 Mary A. had two books publishedB. received many career awardsC. knew how to use a computerD. supported the JDRF by writing 63. Marys second book Growing Up Again is mainly about he

21、r . A. living with diabetes B. successful show businessC. service for an organizationD. remembrance of her mother64. When Mary received the life-changing news, she . A. lost control of herselfB. began a balanced dietC. Med to get a treatmentD. behaved in an adult way65. What can we know from the las

22、t paragraph? A. Mary feels pity for herself. B. Mary has recovered from her disease. C. Mary wants to help others as much as possible. D. Mary determines to go back to the dance floor. 语篇解读本文为人物介绍说明文。主要介绍了玛丽摩尔的职业生涯及抗病之争。61. 答案D考点：细节理解题。解析：根据第二段Only recently,when she began to write Growing Up Again,d

23、id she regret ignoring her mom,I dont know how to use a computer,she admits. 可判断选D项。62. 答案B考点：细节理解题。解析：根据第二段The show business thing worked out,of course. In her career,Mary won many awards. 可判断选B项。63. 答案A考点：细节理解题。解析：根据第三段her second book is less about life as an awardwinning actress and more about li

24、ving with diabetes . 可判断选A项。64. 答案A考点：细节理解题。解析：根据第四段In a childlike act,she left the hospital and treated herself to a box of doughnuts . Years would pass before she realized she had to grow upagainand take control of her diabetes,not let it control her. 可判断选A项。65. 答案C考点：推理判断题。解析：根据最后一段中的Mary Moore 所

25、说的话Ive come to realize the importance of that as Ive grown up this second time. I want to speak out and be as helpful as I can be. 可推断她想尽可能地去帮助他人,故选C项。C People from East Asia tend to have more difficulty than those from Europe indistinguishing facial expressionsand a new report published online in C

26、urrent Biologyexplains why. Rachael Jack, University of Glasgow researcher, said that rather than scanning evenly across a face as Westerners do, Easterners fix their attention on the eyes. We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facialexpressions, Jack said. W

27、esterners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure,whereas Easterners favor the eyes and neglect the mouth. According to Jack and her colleagues, the discovery shows that human communicationof emotion is more complex than previously believed. As a result, facial expressions that had been cons

28、idered universally recognizable cannot be used to reliably convey emotion incross-cultural situations. The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions byrecording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while theyobserved pictures of.

29、expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised,fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral. They compared how accurately participants read thosefacial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies. It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes

30、and madesignificantly more errors than did Westerners. The cultural difference in eye movementsthat they show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions, Jacksaid. Our data suggest that whereas Westerners use the whole face to convey emotion,Easterners use the eyes more an

31、d mouth less. In short, the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of humanemotion. From here on, examining how cultural factors have diversified these basic socialskills will help our understanding of human emotion. Otherwise, when it comes tocommunicating emotions across cultu

32、res, Easterners and Westerners will find themselveslost in translation. 66. The discovery shows that Westerners . A. pay equal attention to the eyes and the mouth B. consider facial expressions universally reliable C. observe the eyes and the mouth in different ways D. have more difficulty in recogn

33、izing facial expressions67. What were the people asked to do in the study?A. To make a face at each other. B. To get their faces impressive. C. To classify some face pictures. D. To observe the researchers faces. 68. What does the underlined word they in Paragraph 6 refer to?A. The participants in t

34、he study. B. The researchers of the study. C. The errors made during the study. D. The data collected from the study. 69. In comparison with Westerners, Easterners are likely to . A. do translation more successfullyB. study the mouth more frequentlyC. examine the eyes more attentivelyD. read facial

35、expressions more correctly70. What can be the best title for the passage? A. The Eye as the Window to the SoulB. Cultural Differences in Reading EmotionsC. Effective Methods to Develop Social SkillsD. How to Increase Cross-cultural Understanding语篇解读本文为科普说明文。主要介绍了最新的科学研究发现：东方人比西方人更难于读懂他人的面部表情。66. 答案：

36、A考点：细节理解题解析：根据第三段 Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure,whereas Easterners favor the eyes and neglect the mouth. 可以得出答案67. 答案：C考点：细节理解题解析：根据第五段 byrecording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while theyobserved pictures of. expressive faces and put

37、 them into categories: happy, sad, surprised,fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral. 可以判断选C68. 答案：A考点：词义猜测解析：根据定语从句 that they show所修饰的 eye movements 在研究中为the participants 所作从the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people可知可判断选A69. 答案：C考点：细节理解题解析：根据第六段 It turned out that Easterners

38、 focused much greater attention on the eyes and madesignificantly more errors than did Westerners. 可判断选C70. 答案：B考点：主旨大意题解析：文章首先指出科学研究的最新发现：东方人比西方人更难于读懂人的面部表情。之后更具体地介绍研究的结构及其研究过程,最后得出结论：文化差异丰富了理解情感的基本社会技巧,即：不同的文化背景使人理解他人情感的方式也不尽相同。由此判断最佳标题应为BPart 1V Writing Section A Directions: Read the following pa

39、ssage. Fill in the numbered blanks by using theinformation from the passage. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer. An apprenticeship is aform of on-the-job training that combines workplace experienceand classroom learning. It can last anywhere from one to six years, but four years is typic

40、alfor most. An apprentice spends the majorityof the time in a workplace environmentlearning the practical skills of a career from a journeyman-someone who has done the jobfor many years. The rest of the apprentices time is spent in a classroom environmentlearning the theoretical skills the career re

41、quires. Being an apprentice is a full-timeundertaking. One of the advantages of apprenticeship is that it does not cost apprentices anything. The companies that hire them pay for school. Whats more, it offers apprentices an earnwhile you learn opportunity. They usually start out at half the pay of a

42、 journeyman, and thepay increases gradually as they move further along in the job and studies. Near the end ofthe apprenticeship, their wages are usually 90 percent of what a journeyman would receive. Apprenticeship also pays off for employers. It can offer employers a pool of well-trainedworkers to

43、 draw from. Despite the advantages, apprentices are usually required to work during the day andattend classes at night, which leaves little time for anything else. Sometimes, they might belaid off if business for the employers is slow. Once they have completed the apprenticeship and become journeyme

44、n, they receive anationally recognized and portable certification and their pay also increases again. Somejourneymen continue employment with the companies they apprenticed with; others go onto different companies or become self-employed contractors. 71. Apprenticeship 72. classroom learning73. the

45、majority 74. theoretical75. at the beginning 76. a jouneymans wages77. many well-trained workers. 78. being laid off79. Results 80. another pay increase71. 答案Apprenticeship解析：全文是围绕Apprenticeship而展开描写的,故填Apprenticeship。72. 答案classroom learning解析：根据第一段第一句An apprenticeship is a form of onthe job traini

46、ng that combines workplace experience and classroom learning. 可判断。73. 答案the majority解析：根据第一段An apprentice spends the majority of the time in a workplace environment learning the practical skills of a career from a journeyman可判断。74. 答案theoretical解析：根据第一段The rest of the apprentices time is spent in a

47、classroom environment learning the theoretical skills the career requires. 可判断。75. 答案at the beginning解析：根据第二段They usually start out at half the pay of a journeyman,and the pay increases gradually as they move further along in the job and studies. 可判断。76. 答案a journeymans wages解析：根据第二段Near the end of

48、the apprenticeship,their wages are usually 90 percent of what a journeyman would receive. 可判断作答77. 答案：many well trained workers解析：根据第二段 It can offer employers a pool of well-trainedworkers to draw from. 可判断78. 答案： being laid off解析： 根据第三段 Sometimes, they might belaid off if business for the employers

49、 is slow. 可判断79. 答案： Results解析：综合右栏内容可判断80. 答案：another pay increase解析：根据最后一段 Once they have completed the apprenticeship and become journeymen, they receive anationally recognized and portable certification and their pay also increases again. 可判断Section B Directions: Read the following passage, Answ

50、er the questions according to theinformation given in the passage. Secret Santas On Christmas morning, Linda wakes up, and tries to imagine the wide-eyed surprise ofchildren in another household as they unwrap the presents she carefully chose for them. Linda has never met the children, but thats all

51、 part of the joy of giving as secret Santas, shesays. Its an amazing feeling to buy gifts on an anonymous basis, says Linda. It brings a whole new meaning to the holidays. Linda and Tony are an American couple living in Toronto, Canada, and Linda didcharitable work as a member of the American Womens

52、 Club of Toronto. As the namesuggests, members are U. S. To find her adopted family, Linda goes to the local schools and requests a wish listfor a family thats struggling to survive. Last year she helped a single mother with threechildren. The mother works as a cleaning lady in a nursing home. The l

53、ist is always heartbreaking. They have an opportunity to ask for anything and dojust the opposite, asking for basic clothes or simple toys, she says. We always buy thekids a new winter coat, hats, and gloves. She also buys gifts for the parents. Last year Linda asked the mother for a second wish lis

54、t-one that didnt include thebasics. Every child should have a Christmas that sticks with them for a lifetime. Shepurchased iPods for the two older children and a video game system for the youngest. I have learned a very valuable lesson in all of this, says Linda. Pay attention to whatsgoing on in yo

55、ur own backyard-no matter where you live. The joy of giving as secret Santas is much sweeter when the gift is anonymous. 81. What reaction does Linda imagine the children will have? They will feel greatly surprised. 82. Why did Linda join the American Womens Club of Toronto? She joined it for fellow

56、ship and community service. 83. Why did Linda ask for a second wish list? She wanted to give the children some other gifts rather than the basics. 84. What kind of people does secret Santas in the passage refer to? It refers to people who give away anonymous gifts on Christmas. 81. 答案：They will feel

57、 greatly surprised解析：根据第一段 Linda wakes up, and tries to imagine the wide-eyed surprise ofchildren in another household as they unwrap the presents she carefully chose for them. 可判断作答82. 答案：She joined it for fellowship and community service解析：根据第三段 Linda didcharitable work as a member of the American

58、 Womens Club of Toronto. As the namesuggests, members are U. S. citizens living in Toronto, who join together for fellowshipand community service. 可判断作答83. 答案：She wanted to give the children some other gifts rather than the basics解析：根据最后一段 Last year Linda asked the mother for a second wish list-one

59、that didnt include thebasics. 和 Shepurchased iPods for the two older children and a video game system for the youngest. 可判断作答84. 答案：it refers to people who give away anonymous gifts on Christmas解析：综合第一段和最后一段可推断作答。2016上海The elephant was lying heavily on its side, fast asleep. A few dogs started barki

60、ng at it. The elephant woke up in a terrible anger: it chased the dogs into the village where they ran for safety. That didnt stop the elephant. It destroyed a dozen houses and injured several people. The villagers were scared and angry. Then someone suggested calling Parbati, the elephant princess.